Adafruit_GrayOLED.cpp

/*!
 * @file Adafruit_GrayOLED.cpp
 *
 * This is documentation for Adafruit's generic library for grayscale
 * OLED displays: http://www.adafruit.com/category/63_98
 *
 * These displays use I2C or SPI to communicate. I2C requires 2 pins
 * (SCL+SDA) and optionally a RESET pin. SPI requires 4 pins (MOSI, SCK,
 * select, data/command) and optionally a reset pin. Hardware SPI or
 * 'bitbang' software SPI are both supported.
 *
 * Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
 * please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing
 * products from Adafruit!
 *
 */

// Not for ATtiny, at all
#if !defined(__AVR_ATtiny85__) && !defined(__AVR_ATtiny84__)

#include "Adafruit_GrayOLED.h"
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

// SOME DEFINES AND STATIC VARIABLES USED INTERNALLY -----------------------

#define grayoled_swap(a, b)                                                    \
  (((a) ^= (b)), ((b) ^= (a)), ((a) ^= (b))) ///< No-temp-var swap operation

// CONSTRUCTORS, DESTRUCTOR ------------------------------------------------

/*!
    @brief  Constructor for I2C-interfaced OLED displays.
    @param  bpp Bits per pixel, 1 for monochrome, 4 for 16-gray
    @param  w
            Display width in pixels
    @param  h
            Display height in pixels
    @param  twi
            Pointer to an existing TwoWire instance (e.g. &Wire, the
            microcontroller's primary I2C bus).
    @param  rst_pin
            Reset pin (using Arduino pin numbering), or -1 if not used
            (some displays might be wired to share the microcontroller's
            reset pin).
    @param  clkDuring
            Speed (in Hz) for Wire transmissions in library calls.
            Defaults to 400000 (400 KHz), a known 'safe' value for most
            microcontrollers, and meets the OLED datasheet spec.
            Some systems can operate I2C faster (800 KHz for ESP32, 1 MHz
            for many other 32-bit MCUs), and some (perhaps not all)
            Many OLED's can work with this -- so it's optionally be specified
            here and is not a default behavior. (Ignored if using pre-1.5.7
            Arduino software, which operates I2C at a fixed 100 KHz.)
    @param  clkAfter
            Speed (in Hz) for Wire transmissions following library
            calls. Defaults to 100000 (100 KHz), the default Arduino Wire
            speed. This is done rather than leaving it at the 'during' speed
            because other devices on the I2C bus might not be compatible
            with the faster rate. (Ignored if using pre-1.5.7 Arduino
            software, which operates I2C at a fixed 100 KHz.)
    @note   Call the object's begin() function before use -- buffer
            allocation is performed there!
*/
Adafruit_GrayOLED::Adafruit_GrayOLED(uint8_t bpp, uint16_t w, uint16_t h,
                                     TwoWire *twi, int8_t rst_pin,
                                     uint32_t clkDuring, uint32_t clkAfter)
    : Adafruit_GFX(w, h), i2c_preclk(clkDuring), i2c_postclk(clkAfter),
      buffer(NULL), dcPin(-1), csPin(-1), rstPin(rst_pin), _bpp(bpp) {
  i2c_dev = NULL;
  _theWire = twi;
}

/*!
    @brief  Constructor for SPI GrayOLED displays, using software (bitbang)
            SPI.
    @param  bpp Bits per pixel, 1 for monochrome, 4 for 16-gray
    @param  w
            Display width in pixels
    @param  h
            Display height in pixels
    @param  mosi_pin
            MOSI (master out, slave in) pin (using Arduino pin numbering).
            This transfers serial data from microcontroller to display.
    @param  sclk_pin
            SCLK (serial clock) pin (using Arduino pin numbering).
            This clocks each bit from MOSI.
    @param  dc_pin
            Data/command pin (using Arduino pin numbering), selects whether
            display is receiving commands (low) or data (high).
    @param  rst_pin
            Reset pin (using Arduino pin numbering), or -1 if not used
            (some displays might be wired to share the microcontroller's
            reset pin).
    @param  cs_pin
            Chip-select pin (using Arduino pin numbering) for sharing the
            bus with other devices. Active low.
    @note   Call the object's begin() function before use -- buffer
            allocation is performed there!
*/
Adafruit_GrayOLED::Adafruit_GrayOLED(uint8_t bpp, uint16_t w, uint16_t h,
                                     int8_t mosi_pin, int8_t sclk_pin,
                                     int8_t dc_pin, int8_t rst_pin,
                                     int8_t cs_pin)
    : Adafruit_GFX(w, h), dcPin(dc_pin), csPin(cs_pin), rstPin(rst_pin),
      _bpp(bpp) {

