diff --git a/src/load_abc.cpp b/src/load_abc.cpp
index b45f972f..93acb138 100644
--- a/src/load_abc.cpp
+++ b/src/load_abc.cpp
@@ -260,13 +260,13 @@ static uint32_t abc_pattracktime(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t tracktime);
 static int abc_patno(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t tracktime);
 
 
-static int abc_isvalidchar(char c) {
+static int abc_isvalidchar(unsigned char c) {
 	return(isalpha(c) || isdigit(c) || isspace(c) || c == '%' || c == ':');
 }
 #if 0
 static const char *abc_skipspace(const char *p)
 {
-	while (*p && isspace(*p))
+	while (*p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)))
 		p++;
 	return p;
 }
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ static const char *abc_skipspace(const char *p)
 static void abc_extractkeyvalue(char *key, size_t key_max,
 								char *value, size_t value_max, const char *src)
 {
-	while (*src && isspace(*src))
+	while (*src && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*src)))
 		src++;
 
 	size_t key_size;
@@ -286,17 +286,17 @@ static void abc_extractkeyvalue(char *key, size_t key_max,
 		}
 		key[key_size++] = *src++;
 	}
-	while (key_size > 0 && isspace(key[key_size - 1]))
+	while (key_size > 0 && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(key[key_size - 1])))
 		key_size--;
 	key[key_size] = '\0';
 
-	while (*src && isspace(*src))
+	while (*src && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*src)))
 		src++;
 
 	size_t value_size;
 	for (value_size = 0; value_size < value_max - 1 && *src;)
 		value[value_size++] = *src++;
-	while (value_size > 0 && isspace(value[value_size - 1]))
+	while (value_size > 0 && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(value[value_size - 1])))
 		value_size--;
 	value[value_size] = '\0';
 
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ static void abc_dumptracks(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
 					nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[chordnote]];
 					nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[chordnote]];
 					nn[2] = '\0';
-					if( isspace(nn[1]) ) nn[1] = '\0';
+					if( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(nn[1])) ) nn[1] = '\0';
 					printf("CMD %c: gchord %s%s",
 					       (char)(e->cmd), nn, chordname[e->par[chordnum]]);
 					if( e->par[chordbase] != e->par[chordnote] ) {
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ static void abc_new_umacro(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *m)
 	ABCMACRO *retval, *mp;
 	char key[256], value[256];
 	abc_extractkeyvalue(key, sizeof(key), value, sizeof(value), m);
-	if( strlen(key) > 1 || strchr("~HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY",toupper(key[0])) == 0 ) return;
+	if( strlen(key) > 1 || strchr("~HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY",toupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(key[0]))) == 0 ) return;
 	while( char *q = strchr(key, '!') )
 		*q = '+'; // translate oldstyle to newstyle
 	if( !strcmp(key,"+nil+") ) { // delete a macro
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ static ABCTRACK *abc_locate_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos)
 	char vc[21];
 	int i, trans=0, voiceno=0, instrno = 1, channo = 0;
 	for( ; *voice == ' '; voice++ ) ;	// skip leading spaces
-	for( i=0; i+1 < (int) sizeof(vc) && *voice && *voice != ']' && *voice != '%' && !isspace(*voice); voice++ )	// can work with inline voice instructions
+	for( i=0; i+1 < (int) sizeof(vc) && *voice && *voice != ']' && *voice != '%' && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*voice)); voice++ )	// can work with inline voice instructions
 		vc[i++] = *voice;
 	vc[i] = '\0';
 	prev = NULL;
@@ -1250,32 +1250,32 @@ static int abc_add_noteon(ABCHANDLE *h, int ch, const char *p, uint32_t tracktim
 	switch(ch) {
 		case '^':
 			if( p[0] == '^' ) {
-				n = p[1];
+				n = static_cast<unsigned char>(p[1]);
 				i = 2;
 				ch = 'x';
 			}
 			else {
-				n = p[0];
+				n = static_cast<unsigned char>(p[0]);
 				i = 1;
 			}
 			break;
 		case '_':
 			if( p[0] == '_' ) {
-				n = p[1];
+				n = static_cast<unsigned char>(p[1]);
 				i = 2;
 				ch = 'b';
 			}
 			else {
-				n = p[0];
+				n = static_cast<unsigned char>(p[0]);
 				i = 1;
 			}
 			break;
 		case '=':
-			n = p[0];
+			n = static_cast<unsigned char>(p[0]);
 			i = 1;
 			break;
 		default:
-			n = ch;
+			n = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
 			i = 0;
 			break;
 	}
@@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@ static int abc_add_noteon(ABCHANDLE *h, int ch, const char *p, uint32_t tracktim
 	}
 	else
 		d[note] = 0; // someone has doen ^X3 or something like it...
