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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<search>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[使用DigitalOcean搭建ShadowSocks及其优化]]></title>
<url>/2017/12/03/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8DigitalOcean%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BAShadowSocks%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><strong><em>前言</em></strong></p>
<p>在github的教育资助下买了DigitalOcean的服务器，送了50刀，不错啊，其实用别人的邀请码可以再多10刀的。</p>
<p>一直看朋友自己塔梯子，挺好用的，刚好买了vps，就琢磨着干脆自己来搭个梯子。</p>
<p>本文将包括一下内容：</p>
<ol>
<li>DigitalOcean注册与配置</li>
<li>服务器端ss配置</li>
<li>bbr加速</li>
</ol>
<!--morre-->
<h1 id="一-概念介绍"><a href="#一-概念介绍" class="headerlink" title="一. 概念介绍"></a>一. 概念介绍</h1><p><code>DigitalOcean</code>（以下简称DO）是美国的一家云主机提供商，其目前拥有包括美国（纽约、旧金山）、荷兰阿姆斯特丹、新加坡、英国伦敦、德国法兰克福、加拿大多伦多和印度班加罗尔共8个城市12个可选机房节点。其采用KVM虚拟机，配置高性能的SSD做储存，拥有IPv6可选项，加上服务器配备的是1000M端口，以512M内存为起点，再加上DO较低的价格$5起/月（而且还有其他方式可以获得优惠，下面会讲到），受到很多的追捧。选用这么一个主机不仅可以用来搭建ss，有一定网页制作基础的同学也可以搭建自己的个人网站，甚至可以选择DO提供的高级套餐来进行机器学习等大规模云计算。</p>
<p><code>Shadowsocks</code> 是由大神 clowwindy（传说是妹纸）开发的一款基于SSH的通讯方式，或者理解为SSH的一个变种。简单来说，其原理就是在墙的两边分别建立起ssh-local和ssh-server两个端口，用户PC首先基于Socks5协议与ssh-local进行通讯，其信息由ssh-local进行多种可选方式的加密后通过墙与另一侧的ssh-server通讯，该信息由ssh-server解密后再对真正的目标地址进行请求。因为ssh-local与ssh-server之间的加密理论无法解密且不含特征信息，就是普通的TCP包，因此无法被捕获或拦截。由于该程序实在太过优秀，因此作者本人被请去喝了茶后就把github上的项目删去了，只留下一句：</p>
<pre><code>Removed according to regulations.
</code></pre><p>ps：以上是cope的。</p>
<h1 id="二-DigitalOcean注册与购买"><a href="#二-DigitalOcean注册与购买" class="headerlink" title="二. DigitalOcean注册与购买"></a>二. DigitalOcean注册与购买</h1><p>DigitalOcean的官网目前在中国大陆可以正常访问，欢迎通过我的<a href="https://m.do.co/c/c738abd7e496" target="_blank" rel="external">邀请链接进行注册</a>.即获得10美元的优惠。现在最低价为5美元/月，因此可以说得到了免费两个月的额度。之后如果您付款超过$25美元，我也会得到网站一定的奖励，是个互惠互利的事儿:)</p>
<h2 id="1-首先在主页即可注册：DigitalOcean官网-我的邀请链接可以得到10美金"><a href="#1-首先在主页即可注册：DigitalOcean官网-我的邀请链接可以得到10美金" class="headerlink" title="1.首先在主页即可注册：DigitalOcean官网 我的邀请链接可以得到10美金"></a>1.首先在主页即可注册：<a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">DigitalOcean官网</a> <a href="https://m.do.co/c/c738abd7e496" target="_blank" rel="external">我的邀请链接</a>可以得到10美金</h2><p><img src="/photo/bVWGw1.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<p>注测后添加付款方式：需要绑定“VISA信用卡”或“PayPal账户”用于付款。采用绑定“VISA信用卡”的方式，会先从账户中扣除1刀，10分钟左右返还，确定账户的可以付款，不需要提前付费；采用绑定“PayPal账户”的方式，必须首先至少充值5刀。</p>
<h2 id="2-创建“Droplet”虚拟机"><a href="#2-创建“Droplet”虚拟机" class="headerlink" title="2.创建“Droplet”虚拟机"></a>2.创建“Droplet”虚拟机</h2><ul>
<li>推荐的配置如下：</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-镜像和大小的选择"><a href="#1-镜像和大小的选择" class="headerlink" title="1.镜像和大小的选择"></a>1.镜像和大小的选择</h3><p><img src="/photo/镜像.png" alt=""></p>
<p>注：DigitalOcean是Shadowsocks Wiki上推荐的VPS之一，<br>同时Ubuntu是推荐的系统，<br>详情参见 <a href="https://github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks/wiki/Shadowsocks-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E" target="_blank" rel="external">Shadowsocks</a> 使用说明中的“服务器搭建”。</p>
<h3 id="2-选择服务器所在地区"><a href="#2-选择服务器所在地区" class="headerlink" title="2.选择服务器所在地区"></a>2.选择服务器所在地区</h3><p>服务器地址可从<a href="http://speedtest-fra1.digitalocean.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">DigitalOcean测速</a>网址进行测速。<br><img src="/photo/bVWGxG.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="3-其他"><a href="#3-其他" class="headerlink" title="3.其他"></a>3.其他</h3><p><img src="/photo/bVWGyg.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<p><img src="/photo/bVWGyH.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<ul>
<li>勾选IPv6。IPv6可用于连接教育网的PT站等。</li>
<li>添加SSH公钥，用于SSH远程连接主机。生成密钥的命令为ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “yourmail”。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="4-最后"><a href="#4-最后" class="headerlink" title="4.最后"></a>4.最后</h3><p>可以取个名字<br><img src="/photo/bVWGyO.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="二、服务器端ss配置"><a href="#二、服务器端ss配置" class="headerlink" title="二、服务器端ss配置"></a>二、服务器端ss配置</h2><p>如果没有配置ssh 你会发现自己的邮箱收到如下的一封邮件告诉了你IP地址（IP Address）、用户名（Username）和初始密码（Password）<br>如果配置了ssh，就可以直接登陆。</p>
<pre><code>ssh root@IP
</code></pre><h3 id="1-服务器端安装SS"><a href="#1-服务器端安装SS" class="headerlink" title="1.服务器端安装SS"></a>1.服务器端安装SS</h3><figure class="highlight objc"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">apt-get update <span class="comment">// 更新源中包列表</span></div><div class="line">apt-get install python-pip <span class="comment">// 安装pip</span></div><div class="line">pip install --upgrade pip <span class="comment">// 更新pip</span></div><div class="line">apt-get install git</div><div class="line">pip install git+https:<span class="comment">//github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks.git@master // 安装SS</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-安装chacha20加密"><a href="#2-安装chacha20加密" class="headerlink" title="2.安装chacha20加密"></a>2.安装chacha20加密</h3><p>虽然shadowsocks的作者推荐使用<code>aes-256-cfb</code>的加密算法，但是这个算法对手机或者openwrt路由器的压力还是不小的，于是后来Google推出的<code>chacha20</code>算法因为其安全性和惊人的速度被现在更多人使用。<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">apt-get install build-essential</div><div class="line">wget https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium/releases/download/1.0.8/libsodium-1.0.8.tar.gz</div><div class="line">tar xf libsodium-1.0.8.tar.gz && <span class="built_in">cd</span> libsodium-1.0.8</div><div class="line">./configure && make -j2</div><div class="line">make install</div><div class="line">ldconfig</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-服务器端配置"><a href="#3-服务器端配置" class="headerlink" title="3.服务器端配置"></a>3.服务器端配置</h3><ul>
