Exercises created by Joost Van Durme
We compare structures by superposing (or structurally align) them on top of each other. That is, we superpose structurally equivalent atoms. For now, we will only superpose CA atoms, so backbones. But Yasara also can superpose on any type of atom you want. You always need to specify:
- source object(s): the structure(s) that needs to be rotated and translated to superpose on another structure
- target object: the structure to superpose on
An optimal superposition is found when the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) is at a minimum. The RMSD is given as:
Where R is the distance between two structurally equivalent atom pairs (CA in our case) and n is the total number of atom pairs.
Download the five files containing each a different crystal structure of the chaperone DnaK: 1DKX_1.pdb, 1DKY_1.pdb, 1DKZ_1.pdb, 3DPO_1.pdb, 3DPP_1.pdb.
Now load all of them in YASARA:
File > Load > PDB File
and select the CA (C-alpha) view (F4) and superpose with the MUSTANG algorithm:
Analyze > Align > Objects with MUSTANG
In the first window you have to select the source objects that will be repositioned. Select Objects 2 till 5. In the second window you select the target Object to superpose on. That would then be the first object.
Notice that YASARA prints the RMSD of every superposition in the lower Console. Open the Console by pressing the spacebar once or twice to extend it.
Color the atoms by their B-factor:
View > Color > Atom > Belongs to or has > All
Then choose BFactor in the next window and press 'Apply unique color'.
High BFactors are yellow, low BFactors are blue.
Do you see a correlation between the BFactors and the variability in the structure?