opt4_6.py

#coding:utf-8
import tensorflow as tf

#1. 定义变量及滑动平均类
#定义一个32位浮点变量，初始值为0.0  这个代码就是不断更新w1参数，优化w1参数，滑动平均做了个w1的影子
w1 = tf.Variable(0, dtype=tf.float32)
#定义num_updates（NN的迭代轮数）,初始值为0，不可被优化（训练），这个参数不训练
global_step = tf.Variable(0, trainable=False)
#实例化滑动平均类，给衰减率为0.99，当前轮数global_step
MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY = 0.99
ema = tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY, global_step)
#ema.apply后的括号里是更新列表，每次运行sess.run（ema_op）时，对更新列表中的元素求滑动平均值。
#在实际应用中会使用tf.trainable_variables()自动将所有待训练的参数汇总为列表
#ema_op = ema.apply([w1])
ema_op = ema.apply(tf.trainable_variables())

#2. 查看不同迭代中变量取值的变化。
with tf.Session() as sess:
    # 初始化
    init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()
    sess.run(init_op)
	#用ema.average(w1)获取w1滑动平均值 （要运行多个节点，作为列表中的元素列出，写在sess.run中）
	#打印出当前参数w1和w1滑动平均值
    print "current global_step:", sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)]) 
    
    # 参数w1的值赋为1
    sess.run(tf.assign(w1, 1))
    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:", sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)]) 
    
    # 更新global_step和w1的值,模拟出轮数为100时，参数w1变为10, 以下代码global_step保持为100，每次执行滑动平均操作，影子值会更新 
    sess.run(tf.assign(global_step, 100))  
    sess.run(tf.assign(w1, 10))
    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:", sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])       
    
    # 每次sess.run会更新一次w1的滑动平均值
    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

    sess.run(ema_op)
    print "current global_step:" , sess.run(global_step)
    print "current w1:", sess.run([w1, ema.average(w1)])

#更改MOVING_AVERAGE_DECAY 为 0.1  看影子追随速度

"""

current global_step: 0
current w1 [0.0, 0.0]
current global_step: 0
current w1 [1.0, 0.9]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 1.6445453]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 2.3281732]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 2.955868]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 3.532206]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 4.061389]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 4.547275]
current global_step: 100
current w1: [10.0, 4.9934072]

"""