-	while( p[i] && strchr(",'",p[i]) ) {
+	while( p[i] && strchr(",'",static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 		if( p[i]==',' ) oct--;
 		else oct++;
 		i++;
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ static int abc_add_noteon(ABCHANDLE *h, int ch, const char *p, uint32_t tracktim
 			}
 		}
 		tp->tienote->tiednote = 1; // mark him for the pattern writers
-		for( j=i; isdigit(p[j]) || p[j]=='/'; j++ ) ; // look ahead to see if this one is tied too
+		for( j=i; isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[j])) || p[j]=='/'; j++ ) ; // look ahead to see if this one is tied too
 		if( p[j] != '-' ) // is this note tied too?
 			tp->tienote = NULL; // if not the tie ends here...
 		return i;
@@ -1603,7 +1603,7 @@ static int abc_getnumber(const char *p, int *number)
 	int i,h;
 	i = 0;
 	h = 0;
-	while( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
+	while( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 		if (i < 9)
 			h = 10 * h + p[i] - '0';
 		i++;
@@ -1619,7 +1619,7 @@ static int abc_getexpr(const char *p, int *number)
 {
 	int i, term, total;
 	i = 0;
-	while( isspace(p[i]) )
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) )
 		i++;
 	if( p[i] == '(' ) {
 		i += abc_getexpr(p+i+1, number);
@@ -1628,12 +1628,12 @@ static int abc_getexpr(const char *p, int *number)
 		return i;
 		}
 	i += abc_getnumber(p+i, &total);
-	while( isspace(p[i]) )
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) )
 		i++;
 	while( p[i] == '+' ) {
 		i += 1 + abc_getexpr(p+i+1, &term);
 		total += term;
-		while( isspace(p[i]) )
+		while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) )
 			i++;
 	}
 	*number = total;
@@ -1649,7 +1649,7 @@ static int abc_notelen(const char *p, int *len, int *div)
 		h *= 2;
 		i++;
 	}
-	if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
+	if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 		h /= 2;
 		i += abc_getnumber(p+i,&k);
 	}
@@ -1738,7 +1738,7 @@ static int abc_extract_tempo(const char *p, int invoice)
 				case '=':
 					break;
 				default:
-					if( isdigit(*q) ) {
+					if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*q)) ) {
 						if( state ) {
 							q+=abc_getnumber(q,&nd1)-1;
 							state = 0;
@@ -1812,10 +1812,10 @@ static void	abc_set_parts(char **d, char *p)
 	j=0;
 	k=0;
 	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '%'; i++ ) {
-		if( isupper(p[i]) ) {
+		if( isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 			j++;
 		}
-		if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 			n=abc_getnumber(p+i, &k);
 			if( k == 0 )
 				k = 1;
@@ -1833,7 +1833,7 @@ static void	abc_set_parts(char **d, char *p)
 	// now copy bytes from p to *d, taking parens and digits in account
 	j = 0;
 	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '%' && j < size && i < (int)size; i++ ) {
-		if( isdigit(p[i]) || isupper(p[i]) || p[i] == '(' || p[i] == ')' ) {
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) || isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) || p[i] == '(' || p[i] == ')' ) {
 			if( p[i] == ')' ) {
 				for( n=j; n > 0 && q[n-1] != '('; n-- )	;	// find open paren in q
 				// q[n+1] to q[j] contains the substring that must be repeated
@@ -1856,7 +1856,7 @@ static void	abc_set_parts(char **d, char *p)
 				}
 				continue;
 			}
-			if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
+			if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[i])) ) {
 				n = abc_getnumber(p+i,&k);
 				i += n - 1;
 				// if nothing is ready to 'repeat', skip it.
@@ -2243,7 +2243,7 @@ static void abc_preprocess(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCMACRO *m)
 			char *p = s;
 			for( j=0; j<l; j++ ) {
 				a = m->subst[j];
-				if( a > 'g' && islower(a) ) {
+				if( a > 'g' && islower(static_cast<unsigned char>(a)) ) {
 					b = a - 'n';
 					a = "CDEFGABCDEFGABcdefgabcdefgabcdefgab"[i+b+7];
 					*p++ = a;
@@ -2339,11 +2339,11 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::TestABC(const BYTE *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 		}
 		if(id[0]=='K'
 			&& id[1]==':'
-			&& (isalpha(id[2]) || isspace(id[2])) ) return 1;
+			&& (isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(id[2])) || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(id[2]))) ) return 1;
 		// disable binary error if have any "tag"
 		if((id[0]>='A' && id[0]<='Z')
 			&& id[1]==':'
-			&& (isalpha(id[2]) || isspace(id[2])) ) hasText = 1;
+			&& (isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(id[2])) || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(id[2]))) ) hasText = 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2351,7 +2351,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::TestABC(const BYTE *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 // =====================================================================================
 static ABCHANDLE *ABC_Init(void)
 {
-	static char buf[40];
+	static char buf[43];
 	ABCHANDLE   *retval;
 	char *p;
 	retval = (ABCHANDLE *)calloc(1,sizeof(ABCHANDLE));
@@ -2367,7 +2367,7 @@ static ABCHANDLE *ABC_Init(void)
 	retval->barticks    = 0;
 	p = getenv(ABC_ENV_NORANDOMPICK);
 	if( p ) {
-		if( isdigit(*p) )
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) )
 			retval->pickrandom = atoi(p);
 		if( *p == '-' ) {
 			retval->pickrandom = atoi(p+1)-1; // xmms preloads the file
@@ -2652,12 +2652,12 @@ static int ABC_Key(const char *p)
 	int i,j;
 	char c[8];
 	const char *q;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	q = p;
 	memset(c, 0, 8);
 	for( i=0; i<8 && *p && *p != ']'; p++ ) {
-		if( isspace(*p) ) {
-			while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+		if( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
+			while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 			if( strncasecmp(p, "min", 3) && strncasecmp(p, "maj", 3) )
 				break;
 		}
@@ -2687,9 +2687,9 @@ static int ABC_Key(const char *p)
 
 static char *abc_skip_word(char *p)
 {
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
-	while( *p && !isspace(*p) && *p != ']') p++;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