<li>配置shadowsocks文件<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/shadowsocks.json</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<p>这是shadowsocks.json的详情：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">{</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"server"</span>: <span class="string">"服务器的ip"</span>,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"server_port"</span>: 8388,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"local_address"</span>: <span class="string">"127.0.0.1"</span>,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"local_port"</span>: 1080,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"password"</span>: <span class="string">"你的密码"</span>,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"timeout"</span>: 300,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"method"</span>: <span class="string">"chacha20"</span>,</div><div class="line"> <span class="string">"fast_open"</span>: <span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">}</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<ul>
<li>服务器端启动与停止(一直启动即可)<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json -d start</div><div class="line">ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json -d stop</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="三、BBR加速"><a href="#三、BBR加速" class="headerlink" title="三、BBR加速"></a>三、BBR加速</h2><p>TCP-BBR：Linux的内核必须是4.9.0-rc8 内核及以后的版本 才能开启，而锐速并不支持这个最新的内核版本，所以TCP-BBR和锐速是不能共存的。</p>
<h3 id="1-查看系统"><a href="#1-查看系统" class="headerlink" title="1.查看系统"></a>1.查看系统</h3><pre><code>uname -m
</code></pre><p>使用这个命令会返回你的系统位数，如果是 x86_64 那就是64位，如果是 i386 或 386 或 i686 或 686 那就是32位。</p>
<h3 id="2-下载内核文件"><a href="#2-下载内核文件" class="headerlink" title="2.下载内核文件"></a>2.下载内核文件</h3><ul>
<li>64位系统</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">wget -O linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.10.1/linux-image-4.10.1-041001-generic_4.10.1-041001.201702260735_amd64.deb</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>32位系统</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">wget -O linux-image-4.10.1-i386.deb http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.10.1/linux-image-4.10.1-041001-generic_4.10.1-041001.201702260735_i386.deb</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>下载完是这样的：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># VPS提示（64位）</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"> root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># wget -O linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.10.1/linux-image-4.10.1-041001-generic_4.10.1-041001.201702260735_amd64.deb</span></div><div class="line"> converted <span class="string">'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.10.1/linux-image-4.10.1-041001-generic_4.10.1-041001.201702260735_amd64.deb'</span> (ANSI_X3.4-1968) -> <span class="string">'http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.9-rc8/linux-image-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic_4.10.1-040900rc8.201612051443_amd64.deb'</span> (UTF-8)</div><div class="line"> --2016-12-08 15:31:16-- http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.9/linux-image-4.10.1-040900-generic_4.10.1-040900.201612111631_amd64.deb</div><div class="line"> Resolving kernel.ubuntu.com (kernel.ubuntu.com)... 91.189.94.216</div><div class="line"> Connecting to kernel.ubuntu.com (kernel.ubuntu.com)|91.189.94.216|:80... connected.</div><div class="line"> HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK</div><div class="line"> Length: 60489324 (58M) [application/x-debian-package]</div><div class="line"> Saving to: <span class="string">'linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb'</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"> linux-image-4.10.1-040900 100%[=====================================>] 57.69M 3.02MB/s <span class="keyword">in</span> 14s</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"> 2016-12-08 15:31:31 (4.05 MB/s) - <span class="string">'linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb'</span> saved [60489324/60489324]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-安装内核"><a href="#3-安装内核" class="headerlink" title="3.安装内核"></a>3.安装内核</h3><ul>
<li><p>64位系统</p>
<p> dpkg -i linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb</p>
