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Summary_MODFLOW-NWT.txt
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SUMMARY OF MODFLOW-NWT
NOTE: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
ABSTRACT
MODFLOW-NWT is a Newton formulation for MODFLOW-2005. MODFLOW-NWT is a
standalone program that is intended for solving problems involving drying and
rewetting nonlinearities of the unconfined groundwater-flow equation. MODFLOW-NWT
must be used with the Upstream-Weighting (UPW) Package for calculating intercell
conductances in a different manner than is done in the Block-Centered Flow (BCF),
Layer Property Flow (LPF), or Hydrogeologic-Unit Flow (HUF) Packages. The UPW
Package treats nonlinearities of cell drying and rewetting by use of a continuous
function of groundwater head, rather than the discrete approach of drying and
rewetting that is used by the BCF, LPF, and HUF Packages. This further enables
application of the Newton formulation for unconfined groundwater-flow problems
because conductance derivatives required by the Newton method are smooth over
the full range of head for a model cell. The NWT linearization approach
generates an asymmetric matrix, which is different from the standard MODFLOW
formulation that generates a symmetric matrix. Because all linear solvers
presently available for use with MODFLOW-2005 solve only symmetric matrices,
MODFLOW-NWT includes two previously developed asymmetric matrix-solver options.
The matrix-solver options include a generalized-minimum-residual (GMRES) Solver
and an Orthomin / stabilized conjugate-gradient (CGSTAB) Solver. Flow-property
input for the UPW Package is designed based on the LPF Package and material-
property input is identical to that for the LPF Package except that the rewetting
and vertical-conductance correction options of the LPF Package are not available
with the UPW Package. Input files constructed for the LPF Package can be used
with slight modification as input for the UPW Package. MODFLOW-NWT is described
in the documentation report by Niswonger and others (2011).
HISTORY
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0 05/16/2011 - Initial release. Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.1 05/27/2011 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.2 10/03/2011 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.3 01/03/2012 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.4 01/25/2012 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.5 05/14/2012 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.6 12/07/2012 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.7 01/15/2013 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.8 09/24/2013 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.0.9 07/01/2014 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.1.0 07/21/2016 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.1.1 07/28/2016 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.1.2 09/15/2016 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.1.3 08/01/2017 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.1.4 04/01/2018 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
MODFLOW-NWT Version 1.2.0 03/01/2020 - Also see the file
‘release.txt’ for additional release notes.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
MODFLOW-NWT is written in Fortran 90 programming language. The code has
been used on personal computers running various forms of the Microsoft
Windows operating system.
FUNTIONALITY
MODFLOW-NWT can be run using the Newton linearization (NWT Package) and the
Upstream-Weighting (UPW) Package or it can be run using the standard
MODFLOW-2005 Picard linearization method (Harbaugh, 2005). Thus, some
MODFLOW-2005 Packages are supported by MODFLOW-NWT only when using the Picard
linearization method of MODFLOW-2005. This version of MODFLOW-NWT includes
the following MODFLOW-2005 packages:
MODFLOW-2005 packages:
BAS -- Basic Package
BCF -- Block-Centered Flow Package (Picard only)
CHD -- Time-Variant Specified-Head Option
DE4 -- Direct solver (Picard only)
DRN -- Drain Package
EVT –- Evapotranspiration Package
GAG -- Gage Package
GHB -- General Head Boundary Package
HFB -- Horizontal Flow Barrier Package
HUF -- Hydrogeologic-Unit Flow Package (Picard only)
LAK -- Lake Package
LPF -- Layer-Property Flow Package (Picard only)
MNW1 -- Multi-Node Well Package, version 1
MNW2 -- Multi-Node Well Package, version 2
OBS –- Observation Process
PCG -- Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Package (Picard only)
RCH –- Recharge Package
RIV –- River Package
SFR -- Streamflow-Routing Package
SIP -- Strongly Implicit Procedure Package (Picard only)
SWR -- Surface-Water Routing Package
UZF -- Unsaturated-Zone Package
WEL -- Well Package
SWT -- Subsidence-Water Table Package
SWI -- Sea Water Intrusion Package
LMT -- Link-MT3DMS Package
Other packages that are included with the MODFLOW-NWT release but have not been
tested include:
MODFLOW-2005 packages:
DRT -- Drain Return Package
ETS -- Evapotranspiration Segments Package
FHB -- Specified Flow Package
Hydmod -- Hydrograph data for BAS Package
IBS -- Interbed Storage Package
RES -- Reservoir Package
STR -- Stream Package
SUB -- Subsidence Package
Packages originally developed for MODFLOW-NWT
AG -- Agricultural Water Use Package
DOCUMENTATION
Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Ibaraki, Motomu, 2011, MODFLOW-NWT,
A Newton formulation for MODFLOW-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques
and Methods 6–A37, 44 p. Available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm6a37/
REFERENCE
Harbaugh, A.W., 2005, MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular
ground-water model--the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques and Methods 6-A16, variously paginated. Available online at http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/tm6A16/
CONTACT
Richard Niswonger
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Rd. MS470
Menlo Park, CA 94025
(650) 329-4534