+	while( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && *p != ']') p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	return p;
 }
 
@@ -2798,7 +2798,7 @@ static void abc_setup_chordnames()
 static int abc_MIDI_getnumber(const char *p)
 {
 	int n;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	abc_getnumber(p, &n);
 	if( n < 0 )   n = 0;
 	if( n > 127 ) n = 127;
@@ -2808,7 +2808,7 @@ static int abc_MIDI_getnumber(const char *p)
 static int abc_MIDI_getprog(const char *p)
 {
 	int n;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	abc_getnumber(p, &n);
 	if( n < 1 )   n = 1;
 	if( n > 128 ) n = 128;
@@ -2819,32 +2819,32 @@ static int abc_MIDI_getprog(const char *p)
 static void abc_MIDI_drone(const char *p, int *gm, int *ptch, int *vol)
 {
 	int i;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 	i++;	// adjust for 1..128
 	if( i>0 && i < 129 )
 		*gm = i;
 	else
 		*gm = 71;	// bassoon
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 	if( i>0 && i < 127 )
 		ptch[0] = i;
 	else
 		ptch[0] = 45;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 	if( i>0 && i < 127 )
 		ptch[1] = i;
 	else
 		ptch[1] = 33;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 	if( i>0 && i < 127 )
 		vol[0] = i;
 	else
 		vol[0] = 80;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 	if( i>0 && i < 127 )
 		vol[1] = i;
@@ -2869,8 +2869,8 @@ static void abc_MIDI_channel(const char *p, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCHANDLE *h)
 {
 	int i1, i2;
 	i1 = tp? tp->vno: 1;
-	for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-	if( isdigit(*p) ) {
+	for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+	if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 		p += abc_getnumber(p, &i2);
 		if( i2 >= 1 && i2 <= 16 )
 			abc_chan_to_tracks(h, i1, i2); // we start at 1
@@ -2894,11 +2894,11 @@ static void abc_MIDI_program(const char *p, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCHANDLE *h)
 {
 	int i1, i2;
 	i1 = tp? tp->vno: 1;
-	for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-	if( isdigit(*p) ) {
+	for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+	if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 		p += abc_getnumber(p, &i2);
-		for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-		if( isdigit(*p) ) {
+		for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 			i1 = i2;
 			abc_getnumber(p, &i2);
 		}
@@ -2919,25 +2919,25 @@ static void abc_mute_voice(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, int m)
 static void abc_MIDI_voice(const char *p, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCHANDLE *h)
 {
 	int i1, i2;
-	for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+	for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 	if( strncmp(p,"instrument=",11) && strncmp(p,"mute",4) ) {
 		tp = abc_locate_track(h, p, 0);
-		for( ; *p && !isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-		for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+		for( ; *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+		for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 	}
 	i1 = tp? tp->vno: 1;
 	i2 = 0;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"instrument=",11) && isdigit(p[11]) ) {
+	if( !strncmp(p,"instrument=",11) && isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[11])) ) {
 		p += 11;
 		p += abc_getnumber(p, &i2);
-		for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-		if( !strncmp(p,"bank=",5) && isdigit(p[5]) ) {
-			for( ; *p && !isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-			for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+		for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+		if( !strncmp(p,"bank=",5) && isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[5])) ) {
+			for( ; *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+			for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 		}
 	}
 	if( tp ) abc_mute_voice(h,tp,0);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"mute",4) && (p[4]=='\0' || p[4]=='%' || isspace(p[4])) ) {
+	if( !strncmp(p,"mute",4) && (p[4]=='\0' || p[4]=='%' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[4]))) ) {
 		if( tp ) abc_mute_voice(h,tp,1);
 	}
 	abc_instr_to_tracks(h, i1, i2); // starts already at 1 (draft 4.0)
@@ -2949,7 +2949,7 @@ static void abc_MIDI_chordname(const char *p)
 	char name[20];
 	int i;
 
-	for(; *p && isspace(*p); p++)
+	for(; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++)
 		;
 	i = 0;
 	while ((i < 19) && (*p != ' ') && (*p != '\0')) {
@@ -2965,8 +2965,8 @@ static void abc_MIDI_chordname(const char *p)
 		int notes[6];
 		i = 0;
 		memset(notes, 0, sizeof(notes));
-		while ((i < 6) && isspace(*p)) {
-			for(; *p && isspace(*p); p++)
+		while ((i < 6) && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p))) {
+			for(; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++)
 				;
 			p += abc_getnumber(p, &notes[i]);
 			i = i + 1;
@@ -2981,21 +2981,21 @@ static int abc_MIDI_drum(const char *p, ABCHANDLE *h)
 {
 	char *q;
 	int i, n, m, len;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"on",2) && (isspace(p[2]) || p[2] == '\0') ) return 2;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"off",3) && (isspace(p[3]) || p[3] == '\0') ) return 1;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"on",2) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) || p[2] == '\0') ) return 2;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"off",3) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[3])) || p[3] == '\0') ) return 1;
 	n = 0; len = 0;
-	for( q = h->drum; *p && !isspace(*p); p++ ) {
+	for( q = h->drum; *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) {
 		if( !strchr("dz0123456789",*p) ) break;
 		*q++ = *p; len++;
-		if( !isdigit(*p) && len < (int)sizeof(h->drum)-1 ) {
-			if( !isdigit(p[1]) ) { *q++ = '1'; len ++; }
+		if( !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && len < (int)sizeof(h->drum)-1 ) {
+			if( !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[1])) ) { *q++ = '1'; len ++; }
 			n++; // count the silences too....