</li>
<li><p>32位系统</p>
<p> dpkg -i linux-image-4.10.1-i386.deb</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>安装成功：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># VPS提示</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># dpkg -i linux-image-4.10.1-amd64.deb</span></div><div class="line">Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic.</div><div class="line">(Reading database ... 25141 files and directories currently installed.)</div><div class="line">Preparing to unpack linux-image-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic_4.10.1-040900rc8.201612051443_amd64.deb ...</div><div class="line">Done.</div><div class="line">Unpacking linux-image-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic (4.10.1-040900rc8.201612051443) ...</div><div class="line">Setting up linux-image-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic (4.10.1-040900rc8.201612051443) ...</div><div class="line">Running depmod.</div><div class="line">update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)</div><div class="line">Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.</div><div class="line">run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.10.1-040900rc8-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.10.1-040900rc8-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.10.1-040900rc8-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">Generating grub configuration file ...</div><div class="line">Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-4-amd64</div><div class="line">Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-4-amd64</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">done</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="4-列出并删除旧内核"><a href="#4-列出并删除旧内核" class="headerlink" title="4.列出并删除旧内核"></a>4.列出并删除旧内核</h3><p>列出VPS 除了刚才安装的内核以外的 所有内核名称：<br>ps:这个代码是排除了刚才安装的内核，所以不会显示刚才安装的那个内核。删除了多余的内核后，就会什么都不显示！</p>
<pre><code>dpkg -l|grep linux-image | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v 'linux-image-[4-9].[0-9]*.'
</code></pre><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># dpkg -l|grep linux-image | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v 'linux-image-[4-9].[0-9]*.'</span></div><div class="line">linux-image-3.16.0-4-amd64</div><div class="line">linux-image-amd64</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>删除旧内核：</p>
<pre><code>apt-get purge 旧内核名称
</code></pre><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># ！！！！示例！！！！</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># 比如我是有这两个内核，所以我把这两个删掉，不要照着我的这个步骤做，自己换成你VPS的内核名称！！！</span></div><div class="line">apt-get purge linux-image-3.16.0-4-amd64</div><div class="line">apt-get purge linux-image-amd64</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># ！！！！示例！！！！</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="5-更新-grub-系统引导文件并重启VPS"><a href="#5-更新-grub-系统引导文件并重启VPS" class="headerlink" title="5.更新 grub 系统引导文件并重启VPS"></a>5.更新 grub 系统引导文件并重启VPS</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># 更新系统引导文件</span></div><div class="line">update-grub</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># 重启VPS，执行后SSH链接会断开，等十几秒再重新连接继续执行下面的启动命令。</span></div><div class="line">reboot</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># VPS提示</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># update-grub</span></div><div class="line">Generating grub configuration file ...</div><div class="line">Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line">Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.10.1-040900rc8-generic</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">done</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="6-开启bbr"><a href="#6-开启bbr" class="headerlink" title="6.开启bbr"></a>6.开启bbr</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"net.core.default_qdisc=fq"</span> >> /etc/sysctl.conf</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr"</span> >> /etc/sysctl.conf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># 执行这个保存生效更改。</span></div><div class="line">sysctl -p</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># VPS提示</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># sysctl -p</span></div><div class="line">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 2</div><div class="line">net.core.default_qdisc = fq</div><div class="line">net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="7-关闭bbr"><a href="#7-关闭bbr" class="headerlink" title="7.关闭bbr"></a>7.关闭bbr</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sed -i <span class="string">'/net\.core\.default_qdisc=fq/d'</span> /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -i <span class="string">'/net\.ipv4\.tcp_congestion_control=bbr/d'</span> /etc/sysctl.conf</div><div class="line">sysctl -p</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#执行完上面的代码，就使用reboot重启VPS后才能关闭bbr，重启后再用下面的查看bbr状态代码，查看是否关闭了。</span></div><div class="line">reboot</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="8-查看bbr是否开启"><a href="#8-查看bbr是否开启" class="headerlink" title="8.查看bbr是否开启"></a>8.查看bbr是否开启</h3><ul>
