diff --git a/markdownlint-cli2.js b/markdownlint-cli2.js
index 18060a8d..ded56451 100755
--- a/markdownlint-cli2.js
+++ b/markdownlint-cli2.js
@@ -98,10 +98,12 @@ const importOrRequireResolve = async (dirOrDirs, id, noRequire) => {
       errors.push(error);
     }
     try {
-      const fileUrlString =
-        pathToFileURL(pathDefault.resolve(dirs[0], expandId)).toString();
+      const isURL = !pathDefault.isAbsolute(expandId) && URL.canParse(expandId);
+      const urlString = (
+        isURL ? new URL(expandId) : pathToFileURL(pathDefault.resolve(dirs[0], expandId))
+      ).toString();
       // eslint-disable-next-line no-inline-comments
-      const module = await import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ fileUrlString);
+      const module = await import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ urlString);
       return module.default;
     } catch (error) {
       errors.push(error);
diff --git a/test/customRules/dir4/.markdownlint-cli2.mjs b/test/customRules/dir4/.markdownlint-cli2.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..524f8fef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/customRules/dir4/.markdownlint-cli2.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// @ts-check
+
+import { sep as sepDefault } from "node:path";
+import { sep as sepPosix } from "node:path/posix";
+
+const options = {
+  "customRules": [
+    (new URL(
+      "../node_modules/markdownlint-rule-sample-module/sample-rule.mjs",
+      import.meta.url
+    )).toString()
+  ]
+};
+
+export default options;
diff --git a/test/customRules/dir4/hr.md b/test/customRules/dir4/hr.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a141621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/customRules/dir4/hr.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# hr
+
+---
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.md b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.md
index 6113a23d..c24fe0f1 100644
--- a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.md
+++ b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.md
@@ -2835,6 +2835,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       dir3/hr.md:3 every-n-lines Rule that reports an error every N lines [Line number 3]␊
       dir3/hr.md:3 sample-rule-commonjs Sample rule (commonjs) [Sample error for hr]␊
       dir3/hr.md:3 sample-rule-module Sample rule (module) [Sample error for hr]␊
+      dir4/hr.md:3 sample-rule-module Sample rule (module) [Sample error for hr]␊
       viewme.md:1 first-line Rule that reports an error for the first line␊
       viewme.md:3 any-blockquote Rule that reports an error for any blockquote [Blockquote spans 1 line(s).] [Context: "> Tagli"]␊
       viewme.md:3 every-n-lines Rule that reports an error every N lines [Line number 3]␊
@@ -2849,8 +2850,8 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       `,
       stdout: `markdownlint-cli2 vX.Y.Z (markdownlint vX.Y.Z)␊
       Finding: **/*.md␊
-      Linting: 8 file(s)␊
-      Summary: 46 error(s)␊
+      Linting: 9 file(s)␊
+      Summary: 47 error(s)␊
       `,
     }
 
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.snap b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.snap
index 4a21066b..ad3f1d97 100644
Binary files a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.snap and b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-exec.js.snap differ
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.md b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.md
index 346a002c..ef0733a2 100644
--- a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.md
+++ b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.md
@@ -2245,7 +2245,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       `,
       stdout: `markdownlint-cli2 vX.Y.Z (markdownlint vX.Y.Z)␊
       Finding: **/*.md␊
-      Linting: 8 file(s)␊
+      Linting: 9 file(s)␊
       Summary: 23 error(s)␊
       `,
     }
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.snap b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.snap
index 8152d7ca..91932d1b 100644
Binary files a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.snap and b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-fs.js.snap differ
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.md b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.md
index 22cb9587..9dd484b5 100644
--- a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.md
+++ b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.md
@@ -2835,6 +2835,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       dir3/hr.md:3 every-n-lines Rule that reports an error every N lines [Line number 3]␊
       dir3/hr.md:3 sample-rule-commonjs Sample rule (commonjs) [Sample error for hr]␊
       dir3/hr.md:3 sample-rule-module Sample rule (module) [Sample error for hr]␊
+      dir4/hr.md:3 sample-rule-module Sample rule (module) [Sample error for hr]␊
       viewme.md:1 first-line Rule that reports an error for the first line␊
       viewme.md:3 any-blockquote Rule that reports an error for any blockquote [Blockquote spans 1 line(s).] [Context: "> Tagli"]␊
       viewme.md:3 every-n-lines Rule that reports an error every N lines [Line number 3]␊
@@ -2849,8 +2850,8 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       `,
       stdout: `markdownlint-cli2 vX.Y.Z (markdownlint vX.Y.Z)␊
       Finding: **/*.md␊
-      Linting: 8 file(s)␊
-      Summary: 46 error(s)␊
+      Linting: 9 file(s)␊
+      Summary: 47 error(s)␊
       `,
     }
 
@@ -5224,7 +5225,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       `,
       stdout: `markdownlint-cli2 vX.Y.Z (markdownlint vX.Y.Z)␊
       Finding: **/*.md␊
-      Linting: 8 file(s)␊
+      Linting: 9 file(s)␊
       Summary: 23 error(s)␊
       `,
     }
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.snap b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.snap
index e88fcf08..8352f63e 100644
Binary files a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.snap and b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-cli2-test-main.js.snap differ