diff --git a/docs/model_docs/parameters_vertical.qmd b/docs/model_docs/parameters_vertical.qmd index c7f7cc4b8..62cc21a9b 100644 --- a/docs/model_docs/parameters_vertical.qmd +++ b/docs/model_docs/parameters_vertical.qmd @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ the `layered` profile, input parameter `kv` is used, and for the `layered_expone | **`whc`** | water holding capacity as fraction of current snow pack | - | 0.1 | | **`w_soil`** | soil temperature smooth factor | - | 0.1125 | | **`cf_soil`** | controls soil infiltration reduction factor when soil is frozen | - | 0.038 | -| **`g_tt`** | threshold temperature for glacier melt | ᵒC | 0.0 | +| **`g_ttm`** | threshold temperature for glacier melt | ᵒC | 0.0 | | **`g_cfmax`** | Degree-day factor for glacier | mm ᵒC$^{-1}$ Δt$^{-1}$| 3.0 mm ᵒC$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$ | | **`g_sifrac`** | fraction of the snowpack on top of the glacier converted into ice | Δt$^{-1}$ | 0.001 day$^{-1}$ | | **`glacierfrac`** | fraction covered by a glacier | - | 0.0 | diff --git a/docs/model_docs/vertical/shared_processes.qmd b/docs/model_docs/vertical/shared_processes.qmd index 18e9dcd28..6019318d7 100644 --- a/docs/model_docs/vertical/shared_processes.qmd +++ b/docs/model_docs/vertical/shared_processes.qmd @@ -17,18 +17,18 @@ parameter `tti` defines how precipitation can occur partly as rain or snowfall. # https://gist.github.com/JoostBuitink/21dd32e71fd1360117fcd1c532c4fd9d#file-snowfall_fig-py # hide --> -If precipitation occurs as snowfall, it is added to the dry snow component -within the snow pack. Otherwise it ends up in the free water reservoir, which represents the -liquid water content of the snow pack. Between the two components of the snow pack, -interactions take place, either through snow melt (if temperatures are above a threshold `tt`) -or through snow refreezing (if temperatures are below threshold `tt`). +If precipitation occurs as snowfall, it is added to the dry snow component within the snow +pack. Otherwise it ends up in the free water reservoir, which represents the liquid water +content of the snow pack. Between the two components of the snow pack, interactions take +place, either through snow melt (if temperatures are above a threshold `ttm`) or through +snow refreezing (if temperatures are below threshold `ttm`). The respective rates of snow melt and refreezing are: $$ \begin{align*} - Q_m &=& \subtext{\mathrm{cf}}{max}(T_a−\mathrm{tt})\, &&T_a > \mathrm{tt} \\ - Q_r &=& \subtext{\mathrm{cf}}{max} \, \mathrm{cf}_r(\mathrm{tt}−T_a) &&T_a < \mathrm{tt} + Q_m &=& \subtext{\mathrm{cf}}{max}(T_a−\mathrm{ttm})\, &&T_a > \mathrm{ttm} \\ + Q_r &=& \subtext{\mathrm{cf}}{max} \, \mathrm{cf}_r(\mathrm{ttm}−T_a) &&T_a < \mathrm{ttm} \end{align*} $$ @@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ into firn/ice (using the HBV-light model) and glacier melt (using a temperature model). The definition of glacier boundaries and initial volume is defined by two parameters. The -parameter `glacierfrac` gives the fraction of each grid cell covered by a glacier as a number -between zero and one. The state parameter `glacierstore` gives the amount of water (in mm w.e.) -within the glaciers at each grid cell. Because the glacier store (`glacierstore`) cannot be -initialized by running thFe model for a couple of years, a default initial state should be -supplied by adding this parameter to the input static file. The required glacier data can be -prepared from available glacier datasets. +parameter `glacierfrac` gives the fraction of each grid cell covered by a glacier as a +number between zero and one. The state parameter `glacierstore` gives the amount of water +(in mm w.e.) within the glaciers at each grid cell. Because the glacier store +(`glacierstore`) cannot be initialized by running the model for a couple of years, a default +initial state should be supplied by adding this parameter to the input static file. The +required glacier data can be prepared from available glacier datasets. First, a fixed fraction of the snowpack on top of the glacier is converted into ice for each timestep and added to the `glacierstore` using the HBV-light model (Seibert et al., 2018). This @@ -74,21 +74,21 @@ fraction `g_sifrac` typically ranges from $0.001$ to $0.006$. Then, when the snowpack on top of the glacier is almost all melted (snow cover $< \SI{10}{mm}$), glacier melt is enabled and estimated with a degree-day model. If the air -temperature, $T_a$, is below a certain threshold `g_tt` ($\SIb{}{\degree C}$) precipitation -occurs as snowfall, whereas it occurs as rainfall if $T_a ≥$ `g_tt`. +temperature, $T_a$, is above a certain threshold `g_ttm` ($\SIb{}{\degree C}$) glacier melt +occurs. With this the rate of glacier melt in mm is estimated as: $$ -Q_m = \subtext{g}{cfmax}(T_a − \subtext{g}{tt})\, ; \, T_a > \subtext{g}{tt} +Q_m = \subtext{g}{cfmax}(T_a − \subtext{g}{ttm})\, ; \, T_a > \subtext{g}{ttm} $$ where $Q_m$ is the rate of glacier melt and $\SIb{\subtext{g}{cfmax}}{mm (\degree -C)^{-1}day^{-1}}$ is the melting factor. Parameter `g_tt` can be taken as equal to the snow -`tt` parameter. Values of the melting factor `g_cfmax` normally varies from one glacier to +C)^{-1}day^{-1}}$ is the melting factor. Parameter `g_ttm` can be taken as equal to the snow +`ttm` parameter. Values of the melting factor `g_cfmax` normally varies from one glacier to another and some values are reported in the literature. `g_cfmax` can also be estimated by -multiplying snow `cfmax` by a factor between 1 and 2, to take into account the higher albedo of -ice compared to snow. +multiplying snow `cfmax` by a factor between 1 and 2, to take into account the higher albedo +of ice compared to snow. ## Rainfall interception Both the Gash and Rutter models are available to estimate rainfall interception by the diff --git a/docs/user_guide/model_config.qmd b/docs/user_guide/model_config.qmd index bb716a1cf..59ac216c1 100644 --- a/docs/user_guide/model_config.qmd +++ b/docs/user_guide/model_config.qmd @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ water_holding_capacity = "WHC" glacierstore = "wflow_glacierstore" glacierfrac = "wflow_glacierfrac" g_cfmax = "G_Cfmax" -g_tt = "G_TT" +g_ttm = "G_TT" g_sifrac = "G_SIfrac" [state.vertical]