<li><p>执行下面命令，如果结果中有bbr，即证明你的内核已开启bbr。</p>
<p> sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control</p>
</li>
<li><p>执行下面命令，看到有 tcp_bbr 模块，即说明bbr已启动</p>
<p> lsmod | grep bbr</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># VPS提示</span></div><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control</span></div><div class="line">net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = bbr cubic reno</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># ================================================</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">root@bbr1:~<span class="comment"># lsmod | grep bbr</span></div><div class="line">tcp_bbr 20480 0</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这样就可以快乐的翻墙出去观看世界了 ^_^</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[ubuntu强制清除垃圾回收站]]></title>
<url>/2017/11/22/ubuntu%E5%BC%BA%E5%88%B6%E6%B8%85%E9%99%A4%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6%E7%AB%99/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="强制清除垃圾回收站"><a href="#强制清除垃圾回收站" class="headerlink" title="强制清除垃圾回收站"></a>强制清除垃圾回收站</h1><a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="问题"><a href="#问题" class="headerlink" title="问题"></a>问题</h2><p>我遇到了无法在Ubuntu 16.04中清空回收站的问题。我右键回收站图标并选择清空回收站，就像我一直做的那样。我看到进度条显示删除文件中过了一段时间。但是它停止了,垃圾站中有些文件删除了，但有些文件还是没有删除。在看了文件夹后原来没有权限。</p>
<h2 id="方案"><a href="#方案" class="headerlink" title="方案"></a>方案</h2><p>Ubuntu 16.04的回收站路径为</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">：<span class="variable">$HOME</span>/.<span class="built_in">local</span>/share/Trash/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后用以下命令即可清空回收站</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo rm -fr <span class="variable">$HOME</span>/.<span class="built_in">local</span>/share/Trash/files/*</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category> linux </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> unbuntu </tag>
<tag> linux，垃圾站 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[ubuntu配置]]></title>
<url>/2017/10/29/ubuntu%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h1 id="ubuntu16-04安装后配置"><a href="#ubuntu16-04安装后配置" class="headerlink" title="ubuntu16.04安装后配置"></a>ubuntu16.04安装后配置</h1><a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="0-更新源"><a href="#0-更新源" class="headerlink" title="0.更新源"></a>0.更新源</h2><p>更换阿里云的源<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20170801)]/ xenial main restricted</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># newer versions of the distribution.</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## distribution.</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## security team.</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## 'partner' repository.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe</span></div><div class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>list文件在<code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>下</p>
<p>然后更新源和软件<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get update</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get dist-upgrade</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="1-更换显卡驱动"><a href="#1-更换显卡驱动" class="headerlink" title="1.更换显卡驱动"></a>1.更换显卡驱动</h2><p><img src="/photo/驱动01.png" alt="显卡更换"></p>
<p>ubuntu上有nvidia的驱动</p>
<h2 id="2-同步时间"><a href="#2-同步时间" class="headerlink" title="2.同步时间"></a>2.同步时间</h2><p>使用双系统时间不同，故要使用<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo timedatectl <span class="built_in">set</span>-local-rtc 1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="3-安装软件"><a href="#3-安装软件" class="headerlink" title="3.安装软件"></a>3.安装软件</h2><h3 id="3-1-删除亚马逊链接"><a href="#3-1-删除亚马逊链接" class="headerlink" title="3.1 删除亚马逊链接"></a>3.1 删除亚马逊链接</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get remove unity-webapps-common</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-2-安装vim"><a href="#3-2-安装vim" class="headerlink" title="3.2 安装vim"></a>3.2 安装vim</h3><pre><code>sudo apt-get install vim
</code></pre><h3 id="3-3-安装git和vpnc"><a href="#3-3-安装git和vpnc" class="headerlink" title="3.3 安装git和vpnc"></a>3.3 安装git和vpnc</h3><pre><code>sudo apt-get install vpnc git
</code></pre><h3 id="3-4-安装ExFat文件系统驱动"><a href="#3-4-安装ExFat文件系统驱动" class="headerlink" title="3.4 安装ExFat文件系统驱动"></a>3.4 安装ExFat文件系统驱动</h3><p>Ubuntu默认不支持exFat文件系统的挂载，需要手动安装exfat的支持</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse
</code></pre><h3 id="3-5-修复分区"><a href="#3-5-修复分区" class="headerlink" title="3.5 修复分区"></a>3.5 修复分区</h3><pre><code>sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda8
</code></pre><h3 id="3-6安装atom"><a href="#3-6安装atom" class="headerlink" title="3.6安装atom"></a>3.6安装atom</h3><p>官网下载最新版本 <a href="https://atom.io/" target="_blank" rel="external">atom</a></p>