 		}
 		if (len >= (int)sizeof(h->drum)-1) {
 			// consume the rest of the input
 			// definitely enough "drum last state" stored.
-			while ( *p && !isspace(*p) ) p++;
+			while ( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -3003,10 +3003,10 @@ static int abc_MIDI_drum(const char *p, ABCHANDLE *h)
 	q = h->drumins;
 	for( i = 0; i<n; i++ ) {
 		if( h->drum[i*2] == 'd' ) {
-			while( *p && isspace(*p) ) p++;
-			if( !isdigit(*p) ) {
+			while( *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
+			if( !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 				m = 0;
-				while( *p && !isspace(*p) ) p++;
+				while( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 			}
 			else
 				p += abc_getnumber(p,&m);
@@ -3017,10 +3017,10 @@ static int abc_MIDI_drum(const char *p, ABCHANDLE *h)
 	q = h->drumvol;
 	for( i = 0; i<n; i++ ) {
 		if( h->drum[i*2] == 'd' ) {
-			while( *p && isspace(*p) ) p++;
-			if( !isdigit(*p) ) {
+			while( *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
+			if( !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 				m = 0;
-				while( *p && !isspace(*p) ) p++;
+				while( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 			}
 			else
 				p += abc_getnumber(p,&m);
@@ -3036,17 +3036,17 @@ static int abc_MIDI_gchord(const char *p, ABCHANDLE *h)
 {
 	char *q;
 	int len = 0;
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"on",2) && (isspace(p[2]) || p[2] == '\0') ) return 2;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"off",3) && (isspace(p[3]) || p[3] == '\0') ) return 1;
-	for( q = h->gchord; *p && !isspace(*p); p++ ) {
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"on",2) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) || p[2] == '\0') ) return 2;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"off",3) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[3])) || p[3] == '\0') ) return 1;
+	for( q = h->gchord; *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) {
 		if( !strchr("fbcz0123456789ghijGHIJ",*p) ) break;
 		*q++ = *p; len++;
-		if( !isdigit(*p) && len < (int)sizeof(h->gchord)-1 && !isdigit(p[1]) ) { *q++ = '1'; len ++; }
+		if( !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && len < (int)sizeof(h->gchord)-1 && !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[1])) ) { *q++ = '1'; len ++; }
 		if (len >= (int)sizeof(h->gchord)-1) {
 			// consume the rest of the input
 			// definitely enough "drum last state" stored.
-			while ( *p && !isspace(*p) ) p++;
+			while ( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -3099,7 +3099,7 @@ static void abc_metric_gchord(ABCHANDLE *h, int mlen, int mdiv)
 
 static void abc_MIDI_legato(const char *p, ABCTRACK *tp)
 {
-	for( ; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+	for( ; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 	if( !strncmp(p,"off",3) ) tp->legato = 0;
 	else tp->legato = 1;
 }
@@ -3130,7 +3130,7 @@ static int abc_drum_steps(const char *dch)
 	const char *p;
 	int i=0;
 	for( p=dch; *p; p++ ) {
-		if( isdigit(*p) ) i += *p - '0';;
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) i += *p - '0';;
 	}
 	return i;
 }
@@ -3185,7 +3185,7 @@ static int abc_gchord_steps(const char *gch)
 	const char *p;
 	int i=0;
 	for( p=gch; *p; p++ )
-		if( isdigit(*p) ) i += *p - '0';
+		if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) i += *p - '0';
 	return i;
 }
 
@@ -3231,7 +3231,7 @@ static void abc_add_gchord(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t tracktime, uint32_t bartime)
 	stime = (tracktime - etime) * steps;
 	rtime = 0;
 	while( rtime < stime ) {
-		gnote = h->gchord[2*g];
+		gnote = static_cast<unsigned char>(h->gchord[2*g]);
 		glen  = h->gchord[2*g+1] - '0';
 		if( ++g == gsteps ) g = 0;
 		switch(gnote) {
@@ -3313,7 +3313,7 @@ static void abc_MIDI_beat(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
 	h->beat[2] = 110;
 	h->beat[3] = 1;
 	for( j=0; j<4; j++ ) {
-		while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+		while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 		if( *p ) {
 			p += abc_getnumber(p, &i);
 			if( i < 0   ) i = 0;
@@ -3336,7 +3336,7 @@ static void abc_MIDI_beat(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
 // %%MIDI beatstring fppmpmp
 static void abc_MIDI_beatstring(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
 {
