'Invalid Params' Error on Nethermind for Type-3 Transactions

[MingxiYe]

Description

After the Cancun upgrade, Ethereum introduced Type-3 transactions, which can store “blob” data with significantly reduced gas costs. While eth_estimateGas should return the correct gas usage for a Type-3 transaction, it currently returns {'code': -32602, 'message': 'Invalid params'}.

Steps to Reproduce

To reproduce this issue, follow these steps:

1. Run a testnet or use an existing mainnet node provided by Nethermind.
2. Execute the script in the appendix with the appropriate environment configuration (i.e., TESTNET_RPC_URL=<your-nethermind-node-rpc-url> python3 estimate.py).
3. Observe that the script returns {'code': -32602, 'message': 'Invalid params'}.

Actual behavior

The error returned is {'code': -32602, 'message': 'Invalid params'}. After reviewing the following code:

nethermind/src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/JsonRpcService.cs

Lines 154 to 162 in 1a1e602

	if (method.ExpectedParameters.Length > 0)
	{
	(parameters, hasMissing) = DeserializeParameters(method.ExpectedParameters, providedParametersLength, providedParameters, missingParamsCount);
	if (parameters is null)
	{
	if (_logger.IsWarn) _logger.Warn($"Incorrect JSON RPC parameters when calling {methodName} with params [{string.Join(", ", providedParameters)}]");
	return GetErrorResponse(methodName, ErrorCodes.InvalidParams, "Invalid params", null, request.Id);
	}
	}

I suspect that the RPC module does not yet support Type-3 transactions, as suggested by this snippet.

Expected behavior

Switching the TESTNET_RPC_URL to a endpoint of geth, reth, besu, or erigon allows the script to successfully return the estimated gas.

Desktop (please complete the following information):
Please provide the following information regarding your setup:

• Operating System: Linux
• Version: v1.30.1
• Installation Method: Using Kurtosis to run testnet
• Consensus Client: Lighthouse

Appendix

The python script (i.e., estimate.py used for poc):

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import os
import hashlib
import json
import traceback
from web3 import Web3, HTTPProvider
from eth_account import Account

def generate_demo_blob(blob_index: int, size_kb: int = 128) -> bytes:
    """
    Generates a demo blob of specified size filled with deterministic data for consistency.
    
    Args:
        blob_index (int): Index of the blob for pattern variation.
        size_kb (int): Size of the blob in kilobytes (default is 128 KB).
        
    Returns:
        bytes: Generated blob data.
    """
    # Each blob is size_kb KB
    pattern = (f"Blob{blob_index}Data").encode()
    blob_size = size_kb * 1024  # Convert KB to bytes
    blob = (pattern * (blob_size // len(pattern) + 1))[:blob_size]
    return blob

def compute_blob_hash(blob, version=1):
    sha256_hash = hashlib.sha256(blob).digest()
    versioned_hash = bytes([0x01]) + sha256_hash[1:]
    return '0x' + versioned_hash.hex()

def to_hex(value):
    """
    Converts an integer value to a hex string with '0x' prefix.
    
    Args:
        value (int): The integer value to convert.
        
    Returns:
        str: Hexadecimal string representation with '0x' prefix.
    """
    return hex(value)

def main():
    # Initialize Web3
    rpc_url = os.getenv("TESTNET_RPC_URL")
    if not rpc_url:
        raise EnvironmentError("TESTNET_RPC_URL environment variable not set.")
    w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider(rpc_url))
    assert w3.is_connected(), "Web3 provider is not connected."

    # Load account from private key
    private_key = os.getenv("PRIVATE_KEY", "0xbf3beef3bd999ba9f2451e06936f0423cd62b815c9233dd3bc90f7e02a1e8673")
    account = Account.from_key(private_key)

    # Get the nonce for the account
    nonce = w3.eth.get_transaction_count(account.address)

    # Number of blobs to include (1 blob of 128 KB)
    num_blobs = 1
    blob_size_kb = 128  # 128 KB per blob

    # Generate demo blobs and their hashes
    blobs = []
    blob_versioned_hashes = []
    for i in range(num_blobs):
        blob = generate_demo_blob(i, size_kb=blob_size_kb)
        blobs.append('0x' + blob.hex())  # Blob as hex string with '0x' prefix
        blob_hash = compute_blob_hash(blob)
        blob_versioned_hashes.append(blob_hash)

    # Validate blob sizes
    for idx, blob in enumerate(blobs):
        blob_bytes = bytes.fromhex(blob[2:])  # Remove '0x' prefix
        expected_size = blob_size_kb * 1024
        actual_size = len(blob_bytes)
        assert actual_size == expected_size, f"Blob {idx + 1} size is incorrect: {actual_size} bytes, expected {expected_size} bytes."

    # Validate blob hashes sizes
    for idx, hash_str in enumerate(blob_versioned_hashes):
        hash_hex = hash_str[2:]  # Remove '0x' prefix
        assert len(hash_hex) == 64, f"Blob {idx + 1} hash length is incorrect: {len(hash_hex)} characters, expected 64 characters."

