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+![电气系统](./topo.png "电气系统") + +在直流系统的控制系统模型中，整流侧采用定电流控制，逆变侧一般情况下采用定熄弧角控制，并配有低压限流保护环节，如下图所示。 + +![控制系统](./control.png "控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +设定合适的仿真步长（10μs或20μs），对LCC-HVDC系统进行电磁暂态仿真。 + +### 仿真1：稳态运行测试 + +在`运行`标签页的`电磁暂态仿真方案`中设置算例的起止时间及积分步长等基本信息。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。算例中已输出整流侧与逆变侧的直流电压、直流电流和触发角波形，用户可根据实际需求自行设置输出波形。通过仿真结果我们可以看到直流系统快速进入稳态运行状态。 + +![稳态计算结果-直流电压](./LCC3.png "稳态计算结果-直流电压") + +![稳态计算结果-直流电流](./LCC4.png "稳态计算结果-直流电流") + +![稳态计算结果-触发角（弧度）](./LCC5.png "稳态计算结果-触发角（弧度）") + +### 仿真2：换相失败故障测试 + +换相失败故障是LCC-HVDC中最为常见的故障类型。在逆变侧交流母线上设置三相短路故障，并在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中设置故障起止时间，该交流故障可以引起直流系统发生换相失败故障。仿真结果如下图所示。 + +![暂态计算结果-直流电压](./LCC6.png "暂态计算结果-直流电压") + +![暂态计算结果-直流电流](./LCC7.png "暂态计算结果-直流电流") + +通过量测逆变侧六脉动换流桥元件的晶闸管电流，还可绘制详细的桥内部6个晶闸管的电流。 + +![暂态计算结果-晶闸管电流](./LCC8.png "暂态计算结果-晶闸管电流") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/10-lcc/topo.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/10-lcc/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 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a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e359273f6e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +--- +title: 110kV变电站一、二次系统 +description: 110kV变电站一、二次系统 +tags: +- xstudio +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs' +import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem' + +智能变电站作为新型电力系统中衔接一、二次系统的重要节点，担任着受电、变电、配电、控制、保护等重要角色。随着高比例分布式电源的接入，保证在各种工况下继电保护和控制系统都对故障做出正确的判断和快速响应是智能变电站保护和控制装置研发的难点，用户可使用本案例，进行保护配合测试、连锁故障反演等相关内容研究。 + +## 算例介绍 +该算例包含了智能变电站一次主接线、量测系统及保护系统全部模块。电气与控制节点总数超过20000个。为使用户更直观、快速地掌握该算例，SimStudio结合实际智能变电站的层级划分结构，采用分层设计理念，将算例分为了一次系统、量测系统、保护系统三个层级分别构建。 +### 变电站一次系统 + +一次系统由电源、送出线路、母线、主变、出线、负荷、电容器、接地变、断路器、CT\PT等元件组成，用于模拟一次设备的运行情况。 + +![110kV变电站主接线](./_substation1.png) + +一次系统又按照电源、送出线路、母线、变压器进行进一步的层级划分，每一个层级下配置了该层级量测系统、保护系统、故障设置的对应链接，用户可通过双击链接进行不同层级图纸之间的导航。 + +例如：在 110kV 送出线路系统层级下，双击”量测系统_Ⅰ线”。可导航至对应的量测系统：“Ⅰ线保护设备量测“ + +![110kV送出线路系统层级](./_nav.png) + +![Ⅰ线保护设备量测](./_line1measurement.png) + +### 变电站量测系统 + +量测系统主要包含数字量量测(断路器状态)、模拟量量测(CT\PT)两类，其中数字量量测主要测量断路器的开断信息用于事件日志的触发以及与保护逻辑配合，模拟量量测主要测量一次设备的电压、电流等信息，用于保护与控制。 + +本次算例中的量测系统监测了所有断路器的状态信息、以及各一次设备的电压、电流等采样信息。 + +![110kV变电站量测系统](./_substation2.png) + +### 变电站保护系统 + +保护系统通过监测断路器的开断状态决定一次设备对应的保护装置是否投切以及根据二次侧的电压、电流等采样信息判断一次设备、电网是否故障，从而进行故障定位、切除与隔离，保障电网的可靠运行。本 + +算例中，根据实际保护配置信息及保护定值单，构建了包含主网、配网保护逻辑的保护系统。 + +![110kV变电站保护系统](./_substation3.png) + +## 算例入门指南 + +### 新建算例 + +可以在**SimStudio 工作台**页面中，点击**新建**按钮，在弹出框中选择**继电保护系统**，创建**110kV变电站一、二次系统**。 + +![新建110kV变电站一、二次系统](./_create.png) + + +### 用户自定义场景 +为方便用户使用，智能变电站算例为用户配置了保护投入/闭锁状态、故障参数快速配置面板，用户可快速配置不同类型故障、不同类型保护的投切状态，测试不同故障下各类保护的配合效果。 + +![用户自定义场景](./_selectfaultscene.png) + +- 保护投入/闭锁 + +用户可在**保护投入/闭锁面板**根据保护类型选择要**投入/闭锁**的保护。 + +![保护投入/闭锁](./_protection_on_off.png) + +- 故障设置 + +用户可在**故障设置面板**选择算例中已经搭建好的故障位置、故障场景。 + +![故障设置](./_faultsceneposition.png) + +- 运行 + + 用户设置好**保护投切/闭锁**、**故障场景**、**故障位置后**，配置好仿真时间、以及需要显示的通道数据，即可运行仿真。 + + +## 典型场景 + + + + +用户可通过设置送出线路故障类型，故障位置选择为Ⅰ线或者Ⅱ线，仿真差动保护动作特性。差动保护相关日志记录、动作信号、量测信息如下图所示。 + +![日志记录](./_log1.png) + +![动作信号](./_trip1.png) + +![送端测量电流](./_current1.png) + +![差动电流/制动电流](./_current2.png) + + + + +用户可通过设置母线故障类型，故障位置为110kVⅠ段母线，仿真母线保护动作特性。母线保护相关日志记录、动作信号、量测信息如下图所示。 + +![日志记录](./_log2.png) + +![动作信号](./_trip2.png) + +![母线电压](./_voltage2.png) + + + + +用户可通过设置变压器故障类型，故障位置为主变3，仿真变压器相关保护动作特性。变压器保护相关日志记录、动作信号、量测信息如下图所示。 + +![日志记录](./_log3.png) + +![动作信号](./_trip3.png) + +![变压器低压侧电流](./_current3_1.png) + +![变压器高压侧电流](./_current3_2.png) + + + + + +此次算例中在10kV配网出线处配置了重合闸保护，用户可通过设置送出线路故障类型，故障位置选择为10kV出线1，故障类型为单相短路故障，仿真重合闸相关动作特性。重合闸相关日志记录、动作信号、量测信息如下图所示。 + +![日志记录](./_log4.png) + +![动作信号](./_trip4.png) + +![10kV母线Ⅰ段电压](./_voltage4.png) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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+模块化多电平换流器（MMC）是一种新型的电压变换电路，它通过将多个子模块级联，叠加输出高电压。具有输出谐波少、模块化程度高等特点，因而在电力系统中具有广泛的应用前景。 + +本算例由国际大电网组织MMC工作组提供的双端MMC直流输电测试系统简化而来，默认为77电平640kV双端MMC-HVDC系统。用户可根据需要修改电平数（10-101）及系统电压、功率参数。为保证仿真速度，本模型中的半桥子模块(SM)采用戴维南等值的快速仿真模型，与详细电磁暂态仿真模型具有相同的精度，但计算效率大幅度提高。 + +## 模型介绍 + +MMC-HVDC系统分为整流侧（送端）与逆变侧（受端）两部分，两侧的电路拓扑及控制基本一致，仅存在微小差异。每侧的控制系统包括：标幺值换算、电流电压测量、电流电压坐标变换、瞬时功率计算、功率控制(整流侧为直流电压-无功功率控制，逆变侧为有功-无功功率控制)、环流抑制以及调制和排序算法多个模块。用户可在参数方案处更改拓扑和运行参数，实现不同的仿真组合及分析验证，拓扑图如下所示。 + +![MMC的仿真电路图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + + +## 仿真 + +根据电平数和最大开关频率选择合适的仿真步长（电平数在101以下，采用最近电平调制时，建议采用10μs或20μs），对MMC-HVDC系统进行电磁暂态仿真。若希望得到更精确的开关过程波形，可采用更小的仿真步长进行仿真。 + +### 仿真1：逆变侧功率控制暂态响应 + +在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，可设定逆变侧控制的有功给定及无功给定，可设定整流侧控制的直流电压给定及无功给定。仿真默认逆变侧有功给定为-0.9p.u.，无功给定为0p.u.，整流侧电压给定1p.u.，无功给定0p.u.。系统预置0.8s后有功给定变为-0.5，1.4s后无功给定变为0.3。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。可以发现，逆变侧的有/无功功率、整流侧无功以及直流电压在参考变化时可快速调整至设定值。 + +![送受端功率仿真结果](./MMC2.png "仿真图") + +![直流电压仿真结果](./MMC3.png "仿真图") + +### 仿真2：环流抑制对比 + +环流抑制是MMC控制的关键环节之一，在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，选择整流侧环流抑制的选项为否，即禁用整流侧的环流抑制。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。可以发现，逆变侧环流峰峰值远小于整流侧，环流抑制效果明显。 + +![环流抑制对比仿真结果](./MMC4.png "仿真图") + +### 仿真3：不同电平数/模块数仿真 + +在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，分别改变SM模块数的值为76和100，对应的输出电平数为77和101。分别启动仿真，得到如下图所示的仿真结果，可以发现模块电容电压的值分别为8.42kV(640/76)、6.4kV(640/100)，且电容电压均衡效果明显。 + +![模块数为76时的电容电压仿真结果](./MMC5.png "仿真图") + +![模块数为100时的电容电压仿真结果](./MMC6.png "仿真图") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/20-mmc/topo.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/20-mmc/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a57a2400b2 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/20-mmc/topo.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/111.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/111.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..95139fd52d Binary files /dev/null and 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--- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +--- +title: 光伏并网发电系统 +description: 光伏并网发电系统模板案例 +tags: +- xstudio +- simstudio +- cases +--- + + +## 描述 +随着电力电子变换技术的进步，太阳能光伏逆变并网发电比例逐步提升。对集中式、分布式光伏发电系统的详细建模和仿真对于研究光伏并网带来的影响具有重要意义。 + +CloudPSS提供了光伏并网发电系统的详细模型和平均模型，并提供了两种模型的对比。用户可根据需要，自行选择相应的模型，并在此基础上进行修改和研究。 + +## 模型介绍 + +光伏并网发电系统由光伏电池组的工程参数模型（参数更易获取）、电压源变换器（详细/平均模型）、变流器控制系统和最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）算法构成。 + +其中，电压源变换器的详细模型由6个分立的IGBT及其反并联二极管组成，如下图。 + + +![详细模型1](./111.png "详细模型1") + +变换器的平均模型由交流侧3个受控电压源和直流侧一个受控电流源组成，如下图。 + +![平均模型](./averaging-model.png "平均模型") + + +变流器的控制系统采用定直流电压-无功功率控制（VQ控制）。其中，直流电压给定值由MPPT控制模块指定。详细模型的控制系统由电网电压定向、电压环-电流环双闭环控制、参考信号生成、SPWM控制四部分构成。MPPT采用扰动算法。 + +![详细模型控制系统](./control-details.png "详细模型控制系统") + +平均模型的控制系统省略了SPWM控制，但增加了变流器平均模型控制（其主要作用是保证交流侧和直流侧的功率平衡）。 + +![平均模型控制系统](./control-average.png "平均模型控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +根据所选择的模型设定仿真步长，对光伏并网发电系统进行电磁暂态仿真。其中，详细模型由于含有离散开关事件，必须在`运行`标签页->`电磁暂态仿真方案`>`求解器设置`处选择`开关/离散事件处理增强`选项，采用较小的仿真步长进行仿真。若PWM载波频率为$f_c$，则建议仿真步长应小于$1/({20f_c})$。选用平均模型时，由于不存在开关事件，故可选择`常规（默认）`选项，设置较高的仿真步长（建议50μs，通常不超过100μs）。 + +### 仿真1：禁用MPPT控制 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光照/温度随机变化频率`为1Hz； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`使能最大功率点追踪控制`选择否，即**禁用MPPT控制**。 + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压和有功功率仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./PV1_1.png "直流电压") + +直流侧直流电压参考值设置为0.8kV，直流侧电压维持在0.8kV。 + +![直流电压放大图](./PV1_2.png "直流电压放大图") + +![有功功率](./PV1_3.png "有功功率") + +光照/温度随机变化频率为1Hz，环境条件发生变化时，直流电压产生波动并维持在直流电压参考值，有功功率随着环境的变化而发生变化。 + +### 仿真2：启用MPPT控制 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光照/温度随机变化频率`为1Hz； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`使能最大功率点追踪控制`选择是，即**启用MPPT控制**。 + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压和有功功率仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./PV1_4.png "直流电压") + +![有功功率](./PV1_5.png "有功功率") + +直流侧直流电压参考值设置为该环境条件下由MPPT控制得到的最大功率点电压，直流侧电压维持在最大功率点电压。环境条件发生变化时，最大功率也发生变化。 + +可见，详细模型和平均模型结果一致。在实际应用时，若需研究控制算法、系统级动态，为提升仿真效率，可采用平均模型。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT11.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT11.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..baec316038 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT11.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT12.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT12.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b154cf32bc Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT12.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT13.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/40-bess/BAT13.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..27ac8f3307 Binary files /dev/null and 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+随着电力电子变换技术、电动汽车技术的发展，配电网、微电网中充电桩、储能系统的比例逐步提升。对分布式储能逆变系统的详细建模和仿真具有重要意义。 + +CloudPSS提供了储能并网发电系统的详细模型和平均模型，并提供了两种模型的对比。用户可根据需要，自行选择相应的模型，并在此基础上进行修改和研究。 + +## 模型介绍 + +分布式储能逆变系统由储能电池（铅蓄电池）的戴维南等值模型、电压源变换器（详细/平均模型）、网侧滤波电容器、变流器控制系统和离并网切换控制构成。 + +其中，电压源变换器的详细模型由6个分立的IGBT及其反并联二极管组成，如下图。 + +![详细模型](./details.png "详细模型") + + + +变换器的平均模型由交流侧3个受控电压源和直流侧一个受控电流源组成，如下图。 + +![平均模型](./average.png "平均模型") + +变流器的控制系统分为并网控制和离网控制两种。 +* 并网控制采用定有功功率-无功功率控制（PQ控制）。 +* 离网控制采用定交流电压-频率控制（VF控制）。 +算例内置并网转离网切换控制，在切换点处，变流器的电压外环控制整体被切换。 + +详细模型的控制系统由电网电压定向、电压环-电流环双闭环控制、参考信号生成、SPWM控制四部分构成。 + +![详细模型控制系统](./details-control.png "详细模型控制系统") + +平均模型的控制系统省略了SPWM控制，但增加了变流器平均模型控制（其主要作用是保证交流侧和直流侧的功率平衡）。 + +![平均模型控制系统](./average-control.png "平均模型控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +根据所选择的模型设定仿真步长，对储能并网发电系统进行电磁暂态仿真。其中，详细模型由于含有离散开关事件，建议在`运行`标签页->`电磁暂态仿真方案`>`求解器设置`处选择`开关/离散事件处理增强`选项，采用较小的仿真步长进行仿真。若PWM载波频率为$f_c$，则建议仿真步长应小于$1/({20f_c})$。选用平均模型时，由于不存在开关事件，故可选择`常规（默认）`选项，设置较高的仿真步长（建议50μs，通常不超过100μs）。 + +### 仿真1：充放电切换过程 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`充电转放电控制时间 [s]`为1； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`并网转离网控制时间 [s]`为100，即不进行离网控制； + + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压、有功/无功功率、交流电流、荷电状态（State of Charge, SOC）仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./BAT6.png "直流电压") + +![有功功率](./BAT7.png "有功功率") + +![交流电流](./BAT8.png "交流电流") + +![SOC](./BAT9.png "SOC") + +可见，充放电功率切换暂态过程，平均模型与详细模型结果一致。 + +### 仿真2：并网转离网过程 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`充电转放电控制时间 [s]`为0，即电池一直为放电模式； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`并网转离网控制时间 [s]`为5； + + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压、有功/无功功率、交流电流、荷电状态（State of Charge, SOC）仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./BAT11.png "直流电压") + +![有功功率](./BAT12.png "有功功率") + +![无功功率](./BAT13.png "无功功率") + +![交流电流](./BAT14.png "交流电流") + +![SOC](./BAT15.png "SOC") + +![交流电压](./BAT16.png "交流电压") + +可见，并网转离网切换过程详细模型和平均模型结果一致，切换过程平滑。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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+系统可以选择两种启动方式：S2M启动方式与稳态潮流断面启动方式。详见[潮流断面启动](../../../../../documents/software/20-emtlab/60-power-flow/30-initializing-from-power-flow-results/index.md#潮流断面启动) + + +该算例可用于传统暂态稳定分析，励磁、调速控制器设计，系统调频等特性分析等。 + +## 模型介绍 + +### 模型拓扑 + +IEEE39节点算例拓扑图如下，其中39号节点为松弛节点。除松弛节点外，各电机相连的母线（30-38）电压等级均为20kV，另外12号节点为25kV，剩下所有母线电压均为500kV. + +![IEEE39节点算例拓扑图](./I1.png "拓扑图") + +CloudPSS上该算例采用单线图构建，其拓扑如下。 + +![IEEE39节点算例仿真图](./topo.png "仿真图") + +#### 子系统功能 + +CloudPSS上的IEEE39节点标准系统中，对电机采用了子系统功能进行封装。每个子系统内部的拓扑如下图所示（以30号电机为例），每台电机包含励磁器、调速器、原动机、电力系统稳定器四种控制器模型。 + +![电机子系统内部拓扑图](./sub-topo.png "电机拓扑图") + + +### 模型参数 + +所有电机参数、传输线参数、变压器参数来源于文献^[Luc Gérin-Lajoie. IEEE PES Task Force on Benchmark Systems for Stability Controls[R]. EMTP-RV 39-bus system, Version 1.5 - Mars 04, 2015]。 + +#### 发电机参数 + +发电机原始标幺值参数如下: + +| UnitNo. | RatedPower | H | Ra | x'd | x'q | xd | xq | T'do | T'qo | xl | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 10000 | 5.000 | 0.000 | 0.600 | 0.800 | 2.000 | 1.900 | 7.000 | 0.700 | 0.300 | +| 2 | 1000 | 3.030 | 0.000 | 0.697 | 1.700 | 2.950 | 2.820 | 6.560 | 1.500 | 0.350 | +| 3 | 1000 | 3.580 | 0.000 | 0.531 | 0.876 | 2.495 | 2.370 | 5.700 | 1.500 | 0.304 | +| 4 | 1000 | 2.860 | 0.000 | 0.436 | 1.660 | 2.620 | 2.580 | 5.690 | 1.500 | 0.295 | +| 5 | 600 | 4.333 | 0.000 | 0.792 | 0.996 | 4.020 | 3.720 | 5.400 | 0.440 | 0.324 | +| 6 | 1000 | 3.480 | 0.000 | 0.500 | 0.814 | 2.540 | 2.410 | 7.300 | 0.400 | 0.224 | +| 7 | 1000 | 2.640 | 0.000 | 0.490 | 1.860 | 2.950 | 2.920 | 5.660 | 1.500 | 0.322 | +| 8 | 1000 | 2.430 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.911 | 2.900 | 2.800 | 6.700 | 0.410 | 0.280 | +| 9 | 1000 | 3.450 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.587 | 2.106 | 2.050 | 4.790 | 1.960 | 0.298 | +| 10 | 1000 | 4.200 | 0.000 | 0.310 | 0.080 | 1.000 | 0.690 | 10.200 | 0.000 | 0.125 | + +经过折算后（折算方法见2.2.1），实际使用的发电机参数如下： + +| Bus No. | Rs | Xls | Xd | Xq | Rfd | Rkd | Rkq | Xlfd | Xlkd | Xlkq | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 39 | 0.0002 | 0.3 | 2 | 1.9 | 0.00078 | 0.08842 | 0.07805 | 0.36429 | 0.30000 | 0.16552 | +| 31 | 0.0002 | 0.35 | 2.95 | 2.82 | 0.00121 | 0.08680 | 0.11626 | 0.40044 | 0.26421 | 0.15970 | +| 32 | 0.0002 | 0.304 | 2.495 | 2.37 | 0.00114 | 0.08339 | 0.09828 | 0.25324 | 0.40916 | 0.15710 | +| 33 | 0.0002 | 0.295 | 2.62 | 2.58 | 0.00115 | 0.22949 | 0.10351 | 0.15010 | 0.09017 | 0.05636 | +| 34 | 0.0002 | 0.324 | 4.02 | 3.72 | 0.00208 | 0.03440 | 0.17167 | 0.53585 | 1.07442 | 0.48710 | +| 35 | 0.0002 | 0.224 | 2.54 | 2.41 | 0.00096 | 0.06964 | 0.10510 | 0.31334 | 0.48576 | 0.19141 | +| 36 | 0.0002 | 0.322 | 2.95 | 2.92 | 0.00132 | 0.16917 | 0.11841 | 0.17947 | 0.14560 | 0.08041 | +| 37 | 0.0002 | 0.28 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 0.00117 | 0.07570 | 0.11947 | 0.32609 | 0.41083 | 0.18230 | +| 38 | 0.0002 | 0.298 | 2.106 | 2.05 | 0.00118 | 0.08605 | 0.08481 | 0.32017 | 0.34453 | 0.16644 | +| 30 | 0.0002 | 0.125 | 1 | 0.69 | 0.00029 | 0.09301 | 0.03207 | 0.23460 | 0.38542 | 0.16051 | + +#### 线路参数 + +传输线原始参数如下表。其中，标幺值参数为线路全长参数（潮流计算使用的参数），有名值参数为单位长度参数（根据标幺值参数和基准容量、电压、线路长度折算）。在CloudPSS提供的39节点标准算例中，线路参数采用标幺值的方式录入。 + +以下标么值的线路参数基值选取：电压基值为500kV，功率基值为100MW。 + +| | | R1(pu) | X1(pu) | B1(pu) | km | R1(ohm/km) | X1(ohm/km) | B1(uS/km) | R0(ohm/km) | X0(ohm/km) | B0(uS/km) | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 2 | 0.0035 | 0.0411 | 0.6987 | 275.5 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.015 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.609 | +| 1 | 39 | 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.75 | 167.6 | 0.015 | 0.373 | 1.790 | 0.149 | 1.119 | 1.074 | +| 2 | 3 | 0.0013 | 0.0151 | 0.2572 | 101.2 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.017 | 0.321 | 1.119 | 0.610 | +| 2 | 25 | 0.007 | 0.0086 | 0.146 | 57.6 | 0.304 | 0.373 | 1.013 | 3.036 | 1.119 | 0.608 | +| 3 | 4 | 0.0013 | 0.0213 | 0.2214 | 142.8 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.620 | 0.228 | 1.119 | 0.372 | +| 3 | 18 | 0.0011 | 0.0133 | 0.2138 | 89.1 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 0.959 | 0.308 | 1.119 | 0.576 | +| 4 | 5 | 0.0008 | 0.0128 | 0.1342 | 85.8 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.626 | 0.233 | 1.119 | 0.375 | +| 4 | 14 | 0.0008 | 0.0129 | 0.1382 | 86.5 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.639 | 0.231 | 1.119 | 0.384 | +| 5 | 6 | 0.0002 | 0.0026 | 0.0434 | 17.4 | 0.029 | 0.373 | 0.996 | 0.287 | 1.119 | 0.598 | +| 5 | 8 | 0.0008 | 0.0112 | 0.1476 | 75.1 | 0.027 | 0.373 | 0.786 | 0.266 | 1.119 | 0.472 | +| 6 | 7 | 0.0006 | 0.0092 | 0.113 | 61.7 | 0.024 | 0.373 | 0.733 | 0.243 | 1.119 | 0.440 | +| 6 | 11 | 0.0007 | 0.0082 | 0.1389 | 55.0 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.011 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 7 | 8 | 0.0004 | 0.0046 | 0.078 | 30.8 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.324 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 8 | 9 | 0.0023 | 0.0363 | 0.3804 | 243.3 | 0.024 | 0.373 | 0.625 | 0.236 | 1.119 | 0.375 | +| 9 | 39 | 0.001 | 0.025 | 1.2 | 167.6 | 0.015 | 0.373 | 2.865 | 0.149 | 1.119 | 1.719 | +| 10 | 11 | 0.0004 | 0.0043 | 0.0729 | 28.8 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.347 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 10 | 13 | 0.0004 | 0.0043 | 0.0729 | 28.8 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.347 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 13 | 14 | 0.0009 | 0.0101 | 0.1723 | 67.7 | 0.033 | 0.373 | 1.018 | 0.332 | 1.119 | 0.611 | +| 14 | 15 | 0.0018 | 0.0217 | 0.366 | 145.4 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 1.007 | 0.309 | 1.119 | 0.604 | +| 15 | 16 | 0.0009 | 0.0094 | 0.171 | 63.0 | 0.036 | 0.373 | 1.086 | 0.357 | 1.119 | 0.651 | +| 16 | 17 | 0.0007 | 0.0089 | 0.1342 | 59.7 | 0.029 | 0.373 | 0.9 | 0.293 | 1.119 | 0.54 | +| 16 | 19 | 0.0016 | 0.0195 | 0.304 | 130.7 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 0.93 | 0.306 | 1.119 | 0.558 | +| 16 | 21 | 0.0008 | 0.0135 | 0.2548 | 90.5 | 0.022 | 0.373 | 1.126 | 0.221 | 1.119 | 0.676 | +| 16 | 24 | 0.0003 | 0.0059 | 0.068 | 39.5 | 0.019 | 0.373 | 0.688 | 0.19 | 1.119 | 0.413 | +| 17 | 18 | 0.0007 | 0.0082 | 0.1319 | 55 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 0.96 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.576 | +| 17 | 27 | 0.0013 | 0.0173 | 0.3216 | 116 | 0.028 | 0.373 | 1.109 | 0.28 | 1.119 | 0.666 | +| 21 | 22 | 0.0008 | 0.014 | 0.2565 | 93.8 | 0.021 | 0.373 | 1.093 | 0.213 | 1.119 | 0.656 | +| 22 | 23 | 0.0006 | 0.0096 | 0.1846 | 64.3 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 1.148 | 0.233 | 1.119 | 0.689 | +| 23 | 24 | 0.0022 | 0.035 | 0.361 | 234.6 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.616 | 0.234 | 1.119 | 0.369 | +| 25 | 26 | 0.0032 | 0.0323 | 0.513 | 216.5 | 0.037 | 0.373 | 0.948 | 0.37 | 1.119 | 0.569 | +| 26 | 27 | 0.0014 | 0.0147 | 0.2396 | 98.5 | 0.036 | 0.373 | 0.973 | 0.355 | 1.119 | 0.584 | +| 26 | 28 | 0.0043 | 0.0474 | 0.7802 | 317.7 | 0.034 | 0.373 | 0.982 | 0.338 | 1.119 | 0.589 | +| 26 | 29 | 0.0057 | 0.0625 | 1.029 | 418.9 | 0.034 | 0.373 | 0.983 | 0.34 | 1.119 | 0.59 | +| 28 | 29 | 0.0014 | 0.0151 | 0.249 | 101.2 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 0.984 | 0.346 | 1.119 | 0.59 | +#### 变压器参数 + +| | | 额定功率（MVA） | 原边电压等级（kV） | 副边电压等级（kV） | R | X | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 11 | 12 | 100 | 500 | 25 | 0.0016 | 0.0435 | +| 13 | 12 | 100 | 500 | 25 | 0.0016 | 0.0435 | +| 6 | 31 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.025 | +| 10 | 32 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.02 | +| 19 | 33 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0007 | 0.0142 | +| 20 | 34 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0009 | 0.018 | +| 22 | 35 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.0143 | +| 23 | 36 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0005 | 0.0272 | +| 25 | 37 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0006 | 0.0232 | +| 2 | 30 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.0181 | +| 29 | 38 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0008 | 0.0156 | +| 19 | 20 | 100 | 500 | 500 | 0.0007 | 0.0138 | + +#### 负荷参数 + +| 节点编号 | 有功功率P（MW） | 无功功率Q（MVar）| +| :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 97.6 | 44.2| +| 3 | 322 | 2.4| +| 4 | 500 | 184| +| 7 | 233.8 | 84| +| 8 | 522 | 176| +| 12 | 8.5 | 88| +| 15 | 320 | 153| +| 16 | 329 | 32.3| +| 18 | 158 | 30| +| 20 | 680 | 103| +| 21 | 274 | 115| +| 23 | 247.5 | 84.6| +| 24 | 308.6 | -92.2| +| 25 | 224 | 47.2| +| 26 | 139 | 17| +| 27 | 281 | 75.5| +| 28 | 206 | 27.6| +| 29 | 283.5 | 26.9| +| 31 | 9.2 | 4.6| +| 39 | 1104 | 250| +#### 励磁调节器参数 + +本算例中采用 IEEE 标准的 EXST1(PTI) 型励磁调节器。具体信息见参考文献^[IEEE Std 421.5™-2005. IEEE Recommended Practice for Excitation System Models for Power System Stability Studies. New York, IEEE, 2005]。在 CloudPSS 中构建的元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![励磁调节器元件图标](./excitation-regulation.png "励磁元件图") + +![励磁调节器原理图](./EXST1_PTI_Inner.png "励磁原理图") + +各个引脚中，Vref、Vs、VT、IT、Ef0、S2M为输入引脚，其中： ++ Ef0引脚应与电机内部量测量#Ef0相连，为Ef的初值。 ++ Ef输出连接电机的Ef端口。 ++ If输入端口连接电机的If输出端口。 ++ Vs连接到PSS的输出，没有PSS时可以输入常数0。 ++ Vref（参考电压）可以连接到同模块输出的参考电压初始值Vref0，也可以直接设为1。 ++ VT，IT为电机端电压和电流的标幺值。 ++ S2M为`Source to Machine信号`。当电机采用Source to Machine启动时，输入模块的S2M信号应与输入电机的S2M信号保持一致。 + +其中参数设置如下： +|||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **RC** | **Xc** | **TR** | **TC** | **TB** | **KF** | **TF** | +| 0 | 0 | 0.01 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 1 | +| **KA** | **TA** | **VRMAX** | **VRMIN** | **KC** | **VIMAX** | **VIMIN** | +| 200 | 0.015 | 5 | -5 | 0 | 0.1 | -0.1 | + +参数说明如下： ++ TA, TB, TC：Voltage regulator time constants [s]电压校准器时间常数 ++ VRMAX, VRMIN：Maximum and minimum regulator output limits [p.u.]电压校准器输出范围 ++ TF：Excitation control system stabilizer time constant [s] 励磁控制系统稳定器时间常数 ++ KF：Excitation control system stabilizer gain [p.u.]励磁控制系统稳定器放大倍数 + +#### 调速器和原动机参数 + +本算例中采用IEEE标准的STEAM_GOV_1型调速器和STEAM_TUR_1型原动机。在CloudPSS中构建的调速器STEAM_GOV_1元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![调速器元件图](./speed-control-element.png "调速器元件图") + +![调速器原理图](./GOV.png "调速器原理图") + +其中参数设置如下： +||||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **DB** | **Kg** | **TSR** | **TSM** | **P_up** | **P_donw** | **Cmax** | **Cmin** | +| 0 | 20 | 0 | 0.075 | 0.6786 | -1 | 0.9 | 0 | + +在CloudPSS中构建的原动机STEAM_TUR_1元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![调速器元件图](./speed-control-element-steam_tur.png "调速器元件图") + +![调速器原理图](./TUR1.png "调速器原理图") + +其中参数设置如下： +||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **K1** | **K2** | **K3** | **K4** | **K5** | **K6** | +| 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| **K6** | **K8** | **T4** | **T5** | **T6** | **T7** | +| 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 10 | 0.6 | 0 | + +## 仿真 + +CloudPSS的电磁暂态仿真中电气系统的启动可以大体分为两种：`从零启动`以及`从潮流断面直接启动`。具体可以参考[潮流断面启动](../../../../../documents/software/20-emtlab/60-power-flow/30-initializing-from-power-flow-results/index.md#潮流断面启动) + +作为演示，这里选择从零启动（即S2M启动）方式，在`运行`标签页下配置`电磁暂态仿真方案`。在仿真方案配置页面，可配置输出窗口，这里选择输出所有10台发电机的功角、转速、端电压标幺值、端电流标幺值，以及37号母线所连电机的三相瞬时电流曲线。 + +点击`启动任务`或按下[[ctrl]]+[[R]]开始仿真。 + +下面展示某次仿真的运行结果，注意在2s-2.1s间，16号母线处发生了三相接地短路故障。 + +所有电机的功角波形如图所示： + +![电机功角](./IEEE39_3.png "电机功角") + +所有电机的转速波形如图所示： + +![电机转速](./IEEE39_4.png "电机转速") + +所有电机的端电压标幺值仿真结果如图所示： + +![电机的端电压标幺值](./IEEE39_5.png "电机的端电压标幺值") + +所有电机的端电流标幺值仿真结果如图所示： + +![电机的端电流标幺值](./IEEE39_6.png "电机的端电流标幺值") + +以37号节点为例，在故障前后处机端电流波形的仿真结果为： + +![机端电流波形](./IEEE39_7.png "机端电流波形") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/speed-control-element-steam_tur.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/speed-control-element-steam_tur.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2fc0efcd77 Binary files 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b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/DCGrid7.