  spi_dev = new Adafruit_SPIDevice(cs_pin, sclk_pin, -1, mosi_pin, 1000000);
}

/*!
    @brief  Constructor for SPI GrayOLED displays, using native hardware SPI.
    @param  bpp Bits per pixel, 1 for monochrome, 4 for 16-gray
    @param  w
            Display width in pixels
    @param  h
            Display height in pixels
    @param  spi
            Pointer to an existing SPIClass instance (e.g. &SPI, the
            microcontroller's primary SPI bus).
    @param  dc_pin
            Data/command pin (using Arduino pin numbering), selects whether
            display is receiving commands (low) or data (high).
    @param  rst_pin
            Reset pin (using Arduino pin numbering), or -1 if not used
            (some displays might be wired to share the microcontroller's
            reset pin).
    @param  cs_pin
            Chip-select pin (using Arduino pin numbering) for sharing the
            bus with other devices. Active low.
    @param  bitrate
            SPI clock rate for transfers to this display. Default if
            unspecified is 8000000UL (8 MHz).
    @note   Call the object's begin() function before use -- buffer
            allocation is performed there!
*/
Adafruit_GrayOLED::Adafruit_GrayOLED(uint8_t bpp, uint16_t w, uint16_t h,
                                     SPIClass *spi, int8_t dc_pin,
                                     int8_t rst_pin, int8_t cs_pin,
                                     uint32_t bitrate)
    : Adafruit_GFX(w, h), dcPin(dc_pin), csPin(cs_pin), rstPin(rst_pin),
      _bpp(bpp) {

  spi_dev = new Adafruit_SPIDevice(cs_pin, bitrate, SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST,
                                   SPI_MODE0, spi);
}

/*!
    @brief  Destructor for Adafruit_GrayOLED object.
*/
Adafruit_GrayOLED::~Adafruit_GrayOLED(void) {
  if (buffer) {
    free(buffer);
    buffer = NULL;
  }
  if (spi_dev)
    delete spi_dev;
  if (i2c_dev)
    delete i2c_dev;
}

// LOW-LEVEL UTILS ---------------------------------------------------------

/*!
    @brief Issue single command byte to OLED, using I2C or hard/soft SPI as
   needed.
    @param c The single byte command
*/
void Adafruit_GrayOLED::oled_command(uint8_t c) {
  if (i2c_dev) {                // I2C
    uint8_t buf[2] = {0x00, c}; // Co = 0, D/C = 0
    i2c_dev->write(buf, 2);
  } else { // SPI (hw or soft) -- transaction started in calling function
    digitalWrite(dcPin, LOW);
    spi_dev->write(&c, 1);
  }
}

// Issue list of commands to GrayOLED
/*!
    @brief Issue multiple bytes of commands OLED, using I2C or hard/soft SPI as
   needed.
    @param c Pointer to the command array
    @param n The number of bytes in the command array
    @returns True for success on ability to write the data in I2C.
*/

bool Adafruit_GrayOLED::oled_commandList(const uint8_t *c, uint8_t n) {
  if (i2c_dev) {            // I2C
    uint8_t dc_byte = 0x00; // Co = 0, D/C = 0
    if (!i2c_dev->write((uint8_t *)c, n, true, &dc_byte, 1)) {
      return false;
    }
  } else { // SPI -- transaction started in calling function
    digitalWrite(dcPin, LOW);
    if (!spi_dev->write((uint8_t *)c, n)) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}

