From a9093726f5bdaf33879c66556ae6ef688c736733 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paulo H. Lamounier" <53798700+Nanashii76@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 7 May 2024 15:39:33 -0300
Subject: [PATCH] some problemsets from Rosaling

---
 rosalind/binary_search.cpp        | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/breadth_first_search.cpp | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/connected_components.cpp | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/degree_array.cpp         | 21 +++++++++++++
 rosalind/dijkstras_algorithm.cpp  | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/double_degree_array.cpp  | 25 ++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/fibonacci_numbers.cpp    | 27 +++++++++++++++++
 rosalind/majority_element.cpp     | 28 ++++++++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 277 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 rosalind/binary_search.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/breadth_first_search.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/connected_components.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/degree_array.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/dijkstras_algorithm.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/double_degree_array.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/fibonacci_numbers.cpp
 create mode 100644 rosalind/majority_element.cpp

diff --git a/rosalind/binary_search.cpp b/rosalind/binary_search.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91c6487
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/binary_search.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+int binary_search(vector<int> values, int x){
+
+    int l = 0;
+    int r = values.size()-1;
+
+    while(l <= r) {
+        int mid = (l+r)/2;
+
+        if(values[mid] == x)
+            return mid;
+        else if(x < values[mid])
+            r = mid-1;
+        else
+            l = mid+1;
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+
+}
+
+
+int main() {
+
+    int n,m; cin >> n >> m;
+    vector<int> values(n);
+    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+        cin >> values[i];
+
+    while(m--) {
+        int aux; cin >> aux;
+        cout << (binary_search(values,aux)!=-1?binary_search(values,aux)+1:-1) << " ";
+    }
+    cout << endl;
+    return 0;
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/breadth_first_search.cpp b/rosalind/breadth_first_search.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9767c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/breadth_first_search.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+const int MAX = 1e3+10;
+vector<vector<int>> g(MAX);
+vector<bool> vis(MAX);
+vector<int> dist(MAX,-1);
+
+void bfs(int s) {
+
+    queue<int> q; q.push(s);
+    vis[s] = true;
+    dist[s] = 0;
+
+    while(not q.empty()) {
+        int v = q.front();
+        q.pop();
+
+        for(auto x : g[v]) if(not vis[x]){
+            dist[x] = dist[v] + 1;
+            q.push(x);
+            vis[x] = true;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+int main(){
+
+    int v,e; cin >> v >> e;
+    while(e--) {
+        int va,vb; cin >> va >> vb;
+        va--,vb--;
+        g[va].emplace_back(vb);
+    }
+
+    bfs(0);
+    for(int i = 0; i < v; ++i)
+        cout << dist[i] << " ";
+    cout << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/connected_components.cpp b/rosalind/connected_components.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52049b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/connected_components.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+void dfs(vector<vector<int>> g, vector<int> &vis, int s) {
+
+    stack<int> st;
+    st.push(s);
+    vis[s] = 1;
+
+    while(not st.empty()) {
+        int v = st.top();
+        st.pop();
+
+        for(auto x : g[v]) if(not vis[x]){
+            st.push(x);
+            vis[x] = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+int main(){
+
+    int v,e; cin >> v >> e;
+    vector<vector<int>> g(v);
+    vector<int> vis(v,0);
+    while(e--) {
+        int va,vb; cin >> va >> vb;
+        va--,vb--;
+        g[va].emplace_back(vb);
+        g[vb].emplace_back(va);
+    }
+
+    int count = 0;
+    for(int i = 0; i < v; ++i) {
+        if(not vis[i]) {
+            dfs(g,vis,i);
+            count++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    cout << count << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/degree_array.cpp b/rosalind/degree_array.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32884cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/degree_array.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+
+    int v,e; cin >> v >> e;
+    vector<vector<int>> g(v);
+    while(e--) {
+        int va,vb; cin >> va >> vb;
+        va--,vb--;
+        g[va].emplace_back(vb);
+        g[vb].emplace_back(va);
+    }
+
+    for(auto v : g) {
+        cout << v.size() << " ";
+    }
+    cout << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/dijkstras_algorithm.cpp b/rosalind/dijkstras_algorithm.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0b8edf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/dijkstras_algorithm.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+vector<int> dijktras(vector<vector<pair<int,int>>> g, int V, int s) {
+
+    priority_queue<pair<int,int>,vector<pair<int,int>>, greater<pair<int,int>>> pq;
+    vector<int> dist(V,INT_MAX);
+    dist[s] = 0;
+    pq.push({0,s}); // distance and node;
+
+    while(not pq.empty()) {
+        int dis = pq.top().first, node = pq.top().second;
+        pq.pop();
+
+        if(dis != dist[node]) continue;
+
+        for(auto it : g[node]) {
+            int adjNode = it.first;
+            int adjEdge = it.second;
+
+            if(dis + adjEdge < dist[adjNode]) {
+                dist[adjNode] = dis + adjEdge;
+                pq.push({dist[adjNode],adjNode});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return dist;
+
+}
+
+
+int main(){
+
+    int v,e; cin >> v >> e;
+    vector<vector<pair<int,int>>> g(v);
+    while(e--) {
+        int va,vb,coast; cin  >> va >> vb >> coast;
+        va--,vb--;
+        g[va].emplace_back(make_pair(vb,coast));
+    }
+
+    vector<int> ans = dijktras(g,v,0);
+    for(auto x : ans)
+        cout << (x!=INT_MAX?x:-1) << " ";
+    cout << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/double_degree_array.cpp b/rosalind/double_degree_array.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cd55e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/double_degree_array.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main(){
+
+    int v, e; cin >> v >> e;
+    vector<vector<int>> g(v);
+    while(e--) {
+        int va,vb; cin >> va >> vb;
+        va--,vb--;
+        g[va].emplace_back(vb);
+        g[vb].emplace_back(va);
+    }
+
+    
+    for(auto elements : g) {
+        int count = 0;        
+        for(auto x : elements)
+            count += (int)g[x].size(); 
+        cout << count << " ";
+    }
+    cout << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/fibonacci_numbers.cpp b/rosalind/fibonacci_numbers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f90fec4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/fibonacci_numbers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+const int MAX = 100;
+vector<int> values(MAX,-1);
+
+int fib(int n) {
+
+    if(n < 2) {
+        values[n] = n;
+        return values[n];
+    }
+
+    if(values[n] != -1)
+        return values[n];
+
+    return values[n] = fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
+
+}
+
+int main(){
+
+    int n; cin >> n;
+    cout << fib(n) << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rosalind/majority_element.cpp b/rosalind/majority_element.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd3608d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rosalind/majority_element.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+
+int main() {
+
+    int n, m; cin >> n >> m;
+    while(n--) {
+        unordered_map<int,int> unmap;
+        for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
+            int aux; cin >> aux;
+            unmap[aux]++;
+        }
+
+        bool has = false;
+        for(auto element : unmap)
+            if(element.second > m/2) {
+                cout << element.first << " ";
+                has=true;
+            }
+                
+        if(not has)
+            cout << "-1" << " ";
+    }
+    cout << endl;
+    return 0;
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file