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..299e307ebe --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +--- +title: 直流微电网系统 +description: 直流微电网系统模板案例 +tags: +- xstudio +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +直流微电网可更高效可靠地接纳风、光等分布式可再生能源发电系统、储能单元、电动汽车及其他直流用电负荷。本算例提供了包含交流电网、固态变压器、光伏逆变器、储能变流器以及三相交流负载的直流微电网仿真，用以模拟智能楼宇供电系统。 + +本算例中的开关模块(固态变压器、三相H桥变流器、半桥变流器)采用快速开关搜索建模方法。该方法与传统基于插值迭代的开关算法相比，在保留高精确度的同时，极大提高了仿真效率，因而特别适用于微电网、模块化多电平变流器、固态变压器等含有大量电压源变流器的仿真分析。 + +## 模型介绍 +该直流微网模型包含了一个10模块固态变压器(共120个IGBT/二极管组)、一个储能系统(铅蓄电池加半桥变流器)、两个光伏系统(光伏电池加半桥变流器)以及一个带阻感负载的三相逆变器，每一变流系统各自对应一个控制系统。固态变压器采用直流母线电压外环、并网电流内环以及电容电压比值闭环控制。储能系统采用输出端口功率外环加输出电流内环控制。光伏系统采用光伏输入电压环节跟踪MPPT产生的参考信号，其中MPPT采用了定步长扰动观测法。三相逆变器则采用离网VF控制。 + +![直流微网的仿真电路图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光伏电池1的MPPT使能时间 [s]`为0.2，`光伏电池2的MPPT使能时间 [s]`为0.3，`储能有功控制参考切换时间 [s]`为0.5，`三相负载大小切换时间 [s]`为0.7。配置`电磁暂态仿真方案`，点击`启动任务`，可得到仿真结果如下图所示。 + +![直流母线电压](./DCGrid2.png "仿真结果图") + +可以发现，负载(PV，蓄电池，三相负载)变化时，直流母线基本维持恒定。 + +![入网电流](./DCGrid3.png "仿真结果图") + +入网电流具有较好的正弦度，负载变化时，入网电流跟随变化，响应速度快。 + +![蓄电池功率](./DCGrid4.png "仿真结果图") + +蓄电池功率按照给定参考变化，响应速度快。 + +![光伏电池1输入电压](./DCGrid5.png "仿真结果图") + +![光伏电池2输入电压](./DCGrid6.png "仿真结果图") + +MPPT通过扰动输入电压，使光伏电池输出功率在最大功率点振动。 + +![三相负载电流](./DCGrid7.png "仿真结果图") + +负载电阻变化导致负载电流随之变化，可以看出电流环的响应速度快，电流正弦度高。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..66936d363c Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png differ diff --git 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+飞轮储能系统测试算例主功率拓扑由三相电压源变换器、飞轮电机(永磁同步发动机)以及直流电压源构成。可采用功率电压外环或速度外环控制以及转子电流内环控制。调制器采用传统的正弦脉宽调制，载波频率为10kHz。仿真拓扑如下图所示。 + +![拓扑图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`速度外环切换为功率外环时刻 [s]`为1，`功率参考切换时刻 [s]`为1.2。点击`启动任务`开始仿真计算。 + +转子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转子电流](./rotor-current.png "仿真结果图") + +转子速度的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转子速度](./rotor-speed.png "仿真结果图") + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./electromagnetic-torque.png "仿真结果图") + +输出功率的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![输出功率](./output-power.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真设置，在0\~1s采用速度外环控制。由转子速度仿真结果可知，速度参考先上升后下降，实际转子速度完全跟随速度参考值。转子速度上升时，电磁转矩Te≈-1p.u.，转子速度不变时，电磁转矩Te≈0p.u.，转子速度下降时，电磁转矩Te≈1p.u。1s\~1.5s采用功率外环控制，此时在电压源变流器端口处检测到的功率按照参考值变化。根据输出功率仿真结果图可以看出，功率跟随效果较好。此时转子速度会随着功率变化而变化，主要为：对外释放功率时速度减小，吸收功率时速度增加。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/70-fess/output-power.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/70-fess/output-power.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3e09ad0194 Binary files /dev/null and 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/dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/80-dtc/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +--- +title: 异步电机矢量控制系统 +description: 异步电机矢量控制系统模板案例 +tags: +- xstudio +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +变频调速技术具有调速范围广、调速精度高、动态响应好等优点，使用变频器可以大大提高交流电机转速和力矩的控制精度。 + +本算例基于磁场定向矢量控制方法实现对三相交流异步电机的控制，利用坐标变换将定子电流的励磁分量和转矩分量独立开来，进而实现电机转速和磁链的解耦，分别进行控制。 + + +## 模型介绍 + +异步电机矢量控制测试算例主功率拓扑由三相电压源变换器、三相异步电机以及直流电压源构成，仿真拓扑如下图所示。其中，速度外环的输出为电磁转矩的参考值，经过计算公式后得到内环定子电流的q轴分量参考值。为了控制简单， 以开环方式维持转子磁链为常值，直接根据期望值0.96计算得到内环电流的d轴分量参考值。内环电流控制器采用滞环控制，具有较快的响应速度，但其输出开关波形频率不固定，会导致电流纹波较大。 + +![拓扑图](./asynchronous-motor-topology.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`机械转矩切换时刻 [s]`为1.5，`速度参考切换时刻 [s]`为2。点击`启动任务`开始仿真计算。 + + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./electromagnetic-torque.png "仿真结果图") + +a相定子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![a相定子电流](./phase-a-stator-current.png "仿真结果图") + +转速的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转速](./speed.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真结果，转子转速从0 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+![a相定子电流](./DFIG2.png "仿真结果图") + +直流电压的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![直流电压](./DFIG3.png "仿真结果图") + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./DFIG4.png "仿真结果图") + +a相转子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![a相转子电流](./DFIG5.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真结果及仿真设置可知，直流电压的参考值为1.2kV，直流电压维持在参考值保持不变。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8a4c8bdaba Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5bb84571e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: SimStudio 典型案例 + +tags: +- simstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..86976b4b46 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: SimStudio 研究案例 + +tags: +- simstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..09aa21f52b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: SimStudio 第三方案例 + +tags: +- simstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7c6fd87709 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/10-simstudio/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: SimStudio +description: SimStudio 案例 + +tags: +- simstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9245d2c131 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: FuncStudio 典型案例 + +tags: +- funcstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1c03a9c03e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: FuncStudio 研究案例 + +tags: +- funcstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..51a1ecaec6 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: FuncStudio 第三方案例 + +tags: +- funcstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..92b5d7eb84 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/20-funcstudio/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: FuncStudio +description: FuncStudio 案例 + +tags: +- funcstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c863c6e219 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: AppStudio 典型案例 + +tags: +- appstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c25e239f48 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: AppStudio 研究案例 + +tags: +- appstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..870d759ddb --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: AppStudio 第三方案例 + +tags: +- appstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d48a071e06 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/30-appstudio/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: AppStudio +description: AppStudio 案例 + +tags: +- appstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/10-xstudio/index.md b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e29b3165cf --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/10-xstudio/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: XStudio +description: XStudio 案例 + +tags: +- xstudio +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/10-lcc/LCC3.png 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b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/10-lcc/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +--- +title: 高压直流输电系统 +description: 高压直流输电系统模板案例 +tags: +- emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +基于电网换相换流器的高压直流(Line commutated converter high voltage direct current, LCC-HVDC)输电系统具有输送功率大、技术成熟等优点，近年来在电力系统中发挥越来越大的作用。 + +CloudPSS提供了国际大电网组织提供的LCC-HVDC标准测试系统。在标准测试系统上，CloudPSS进一步提供了单极12脉动、单极双12脉动、双极12脉动、双极双12脉动四种LCC-HVDC仿真模型，用户可根据需要进行选取。现以单极单12脉动为例进行仿真模型的介绍。单极双12脉动、双极12脉动与双极双12脉动的电气与控制系统类似，此处介绍从略。 + +## 模型介绍 + +单极12脉动LCC-HVDC模型如图所示，其中每个6脉波桥换流器与对应的换流变压器进行连接，进一步与交流侧母线连接。交流母线上，并联有交流滤波器组与电容器组，电容器组主要用于交流侧的无功补偿；滤波器组用于滤除交流测的谐波，同时也具有一定的无功补偿的作用。整流侧与逆变侧通过直流线路相连接。 + +![电气系统](./topo.png "电气系统") + +在直流系统的控制系统模型中，整流侧采用定电流控制，逆变侧一般情况下采用定熄弧角控制，并配有低压限流保护环节，如下图所示。 + +![控制系统](./control.png "控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +设定合适的仿真步长（10μs或20μs），对LCC-HVDC系统进行电磁暂态仿真。 + +### 仿真1：稳态运行测试 + +在`运行`标签页的`电磁暂态仿真方案`中设置算例的起止时间及积分步长等基本信息。