tokenizer.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Adapted from https://github.com/bfelbo/DeepMoji/blob/master/deepmoji/tokenizer.py

Splits up a Unicode string into a list of tokens.
Recognises:
- Abbreviations
- URLs
- Emails
- #hashtags
- @mentions
- emojis
- emoticons (limited support)

Multiple consecutive symbols are also treated as a single token.

'''

import re

# Basic patterns.
RE_NUM = r'[0-9]+'
RE_WORD = r'[a-zA-Z]+'
RE_WHITESPACE = r'\s+'
RE_ANY = r'.'

# Combined words such as 'red-haired' or 'CUSTOM_TOKEN'
RE_COMB = r'[a-zA-Z]+[-_][a-zA-Z]+'

# English-specific patterns
RE_CONTRACTIONS = RE_WORD + r'\'' + RE_WORD

TITLES = [
    r'Mr\.',
    r'Ms\.',
    r'Mrs\.',
    r'Dr\.',
    r'Prof\.',
]
# Ensure case insensitivity
RE_TITLES = r'|'.join([r'(?i)' + t for t in TITLES])

# Symbols have to be created as separate patterns in order to match consecutive
# identical symbols.
SYMBOLS = r'()<!?.,/\'\"-_=\\§|´ˇ°[]<>{}~$^&*;:%+\xa3€`'
RE_SYMBOL = r'|'.join([re.escape(s) + r'+' for s in SYMBOLS])

# Hash symbols and at symbols have to be defined separately in order to not
# clash with hashtags and mentions if there are multiple - i.e.
# ##hello -> ['#', '#hello'] instead of ['##', 'hello']
SPECIAL_SYMBOLS = r'|#+(?=#[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)|@+(?=@[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)|#+|@+'
RE_SYMBOL += SPECIAL_SYMBOLS

RE_ABBREVIATIONS = r'\b(?<!\.)(?:[A-Za-z]\.){2,}'

# Twitter-specific patterns
RE_HASHTAG = r'#[a-zA-Z0-9_]+'
RE_MENTION = r'@[a-zA-Z0-9_]+'

RE_URL = r'(?:https?://|www\.)(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+'
RE_EMAIL = r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+\b'

# Emoticons and emojis
RE_HEART = r'(?:<+/?3+)+'
EMOTICONS_START = [
    r'>:',
    r':',
    r'=',
    r';',
]
EMOTICONS_MID = [
    r'-',
    r',',
    r'^',
    u'\'',
    u'\"',
]
EMOTICONS_END = [
    r'D',
    r'd',
    r'p',
    r'P',
    r'v',
    r')',
    r'o',
    r'O',
    r'(',
    r'3',
    r'/',
    r'|',
    u'\\',
]
EMOTICONS_EXTRA = [
    r'-_-',
    r'x_x',
    r'^_^',
    r'o.o',
    r'o_o',
    r'(:',
    r'):',
    r');',
    r'(;',
]

RE_EMOTICON = r'|'.join([re.escape(s) for s in EMOTICONS_EXTRA])
for s in EMOTICONS_START:
    for m in EMOTICONS_MID:
        for e in EMOTICONS_END:
            RE_EMOTICON += '|{0}{1}?{2}+'.format(re.escape(s), re.escape(m), re.escape(e))

# requires ucs4 in python2.7 or python3+
# RE_EMOJI = r"""[\U0001F300-\U0001F64F\U0001F680-\U0001F6FF\u2600-\u26FF\u2700-\u27BF]"""
# safe for all python
RE_EMOJI = r"""\ud83c[\udf00-\udfff]|\ud83d[\udc00-\ude4f\ude80-\udeff]|[\u2600-\u26FF\u2700-\u27BF]"""

# List of matched token patterns, ordered from most specific to least specific.
TOKENS = [
    RE_URL,
    RE_EMAIL,
    RE_COMB,
    RE_HASHTAG,
    RE_MENTION,
    RE_HEART,
    RE_EMOTICON,
    RE_CONTRACTIONS,
    RE_TITLES,
    RE_ABBREVIATIONS,
    RE_NUM,
    RE_WORD,
    RE_SYMBOL,
    RE_EMOJI,
    RE_ANY
]

# List of ignored token patterns
IGNORED = [
    RE_WHITESPACE
]

# Final pattern
RE_PATTERN = re.compile(r'|'.join(IGNORED) + r'|(' + r'|'.join(TOKENS) + r')',
                        re.UNICODE)

def tokenize(text):
    # split an input string into a list of tokens (removing the empty strings)
    return [token for token in RE_PATTERN.findall(text) if token and token.strip()]