// ALLOCATE & INIT DISPLAY -------------------------------------------------

/*!
    @brief  Allocate RAM for image buffer, initialize peripherals and pins.
            Note that subclasses must call this before other begin() init
    @param  addr
            I2C address of corresponding oled display.
            SPI displays (hardware or software) do not use addresses, but
            this argument is still required. Default if unspecified is 0x3C.
    @param  reset
            If true, and if the reset pin passed to the constructor is
            valid, a hard reset will be performed before initializing the
            display. If using multiple oled displays on the same bus, and
            if they all share the same reset pin, you should only pass true
            on the first display being initialized, false on all others,
            else the already-initialized displays would be reset. Default if
            unspecified is true.
    @return true on successful allocation/init, false otherwise.
            Well-behaved code should check the return value before
            proceeding.
    @note   MUST call this function before any drawing or updates!
*/
bool Adafruit_GrayOLED::_init(uint8_t addr, bool reset) {

  // attempt to malloc the bitmap framebuffer
  if ((!buffer) &&
      !(buffer = (uint8_t *)malloc(_bpp * WIDTH * ((HEIGHT + 7) / 8)))) {
    return false;
  }

  // Reset OLED if requested and reset pin specified in constructor
  if (reset && (rstPin >= 0)) {
    pinMode(rstPin, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(rstPin, HIGH);
    delay(10);                  // VDD goes high at start, pause
    digitalWrite(rstPin, LOW);  // Bring reset low
    delay(10);                  // Wait 10 ms
    digitalWrite(rstPin, HIGH); // Bring out of reset
    delay(10);
  }

  // Setup pin directions
  if (_theWire) { // using I2C
    i2c_dev = new Adafruit_I2CDevice(addr, _theWire);
    // look for i2c address:
    if (!i2c_dev || !i2c_dev->begin()) {
      return false;
    }
  } else { // Using one of the SPI modes, either soft or hardware
    if (!spi_dev || !spi_dev->begin()) {
      return false;
    }
    pinMode(dcPin, OUTPUT); // Set data/command pin as output
  }

  clearDisplay();

  // set max dirty window
  window_x1 = 0;
  window_y1 = 0;
  window_x2 = WIDTH - 1;
  window_y2 = HEIGHT - 1;

  return true; // Success
}

// DRAWING FUNCTIONS -------------------------------------------------------

/*!
    @brief  Set/clear/invert a single pixel. This is also invoked by the
            Adafruit_GFX library in generating many higher-level graphics
            primitives.
    @param  x
            Column of display -- 0 at left to (screen width - 1) at right.
    @param  y
            Row of display -- 0 at top to (screen height -1) at bottom.
    @param  color
            Pixel color, one of: MONOOLED_BLACK, MONOOLED_WHITE or
   MONOOLED_INVERT.
    @note   Changes buffer contents only, no immediate effect on display.
            Follow up with a call to display(), or with other graphics
            commands as needed by one's own application.
*/
void Adafruit_GrayOLED::drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) {
  if ((x >= 0) && (x < width()) && (y >= 0) && (y < height())) {
    // Pixel is in-bounds. Rotate coordinates if needed.
    switch (getRotation()) {
    case 1:
      grayoled_swap(x, y);
      x = WIDTH - x - 1;
      break;
    case 2:
      x = WIDTH - x - 1;
      y = HEIGHT - y - 1;
      break;
    case 3:
      grayoled_swap(x, y);
      y = HEIGHT - y - 1;
      break;
    }