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。算例中已输出整流侧与逆变侧的直流电压、直流电流和触发角波形，用户可根据实际需求自行设置输出波形。通过仿真结果我们可以看到直流系统快速进入稳态运行状态。 + +![稳态计算结果-直流电压](./LCC3.png "稳态计算结果-直流电压") + +![稳态计算结果-直流电流](./LCC4.png "稳态计算结果-直流电流") + +![稳态计算结果-触发角（弧度）](./LCC5.png "稳态计算结果-触发角（弧度）") + +### 仿真2：换相失败故障测试 + +换相失败故障是LCC-HVDC中最为常见的故障类型。在逆变侧交流母线上设置三相短路故障，并在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中设置故障起止时间，该交流故障可以引起直流系统发生换相失败故障。仿真结果如下图所示。 + +![暂态计算结果-直流电压](./LCC6.png "暂态计算结果-直流电压") + +![暂态计算结果-直流电流](./LCC7.png "暂态计算结果-直流电流") + +通过量测逆变侧六脉动换流桥元件的晶闸管电流，还可绘制详细的桥内部6个晶闸管的电流。 + +![暂态计算结果-晶闸管电流](./LCC8.png "暂态计算结果-晶闸管电流") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/10-lcc/topo.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/10-lcc/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2ca3ad91c8 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/10-lcc/topo.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/_create.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/_create.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1c5fd6f272 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/100-substation-case/_create.png 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+MMC-HVDC系统分为整流侧（送端）与逆变侧（受端）两部分，两侧的电路拓扑及控制基本一致，仅存在微小差异。每侧的控制系统包括：标幺值换算、电流电压测量、电流电压坐标变换、瞬时功率计算、功率控制(整流侧为直流电压-无功功率控制，逆变侧为有功-无功功率控制)、环流抑制以及调制和排序算法多个模块。用户可在参数方案处更改拓扑和运行参数，实现不同的仿真组合及分析验证，拓扑图如下所示。 + +![MMC的仿真电路图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + + +## 仿真 + +根据电平数和最大开关频率选择合适的仿真步长（电平数在101以下，采用最近电平调制时，建议采用10μs或20μs），对MMC-HVDC系统进行电磁暂态仿真。若希望得到更精确的开关过程波形，可采用更小的仿真步长进行仿真。 + +### 仿真1：逆变侧功率控制暂态响应 + +在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，可设定逆变侧控制的有功给定及无功给定，可设定整流侧控制的直流电压给定及无功给定。仿真默认逆变侧有功给定为-0.9p.u.，无功给定为0p.u.，整流侧电压给定1p.u.，无功给定0p.u.。系统预置0.8s后有功给定变为-0.5，1.4s后无功给定变为0.3。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。可以发现，逆变侧的有/无功功率、整流侧无功以及直流电压在参考变化时可快速调整至设定值。 + +![送受端功率仿真结果](./MMC2.png "仿真图") + +![直流电压仿真结果](./MMC3.png "仿真图") + +### 仿真2：环流抑制对比 + +环流抑制是MMC控制的关键环节之一，在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，选择整流侧环流抑制的选项为否，即禁用整流侧的环流抑制。点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。可以发现，逆变侧环流峰峰值远小于整流侧，环流抑制效果明显。 + +![环流抑制对比仿真结果](./MMC4.png "仿真图") + +### 仿真3：不同电平数/模块数仿真 + +在`运行`标签页的参数方案列表中，分别改变SM模块数的值为76和100，对应的输出电平数为77和101。分别启动仿真，得到如下图所示的仿真结果，可以发现模块电容电压的值分别为8.42kV(640/76)、6.4kV(640/100)，且电容电压均衡效果明显。 + 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--git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0323add0d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/30-pv-system/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +--- +title: 光伏并网发电系统 +description: 光伏并网发电系统模板案例 +tags: +- emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + + +## 描述 +随着电力电子变换技术的进步，太阳能光伏逆变并网发电比例逐步提升。对集中式、分布式光伏发电系统的详细建模和仿真对于研究光伏并网带来的影响具有重要意义。 + +CloudPSS提供了光伏并网发电系统的详细模型和平均模型，并提供了两种模型的对比。用户可根据需要，自行选择相应的模型，并在此基础上进行修改和研究。 + +## 模型介绍 + +光伏并网发电系统由光伏电池组的工程参数模型（参数更易获取）、电压源变换器（详细/平均模型）、变流器控制系统和最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）算法构成。 + +其中，电压源变换器的详细模型由6个分立的IGBT及其反并联二极管组成，如下图。 + + +![详细模型1](./111.png "详细模型1") + +变换器的平均模型由交流侧3个受控电压源和直流侧一个受控电流源组成，如下图。 + +![平均模型](./averaging-model.png "平均模型") + + +变流器的控制系统采用定直流电压-无功功率控制（VQ控制）。其中，直流电压给定值由MPPT控制模块指定。详细模型的控制系统由电网电压定向、电压环-电流环双闭环控制、参考信号生成、SPWM控制四部分构成。MPPT采用扰动算法。 + +![详细模型控制系统](./control-details.png "详细模型控制系统") + +平均模型的控制系统省略了SPWM控制，但增加了变流器平均模型控制（其主要作用是保证交流侧和直流侧的功率平衡）。 + +![平均模型控制系统](./control-average.png "平均模型控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +根据所选择的模型设定仿真步长，对光伏并网发电系统进行电磁暂态仿真。其中，详细模型由于含有离散开关事件，必须在`运行`标签页->`电磁暂态仿真方案`>`求解器设置`处选择`开关/离散事件处理增强`选项，采用较小的仿真步长进行仿真。若PWM载波频率为$f_c$，则建议仿真步长应小于$1/({20f_c})$。选用平均模型时，由于不存在开关事件，故可选择`常规（默认）`选项，设置较高的仿真步长（建议50μs，通常不超过100μs）。 + +### 仿真1：禁用MPPT控制 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光照/温度随机变化频率`为1Hz； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`使能最大功率点追踪控制`选择否，即**禁用MPPT控制**。 + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压和有功功率仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./PV1_1.png "直流电压") + +直流侧直流电压参考值设置为0.8kV，直流侧电压维持在0.8kV。 + +![直流电压放大图](./PV1_2.png "直流电压放大图") + +![有功功率](./PV1_3.png "有功功率") + +光照/温度随机变化频率为1Hz，环境条件发生变化时，直流电压产生波动并维持在直流电压参考值，有功功率随着环境的变化而发生变化。 + +### 仿真2：启用MPPT控制 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光照/温度随机变化频率`为1Hz； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`使能最大功率点追踪控制`选择是，即**启用MPPT控制**。 + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压和有功功率仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./PV1_4.png "直流电压") 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+平均模型的控制系统省略了SPWM控制，但增加了变流器平均模型控制（其主要作用是保证交流侧和直流侧的功率平衡）。 + +![平均模型控制系统](./average-control.png "平均模型控制系统") + +## 仿真 + +根据所选择的模型设定仿真步长，对储能并网发电系统进行电磁暂态仿真。其中，详细模型由于含有离散开关事件，建议在`运行`标签页->`电磁暂态仿真方案`>`求解器设置`处选择`开关/离散事件处理增强`选项，采用较小的仿真步长进行仿真。若PWM载波频率为$f_c$，则建议仿真步长应小于$1/({20f_c})$。选用平均模型时，由于不存在开关事件，故可选择`常规（默认）`选项，设置较高的仿真步长（建议50μs，通常不超过100μs）。 + +### 仿真1：充放电切换过程 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`充电转放电控制时间 [s]`为1； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`并网转离网控制时间 [s]`为100，即不进行离网控制； + + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压、有功/无功功率、交流电流、荷电状态（State of Charge, SOC）仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./BAT6.png "直流电压") + +![有功功率](./BAT7.png "有功功率") + +![交流电流](./BAT8.png "交流电流") + +![SOC](./BAT9.png "SOC") + +可见，充放电功率切换暂态过程，平均模型与详细模型结果一致。 + +### 仿真2：并网转离网过程 + +将详细模型和平均模型建立在统一算例工程中，进行如下设定。 +* 保持详细模型和平均模型的给定条件相同，设置算例的起止时间及积分步长（5μs）等基本信息； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`充电转放电控制时间 [s]`为0，即电池一直为放电模式； +* 设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`并网转离网控制时间 [s]`为5； + + +点击`启动任务`，即可得到仿真结果。详细化模型和平均化模型的直流电压、有功/无功功率、交流电流、荷电状态（State of Charge, SOC）仿真结果对比如下图所示。 + +![直流电压](./BAT11.png "直流电压") + +![有功功率](./BAT12.png "有功功率") + +![无功功率](./BAT13.png "无功功率") + +![交流电流](./BAT14.png "交流电流") + +![SOC](./BAT15.png "SOC") + +![交流电压](./BAT16.png "交流电压") + +可见，并网转离网切换过程详细模型和平均模型结果一致，切换过程平滑。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/EXST1_PTI_Inner.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/EXST1_PTI_Inner.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0a7c17083e Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/EXST1_PTI_Inner.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/GOV.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/GOV.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..71cd2e3eec Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/GOV.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/I1.png 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+IEEE39节点算例拓扑图如下，其中39号节点为松弛节点。除松弛节点外，各电机相连的母线（30-38）电压等级均为20kV，另外12号节点为25kV，剩下所有母线电压均为500kV. + +![IEEE39节点算例拓扑图](./I1.png "拓扑图") + +CloudPSS上该算例采用单线图构建，其拓扑如下。 + +![IEEE39节点算例仿真图](./topo.png "仿真图") + +#### 子系统功能 + +CloudPSS上的IEEE39节点标准系统中，对电机采用了子系统功能进行封装。每个子系统内部的拓扑如下图所示（以30号电机为例），每台电机包含励磁器、调速器、原动机、电力系统稳定器四种控制器模型。 + +![电机子系统内部拓扑图](./sub-topo.png "电机拓扑图") + + +### 模型参数 + +所有电机参数、传输线参数、变压器参数来源于文献^[Luc Gérin-Lajoie. IEEE PES Task Force on Benchmark Systems for Stability Controls[R]. EMTP-RV 39-bus system, Version 1.5 - Mars 04, 2015]。 + +#### 发电机参数 + +发电机原始标幺值参数如下: + +| UnitNo. | RatedPower | H | Ra | x'd | x'q | xd | xq | T'do | T'qo | xl | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 10000 | 5.000 | 0.000 | 0.600 | 0.800 | 2.000 | 1.900 | 7.000 | 0.700 | 0.300 | +| 2 | 1000 | 3.030 | 0.000 | 0.697 | 1.700 | 2.950 | 2.820 | 6.560 | 1.500 | 0.350 | +| 3 | 1000 | 3.580 | 0.000 | 0.531 | 0.876 | 2.495 | 2.370 | 5.700 | 1.500 | 0.304 | +| 4 | 1000 | 2.860 | 0.000 | 0.436 | 1.660 | 2.620 | 2.580 | 5.690 | 1.500 | 0.295 | +| 5 | 600 | 4.333 | 0.000 | 0.792 | 0.996 | 4.020 | 3.720 | 5.400 | 0.440 | 0.324 | +| 6 | 1000 | 3.480 | 0.000 | 0.500 | 0.814 | 2.540 | 2.410 | 7.300 | 0.400 | 0.224 | +| 7 | 1000 | 2.640 | 0.000 | 0.490 | 1.860 | 2.950 | 2.920 | 5.660 | 1.500 | 0.322 | +| 8 | 1000 | 2.430 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.911 | 2.900 | 2.800 | 6.700 | 0.410 | 0.280 | +| 9 | 1000 | 3.450 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.587 | 2.106 | 2.050 | 4.790 | 1.960 | 0.298 | +| 10 | 1000 | 4.200 | 0.000 | 0.310 | 0.080 | 1.000 | 0.690 | 10.200 | 0.000 | 0.125 | + +经过折算后（折算方法见2.2.1），实际使用的发电机参数如下： + +| Bus No. | Rs | Xls | Xd | Xq | Rfd | Rkd | Rkq | Xlfd | Xlkd | Xlkq | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 39 | 0.0002 | 0.3 | 2 | 1.9 | 0.00078 | 0.08842 | 0.07805 | 0.36429 | 0.30000 | 0.16552 | +| 31 | 0.0002 | 0.35 | 2.95 | 2.82 | 0.00121 | 0.08680 | 0.11626 | 0.40044 | 0.26421 | 0.15970 | +| 32 | 0.0002 | 0.304 | 2.495 | 2.37 | 0.00114 | 0.08339 | 0.09828 | 0.25324 | 0.40916 | 0.15710 | +| 33 | 0.0002 | 0.295 | 2.62 | 2.58 | 0.00115 | 0.22949 | 0.10351 | 0.15010 | 0.09017 | 0.05636 | +| 34 | 0.0002 | 0.324 | 4.02 | 3.72 | 0.00208 | 0.03440 | 0.17167 | 0.53585 | 1.07442 | 0.48710 | +| 35 | 0.0002 | 0.224 | 2.54 | 2.41 | 0.00096 | 0.06964 | 0.10510 | 0.31334 | 0.48576 | 0.19141 | +| 36 | 0.0002 | 0.322 | 2.95 | 2.92 | 0.00132 | 0.16917 | 0.11841 | 0.17947 | 0.14560 | 0.08041 | +| 37 | 0.0002 | 0.28 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 0.00117 | 0.07570 | 0.11947 | 0.32609 | 0.41083 | 0.18230 | +| 38 | 0.0002 | 0.298 | 2.106 | 2.05 | 0.00118 | 0.08605 | 0.08481 | 0.32017 | 0.34453 | 0.16644 | +| 30 | 0.0002 | 0.125 | 1 | 0.69 | 0.00029 | 0.09301 | 0.03207 | 0.23460 | 0.38542 | 0.16051 | + +#### 线路参数 + +传输线原始参数如下表。其中，标幺值参数为线路全长参数（潮流计算使用的参数），有名值参数为单位长度参数（根据标幺值参数和基准容量、电压、线路长度折算）。在CloudPSS提供的39节点标准算例中，线路参数采用标幺值的方式录入。 + +以下标么值的线路参数基值选取：电压基值为500kV，功率基值为100MW。 + +| | | R1(pu) | X1(pu) | B1(pu) | km | R1(ohm/km) | X1(ohm/km) | B1(uS/km) | R0(ohm/km) | X0(ohm/km) | B0(uS/km) | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 2 | 0.0035 | 0.0411 | 0.6987 | 275.5 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.015 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.609 | +| 1 | 39 | 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.75 | 167.6 | 0.015 | 0.373 | 1.790 | 0.149 | 1.119 | 1.074 | +| 2 | 3 | 0.0013 | 0.0151 | 0.2572 | 101.2 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.017 | 0.321 | 1.119 | 0.610 | +| 2 | 25 | 0.007 | 0.0086 | 0.146 | 57.6 | 0.304 | 0.373 | 1.013 | 3.036 | 1.119 | 0.608 | +| 3 | 4 | 0.0013 | 0.0213 | 0.2214 | 142.8 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.620 | 0.228 | 1.119 | 0.372 | +| 3 | 18 | 0.0011 | 0.0133 | 0.2138 | 89.1 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 0.959 | 0.308 | 1.119 | 0.576 | +| 4 | 5 | 0.0008 | 0.0128 | 0.1342 | 85.8 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.626 | 0.233 | 1.119 | 0.375 | +| 4 | 14 | 0.0008 | 0.0129 | 0.1382 | 86.5 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.639 | 0.231 | 1.119 | 0.384 | +| 5 | 6 | 0.0002 | 0.0026 | 0.0434 | 17.4 | 0.029 | 0.373 | 0.996 | 0.287 | 1.119 | 0.598 | +| 5 | 8 | 0.0008 | 0.0112 | 0.1476 | 75.1 | 0.027 | 0.373 | 0.786 | 0.266 | 1.119 | 0.472 | +| 6 | 7 | 0.0006 | 0.0092 | 0.113 | 61.7 | 0.024 | 0.373 | 0.733 | 0.243 | 1.119 | 0.440 | +| 6 | 11 | 0.0007 | 0.0082 | 0.1389 | 55.0 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.011 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 7 | 8 | 0.0004 | 0.0046 | 0.078 | 30.8 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.324 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 8 | 9 | 0.0023 | 0.0363 | 0.3804 | 243.3 | 0.024 | 0.373 | 0.625 | 0.236 | 1.119 | 0.375 | +| 9 | 39 | 0.001 | 0.025 | 1.2 | 167.6 | 0.015 | 0.373 | 2.865 | 0.149 | 1.119 | 1.719 | +| 10 | 11 | 0.0004 | 0.0043 | 0.0729 | 28.8 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.347 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 10 | 13 | 0.0004 | 0.0043 | 0.0729 | 28.8 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 1.012 | 0.347 | 1.119 | 0.607 | +| 13 | 14 | 0.0009 | 0.0101 | 0.1723 | 67.7 | 0.033 | 0.373 | 1.018 | 0.332 | 1.119 | 0.611 | +| 14 | 15 | 0.0018 | 0.0217 | 0.366 | 145.4 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 1.007 | 0.309 | 1.119 | 0.604 | +| 15 | 16 | 0.0009 | 0.0094 | 0.171 | 63.0 | 0.036 | 0.373 | 1.086 | 0.357 | 1.119 | 0.651 | +| 16 | 17 | 0.0007 | 0.0089 | 0.1342 | 59.7 | 0.029 | 0.373 | 0.9 | 0.293 | 1.119 | 0.54 | +| 16 | 19 | 0.0016 | 0.0195 | 0.304 | 130.7 | 0.031 | 0.373 | 0.93 | 0.306 | 1.119 | 0.558 | +| 16 | 21 | 0.0008 | 0.0135 | 0.2548 | 90.5 | 0.022 | 0.373 | 1.126 | 0.221 | 1.119 | 0.676 | +| 16 | 24 | 0.0003 | 0.0059 | 0.068 | 39.5 | 0.019 | 0.373 | 0.688 | 0.19 | 1.119 | 0.413 | +| 17 | 18 | 0.0007 | 0.0082 | 0.1319 | 55 | 0.032 | 0.373 | 0.96 | 0.318 | 1.119 | 0.576 | +| 17 | 27 | 0.0013 | 0.0173 | 0.3216 | 116 | 0.028 | 0.373 | 1.109 | 0.28 | 1.119 | 0.666 | +| 21 | 22 | 0.0008 | 0.014 | 0.2565 | 93.8 | 0.021 | 0.373 | 1.093 | 0.213 | 1.119 | 0.656 | +| 22 | 23 | 0.0006 | 0.0096 | 0.1846 | 64.3 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 1.148 | 0.233 | 1.119 | 0.689 | +| 23 | 24 | 0.0022 | 0.035 | 0.361 | 234.6 | 0.023 | 0.373 | 0.616 | 0.234 | 1.119 | 0.369 | +| 25 | 26 | 0.0032 | 0.0323 | 0.513 | 216.5 | 0.037 | 0.373 | 0.948 | 0.37 | 1.119 | 0.569 | +| 26 | 27 | 0.0014 | 0.0147 | 0.2396 | 98.5 | 0.036 | 0.373 | 0.973 | 0.355 | 1.119 | 0.584 | +| 26 | 28 | 0.0043 | 0.0474 | 0.7802 | 317.7 | 0.034 | 0.373 | 0.982 | 0.338 | 1.119 | 0.589 | +| 26 | 29 | 0.0057 | 0.0625 | 1.029 | 418.9 | 0.034 | 0.373 | 0.983 | 0.34 | 1.119 | 0.59 | +| 28 | 29 | 0.0014 | 0.0151 | 0.249 | 101.2 | 0.035 | 0.373 | 0.984 | 0.346 | 1.119 | 0.59 | +#### 变压器参数 + +| | | 额定功率（MVA） | 原边电压等级（kV） | 副边电压等级（kV） | R | X | +| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 11 | 12 | 100 | 500 | 25 | 0.0016 | 0.0435 | +| 13 | 12 | 100 | 500 | 25 | 0.0016 | 0.0435 | +| 6 | 31 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.025 | +| 10 | 32 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.02 | +| 19 | 33 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0007 | 0.0142 | +| 20 | 34 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0009 | 0.018 | +| 22 | 35 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.0143 | +| 23 | 36 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0005 | 0.0272 | +| 25 | 37 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0006 | 0.0232 | +| 2 | 30 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0 | 0.0181 | +| 29 | 38 | 100 | 500 | 20 | 0.0008 | 0.0156 | +| 19 | 20 | 100 | 500 | 500 | 0.0007 | 0.0138 | + +#### 负荷参数 + +| 节点编号 | 有功功率P（MW） | 无功功率Q（MVar）| +| :--- | :--- | :--- | +| 1 | 97.6 | 44.2| +| 3 | 322 | 2.4| +| 4 | 500 | 184| +| 7 | 233.8 | 84| +| 8 | 522 | 176| +| 12 | 8.5 | 88| +| 15 | 320 | 153| +| 16 | 329 | 32.3| +| 18 | 158 | 30| +| 20 | 680 | 103| +| 21 | 274 | 115| +| 23 | 247.5 | 84.6| +| 24 | 308.6 | -92.2| +| 25 | 224 | 47.2| +| 26 | 139 | 17| +| 27 | 281 | 75.5| +| 28 | 206 | 27.6| +| 29 | 283.5 | 26.9| +| 31 | 9.2 | 4.6| +| 39 | 1104 | 250| +#### 励磁调节器参数 + +本算例中采用 IEEE 标准的 EXST1(PTI) 型励磁调节器。具体信息见参考文献^[IEEE Std 421.5™-2005. IEEE Recommended Practice for Excitation System Models for Power System Stability Studies. New York, IEEE, 2005]。在 CloudPSS 中构建的元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![励磁调节器元件图标](./excitation-regulation.png "励磁元件图") + +![励磁调节器原理图](./EXST1_PTI_Inner.png "励磁原理图") + +各个引脚中，Vref、Vs、VT、IT、Ef0、S2M为输入引脚，其中： ++ Ef0引脚应与电机内部量测量#Ef0相连，为Ef的初值。 ++ Ef输出连接电机的Ef端口。 ++ If输入端口连接电机的If输出端口。 ++ Vs连接到PSS的输出，没有PSS时可以输入常数0。 ++ Vref（参考电压）可以连接到同模块输出的参考电压初始值Vref0，也可以直接设为1。 ++ VT，IT为电机端电压和电流的标幺值。 ++ S2M为`Source to Machine信号`。当电机采用Source to Machine启动时，输入模块的S2M信号应与输入电机的S2M信号保持一致。 + +其中参数设置如下： +|||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **RC** | **Xc** | **TR** | **TC** | **TB** | **KF** | **TF** | +| 0 | 0 | 0.01 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 1 | +| **KA** | **TA** | **VRMAX** | **VRMIN** | **KC** | **VIMAX** | **VIMIN** | +| 200 | 0.015 | 5 | -5 | 0 | 0.1 | -0.1 | + +参数说明如下： ++ TA, TB, TC：Voltage regulator time constants [s]电压校准器时间常数 ++ VRMAX, VRMIN：Maximum and minimum regulator output limits [p.u.]电压校准器输出范围 ++ TF：Excitation control system stabilizer time constant [s] 励磁控制系统稳定器时间常数 ++ KF：Excitation control system stabilizer gain [p.u.]励磁控制系统稳定器放大倍数 + +#### 调速器和原动机参数 + +本算例中采用IEEE标准的STEAM_GOV_1型调速器和STEAM_TUR_1型原动机。在CloudPSS中构建的调速器STEAM_GOV_1元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![调速器元件图](./speed-control-element.png "调速器元件图") + +![调速器原理图](./GOV.png "调速器原理图") + +其中参数设置如下： +||||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **DB** | **Kg** | **TSR** | **TSM** | **P_up** | **P_donw** | **Cmax** | **Cmin** | +| 0 | 20 | 0 | 0.075 | 0.6786 | -1 | 0.9 | 0 | + +在CloudPSS中构建的原动机STEAM_TUR_1元件图标以及原理图如下： + +![调速器元件图](./speed-control-element-steam_tur.png "调速器元件图") + +![调速器原理图](./TUR1.png "调速器原理图") + +其中参数设置如下： +||||||| +| :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | :----: | +| **K1** | **K2** | **K3** | **K4** | **K5** | **K6** | +| 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| **K6** | **K8** | **T4** | **T5** | **T6** | **T7** | +| 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 10 | 0.6 | 0 | + +## 仿真 + +CloudPSS的电磁暂态仿真中电气系统的启动可以大体分为两种：`从零启动`以及`从潮流断面直接启动`。具体可以参考[潮流断面启动](../../../../documents/software/20-emtlab/60-power-flow/30-initializing-from-power-flow-results/index.md#潮流断面启动) + +作为演示，这里选择从零启动（即S2M启动）方式，在`运行`标签页下配置`电磁暂态仿真方案`。在仿真方案配置页面，可配置输出窗口，这里选择输出所有10台发电机的功角、转速、端电压标幺值、端电流标幺值，以及37号母线所连电机的三相瞬时电流曲线。 + +点击`启动任务`或按下[[ctrl]]+[[R]]开始仿真。 + +下面展示某次仿真的运行结果，注意在2s-2.1s间，16号母线处发生了三相接地短路故障。 + +所有电机的功角波形如图所示： + +![电机功角](./IEEE39_3.png "电机功角") + +所有电机的转速波形如图所示： + +![电机转速](./IEEE39_4.png "电机转速") + +所有电机的端电压标幺值仿真结果如图所示： + +![电机的端电压标幺值](./IEEE39_5.png "电机的端电压标幺值") + +所有电机的端电流标幺值仿真结果如图所示： + +![电机的端电流标幺值](./IEEE39_6.png "电机的端电流标幺值") + +以37号节点为例，在故障前后处机端电流波形的仿真结果为： + +![机端电流波形](./IEEE39_7.png "机端电流波形") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/speed-control-element-steam_tur.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/50-ieee39/speed-control-element-steam_tur.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2fc0efcd77 Binary files /dev/null and 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emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +直流微电网可更高效可靠地接纳风、光等分布式可再生能源发电系统、储能单元、电动汽车及其他直流用电负荷。本算例提供了包含交流电网、固态变压器、光伏逆变器、储能变流器以及三相交流负载的直流微电网仿真，用以模拟智能楼宇供电系统。 + +本算例中的开关模块(固态变压器、三相H桥变流器、半桥变流器)采用快速开关搜索建模方法。该方法与传统基于插值迭代的开关算法相比，在保留高精确度的同时，极大提高了仿真效率，因而特别适用于微电网、模块化多电平变流器、固态变压器等含有大量电压源变流器的仿真分析。 + +## 模型介绍 +该直流微网模型包含了一个10模块固态变压器(共120个IGBT/二极管组)、一个储能系统(铅蓄电池加半桥变流器)、两个光伏系统(光伏电池加半桥变流器)以及一个带阻感负载的三相逆变器，每一变流系统各自对应一个控制系统。固态变压器采用直流母线电压外环、并网电流内环以及电容电压比值闭环控制。储能系统采用输出端口功率外环加输出电流内环控制。光伏系统采用光伏输入电压环节跟踪MPPT产生的参考信号，其中MPPT采用了定步长扰动观测法。三相逆变器则采用离网VF控制。 + +![直流微网的仿真电路图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`光伏电池1的MPPT使能时间 [s]`为0.2，`光伏电池2的MPPT使能时间 [s]`为0.3，`储能有功控制参考切换时间 [s]`为0.5，`三相负载大小切换时间 [s]`为0.7。配置`电磁暂态仿真方案`，点击`启动任务`，可得到仿真结果如下图所示。 + +![直流母线电压](./DCGrid2.png "仿真结果图") + +可以发现，负载(PV，蓄电池，三相负载)变化时，直流母线基本维持恒定。 + +![入网电流](./DCGrid3.png "仿真结果图") + +入网电流具有较好的正弦度，负载变化时，入网电流跟随变化，响应速度快。 + +![蓄电池功率](./DCGrid4.png "仿真结果图") + +蓄电池功率按照给定参考变化，响应速度快。 + +![光伏电池1输入电压](./DCGrid5.png "仿真结果图") + +![光伏电池2输入电压](./DCGrid6.png "仿真结果图") + +MPPT通过扰动输入电压，使光伏电池输出功率在最大功率点振动。 + +![三相负载电流](./DCGrid7.png "仿真结果图") + +负载电阻变化导致负载电流随之变化，可以看出电流环的响应速度快，电流正弦度高。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..66936d363c Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/60-dc-grid/topo.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/electromagnetic-torque.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/electromagnetic-torque.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b96035d3fb Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/electromagnetic-torque.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..10b36bcb23 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +--- +title: 飞轮储能系统 +description: 飞轮储能系统模板案例 +tags: +- emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + + +## 描述 +飞轮储能系统（Flywheel Energy Storage System，FESS）通常情况下是由飞轮储能、集成驱动的电动机发电机、磁悬浮支撑系统三个部分组成，其工作模式跟化学电池一样，分为充放电两种模式。 + +在充电模式下，飞轮电机在系统中相当于电动机的作用。飞轮与外部供电系统连通，电机启动同时将飞轮带动旋转，飞轮电池进入运行状态。在放电模式下，电机相当于发电机的作用。飞轮与外部用电负载连接，此时发电机开始工作，飞轮电池作为提供能量的电源为设备供电。 + +## 模型介绍 + +飞轮储能系统测试算例主功率拓扑由三相电压源变换器、飞轮电机(永磁同步发动机)以及直流电压源构成。可采用功率电压外环或速度外环控制以及转子电流内环控制。调制器采用传统的正弦脉宽调制，载波频率为10kHz。仿真拓扑如下图所示。 + +![拓扑图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`速度外环切换为功率外环时刻 [s]`为1，`功率参考切换时刻 [s]`为1.2。点击`启动任务`开始仿真计算。 + +转子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转子电流](./rotor-current.png "仿真结果图") + +转子速度的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转子速度](./rotor-speed.png "仿真结果图") + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./electromagnetic-torque.png "仿真结果图") + +输出功率的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![输出功率](./output-power.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真设置，在0\~1s采用速度外环控制。由转子速度仿真结果可知，速度参考先上升后下降，实际转子速度完全跟随速度参考值。转子速度上升时，电磁转矩Te≈-1p.u.，转子速度不变时，电磁转矩Te≈0p.u.，转子速度下降时，电磁转矩Te≈1p.u。1s\~1.5s采用功率外环控制，此时在电压源变流器端口处检测到的功率按照参考值变化。根据输出功率仿真结果图可以看出，功率跟随效果较好。此时转子速度会随着功率变化而变化，主要为：对外释放功率时速度减小，吸收功率时速度增加。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/output-power.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/output-power.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3e09ad0194 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/output-power.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/rotor-current.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/rotor-current.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e9e496f0bd Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/rotor-current.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/rotor-speed.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/70-fess/rotor-speed.png new file mode 100644 index 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b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/electromagnetic-torque.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0279be2ac0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +--- +title: 异步电机矢量控制系统 +description: 异步电机矢量控制系统模板案例 +tags: +- emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +变频调速技术具有调速范围广、调速精度高、动态响应好等优点，使用变频器可以大大提高交流电机转速和力矩的控制精度。 + +本算例基于磁场定向矢量控制方法实现对三相交流异步电机的控制，利用坐标变换将定子电流的励磁分量和转矩分量独立开来，进而实现电机转速和磁链的解耦，分别进行控制。 + + +## 模型介绍 + +异步电机矢量控制测试算例主功率拓扑由三相电压源变换器、三相异步电机以及直流电压源构成，仿真拓扑如下图所示。其中，速度外环的输出为电磁转矩的参考值，经过计算公式后得到内环定子电流的q轴分量参考值。为了控制简单， 以开环方式维持转子磁链为常值，直接根据期望值0.96计算得到内环电流的d轴分量参考值。内环电流控制器采用滞环控制，具有较快的响应速度，但其输出开关波形频率不固定，会导致电流纹波较大。 + +![拓扑图](./asynchronous-motor-topology.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 + +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`机械转矩切换时刻 [s]`为1.5，`速度参考切换时刻 [s]`为2。点击`启动任务`开始仿真计算。 + + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./electromagnetic-torque.png "仿真结果图") + +a相定子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![a相定子电流](./phase-a-stator-current.png "仿真结果图") + +转速的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![转速](./speed.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真结果，转子转速从0 开始向上爬升，此时电磁转矩输出为最大限幅值300N.m，当速度达到稳态后，电磁转矩约等于机械转矩，为100N.m。机械转矩在1.5s发生突变，变化为200N.m。