<h3 id="3-7-uget-aria2下载工具"><a href="#3-7-uget-aria2下载工具" class="headerlink" title="3.7 uget+aria2下载工具"></a>3.7 uget+aria2下载工具</h3><p>安装uget和aria2<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get install uget aria2</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置</p>
<p> a.打开uget。</p>
<p> b.打开界面的编辑—>设置—>插件，插件匹配顺序：aria2 。</p>
<p> c.打开界面的分类—>默认一般设置。调整最大连接数（建议在5)。设置一下下载文件夹。</p>
<p>在火狐中使用Flashgot扩展就可以。</p>
<h3 id="3-8-安装shadowsocks-qt5"><a href="#3-8-安装shadowsocks-qt5" class="headerlink" title="3.8 安装shadowsocks-qt5"></a>3.8 安装shadowsocks-qt5</h3><ul>
<li>添加源安装</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hzwhuang/ss-qt5</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get update</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get install shadowsocks-qt5</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-9-安装wine-TIM"><a href="#3-9-安装wine-TIM" class="headerlink" title="3.9 安装wine/TIM"></a>3.9 安装wine/TIM</h3><p>使用 wine staging （ 开发版本的 wine ）安装详细教程 <a href="https://wine-staging.com/installation.html" target="_blank" rel="external">https://wine-staging.com/installation.html</a><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#add the repository:</span></div><div class="line">wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key</div><div class="line">sudo apt-key add Release.key</div><div class="line">sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#install</span></div><div class="line">sudo apt-get update</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-staging</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>去qq官网下载<a href="http://office.qq.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">TIM</a> 我使用的是TIM1.2。</p>
<p>安装wine后 ，命令执行<code>winecfg</code>然后会安装一些插件，选择安装它们。然后拷贝windows字体（不安装字体会使一些字无法查看）。</p>
<p>windows字体在c：\windows\fonts</p>
<p>把这个目录下字体全部复制到wine下的设置目录下：</p>
<p>~/.wine/drive_c/windows/Fonts/</p>
<p>重载所有wine的配置<code>wineboot</code><br>再次打开wine <code>winecfg</code>配置如图</p>
<p><img src="/photo/wine设置.png" alt="wine 设置"></p>
<p>然后重启一下wine <code>wineboot</code> 。安装tim时，使用Wine Windows Program Loader 打开TIM。然后就是windows下安装程序——点点点。</p>
<p>备注：此方法有个bug 当TIM打开讨论组时会是TIM崩溃。</p>
<p>建立桌面快捷方式<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[Desktop Entry]</div><div class="line">Encoding=UTF-8</div><div class="line">Version=1.2</div><div class="line">Name[en_US]=TIM</div><div class="line">Name[zh_CN]=腾讯TIM</div><div class="line">Exec=env LC_ALL=zh_CN.utf8 wine /home/h/.wine/drive_c/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/Tencent/TIM/Bin/TIM.exe</div><div class="line">Icon=/home/h/we/electronic-wechat-linux-x64/photo/TIM.ico</div><div class="line">Terminal=<span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">NoDisplay=<span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">StartupNotify=<span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">Type=Application</div><div class="line">Categories=Network;InstantMessaging;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-10-安装electronic-wechat"><a href="#3-10-安装electronic-wechat" class="headerlink" title="3.10 安装electronic-wechat"></a>3.10 安装electronic-wechat</h3><p>项目在 <a href="https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat" target="_blank" rel="external">github</a> 上 。<br>我使用源码安装失败了，npm总是出错，不知为什么。（如果你使用源码安装成功，请求教）最后使用安装版，见此 <a href="https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat/releases" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat/releases</a></p>
<p>在桌面上建立图标<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[Desktop Entry]</div><div class="line">Encoding=UTF-8</div><div class="line">Name=微信</div><div class="line">Comment=electronic-wechat</div><div class="line">Exec=/home/h/we/electronic-wechat-linux-x64/electronic-wechat</div><div class="line">Icon=/home/h/we/electronic-wechat-linux-x64/photo/icon.png</div><div class="line">Terminal=<span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">StartupNotify=<span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">Type=Application</div><div class="line">Categories=Application</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-11-安装最新的python3"><a href="#3-11-安装最新的python3" class="headerlink" title="3.11 安装最新的python3"></a>3.11 安装最新的python3</h3><p>首先下载最新的python版本，这个在python官网上下载<a href="https://www.python.org/downloads/" target="_blank" rel="external">python官网</a></p>
