- Objective: Load the dataset and prepare it for analysis.
- Actions:
- Create a sample DataFrame containing document information such as file names, text content, and categories.
- This DataFrame will be used for further processing.
- Objective: Clean and transform the raw text data into a format suitable for analysis.
- Actions:
- Convert to Lowercase: Convert all text to lowercase to ensure uniformity.
- Tokenize: Split the text into individual words.
- Remove Stopwords: Remove common words (e.g., "and", "the") that do not carry significant meaning.
- Stemming: Reduce words to their root forms (e.g., "running" to "run").
- Lemmatization: Further reduce words to their base forms (e.g., "better" to "good").
- Objective: Convert the processed text data into numerical features using TF-IDF.
- Actions:
- TF-IDF Vectorization: Transform the text data into a matrix of TF-IDF features. TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) captures the importance of each word in the document relative to the entire corpus.
- Objective: Convert the categorical target variable (document category) into numerical values.
- Actions:
- Use
LabelEncoder
to encode the categories into numerical values.
- Use
- Objective: Split the dataset into training and testing sets for model evaluation.
- Actions:
- Use
train_test_split
to split the data into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets.
- Use
- Objective: Train a machine learning model on the training data.
- Actions:
- Model Selection: Use a Logistic Regression model.
- Training: Fit the model on the training data.
- Objective: Evaluate the model's performance on both the training and testing sets.
- Actions:
- Predictions: Make predictions on the training and testing sets.
- Accuracy: Calculate the accuracy of the model on both sets.
- Classification Report: Generate a classification report to provide detailed metrics (precision, recall, F1-score) for each class.
- Bar Plot: Visualize the accuracy on the training and testing sets using a bar plot.
- Objective: Visualize the most important words in the dataset based on their TF-IDF scores.
- Actions:
- TF-IDF Means: Calculate the average TF-IDF scores for each feature (word).
- Word Cloud Generation: Generate a word cloud where the size of each word indicates its importance (TF-IDF score).
This step-by-step explanation guides you through the process of preparing text data, extracting features, training and evaluating a machine learning model, and visualizing important words using a word cloud. This comprehensive approach provides insights into the importance of different words in your dataset and helps you understand the performance of your classification model.