diff --git a/client/src/actions/index.js b/client/src/actions/index.js
index a3c7b185..2a6ef4c9 100644
--- a/client/src/actions/index.js
+++ b/client/src/actions/index.js
@@ -1,33 +1,39 @@
-import axios from 'axios';
+//import axios from 'axios';
+import {
+  fetchUsers, postToken, 
+  postBlog, getBlogs, getBlog, 
+} from '../api/fetchUsers'; 
+
 import { FETCH_USER, FETCH_BLOGS, FETCH_BLOG } from './types';
 
 export const fetchUser = () => async dispatch => {
-  const res = await axios.get('/api/current_user');
+  const { data } = fetchUsers(); 
 
-  dispatch({ type: FETCH_USER, payload: res.data });
+  dispatch({ type: FETCH_USER, payload: data });
 };
 
 export const handleToken = token => async dispatch => {
-  const res = await axios.post('/api/stripe', token);
+  const {data} = await postToken(token);
 
-  dispatch({ type: FETCH_USER, payload: res.data });
+  dispatch({ type: FETCH_USER, payload: data });
 };
 
 export const submitBlog = (values, history) => async dispatch => {
-  const res = await axios.post('/api/blogs', values);
+  const {data} = await postBlog(values);
 
   history.push('/blogs');
-  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOG, payload: res.data });
+  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOG, payload: data });
 };
 
 export const fetchBlogs = () => async dispatch => {
-  const res = await axios.get('/api/blogs');
+  const {data} = await getBlogs();
 
-  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOGS, payload: res.data });
+  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOGS, payload: data });
 };
 
 export const fetchBlog = id => async dispatch => {
-  const res = await axios.get(`/api/blogs/${id}`);
+  //const res = await axios.get(`/api/blogs/${id}`);
+  const {data} = await getBlog(id); 
 
-  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOG, payload: res.data });
+  dispatch({ type: FETCH_BLOG, payload: data });
 };
diff --git a/client/src/api/fetchUsers.js b/client/src/api/fetchUsers.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..83a1e6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/src/api/fetchUsers.js
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import axios from 'axios';
+
+export const fetchUsers = async () =>{
+
+    return await axios.get('/api/current_user');
+
+};
+
+
+export const postToken = async (token) => {
+    const res = await axios.post('/api/stripe', token); 
+    return res; 
+}; 
+
+
+export const postBlog = async(values) =>{
+
+    return await axios.post('/api/blogs', values); 
+}; 
+
+
+export const getBlog = async (id) => {
+
+    return await axios.get(`/api/blog/${id}`); 
+
+}
+
+
+
+export const getBlogs = async (id) => {
+
+    return await axios.get(`/api/blogs`); 
+
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index f722fdad..d08a7e48 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -15,12 +15,14 @@ mongoose.connect(keys.mongoURI, { useMongoClient: true });
 const app = express();
 
 app.use(bodyParser.json());
+
 app.use(
   cookieSession({
     maxAge: 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000,
     keys: [keys.cookieKey]
   })
 );
+
 app.use(passport.initialize());
 app.use(passport.session());
 
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ if (['production'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV)) {
 }
 
 const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5000;
+
 app.listen(PORT, () => {
   console.log(`Listening on port`, PORT);
 });