-	while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+	while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 	if( h->beatstring ) _mm_free(h->allochandle, h->beatstring);
 	if( strlen(p) )
 		h->beatstring = DupStr(h->allochandle,p,strlen(p)+1);
@@ -3483,47 +3483,47 @@ static void abc_recalculate_tracktime(ABCHANDLE *h) {
 static void abc_MIDI_command(ABCHANDLE *h, char *p, char delim) {
 	int t;
 	// interpret some of the possibilitys
-	if( !strncmp(p,"bassprog",8)    && isspace(p[8]) ) h->abcbassprog = abc_MIDI_getprog(p+8)+1;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"bassvol",7)     && isspace(p[7]) ) h->abcbassvol = abc_MIDI_getnumber(p+7);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"beat",4)        && isspace(p[4]) ) abc_MIDI_beat(h, p+4);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"beatstring",10) && isspace(p[10]) ) abc_MIDI_beatstring(h, p+4);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"chordname",9)   && isspace(p[9]) ) abc_MIDI_chordname(p+9);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"chordprog",9)   && isspace(p[9]) ) h->abcchordprog = abc_MIDI_getprog(p+9)+1;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"chordvol",8)    && isspace(p[8]) ) h->abcchordvol = abc_MIDI_getnumber(p+8);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"drone",5)       && isspace(p[5]) ) abc_MIDI_drone(p+5, &h->dronegm, h->dronepitch, h->dronevol);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"droneoff",8)    && (p[8]=='\0' || p[8]==delim || isspace(p[8])) ) h->droneon = 0;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"droneon",7)     && (p[7]=='\0' || p[7]==delim || isspace(p[7])) ) h->droneon = 1;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"bassprog",8)    && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[8])) ) h->abcbassprog = abc_MIDI_getprog(p+8)+1;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"bassvol",7)     && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[7])) ) h->abcbassvol = abc_MIDI_getnumber(p+7);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"beat",4)        && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[4])) ) abc_MIDI_beat(h, p+4);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"beatstring",10) && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[10])) ) abc_MIDI_beatstring(h, p+4);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"chordname",9)   && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[9])) ) abc_MIDI_chordname(p+9);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"chordprog",9)   && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[9])) ) h->abcchordprog = abc_MIDI_getprog(p+9)+1;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"chordvol",8)    && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[8])) ) h->abcchordvol = abc_MIDI_getnumber(p+8);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"drone",5)       && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[5])) ) abc_MIDI_drone(p+5, &h->dronegm, h->dronepitch, h->dronevol);
+	if( !strncmp(p,"droneoff",8)    && (p[8]=='\0' || p[8]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[8]))) ) h->droneon = 0;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"droneon",7)     && (p[7]=='\0' || p[7]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[7]))) ) h->droneon = 1;
 	t = h->drumon;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"drum",4)        && isspace(p[4]) ) {
+	if( !strncmp(p,"drum",4)        && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[4])) ) {
 		h->drumon = abc_MIDI_drum(p+4, h);
 		if( h->drumon ) --h->drumon;
 		else h->drumon = t;
 	}
-	if( !strncmp(p,"drumoff",7)     && (p[7]=='\0' || p[7]==delim || isspace(p[7])) ) h->drumon = 0;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"drumon",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(p[6])) ) h->drumon = 1;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"drumoff",7)     && (p[7]=='\0' || p[7]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[7]))) ) h->drumon = 0;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"drumon",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[6]))) ) h->drumon = 1;
 	if( t != h->drumon ) {
 		if( h->drumon && !h->tpr ) h->tpr = h->track;
 		if( h->tpr ) abc_add_drum_sync(h, h->tpr, h->tracktime); // don't start drumming from the beginning of time!
