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<h1 class="post-title-main">Path</h1>
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<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPath</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPath.html">javadoc</a>)
defines the path to a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtElement</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/declaration/CtElement.html">javadoc</a>)
in a model, similarly to XPath for XML. For example, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.spoon.test.path.testclasses.Foo.foo#body#statement[index=0]</code> represents the first statement of the body of method foo.
A <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPath</code>is based on: names of elements (e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">foo</code>), and roles of elements with respect to their parent (e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">body</code>).
A role is a relation between two AST nodes.
For instance, a “then” branch in an if/then/else is a role (and not a node). All roles can be found in <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtRole</code>. In addition, each getter or setter in the metamodel is annotated with its role.</p>
<h3 id="evaluating-ast-paths">Evaluating AST paths</h3>
<p>Paths are used to find code elements, from a given root element.</p>
<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nc">CtPathStringBuilder</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">fromString</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">".spoon.test.path.testclasses.Foo.foo#body#statement[index=0]"</span><span class="o">);</span>
<span class="nc">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nc">CtElement</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">evaluateOn</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">)</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="creating-ast-paths">Creating AST paths</h3>
<h4 id="from-an-existing-element">From an existing element</h4>
<p>Method <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">getPath</code> in <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtElement</code> returns a path</p>
<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nc">CtPath</span> <span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">anElement</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getPath</span><span class="o">();</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="from-a-string">From a string</h4>
<p><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPathStringBuilder</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathStringBuilder.html">javadoc</a>), creates a path object from a string according to the following syntax:</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.<name></code> which denotes a child element with name <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">name</code>, e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.fr.inria.Spoon</code> (the fully qualified name)</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#<role></code> which denotes all children on <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtRole</code> <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">role</code> statements, <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#body#statement[index=2]#else</code> is the else branch of the second statement of a method body</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">name=<somename></code> - filter which accepts only elements with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">somename</code>. E.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#field[name=abc]</code></li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">signature=<somesignature></code> - filter which accepts only methods and constructors with signature <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">somesignature</code>.
<ul>
<li>Example of method signature: <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#method[signature=compare(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)]</code></li>
<li>Example of constructor signature: <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#constructor[signature=(int)]</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">index=<idx></code> - fitler which accepts only idx-th element of the List. The first element has index 0. The fifth type member in a class <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">#typeMember[index=4]</code></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="from-the-api">From the API</h4>
<p>The low-level <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPathBuilder</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html">javadoc</a>) defines a fluent API to build your path:</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">name(String, String[])</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html#name-java.lang.String-java.lang.String:A...-">javadoc</a>)
adds a name matcher to the current path.</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">type(Class, String[])</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html#type-java.lang.Class-java.lang.String:A...-">javadoc</a>)
matches on element of a given type.</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">role(CtPathRole, String[])</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html#role-spoon.reflect.path.CtPathRole-java.lang.String:A...-">javadoc</a>)
matches on elements by their role (where <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPathRole</code> gives all constants supported).</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">wildcard()</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html#wildcard--">javadoc</a>)
matches only on elements child of current one.</li>
<li><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">recursiveWildcard()</code> (<a href="http://spoon.gforge.inria.fr/mvnsites/spoon-core/apidocs/spoon/reflect/path/CtPathBuilder.html#recursiveWildcard--">javadoc</a>)
matches on any child and sub-children.</li>
</ul>
<p>For instance, if we want all elements named by “toto” and with a default value in
a project. Use <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">CtPathBuilder</code> like the example below.</p>
<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nc">CtPath</span> <span class="n">p1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nc">CtPathBuilder</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">recursiveWildcard</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">name</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"toto"</span><span class="o">).</span><span class="na">role</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nc">CtPathRole</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">DEFAULT_VALUE</span><span class="o">).</span><span class="na">build</span><span class="o">();</span>
<span class="c1">// equivalent to</span>
<span class="nc">CtPath</span> <span class="n">p2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nc">CtPathStringBuilder</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">fromString</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">".**.toto#default_value"</span><span class="o">).</span><span class="na">build</span><span class="o">();</span>
<span class="c1">// takes all elements named "toto" in the project. </span>
<span class="k">new</span> <span class="nf">CtPathBuilder</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">recursiveWildcard</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">name</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"toto"</span><span class="o">)</span>
<span class="c1">// takes the first element named "toto", a package or a class in the default package, at the root of your project.</span>
<span class="k">new</span> <span class="nf">CtPathBuilder</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">name</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"toto"</span><span class="o">).</span><span class="na">recursiveWildcard</span><span class="o">()</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
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