<p>解压 进入其目录<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">./configure</div><div class="line">make</div><div class="line">make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>安装完后检查二进制文件的位置<br><figure class="highlight ruby"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">which python3</div><div class="line">python3 -V <span class="comment">#V是大写的</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-12安装最新版本的npm-和-nodejs"><a href="#3-12安装最新版本的npm-和-nodejs" class="headerlink" title="3.12安装最新版本的npm 和 nodejs"></a>3.12安装最新版本的npm 和 nodejs</h3><p>首先安装npm和 nodejs<br><figure class="highlight ruby"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get install nodejs-legacy</div><div class="line">suao apt-get install npm</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>ubuntu上安装时npm和nodejs都是低版本。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>升级npm</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo npm install npm -g</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>升级node.js</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo npm install -g n</div><div class="line">sudo n stable</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="4-gnome3的安装和配置"><a href="#4-gnome3的安装和配置" class="headerlink" title="4.gnome3的安装和配置"></a>4.gnome3的安装和配置</h2><ul>
<li><p>安装gnome</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get install gnome</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>arc主题<br>在github上的项目 <a href="https://github.com/horst3180/arc-theme" target="_blank" rel="external">horst3180/arc-theme</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>Papirus图标<br>github上项目<a href="https://github.com/PapirusDevelopmentTeam/papirus-icon-theme" target="_blank" rel="external">PapirusDevelopmentTeam/papirus-icon-theme</a></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo add-apt-repository ppa:papirus/papirus</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get update</div><div class="line">sudo apt-get install papirus-icon-theme</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category> ubuntu 安装 </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> 教程 </tag>
<tag> ubuntu </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[github+hexo 搭建博客]]></title>
<url>/2017/10/15/github-hexo-%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<iframe frameborder="no" border="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="330" height="86" src="//music.163.com/outchain/player?type=2&id=439915614&auto=0&height=66"></iframe>
<h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p> 本文章讲述如何利用 <a href="https://github.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">github pages</a> 和 <a href="https://hexo.io/" target="_blank" rel="external">hexo</a> 建博客</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="准备环境"><a href="#准备环境" class="headerlink" title="准备环境"></a>准备环境</h2><ul>
<li>有一个github账号，没有的话去 github <a href="https://github.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/</a> 注册一个；</li>
<li>安装node.js、npm</li>
<li>安装git</li>
<li>安装hexo</li>
</ul>
<p>本文所使用的环境：</p>
<ul>
<li>ubuntu 16.04</li>
<li>node.js 8.6.0</li>
<li>git 2.7.4</li>
<li>hexo 3.3.9</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="搭建github博客"><a href="#搭建github博客" class="headerlink" title="搭建github博客"></a>搭建github博客</h1><h2 id="创建仓库"><a href="#创建仓库" class="headerlink" title="创建仓库"></a>创建仓库</h2><p>在注册完github帐号后，新建一个名为<code>用户名.github.io</code>的仓库，比如说，如果你的github用户名是test，那么你就新建<code>test.github.io</code>的仓库（必须是你的用户名，其它名称无效），将来你的网站访问地址就是 <a href="http://test.github.io" target="_blank" rel="external">http://test.github.io</a> 。</p>
<p><img src="/photo/注册1.png" alt=""></p>
<p>由此可见，每一个github账户最多只能创建一个这样可以直接使用域名访问的仓库。</p>
<p>几个注意的地方：</p>
<ol>
<li>注册的邮箱一定要验证，否则不会成功；</li>
<li>仓库名字必须是：<code>username.github.io</code>，其中<code>username</code>是你的用户名；</li>
</ol>
<p>创建成功后，默认会在你这个仓库里生成一些示例页面，以后你的网站所有代码都是放在这个仓库里啦。</p>
<h2 id="node-js-amp-amp-npm-安装"><a href="#node-js-amp-amp-npm-安装" class="headerlink" title="node.js&&npm 安装"></a>node.js&&npm 安装</h2><ul>
<li>node官网 <v> <a href="https://nodejs.org/en/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://nodejs.org/en/</a></v></li>
<li>npm官网 <v> <a href="https://www.npmjs.com" target="_blank" rel="external">https://www.npmjs.com</a></v></li>
</ul>
<p>ubuntu下安装</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get install nodejs && npm</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="git-安装"><a href="#git-安装" class="headerlink" title="git 安装"></a>git 安装</h2><ul>
<li><p>git官网下载 <v> <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://git-scm.com/downloads/</a></v></p>
<p>Windows: <v> <a href="https://windows.github.com/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://windows.github.com/</a></v></p>
<p>Mac: <v> <a href="https://mac.github.com" target="_blank" rel="external">https://mac.github.com</a></v></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>其实ubuntu下直接安装就好:</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sudo apt-get install git</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="配置SSH-key"><a href="#配置SSH-key" class="headerlink" title="配置SSH key"></a>配置SSH key</h1><p>为什么要配置这个呢？因为你提交代码肯定要拥有你的github权限才可以，但是直接使用用户名和密码太不安全了，所以我们使用ssh key来解决本地和服务器的连接问题。</p>
<p>用git bash执行如下命令：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ <span class="built_in">cd</span> ~/. ssh <span class="comment">#检查本机已存在的ssh密钥</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果提示：No such file or directory 说明你是第一次使用git。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ssh-keygen -t rsa -C <span class="string">"邮件地址"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后连续3次回车，最终会生成一个文件在用户目录下，打开用户目录，找到<code>.ssh\id_rsa.pub</code>文件，记事本打开并复制里面的内容，打开你的github主页，进入个人设置 -> SSH and GPG keys -> New SSH key：</p>
