From fec8f630caddad0b1e6f563f81978b54d17834a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Victor A. P. Magri" Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2024 15:16:23 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Update scaling figure --- src/docs/JOSS/nearwell_scaling_frontier.pdf | Bin 0 -> 23973 bytes src/docs/JOSS/paper.md | 16 ++++++++-------- 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/docs/JOSS/nearwell_scaling_frontier.pdf diff --git a/src/docs/JOSS/nearwell_scaling_frontier.pdf b/src/docs/JOSS/nearwell_scaling_frontier.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..411f9443ce91d83968dee7b2eb241121055a0e76 GIT binary patch literal 23973 zcmdtK1yogC)F=u93WtzJ1?12na2hyDHv)o$fPi%OAtY2n=?;-@MNt|7B@_hdFz62H z5Caep?mnpBXPo;!$9?}D#awgEHEZoXIn`z51z>_m5a**&@WZDd7#Iq6 zGPMPXih?0pUd|R^h>VGwiM^8*7@}@sW#I~j0~IvD;^H6+M{{gNk)ImKJ2|?65r-8Z zx@xAj7G`c>;cq|XJlzyD-Avppz{qa^brUx?3ydQeh5ZSFXj+??+c;W*g}y(=@H{DNWY{Y(k$ z;~%6`v2e6`JRZUB6Yl zz|Lf#)z5xr**c<-T%qJjgwUq(wHOP37sW)W!Ik~puVtCq0;)Y^iU>+pbt@emof}`Y zFNvpc_XzIa@VT)u)AnXF^-fp(m!-XX*_&7QYHb{L&)pEOe48;juWIJv-WSsmVI;U~ z6mWIBkK$mzA6cBrZDjVIJSYvR8u4;u&{9Z6Hg4nEr=b{KYQd&EcL(RK<1Pq`iWy#g z^UUr}{Mq#p@VH_a2h8l~9au6QYpTfOb;$5Rg>Qvgy~k5Q>)_1jF11482b?cfdvuqJ z3sFbJ>^L;wN$oXSHc;jK+bBpX!)nb2UB5cvjTfmq9r04bwRZ2hESF77u7D#~b#`<( zBTpO0#N%CuCm_V*A}?MPe`cGJA*5EHn<(wG^R&Euu~>cnqP3A2ray1K__RcjM*f8G zM1~OLX&^HNoH{GsehyTow__Yb6;Hz7eK(E0!i>gVrQw}+r}M`?cGIg`od!qGHZ-rC z=>=`v%s!f%M2n8A>dzOFt00gpw_9_sEYewXN&v_2IKX$W5{B6 zC3xL2$~G@Oy1ULEnf5tqnj67C0NLhaHC6` zpONGW%}hl_9}|j?95*xS^X&ZK^PGLk0dT7D6mq#_DtNeETaz4SgNcgCMZ_9zpBbLX_0Ji&aN z4wOD9mfVgRM}!{3WBE?ANA;|@E6-@RxSsYW8R@iwF z_Y6N4;XTKYOwB1IQiU!khG^h7M!+tox?Q7M)M$Sh_gS{i{i?ynu5fy@?^Br`%hd<| zbhh0WUf$`<{pb>t8HDQr?dlUl(Va-3Wp`s zF@|duZ>+6ik10gARYh~nunDFS6xDQ+7e6SaNAt-`K&$pXDKPXpnculNoij2><5|)z za7;kfUf1~yPuY<^`q9SF4qI(K=QC&1n(*5`1n85|#w(JsS9x6CNFPnfwC~Rt?JT^g z{pjWK-HE~>78;*rT{hYg@w6^$-J>l!|OFKJi3)D2N)Q>3Y}Q!j+^OAA3Mujr`A<= zW8@`T;8XRPo&suqhPO-N-Vg6i7}vCfCnzo@EcE4;>qL*tGt56r|GKfccTXiKXw72i zphD)L+(hG&8H4)RDBE&`pKcl-v+|d`i!g<;0j)P(!UV_mWe<9LE3_-;>zQIaj4!0! 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Given the 2050 net-zero GHG goals, CO~2~ storage capacities required to offset emissions is orders of magnitude greater than current levels [@IPCC_2023]. The ability to evaluate the reservoir performance and containment risks associated with the injection of liquefied CO~2~ in the subsurface in a reproducible and transparent manner is an important consideration when evaluating new storage sites. -The primary goal of GEOS is to provide the global community with an open-source tool that is capable of simulating the complex coupled physics that occurs when liquefied CO~2~ is injected into a subsurface reservoir. +The primary goal of GEOS is to provide the global community with an open-source tool that is capable of simulating the complex coupled physics that occurs when liquefied CO~2~ is injected into a subsurface reservoir. To this end, GEOS is freely available and focused on the simulation of reservoir integrity through various failure mechanisms such as caprock failure, fault leakage, and wellbore failure. -# GEOS Components +# GEOS Components -The core C++17 infrastructure provides common computer science capabilities typically required for solving differential equations using a spatially discrete method. +The core C++17 infrastructure provides common computer science capabilities typically required for solving differential equations using a spatially discrete method. The components of the infrastructure provided by GEOS include a data hierarchy, a discrete mesh data structure, a mesh based MPI communications interface, degree-of-freedom management, IO services, and a physics package interface. By design, GEOS is intended to be a generic multi-physics simulation platform. The physics package interface in GEOS is intended to encapsulate the development of numerical methods applied to the solution of governing equations relevant to a problem. -When implementing a physics package for a set of coupled physics equations, each individual physics package is first developed as a stand-alone capability. -The single physics capabilities are then applied together in a coupled physics package and solved through a flexible strategy ranging from solving the fully monolithic system, to a split operator approach. +When implementing a physics package for a set of coupled physics equations, each individual physics package is first developed as a stand-alone capability. +The single physics capabilities are then applied together in a coupled physics package and solved through a flexible strategy ranging from solving the fully monolithic system, to a split operator approach. To solve the linear systems that arise from the boundary value problem, GEOS maintains a generic linear algebra interface (LAI) capable of wrapping various linear algebra packages such as hypre [@hypre], PETSc[@petsc-web-page], and Trilinos[@Her_etal05]. Currently, in GEOS only the hypre interaface is actively maintained. @@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ Simulations such as this will play a critical role in predicting the viability o As an example of the weak scalability of GEOS on exascale systems, we present two weak scaling studies on a simple wellbore geometry using the exascale Frontier supercomputer located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The results from the weak scaling study (Figure \ref{fig:Frontier_scaling}a) shows flat scaling of the GEOS processes (assembly/field synchronization) up to 16,384 MPI ranks and 81.3e9 degrees-of-freedom (1/4 of Frontier). There is a moderate decrease in efficiency with the application of the hypre preconditioner setup and solve, but given the complexity of those algorithms this level of scaling efficiency is excellent. -The compositional flow study presented in Figure \ref{fig:Frontier_scaling}b shows similarly good weak scaling. +The compositional flow study presented in Figure \ref{fig:Frontier_scaling}b shows similarly good weak scaling. -![Weak scaling results on ORNL/Frontier: execution time per timestep vs number of cluster ranks for a mechanics (a) and a compositional flow (b) simulation, respectively.\label{fig:Frontier_scaling}](GEOS_Frontier_scaling.pdf){ width=100% } +![Weak scaling results on ORNL/Frontier: average execution time per newton iteration vs number of GPUs for a mechanics (a) and a compositional flow (b) simulation, respectively.\label{fig:Frontier_scaling}](nearwell_scaling_frontier.pdf){ width=100% } # Acknowledgements This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL release number LLNL-JRNL-864747.