 		if( h->tpr && !h->drumon ) h->tpr = NULL;
 	}
 	t = h->gchordon;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"gchord",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(p[6])) ) {
+	if( !strncmp(p,"gchord",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[6]))) ) {
 		h->gchordon = abc_MIDI_gchord(p+6, h);
 		if( h->gchordon ) --h->gchordon;
 		else h->gchordon = t;
 	}
-	if( !strncmp(p,"gchordoff",9)   && (p[9]=='\0' || p[9]==delim || isspace(p[9])) ) h->gchordon = 0;
-	if( !strncmp(p,"gchordon",8)    && (p[8]=='\0' || p[8]==delim || isspace(p[8])) ) h->gchordon = 1;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"gchordoff",9)   && (p[9]=='\0' || p[9]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[9]))) ) h->gchordon = 0;
+	if( !strncmp(p,"gchordon",8)    && (p[8]=='\0' || p[8]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[8]))) ) h->gchordon = 1;
 	if( t != h->gchordon ) {
 		if( h->tpc ) abc_add_gchord_syncs(h, h->tpc, h->tracktime);
 	}
-	if( !strncmp(p,"channel",7)     && isspace(p[7]) )
+	if( !strncmp(p,"channel",7)     && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[7])) )
 		abc_MIDI_channel(p+8, h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp), h);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"program",7)     && isspace(p[7]) )
+	if( !strncmp(p,"program",7)     && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[7])) )
 		abc_MIDI_program(p+8, h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp), h);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"voice",5)       && isspace(p[5]) )
+	if( !strncmp(p,"voice",5)       && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[5])) )
 		abc_MIDI_voice(p+6, h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp), h);
-	if( !strncmp(p,"legato",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(p[6])) )
+	if( !strncmp(p,"legato",6)      && (p[6]=='\0' || p[6]==delim || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[6]))) )
 		abc_MIDI_legato(p+6, h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp));
 }
 
@@ -3548,13 +3548,13 @@ static char *abc_continuated(ABCHANDLE *h, MMFILE *mmf, char *p) {
 				abc_message("line not properly continued\n%s", p1);
 				return p1;
 			}
-			while( *pm && isspace(*pm) ) ++pm;
+			while( *pm && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*pm)) ) ++pm;
 			if( !strncmp(pm,"%%",2) ) {
-				for( p2 = pm+2; *p2 && isspace(*p2); p2++ ) ;
-				if( !strncmp(p2,"MIDI",4) && (p2[4]=='=' || isspace(p2[4])) ) {
-					for( p2+=5; *p2 && isspace(*p2); p2++ ) ;
+				for( p2 = pm+2; *p2 && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p2)); p2++ ) ;
+				if( !strncmp(p2,"MIDI",4) && (p2[4]=='=' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p2[4]))) ) {
+					for( p2+=5; *p2 && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p2)); p2++ ) ;
 					if( *p2 == '=' )
-						for( p2+=1; *p2 && isspace(*p2); p2++ ) ;
+						for( p2+=1; *p2 && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p2)); p2++ ) ;
 					abc_MIDI_command(h,p2,'%');
 				}
 				continued = 1;
@@ -3685,7 +3685,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 		abcxcount = 0;
 		mmfseek(mmfile,0,SEEK_SET);
 		while ((line=abc_gets(h, mmfile)) != NULL) {
-			for( p=line; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+			for( p=line; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 			if( !strncmp(p,"X:",2) ) abcxcount++;
 		}
 		if( abcxcount == 0 )
@@ -3699,7 +3699,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 		mmsp--;
 		while ((line=abc_gets(h, mmstack[mmsp])) != NULL) {
 			char blankline[3] = "% ";
-			for( p=line; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+			for( p=line; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 			switch(abcstate) {
 				case INSKIPFORX:
 					if( !strncmp(p,"X:",2) ) {
@@ -3711,7 +3711,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 					if( !strncmp(p,"X:",2) ) {
 						abcstate = INHEAD;
 						memset(m_szNames[0], 0, 32);
-						for( p+=2; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+						for( p+=2; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 						abcxnumber = atoi(p);
 						abchornpipe = 0;
 						h->droneon = 0;
@@ -3792,8 +3792,8 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 						break;
 					}
 					if( !strncmp(p,"R:",2) ) {
-						for( p+=2; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-						if( !strncmp(p,"hornpipe",8) && (isspace(p[8]) || p[8]=='\0') ) abchornpipe = 1;
+						for( p+=2; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+						if( !strncmp(p,"hornpipe",8) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[8])) || p[8]=='\0') ) abchornpipe = 1;
 						else abchornpipe = 0;
 						break;
 					}
@@ -3980,8 +3980,8 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 				p[1]= '%';
 			}
 			if( !strncmp(p,"%%",2) ) {
-				for( p+=2; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-				if( !strncmp(p,"abc-include",11) && isspace(p[11]) ) {
+				for( p+=2; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+				if( !strncmp(p,"abc-include",11) && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[11])) ) {
 					for( t=12; isspace(p[t]); t++ ) ;
 					if( p[t] ) {
 						mmsp++;
@@ -3998,10 +3998,10 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 					}
 					else abc_message("failure: abc-include missing file name, %s", p);
 				}
-				if( !strncmp(p,"MIDI",4) && (p[4]=='=' || isspace(p[4])) && abcstate != INSKIPFORX ) {
-					for( p+=5; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+				if( !strncmp(p,"MIDI",4) && (p[4]=='=' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[4]))) && abcstate != INSKIPFORX ) {
+					for( p+=5; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 					if( *p == '=' )
-						for( p+=1; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+						for( p+=1; *p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 					abc_MIDI_command(h,p,'%');
 					if( h->tp ) abcnolegato = !h->tp->legato;
 					if( !abcnolegato ) abcnoslurs = 0;
@@ -4034,7 +4034,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 							partpat[global_part - 'A'][1] = t;
 						// give every new coming abcevent the desired part indication
 						while( p[2]==' ' || p[2]=='.' ) p++;	// skip blancs and dots
-						if( isupper(p[2]) )
+						if( isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) )
 							global_part = p[2];
 						else
 							global_part = ' ';
@@ -4073,7 +4073,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 					ch0 = ' ';
 					pp = 0;
 					while (*p && (ch = *p++) != '\0') {
-						if( !pp && isalpha(ch) && *p != ':' ) { // maybe a macro
+						if( !pp && isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) && *p != ':' ) { // maybe a macro
 							for( mp=h->umacro; mp; mp=mp->next ) {
 								if( ch == mp->name[0] ) {
 									pp = p;
@@ -4131,8 +4131,8 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 										else
