diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/arbitrum.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/arbitrum.rs
index a76c4b385..87e13eff8 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/arbitrum.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/arbitrum.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use alloy_provider::Provider as AlloyProvider;
 use alloy_sol_types::sol;
 use alloy_transport::Transport;
 use rundler_types::da::{DAGasBlockData, DAGasUOData};
+use tracing::instrument;
 use NodeInterface::NodeInterfaceInstance;
 
 use super::DAGasOracle;
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn estimate_da_gas(
         &self,
         uo_data: Bytes,
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/bedrock.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/bedrock.rs
index 275fa565f..15d08088f 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/bedrock.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/bedrock.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use reth_tasks::pool::BlockingTaskPool;
 use rundler_types::da::{BedrockDAGasBlockData, BedrockDAGasUOData, DAGasBlockData, DAGasUOData};
 use rundler_utils::cache::LruMap;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex as TokioMutex;
-use tracing::error;
+use tracing::{error, instrument};
 
 use super::multicall::{self, Multicall::MulticallInstance, MULTICALL_BYTECODE};
 use crate::{
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn estimate_da_gas(
         &self,
         data: Bytes,
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn block_data(&self, block: BlockHashOrNumber) -> ProviderResult<DAGasBlockData> {
         let mut cache = self.block_data_cache.lock().await;
         match cache.get(&block) {
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self, uo_data))]
     async fn uo_data(
         &self,
         uo_data: Bytes,
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn is_fjord(&self) -> bool {
         self.oracle
             .isFjord()
@@ -157,6 +161,7 @@ where
             .unwrap_or(true) // Fail-open. Assume fjord if we can't check, so this can be used downstream in asserts w/o panic on RPC errors.
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_block_data(
         &self,
         block: BlockHashOrNumber,
@@ -230,6 +235,7 @@ where
         })
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self, data))]
     async fn get_uo_data(&self, data: Bytes) -> ProviderResult<BedrockDAGasUOData> {
         // Blocking call compressing potentially a lot of data.
         // Generally takes more than 100µs so should be spawned on blocking threadpool.
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/nitro.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/nitro.rs
index 2af5a4596..8247c0514 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/nitro.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/local/nitro.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ use anyhow::Context;
 use rundler_types::da::{DAGasBlockData, DAGasUOData, NitroDAGasBlockData, NitroDAGasUOData};
 use rundler_utils::cache::LruMap;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex as TokioMutex;
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::{
     alloy::da::arbitrum::NodeInterface::NodeInterfaceInstance, BlockHashOrNumber, DAGasOracle,
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn estimate_da_gas(
         &self,
         data: Bytes,
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn block_data(&self, block: BlockHashOrNumber) -> ProviderResult<DAGasBlockData> {
         let mut cache = self.block_data_cache.lock().await;
         match cache.get(&block) {
@@ -115,6 +118,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn uo_data(
         &self,
         uo_data: Bytes,
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/optimism.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/optimism.rs
index ac8d1680c..88829f24e 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/optimism.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/da/optimism.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use alloy_sol_types::sol;
 use alloy_transport::Transport;
 use anyhow::Context;
 use rundler_types::da::{DAGasBlockData, DAGasUOData};
+use tracing::instrument;
 use GasPriceOracle::GasPriceOracleInstance;
 