<p><img src="http://image.liuxianan.com/201608/20160818_143914_495_9084.png" alt=""></p>
<p>将刚复制的内容粘贴到key那里，title随便填，保存。</p>
<h2 id="测试是否成功"><a href="#测试是否成功" class="headerlink" title="测试是否成功"></a>测试是否成功</h2><p> $ ssh -T [email protected] # 注意邮箱地址不改</p>
<p>如果提示<code>Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?</code>，输入yes，然后会看到：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Hi liuxianan! You’ve successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>看到这个信息说明SSH已配置成功！</p>
<p>此时你还需要配置：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ git config --global user.name <span class="string">"liuxianan"</span>// 你的github用户名，非昵称</div><div class="line">$ git config --global user.email <span class="string">"[email protected]"</span>// 填写你的github注册邮箱</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>配置完之后输入：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ git config --list <span class="comment">#查看已设配置</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>查看username，email是否正确</p>
<h1 id="使用hexo写博客"><a href="#使用hexo写博客" class="headerlink" title="使用hexo写博客"></a>使用hexo写博客</h1><h2 id="hexo简介"><a href="#hexo简介" class="headerlink" title="hexo简介"></a>hexo简介</h2><p>Hexo是一个简单、快速、强大的基于 Github Pages 的博客发布工具，支持Markdown格式，有众多优秀插件和主题。</p>
<p>官网： <a href="http://hexo.io" target="_blank" rel="external">http://hexo.io</a><br>github: <a href="https://github.com/hexojs/hexo" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/hexojs/hexo</a></p>
<h2 id="原理"><a href="#原理" class="headerlink" title="原理"></a>原理</h2><p>由于github pages存放的都是静态文件，博客存放的不只是文章内容，还有文章列表、分类、标签、翻页等动态内容，假如每次写完一篇文章都要手动更新博文目录和相关链接信息，相信谁都会疯掉，所以hexo所做的就是将这些md文件都放在本地，每次写完文章后调用写好的命令来批量完成相关页面的生成，然后再将有改动的页面提交到github。</p>
<h2 id="安装"><a href="#安装" class="headerlink" title="安装"></a>安装</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ npm install -g hexo</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="初始化"><a href="#初始化" class="headerlink" title="初始化"></a>初始化</h2><p>在电脑的某个地方新建一个名为hexo的文件夹（名字可以随便取）<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ <span class="built_in">cd</span> ~/hexo/</div><div class="line">$ hexo init <span class="comment">#初始化文件夹</span></div><div class="line">$ npm install <span class="comment">#安装包</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>hexo安装成功后，hexo文件夹目录为：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">.</div><div class="line">├── _config.yml // 网站的配置信息，你可以在此配置大部分的参数。</div><div class="line">├── package.json</div><div class="line">├── scaffolds // 模板文件夹。当你新建文章时，Hexo会根据scaffold来建立文件。</div><div class="line">├── source // 存放用户资源的地方</div><div class="line">| ├── _drafts</div><div class="line">| └── _posts</div><div class="line">└── themes // 存放网站的主题。Hexo会根据主题来生成静态页面</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>具体内容可见<a href="https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/setup.html" target="_blank" rel="external">hexo建站</a></p>
<p>然后输入下面：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ hexo g <span class="comment"># 生成public文件夹（浏览器访问资源）</span></div><div class="line">$ hexo s <span class="comment"># 启动服务</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>执行以上命令之后，hexo就会在public文件夹生成相关html文件，这些文件将来都是要提交到github去的</p>
<p><code>hexo s</code>是开启本地预览服务，打开浏览器访问 <a href="http://localhost:4000" target="_blank" rel="external">http://localhost:4000</a> 即可看到内容，很多人会碰到浏览器一直在转圈但是就是加载不出来的问题，一般情况下是因为端口占用的缘故，因为4000这个端口太常见了，解决端口冲突问题请参考这篇文章：</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.liuxianan.com/windows-port-bind.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://blog.liuxianan.com/windows-port-bind.html</a></p>
<p>第一次初始化的时候hexo已经帮我们写了一篇名为 Hello World 的文章，默认的主题比较丑，打开时就是这个样子：</p>
<p><img src="/photo/2017.10.15.22.1.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="配对ssr"><a href="#配对ssr" class="headerlink" title="配对ssr"></a>配对ssr</h2><p>打开<code>~\Hexo</code> 文件夹中的<code>_config.yml</code>文件，填写内容<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Deployment</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Docs: https://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html</span></div><div class="line">deploy:</div><div class="line"> <span class="built_in">type</span>: git</div><div class="line"> repository: [email protected]:WarlockFish/WarlockFish.github.io.git <span class="comment">#填入你的github链接，我填的是我的</span></div><div class="line"> branch: master</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="修改主题"><a href="#修改主题" class="headerlink" title="修改主题"></a>修改主题</h2><p>默认主题很丑，可以来替换一个好看点的主题。这是 <a href="https://hexo.io/themes/" target="_blank" rel="external">官方主题</a> 链接</p>
<p>我使用的是 <a href="https://github.com/iissnan/hexo-theme-next" target="_blank" rel="external">next</a> .<br>喜欢使用可以安装：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ git <span class="built_in">clone</span> https://github.com/iissnan/hexo-theme-next themes/next</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>记住要在hexo目录中执行上面指令。</p>