 											partpat[global_part - 'A'][1] = t;
 										// give every new coming abcevent the desired part indication
-										while( isspace(p[2]) || p[2]=='.' ) p++;	// skip blancs and dots
-										if( isupper(p[2]) )
+										while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) || p[2]=='.' ) p++;	// skip blancs and dots
+										if( isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) )
 											global_part = p[2];
 										else
 											global_part = ' ';
@@ -4152,11 +4152,11 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									break;
 								}
 								if( !strncmp(p,"I:",2) ) { // interpret some of the possibilitys
-									for( p += 2; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
-									if( !strncmp(p,"MIDI",4) && (p[4]=='=' || isspace(p[4])) ) { // interpret some of the possibilitys
-										for( p += 4; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+									for( p += 2; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
+									if( !strncmp(p,"MIDI",4) && (p[4]=='=' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[4]))) ) { // interpret some of the possibilitys
+										for( p += 4; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 										if( *p == '=' )
-											for( p += 1; isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
+											for( p += 1; isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)); p++ ) ;
 										abc_MIDI_command(h, p, ']');
 										if( h->tp ) abcnolegato = !h->tp->legato;
 										if( !abcnolegato ) abcnoslurs = 0;
@@ -4235,7 +4235,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									notelen *= cnotelen;
 									notediv *= cnotediv;
 									tupletr = abc_tuplet(&notelen, &notediv, tupletp, tupletq, tupletr);
-									while( isspace(*p) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
+									while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
 									p += abc_brokenrithm(p, &notelen, &notediv, &brokenrithm, abchornpipe);
 									thistime = notelen_notediv_to_ticks(h->speed, notelen*snotelen, notediv*snotediv);
 									if( abcfermata ) {
@@ -4278,7 +4278,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									if( abceffoper != 255 ) abceffect = none;
 									break;
 								}
-								if( isdigit(*p) ) {	// different endings in repeats [i,j,n-r,s,...
+								if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {	// different endings in repeats [i,j,n-r,s,...
 									h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp);
 									abc_add_partbreak(h, h->tp, h->tracktime);
 									p += abc_getnumber(p, &notelen);
@@ -4304,7 +4304,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 								break;
 							case '(':	// slurs follow or some tuplet (duplet, triplet etc.)
 								abcto = 0;
-								if( isdigit(*p) ) {
+								if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
 									p += abc_getnumber(p,&tupletp);
 									tupletr = tupletp;	// ABC draft 2.0 (4.13): if r is not given it defaults to p
 									switch( tupletp ) {	// ABC draft 2.0 (4.13): q defaults depending on p and time signature
@@ -4323,10 +4323,10 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									}
 									if( *p==':' ) {
 										p++;
-										if( isdigit(*p) ) p += abc_getnumber(p,&tupletq);
+										if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p += abc_getnumber(p,&tupletq);
 										if( *p==':' ) {
 											p++;
-											if( isdigit(*p) ) p += abc_getnumber(p,&tupletr);
+											if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p += abc_getnumber(p,&tupletr);
 										}
 									}
 								}
@@ -4375,7 +4375,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 								sprintf(barsig, "%s%s", sig[abckey], sig[abckey]);	// reset the key signature
 								bartime = h->tracktime;
 								if( h->tp && h->tp->vpos ) h->tp = abc_locate_track(h, h->tp->v, 0); // reset from voice overlay
-								if( isdigit(*p) ) {	// different endings in repeats |i,j,n-r,s,...
+								if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {	// different endings in repeats |i,j,n-r,s,...
 									h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp);
 									abc_add_partbreak(h, h->tp, h->tracktime);
 									p += abc_getnumber(p, &notelen);
@@ -4426,7 +4426,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 								}
 								break;
 							case '"':	// chord notation
-								if( !strchr("_^<>@", *p) && !isdigit(*p) ) { // if it's not a annotation string
+								if( !strchr("_^<>@", *p) && !isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) { // if it's not a annotation string
 									h->tp = abc_check_track(h, h->tp);
 									if( !h->tpc ) h->tpc = abc_locate_track(h, h->tp->v, 0);
  									if( h->tp == h->tpc ) abc_add_chord(p, h, h->tpc, h->tracktime); // only do chords for one voice
@@ -4443,8 +4443,8 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 										abcto = -1;
 									}
 									else
-										if( !isspace(*p) ) abcto = 0;
-									if( !strncasecmp(p,"to",2) && (isspace(p[2]) || p[2] == '"') ) abcto = 1;
+										if( !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) abcto = 0;
+									if( !strncasecmp(p,"to",2) && (isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[2])) || p[2] == '"') ) abcto = 1;
 								}
 								if( !ch ) abcstate = INSKIPFORQUOTE;
 								break;
@@ -4665,7 +4665,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 										h->tp->tienote = h->tp->tail;
 									}
 									tupletr = abc_tuplet(&notelen, &notediv, tupletp, tupletq, tupletr);
-									while( isspace(*p) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
+									while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
 									p += abc_brokenrithm(p, &notelen, &notediv, &brokenrithm, abchornpipe);
 									thistime = notelen_notediv_to_ticks(h->speed, notelen*snotelen, notediv*snotediv);
 									if( abcfermata ) {
@@ -4699,7 +4699,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									abc_track_clear_tiednote(h);
 									p += abc_notelen(p, &notelen, &notediv);
 									tupletr = abc_tuplet(&notelen, &notediv, tupletp, tupletq, tupletr);
-									while( isspace(*p) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
+									while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;	// allow spacing in broken rithm notation
 									p += abc_brokenrithm(p, &notelen, &notediv, &brokenrithm, abchornpipe);
 									thistime = notelen_notediv_to_ticks(h->speed, notelen*snotelen, notediv*snotediv);
 									if( abcfermata ) {
@@ -4752,7 +4752,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadABC(const uint8_t *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 									abcarpeggio = 0;
 									break;
 								}
-								if( isalpha(ch) && *p==':' ) {
+								if( isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) && *p==':' ) {
 									// some unprocessed field line?