 use super::DAGasOracle;
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ where
     AP: AlloyProvider<T>,
     T: Transport + Clone,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn estimate_da_gas(
         &self,
         data: Bytes,
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_6.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_6.rs
index 2d53dd2d1..e9541e27a 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_6.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_6.rs
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use rundler_types::{
     GasFees, UserOperation as _, UserOpsPerAggregator, ValidationOutput, ValidationRevert,
 };
 use rundler_utils::authorization_utils;
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::{
     AggregatorOut, AggregatorSimOut, BlockHashOrNumber, BundleHandler, DAGasOracle, DAGasProvider,
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ where
         self.i_entry_point.address()
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn balance_of(
         &self,
         address: Address,
@@ -109,6 +111,7 @@ where
         Ok(ret._0)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_deposit_info(&self, address: Address) -> ProviderResult<DepositInfo> {
         self.i_entry_point
             .getDepositInfo(address)
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@ where
             .map(|r| r.info.into())
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_balances(&self, addresses: Vec<Address>) -> ProviderResult<Vec<U256>> {
         let provider = self.i_entry_point.provider();
         let call = GetBalances::deploy_builder(provider, *self.address(), addresses)
@@ -232,6 +236,7 @@ where
 {
     type UO = UserOperation;
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn call_handle_ops(
         &self,
         ops_per_aggregator: Vec<UserOpsPerAggregator<UserOperation>>,
@@ -328,6 +333,7 @@ where
 {
     type UO = UserOperation;
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn calc_da_gas(
         &self,
         user_op: UserOperation,
@@ -390,6 +396,7 @@ where
         Ok((call, StateOverride::default()))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn simulate_validation(
         &self,
         user_op: UserOperation,
@@ -455,6 +462,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn simulate_handle_op(
         &self,
         op: Self::UO,
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_7.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_7.rs
index 79de7db58..4c006df1c 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_7.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/entry_point/v0_7.rs
@@ -46,12 +46,14 @@ use rundler_types::{
     GasFees, UserOperation as _, UserOpsPerAggregator, ValidationOutput, ValidationRevert,
 };
 use rundler_utils::authorization_utils;
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::{
     AggregatorOut, AggregatorSimOut, BlockHashOrNumber, BundleHandler, DAGasOracle, DAGasProvider,
     DepositInfo, EntryPoint, EntryPointProvider as EntryPointProviderTrait, EvmCall,
     ExecutionResult, HandleOpsOut, ProviderResult, SignatureAggregator, SimulationProvider,
 };
+
 /// Entry point provider for v0.7
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct EntryPointProvider<AP, T, D> {
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@ where
         self.i_entry_point.address()
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn balance_of(
         &self,
         address: Address,
@@ -117,6 +120,7 @@ where
         Ok(ret._0)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_deposit_info(&self, address: Address) -> ProviderResult<DepositInfo> {
         self.i_entry_point
             .getDepositInfo(address)
@@ -126,6 +130,7 @@ where
             .map(|r| r.info.into())
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_balances(&self, addresses: Vec<Address>) -> ProviderResult<Vec<U256>> {
         let provider = self.i_entry_point.provider();
         let call = GetBalances::deploy_builder(provider, *self.address(), addresses)
@@ -158,6 +163,7 @@ where
 {
     type UO = UserOperation;
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn aggregate_signatures(
         &self,
         aggregator_address: Address,
@@ -200,6 +206,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn validate_user_op_signature(
         &self,
         aggregator_address: Address,
@@ -243,6 +250,7 @@ where
 {
     type UO = UserOperation;
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn call_handle_ops(
         &self,
         ops_per_aggregator: Vec<UserOpsPerAggregator<UserOperation>>,
@@ -336,6 +344,7 @@ where
 {
     type UO = UserOperation;
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn calc_da_gas(
         &self,
         user_op: UserOperation,
@@ -412,6 +421,7 @@ where
         Ok((call, override_ep))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn simulate_validation(
         &self,
         user_op: Self::UO,
@@ -459,6 +469,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn simulate_handle_op(
         &self,
         op: Self::UO,
diff --git a/crates/provider/src/alloy/evm.rs b/crates/provider/src/alloy/evm.rs
index f0b7cb6b6..cb6652a9d 100644
--- a/crates/provider/src/alloy/evm.rs
+++ b/crates/provider/src/alloy/evm.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use rundler_contracts::utils::{
     GetGasUsed::{self, GasUsedResult},
     StorageLoader,
 };
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::{EvmCall, EvmProvider, ProviderResult};
 