<p>修改<code>hexo</code>目录中的<code>_config.yml</code>中的<code>theme: landscape</code>改为<code>theme: next</code>，保存退出，<br>然后执行<code>hexo g</code>来重新生成文件。<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Extensions</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Plugins: https://hexo.io/plugins/</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">## Themes: https://hexo.io/themes/</span></div><div class="line">theme: next</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="写博客"><a href="#写博客" class="headerlink" title="写博客"></a>写博客</h2><p>在<code>hexo</code>下</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">hexo n <span class="string">"name of the new post"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在<code>~/hexo/source/_posts</code>下会生成一份博客，Hexo使用MarkDown写作语法。写完后可以使用<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">hexo g</div><div class="line">hexo s</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>然后可以在本地访问 <a href="http://localhost:4000" target="_blank" rel="external">http://localhost:4000</a> 查看效果，便于更改</p>
<h2 id="更新Github"><a href="#更新Github" class="headerlink" title="更新Github"></a>更新Github</h2><p>进入目录<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ <span class="built_in">cd</span> ./hexo</div><div class="line">$ hexo g <span class="comment">#编译本地内容</span></div><div class="line">$ hexo d <span class="comment">#上传到github上</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>这样就发布成功了，可以在网络上访问了。</p>
<p>谢谢阅读！！</p>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category> github + hexo </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> new </tag>
<tag> github pages </tag>
<tag> hexo </tag>
<tag> 教程 </tag>
<tag> 配置 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[my-first-blog]]></title>
<url>/2017/10/07/my-first-blog/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<iframe frameborder="no" border="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="330" height="86" src="//music.163.com/outchain/
player?type=2&id=28138493&auto=0&height=66"></iframe>
<h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p>使用github pages服务搭建博客的好处有：</p>
<ol>
<li><p>全是静态文件，访问速度快；</p>
</li>
<li><p>免费方便，不用花一分钱就可以搭建一个自由的个人博客，不需要服务器不需要后台；</p>
<a id="more"></a>
</li>
<li><p>可以随意绑定自己的域名，不仔细看的话根本看不出来你的网站是基于github的；</p>
</li>
<li><p>数据绝对安全，基于github的版本管理，想恢复到哪个历史版本都行；</p>
</li>
<li><p>博客内容可以轻松打包、转移、发布到其它平台；</p>
</li>
<li><p>等等；</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="/photo/train.jpg" alt=""></p>
]]></content>
<categories>
<category> github pages </category>
</categories>
<tags>
<tag> new </tag>
<tag> github pages </tag>
<tag> 静态网站 </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
<entry>
<title><![CDATA[Hello World]]></title>
<url>/2017/10/07/hello-world/</url>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Welcome to <a href="https://hexo.io/" target="_blank" rel="external">Hexo</a>! This is your very first post. Check <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/" target="_blank" rel="external">documentation</a> for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html" target="_blank" rel="external">troubleshooting</a> or you can ask me on <a href="https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues" target="_blank" rel="external">GitHub</a>.</p>
<h2 id="Quick-Start"><a href="#Quick-Start" class="headerlink" title="Quick Start"></a>Quick Start</h2><h3 id="Create-a-new-post"><a href="#Create-a-new-post" class="headerlink" title="Create a new post"></a>Create a new post</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ hexo new <span class="string">"My New Post"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/writing.html" target="_blank" rel="external">Writing</a></p>
<h3 id="Run-server"><a href="#Run-server" class="headerlink" title="Run server"></a>Run server</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ hexo server</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/server.html" target="_blank" rel="external">Server</a></p>
<h3 id="Generate-static-files"><a href="#Generate-static-files" class="headerlink" title="Generate static files"></a>Generate static files</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ hexo generate</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/generating.html" target="_blank" rel="external">Generating</a></p>
<h3 id="Deploy-to-remote-sites"><a href="#Deploy-to-remote-sites" class="headerlink" title="Deploy to remote sites"></a>Deploy to remote sites</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">$ hexo deploy</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>More info: <a href="https://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html" target="_blank" rel="external">Deployment</a></p>
]]></content>
<tags>
<tag> hello world </tag>
</tags>
</entry>
</search>