    # Construct the Type-3 transaction with hexadecimal fields
    tx = {
        "type": 3,  # Type-3 Transaction
        "chainId": to_hex(w3.eth.chain_id),
        "nonce": to_hex(nonce),
        "from": account.address,  # Optional when signing
        "to": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
        "value": to_hex(0),
        "maxPriorityFeePerGas": to_hex(w3.to_wei("2", "gwei")),
        "maxFeePerGas": to_hex(w3.to_wei("30", "gwei")),
        "maxFeePerBlobGas": to_hex(w3.to_wei("100", "gwei")),
        "gas": to_hex(1500000),
        "data": "0x",
        "blobVersionedHashes": blob_versioned_hashes,  # List containing one 32-byte hash
        "blobs": blobs,  # List containing one 128 KB blob as hex string
    }

    # Estimate Gas
    try:
        estimated_gas = w3.eth.estimate_gas(tx)
        print(f"Estimated Gas: {estimated_gas}")
    except Exception as e:
        print("Error estimating gas:", e)
        traceback.print_exc()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

[kamilchodola]

@flcl42 @marcindsobczak Any chance you can look at this?

[kamilchodola]

Not sure if I reproduced it or found something else but calling estimateGas like this:

curl -X POST \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "eth_estimateGas",
    "params": [{
      "from": "0xc1b634853cb333d3ad8663715b08f41a3aec47cc",
      "value": "0x0",
      "data": "0x3e5aa08200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000bf52400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001bcb43000000000000000000000000e64a54e2533fd126c2e452c5fab544d80e2e4eb50000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010097d3f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010097e8d",
      "type": "0x3",
      "maxFeePerGas": "0x246dfab0ea",
      "maxPriorityFeePerGas": "0x7d2b7500"
    }],
    "id": 1
  }' \
  http://localhost:8545

I got such errors:

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","error":{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error","data":"System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.\n ---> System.InvalidOperationException: Nullable object must have a value.\n at Nethermind.Serialization.Rlp.TxDecoders.BlobTxDecoder1.EncodeTypedWrapped(Transaction transaction, RlpStream stream, RlpBehaviors rlpBehaviors, Boolean forSigning, Int32 contentLength) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Serialization.Rlp/TxDecoders/BlobTxDecoder.cs:line 100\n at Nethermind.Serialization.Rlp.TxDecoders.BaseAccessListTxDecoder1.Encode(Transaction transaction, RlpStream stream, RlpBehaviors rlpBehaviors, Boolean forSigning, Boolean isEip155Enabled, UInt64 chainId) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Serialization.Rlp/TxDecoders/AccessListTxDecoder.cs:line 25\n at Nethermind.Crypto.TransactionExtensions.CalculateHash(Transaction transaction) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Crypto/TransactionExtensions.cs:line 17\n at Nethermind.Facade.BlockchainBridge.CallAndRestore(BlockHeader blockHeader, Transaction transaction, Boolean treatBlockHeaderAsParentBlock, ITxTracer tracer, IOverridableTxProcessingScope scope) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Facade/BlockchainBridge.cs:line 300\n at Nethermind.Facade.BlockchainBridge.TryCallAndRestore(IOverridableTxProcessingScope scope, BlockHeader blockHeader, Transaction transaction, Boolean treatBlockHeaderAsParentBlock, ITxTracer tracer) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Facade/BlockchainBridge.cs:line 243\n at Nethermind.Facade.BlockchainBridge.EstimateGas(BlockHeader header, Transaction tx, Int32 errorMargin, Dictionary2 stateOverride, CancellationToken cancellationToken) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.Facade/BlockchainBridge.cs:line 199\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.EthRpcModule.EstimateGasTxExecutor.ExecuteTx(BlockHeader header, Transaction tx, Dictionary2 stateOverride, CancellationToken token) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/EthRpcModule.TransactionExecutor.cs:line 84\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.EthRpcModule.TxExecutor1.Execute(BlockHeader header, Transaction tx, Dictionary2 stateOverride, CancellationToken token) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/EthRpcModule.TransactionExecutor.cs:line 45\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.ExecutorBase3.Execute(TRequest call, BlockParameter blockParameter, Dictionary2 stateOverride) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/ExecutorBase.cs:line 41\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.EthRpcModule.TxExecutor1.Execute(TransactionForRpc transactionCall, BlockParameter blockParameter, Dictionary2 stateOverride) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/EthRpcModule.TransactionExecutor.cs:line 55\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.EthRpcModule.TxExecutor1.ExecuteTx(TransactionForRpc transactionCall, BlockParameter blockParameter, Dictionary2 stateOverride) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/EthRpcModule.TransactionExecutor.cs:line 59\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.Modules.Eth.EthRpcModule.eth_estimateGas(TransactionForRpc transactionCall, BlockParameter blockParameter, Dictionary2 stateOverride) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/Modules/Eth/EthRpcModule.cs:line 348\n at InvokeStub_IEthRpcModule.eth_estimateGas(Object, Span1)\n at System.Reflection.MethodBaseInvoker.InvokeWithFewArgs(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)\n --- End of inner exception stack trace ---\n at System.Reflection.MethodBaseInvoker.InvokeWithFewArgs(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)\n at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)\n at Nethermind.JsonRpc.JsonRpcService.ExecuteAsync(JsonRpcRequest request, String methodName, ResolvedMethodInfo method, JsonRpcContext context) in /src/Nethermind/Nethermind.JsonRpc/JsonRpcService.cs:line 175"},"id":1}