此时机械转矩快速上升达到约200N.m。转子速度保持不变，验证了速度外环的有效性。此后，在2s时刻速度参考下降，电磁转矩减小，并在2.5s保持速度不变，电磁转矩重新达到200N.m。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/phase-a-stator-current.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/phase-a-stator-current.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0514d793f5 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/phase-a-stator-current.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/speed.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/speed.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..56df4a58e5 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/80-dtc/speed.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/DFIG2.png 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a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d5eee1abb2 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +--- +title: 双馈电机控制系统 +description: 双馈电机控制系统模板案例 +tags: +- emtlab +- simstudio +- cases +--- + +## 描述 +双馈电机采用交流电流励磁，与采用直流电流励磁的同步电机相比，励磁电流的可调量除了幅值外，还多了频率和相位，这就使交流励磁双馈电机在性能上更优越。当发电机转速变化时，励磁电流的频率会相应改变，使定子发出电压的频率不变；改变励磁电流的相位，则改变了电网电压和定子电压的相对位置，即改变了发电机的功率角，从而能调节发电机的有功功率和无功功率。 + +本算例为双馈电机控制系统的仿真，其中，励磁调节系统采用为采用平均化建模的背靠背式电压源变流器，双馈电机励磁侧仅支持平均化模型接入。 + +## 模型介绍 + + 双馈电机控制测试算例主功率拓扑由三相交流电压源、三相异步电机以及励磁回路构成，其中励磁回路采用背靠背电压源变流器的平均化模型，仿真拓扑如下图所示。 + +![拓扑图](./topo.png "拓扑图") + +## 仿真 +设定`运行`标签页参数方案列表中的`机械转矩切换时刻 [s]`为2，配置`电磁暂态仿真方案`，点击`启动任务`开始仿真计算。 + +a相定子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![a相定子电流](./DFIG2.png "仿真结果图") + +直流电压的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![直流电压](./DFIG3.png "仿真结果图") + +电磁转矩的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![电磁转矩](./DFIG4.png "仿真结果图") + +a相转子电流的仿真结果如下图所示： + +![a相转子电流](./DFIG5.png "仿真结果图") + +根据仿真结果及仿真设置可知，直流电压的参考值为1.2kV，直流电压维持在参考值保持不变。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8a4c8bdaba Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/90-dfig/topo.png differ diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b6195b763e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: EMTLab 典型案例 + +tags: +- emtlab +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a6dfee3c0c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: EMTLab 研究案例 + +tags: +- emtlab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ff5518dd64 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: EMTLab 第三方案例 + +tags: +- emtlab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/20-emtlab/index.md b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ee593b1535 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/20-emtlab/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: EMTLab +description: EMTLab 案例 + +tags: +- emtlab +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/30-ieslab/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..143eb3aae5 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: IESLab 典型案例 + +tags: +- ieslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/30-ieslab/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bb237ea9a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: IESLab 研究案例 + +tags: +- ieslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/30-ieslab/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..853220e8d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: IESLab 第三方案例 + +tags: +- ieslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/30-ieslab/index.md b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0a7a2162f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/30-ieslab/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: IESLab +description: IESLab 案例 + +tags: +- ieslab +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/40-dslab/10-class-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/40-dslab/10-class-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f492c90ce0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/40-dslab/10-class-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 典型案例 +description: DSLab 典型案例 + +tags: +- dslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/40-dslab/20-study-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/40-dslab/20-study-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..168c98cac7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/40-dslab/20-study-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 研究案例 +description: DSLab 研究案例 + +tags: +- dslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/40-dslab/30-third-cases/index.md b/docs/cases/40-dslab/30-third-cases/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0eb916201d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/40-dslab/30-third-cases/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: 第三方案例 +description: DSLab 第三方案例 + +tags: +- dslab +- cases +- directory + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/40-dslab/index.md b/docs/cases/40-dslab/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bf7882704e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/cases/40-dslab/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: DSLab +description: DSLab 案例 + +tags: +- dslab +- cases +- directory + +--- + +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/cases/index.md b/docs/cases/index.md index 4d7929049f..74c3424fab 100644 --- a/docs/cases/index.md +++ b/docs/cases/index.md @@ -1,7 +1,36 @@ --- -title: 案例 -description: 案例 -sidebar_position: 10 +title: 案例 +description: CloudPSS 案例 +sidebar_position: 0 +tags: +- directory --- -## 建设中，敬请期待！ \ No newline at end of file +import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList'; + + diff --git a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/1.png b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/1.png index d0caf13898..54955b82b6 100644 Binary files a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/1.png and b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/1.png differ diff --git a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/index.md b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/index.md index f1e3b4ffaf..2305bba927 100644 --- a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/index.md +++ b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/40-workbench/20-function-zone/30-scene-tab/30-layout/index.md @@ -22,15 +22,19 @@ tags: #### 大小和位置 -用户可通过 `X` 和 `Y` 来修改控件在cj中的位置，`X` 和 `Y` 是控件左上角顶点的坐标。场景左上角顶点的坐标为 `X = 0`、`Y = 0`。 +用户可通过 `X` 和 `Y` 来修改控件在场景中的位置，`X` 和 `Y` 是控件左上角顶点的坐标。场景左上角顶点的坐标为 `X = 0`、`Y = 0`。 通过**宽度**和**高度**修改控件的大小。 +#### 缩放比例 + +输入缩放比例数值，控件按照比例放大或者缩小，默认为 1 倍大小。 + :::info -- 不建议用户直接通过大小来修改控件尺寸，而是用属性栏>通用样式>缩放比例来修改控件的大小。 +- 不建议用户直接通过大小来修改控件尺寸，而是用缩放比例来修改控件的大小。 ::: -![使用缩放比例修改控件大小](./2.png) + #### 排列 diff --git a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/60-widget-library/60-grid/_common-style.md b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/60-widget-library/60-grid/_common-style.md index f5c2c13d7e..8539e296c0 100644 --- a/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/60-widget-library/60-grid/_common-style.md +++ b/docs/documents/software/10-xstudio/40-appstudio/60-widget-library/60-grid/_common-style.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ | 参数名 | 键值 (key) | 单位 | 备注 | 类型 | 描述 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--: | :--- | :--- | -| 缩放比例 | `$scale` | | 输入控件缩放比例 | 常量 | 输入缩放比例数值，控件按照比例放大或者缩小，默认为 1 倍大小 | -| 是否隐藏 | `hidden` | | 选择是否隐藏控件 | 选择 | 选择**隐藏**或者**显示**，**隐藏**当前控件，或者**显示**当前控件，默认为**显示**状态 | \ No newline at end of file +| 是否隐藏 | `hidden` | | 选择是否隐藏控件 | 选择 | 选择**隐藏**或者**显示**，**隐藏**当前控件，或者**显示**当前控件，默认为**显示**状态 | +| 透明度 | `style/opacity` | | 输入透明度 | 常量 | 输入透明度值，控件按照透明度值变化，范围为0~1 ，默认为 1 | \ No newline at end of file