diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsage.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsage.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..874260702c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsage.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package tech.picnic.errorprone.bugpatterns;
+
+import static com.google.errorprone.BugPattern.LinkType.CUSTOM;
+import static com.google.errorprone.BugPattern.SeverityLevel.SUGGESTION;
+import static com.google.errorprone.BugPattern.StandardTags.SIMPLIFICATION;
+import static tech.picnic.errorprone.bugpatterns.util.Documentation.BUG_PATTERNS_BASE_URL;
+
+import com.google.auto.service.AutoService;
+import com.google.errorprone.BugPattern;
+import com.google.errorprone.VisitorState;
+import com.google.errorprone.bugpatterns.BugChecker;
+import com.google.errorprone.bugpatterns.BugChecker.LambdaExpressionTreeMatcher;
+import com.google.errorprone.fixes.SuggestedFix;
+import com.google.errorprone.matchers.Description;
+import com.sun.source.tree.InstanceOfTree;
+import com.sun.source.tree.LambdaExpressionTree;
+import com.sun.source.tree.Tree.Kind;
+import tech.picnic.errorprone.bugpatterns.util.SourceCode;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link BugChecker} that flags lambda expressions that can be replaced with a method reference
+ * of the form {@code T.class::isInstance}.
+ *
+ * @see MethodReferenceUsage
+ */
+// XXX: Consider folding this logic into the `MethodReferenceUsage` check.
+@AutoService(BugChecker.class)
+@BugPattern(
+    summary = "Prefer `Class::isInstance` method reference over equivalent lambda expression",
+    link = BUG_PATTERNS_BASE_URL + "IsInstanceLambdaUsage",
+    linkType = CUSTOM,
+    severity = SUGGESTION,
+    tags = SIMPLIFICATION)
+public final class IsInstanceLambdaUsage extends BugChecker implements LambdaExpressionTreeMatcher {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  /** Instantiates a new {@link IsInstanceLambdaUsage} instance. */
+  public IsInstanceLambdaUsage() {}
+
+  @Override
+  public Description matchLambdaExpression(LambdaExpressionTree tree, VisitorState state) {
+    if (tree.getKind() != Kind.LAMBDA_EXPRESSION || tree.getBody().getKind() != Kind.INSTANCE_OF) {
+      return Description.NO_MATCH;
+    }
+
+    return describeMatch(
+        tree,
+        SuggestedFix.replace(
+            tree,
+            SourceCode.treeToString(((InstanceOfTree) tree.getBody()).getType(), state)
+                + ".class::isInstance"));
+  }
+}
diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/MethodReferenceUsage.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/MethodReferenceUsage.java
index bc3d2afc85..87d4b3efd0 100644
--- a/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/MethodReferenceUsage.java
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/MethodReferenceUsage.java
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
 
 /**
  * A {@link BugChecker} that flags lambda expressions that can be replaced with method references.
+ *
+ * @see IsInstanceLambdaUsage
  */
 // XXX: Other custom expressions we could rewrite:
 // - `a -> "str" + a` to `"str"::concat`. But only if `str` is provably non-null.
@@ -50,6 +52,9 @@
 // `not(some::reference)`.
 // XXX: This check is extremely inefficient due to its reliance on `SuggestedFixes.compilesWithFix`.
 // Palantir's `LambdaMethodReference` check seems to suffer a similar issue at this time.
+// XXX: Expressions of the form `i -> SomeType.class.isInstance(i)` are not replaced; fix that using
+// a suitable generalization.
+// XXX: Consider folding the `IsInstanceLambdaUsage` check into this class.
 @AutoService(BugChecker.class)
 @BugPattern(
     summary = "Prefer method references over lambda expressions",
diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/test/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsageTest.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsageTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..205cebd270
--- /dev/null
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/bugpatterns/IsInstanceLambdaUsageTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package tech.picnic.errorprone.bugpatterns;
+
+import com.google.errorprone.BugCheckerRefactoringTestHelper;
+import com.google.errorprone.BugCheckerRefactoringTestHelper.TestMode;
+import com.google.errorprone.CompilationTestHelper;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+final class IsInstanceLambdaUsageTest {
+  private final CompilationTestHelper compilationTestHelper =
+      CompilationTestHelper.newInstance(IsInstanceLambdaUsage.class, getClass());
+  private final BugCheckerRefactoringTestHelper refactoringTestHelper =
+      BugCheckerRefactoringTestHelper.newInstance(IsInstanceLambdaUsage.class, getClass());
+
+  @Test
+  void identification() {
+    compilationTestHelper
+        .addSourceLines(
+            "A.java",
+            "import java.util.stream.Stream;",
+            "",
+            "class A {",
+            "  void m() {",
+            "    // BUG: Diagnostic contains:",
+            "    Stream.of(1).filter(i -> i instanceof Integer);",
+            "    Stream.of(2).filter(Integer.class::isInstance);",
+            "  }",
+            "}")
+        .doTest();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void replacement() {
+    refactoringTestHelper
+        .addInputLines(
+            "A.java",
+            "import java.util.stream.Stream;",
+            "",
+            "class A {",
+            "  void m() {",
+            "    Stream.of(1).filter(i -> i instanceof Integer);",
+            "  }",
+            "}")
+        .addOutputLines(
+            "A.java",
+            "import java.util.stream.Stream;",
+            "",
+            "class A {",
+            "  void m() {",
+            "    Stream.of(1).filter(Integer.class::isInstance);",
+            "  }",
+            "}")
+        .doTest(TestMode.TEXT_MATCH);
+  }
+}