 									while( *p ) p++;	// skip it
 									break;
diff --git a/src/load_mid.cpp b/src/load_mid.cpp
index fe02f5e4..749b5d0c 100644
--- a/src/load_mid.cpp
+++ b/src/load_mid.cpp
@@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@ BOOL CSoundFile::ReadMID(const BYTE *lpStream, DWORD dwMemLength)
 	if (h->miditracks == 0) goto ErrorCleanup;
 
 	p = (BYTE *)getenv(ENV_MMMID_SPEED);
-	if( p && isdigit(*p) && p[0] != '0' && p[1] == '\0' ) {
+	if( p && isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && p[0] != '0' && p[1] == '\0' ) {
 		// transform speed
 		t = *p - '0';
 		h->speed *= t;
diff --git a/src/load_pat.cpp b/src/load_pat.cpp
index fe787311..dfa640e5 100644
--- a/src/load_pat.cpp
+++ b/src/load_pat.cpp
@@ -392,31 +392,31 @@ void pat_init_patnames(void)
 			_mm_fgets(mmcfg, line, PATH_MAX);
 			while( !_mm_feof(mmcfg) ) {
 			p = line;
-			while ( isspace(*p) ) p ++;
-			if( isdigit(p[0]) ) {
+			while ( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p ++;
+			if( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(p[0])) ) {
 				// get pat number
 				i = atoi(p);
-				while ( isdigit(*p) ) p ++;
-				while ( isspace(*p) ) p ++;
+				while ( isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p ++;
+				while ( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p ++;
 				// get pat file name
 				if( *p && i < MAXSMP && i >= 0 && *p != '#' ) {
 					q = isdrumset ? midipat[pat_gm_drumnr(i)-1] : midipat[i];
 					pfnlen = 0;
-					while( *p && !isspace(*p) && *p != '#' && pfnlen < 128 ) {
+					while( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && *p != '#' && pfnlen < 128 ) {
 						pfnlen ++;
 						*q++ = *p++;
 					}
-					if( isblank(*p) && *(p+1) != '#' && pfnlen < 128 ) {
+					if( isblank(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && *(p+1) != '#' && pfnlen < 128 ) {
 						*q++ = ':'; pfnlen ++;
-						while( isspace(*p) ) {
-							while( isspace(*p) ) p++;
+						while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) {
+							while( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p++;
 							if ( *p == '#' ) { // comment
 
-							} else while( *p && !isspace(*p) && pfnlen < 128 ) {
+							} else while( *p && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && pfnlen < 128 ) {
 								pfnlen ++;
 								*q++ = *p++;
 							}
-							if( isspace(*p) ) { *q++ = ' '; pfnlen++; }
+							if( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) { *q++ = ' '; pfnlen++; }
 						}
 					}
 					*q++ = '\0';
@@ -429,11 +429,11 @@ void pat_init_patnames(void)
 			}
 			else if( !strncmp(p,"dir",3) )  {
 				p += 3;
-				while ( isspace(*p) ) p ++;
+				while ( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p ++;
 				q = p + strlen(p);
 				if(q > p) {
 					--q;
-					while ( q > p && isspace(*q) ) *(q--) = 0;
+					while ( q > p && isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*q)) ) *(q--) = 0;
 					strncpy(pathforpat, p, PATH_MAX - 1);
 					pathforpat[PATH_MAX - 1] = 0;
 				}
@@ -441,9 +441,9 @@ void pat_init_patnames(void)
 			else if( !strncmp(p,"source",6) && nsources < 5 ) {
 				q = cfgsources[nsources];
 				p += 6;
-				while ( isspace(*p) ) p ++;
+				while ( isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) ) p ++;
 				pfnlen = 0;
-				while ( *p && *p != '#' && !isspace(*p) && pfnlen < 128 ) {
+				while ( *p && *p != '#' && !isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(*p)) && pfnlen < 128 ) {
 					pfnlen ++;
 					*q++ = *p++;
 				}
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ static void PAT_ReadPatterns(MODCOMMAND *pattern[], WORD psize[], PATHANDLE *h,
 					i = tt2 - 16 * ((h->samples - 1 - ch) & 3);
 					if( tt1 < i ) {
 						t = t % 64;
-						if( isalpha(tune[t]) ) {
+						if( isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(tune[t])) ) {
 							n   = pat_modnote(pat_note(tune[t]));
 							ins = ch + 1;
 							vol = 40;