    // adjust dirty window
    window_x1 = min(window_x1, x);
    window_y1 = min(window_y1, y);
    window_x2 = max(window_x2, x);
    window_y2 = max(window_y2, y);

    if (_bpp == 1) {
      switch (color) {
      case MONOOLED_WHITE:
        buffer[x + (y / 8) * WIDTH] |= (1 << (y & 7));
        break;
      case MONOOLED_BLACK:
        buffer[x + (y / 8) * WIDTH] &= ~(1 << (y & 7));
        break;
      case MONOOLED_INVERSE:
        buffer[x + (y / 8) * WIDTH] ^= (1 << (y & 7));
        break;
      }
    }
    if (_bpp == 4) {
      uint8_t *pixelptr = &buffer[x / 2 + (y * WIDTH / 2)];
      // Serial.printf("(%d, %d) -> offset %d\n", x, y, x/2 + (y * WIDTH / 2));
      if (x % 2 == 0) { // even, left nibble
        uint8_t t = pixelptr[0] & 0x0F;
        t |= (color & 0xF) << 4;
        pixelptr[0] = t;
      } else { // odd, right lower nibble
        uint8_t t = pixelptr[0] & 0xF0;
        t |= color & 0xF;
        pixelptr[0] = t;
      }
    }
  }
}

/*!
    @brief  Clear contents of display buffer (set all pixels to off).
    @note   Changes buffer contents only, no immediate effect on display.
            Follow up with a call to display(), or with other graphics
            commands as needed by one's own application.
*/
void Adafruit_GrayOLED::clearDisplay(void) {
  memset(buffer, 0, _bpp * WIDTH * ((HEIGHT + 7) / 8));
  // set max dirty window
  window_x1 = 0;
  window_y1 = 0;
  window_x2 = WIDTH - 1;
  window_y2 = HEIGHT - 1;
}

/*!
    @brief  Return color of a single pixel in display buffer.
    @param  x
            Column of display -- 0 at left to (screen width - 1) at right.
    @param  y
            Row of display -- 0 at top to (screen height -1) at bottom.
    @return true if pixel is set (usually MONOOLED_WHITE, unless display invert
   mode is enabled), false if clear (MONOOLED_BLACK).
    @note   Reads from buffer contents; may not reflect current contents of
            screen if display() has not been called.
*/
bool Adafruit_GrayOLED::getPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) {
  if ((x >= 0) && (x < width()) && (y >= 0) && (y < height())) {
    // Pixel is in-bounds. Rotate coordinates if needed.
    switch (getRotation()) {
    case 1:
      grayoled_swap(x, y);
      x = WIDTH - x - 1;
      break;
    case 2:
      x = WIDTH - x - 1;
      y = HEIGHT - y - 1;
      break;
    case 3:
      grayoled_swap(x, y);
      y = HEIGHT - y - 1;
      break;
    }
    return (buffer[x + (y / 8) * WIDTH] & (1 << (y & 7)));
  }
  return false; // Pixel out of bounds
}

/*!
    @brief  Get base address of display buffer for direct reading or writing.
    @return Pointer to an unsigned 8-bit array, column-major, columns padded
            to full byte boundary if needed.
*/
uint8_t *Adafruit_GrayOLED::getBuffer(void) { return buffer; }

// OTHER HARDWARE SETTINGS -------------------------------------------------

/*!
    @brief  Enable or disable display invert mode (white-on-black vs
            black-on-white). Handy for testing!
    @param  i
            If true, switch to invert mode (black-on-white), else normal
            mode (white-on-black).
    @note   This has an immediate effect on the display, no need to call the
            display() function -- buffer contents are not changed, rather a
            different pixel mode of the display hardware is used. When
            enabled, drawing MONOOLED_BLACK (value 0) pixels will actually draw
   white, MONOOLED_WHITE (value 1) will draw black.
*/
void Adafruit_GrayOLED::invertDisplay(bool i) {
  oled_command(i ? GRAYOLED_INVERTDISPLAY : GRAYOLED_NORMALDISPLAY);
}

/*!
    @brief  Adjust the display contrast.
    @param  level The contrast level from 0 to 0x7F
    @note   This has an immediate effect on the display, no need to call the
            display() function -- buffer contents are not changed.
*/
void Adafruit_GrayOLED::setContrast(uint8_t level) {
  uint8_t cmd[] = {GRAYOLED_SETCONTRAST, level};
  oled_commandList(cmd, 2);
}

#endif /* ATTIN85 not supported */