qiskit-ibm-runtime raises an error with 3211 due to qpy of parameter expression

[t-imamichi]

Describe the bug

When we submit a job with parameter expression, qiskit-ibm-runtime 0.36.0 later returns error Error code 3211; Job not valid. 'Invalid parameter expression map type: Value.PARAMETER_EXPRESSION'

Steps to reproduce

from qiskit import __version__ as qiskit_version
from qiskit import generate_preset_pass_manager
from qiskit.circuit.library import QAOAAnsatz
from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService, SamplerV2
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import __version__ as runtime_version

print(f"{qiskit_version=}")
print(f"{runtime_version=}")

service = QiskitRuntimeService(name="primitives")
backend = service.backend("test_eagle_us-east")

op = SparsePauliOp(["IZZ", "ZZI"])
qc = QAOAAnsatz(op)
qc.measure_all()
pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(optimization_level=2, backend=backend)
t_qc = pm.run(qc)
params = [1] * qc.num_parameters

sampler = SamplerV2(backend)
job = sampler.run([(t_qc, params)])
result = job.result()
print(result)

qiskit_version='1.4.1'
runtime_version='0.37.0.dev12+g3fbaa7e5'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/ima/tasks/5_2025/scripts/2025/runtime/sampler.py", line 23, in <module>
    result = job.result()
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ima/envs/qiskit/lib/python3.12/site-packages/qiskit_ibm_runtime/runtime_job_v2.py", line 137, in result
    raise RuntimeJobFailureError(f"Unable to retrieve job result. {error_message}")
qiskit_ibm_runtime.exceptions.RuntimeJobFailureError: "Unable to retrieve job result. Error code 3211; Job not valid. 'Invalid parameter expression map type: Value.PARAMETER_EXPRESSION'"

qiskit_version='1.4.1'
runtime_version='0.36.1'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/ima/tasks/5_2025/scripts/2025/runtime/sampler.py", line 23, in <module>
    result = job.result()
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ima/envs/qiskit/lib/python3.12/site-packages/qiskit_ibm_runtime/runtime_job_v2.py", line 137, in result
    raise RuntimeJobFailureError(f"Unable to retrieve job result. {error_message}")
qiskit_ibm_runtime.exceptions.RuntimeJobFailureError: "Unable to retrieve job result. Error code 3211; Job not valid. 'Invalid parameter expression map type: Value.PARAMETER_EXPRESSION'"

qiskit_version='1.4.1'
runtime_version='0.36.0'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/ima/tasks/5_2025/scripts/2025/runtime/sampler.py", line 23, in <module>
    result = job.result()
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ima/envs/qiskit/lib/python3.12/site-packages/qiskit_ibm_runtime/runtime_job_v2.py", line 137, in result
    raise RuntimeJobFailureError(f"Unable to retrieve job result. {error_message}")
qiskit_ibm_runtime.exceptions.RuntimeJobFailureError: "Unable to retrieve job result. Error code 3211; Job not valid. 'Invalid parameter expression map type: Value.PARAMETER_EXPRESSION'"

Expected behavior

no error as same as 0.35.0

qiskit_version='1.4.1'
runtime_version='0.35.0'
PrimitiveResult([SamplerPubResult(data=DataBin(meas=BitArray(<shape=(), num_shots=4096, num_bits=3>)), metadata={'circuit_metadata': {}})], metadata={'execution': {'execution_spans': ExecutionSpans([SliceSpan(<start='2025-03-11 09:03:06', stop='2025-03-11 09:03:16', size=4096>)])}, 'version': 2})

Suggested solutions

Additional Information

• qiskit-ibm-runtime version: 0.36.0, 0.36.1, main
• Python version: 3.12.9
• Operating system: macOS 15.3.1