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ where
         Ok(self.inner.raw_request(method.into(), params).await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn fee_history(
         &self,
         block_count: u64,
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ where
             .await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self, state_overrides))]
     async fn call(
         &self,
         tx: &TransactionRequest,
@@ -113,10 +116,12 @@ where
         Ok(call.await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_block_number(&self) -> ProviderResult<u64> {
         Ok(self.inner.get_block_number().await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_block(&self, block_id: BlockId) -> ProviderResult<Option<Block>> {
         Ok(self
             .inner
@@ -124,6 +129,7 @@ where
             .await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_balance(&self, address: Address, block: Option<BlockId>) -> ProviderResult<U256> {
         let mut call = self.inner.get_balance(address);
         if let Some(block) = block {
@@ -133,10 +139,12 @@ where
         Ok(call.await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_transaction_by_hash(&self, tx: TxHash) -> ProviderResult<Option<Transaction>> {
         Ok(self.inner.get_transaction_by_hash(tx).await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_transaction_receipt(
         &self,
         tx: TxHash,
@@ -144,6 +152,7 @@ where
         Ok(self.inner.get_transaction_receipt(tx).await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_latest_block_hash_and_number(&self) -> ProviderResult<(B256, u64)> {
         let latest_block = EvmProvider::get_block(self, BlockId::latest())
             .await?
@@ -151,6 +160,7 @@ where
         Ok((latest_block.header.hash, latest_block.header.number))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_pending_base_fee(&self) -> ProviderResult<u128> {
         let fee_history = self.fee_history(1, BlockNumberOrTag::Latest, &[]).await?;
         Ok(fee_history
@@ -158,10 +168,12 @@ where
             .context("should have a next block base fee")?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_max_priority_fee(&self) -> ProviderResult<u128> {
         Ok(self.inner.get_max_priority_fee_per_gas().await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_code(&self, address: Address, block: Option<BlockId>) -> ProviderResult<Bytes> {
         let mut call = self.inner.get_code_at(address);
         if let Some(block) = block {
@@ -171,14 +183,17 @@ where
         Ok(call.await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_transaction_count(&self, address: Address) -> ProviderResult<u64> {
         Ok(self.inner.get_transaction_count(address).await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_logs(&self, filter: &Filter) -> ProviderResult<Vec<Log>> {
         Ok(self.inner.get_logs(filter).await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn debug_trace_transaction(
         &self,
         tx_hash: TxHash,
@@ -190,6 +205,7 @@ where
             .await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn debug_trace_call(
         &self,
         tx: TransactionRequest,
@@ -206,6 +222,7 @@ where
         Ok(call.await?)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_gas_used(&self, call: EvmCall) -> ProviderResult<GasUsedResult> {
         let EvmCall {
             to,
@@ -233,6 +250,7 @@ where
         Ok(ret)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn batch_get_storage_at(
         &self,
         address: Address,
@@ -273,6 +291,7 @@ where
             .unwrap())
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_code_hash(
         &self,
         mut addresses: Vec<Address>,
diff --git a/crates/rpc/src/eth/api.rs b/crates/rpc/src/eth/api.rs
index 0ef0f9df7..6c4c5952a 100644
--- a/crates/rpc/src/eth/api.rs
+++ b/crates/rpc/src/eth/api.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use rundler_types::{
     chain::ChainSpec, pool::Pool, UserOperation, UserOperationOptionalGas, UserOperationVariant,
 };
 use rundler_utils::log::LogOnError;
-use tracing::Level;
+use tracing::{instrument, Level};
 
 use super::{
     error::{EthResult, EthRpcError},
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     pub(crate) async fn send_user_operation(
         &self,
         op: UserOperationVariant,
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ where
             .log_on_error_level(Level::DEBUG, "failed to add op to the mempool")
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self, state_override))]
     pub(crate) async fn estimate_user_operation_gas(
         &self,
         op: UserOperationOptionalGas,
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ where
             .await
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     pub(crate) async fn get_user_operation_by_hash(
         &self,
         hash: B256,
@@ -128,6 +131,7 @@ where
         Ok(results.into_iter().find_map(|x| x))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     pub(crate) async fn get_user_operation_receipt(
         &self,
         hash: B256,
@@ -147,6 +151,7 @@ where
         Ok(results.into_iter().find_map(|x| x))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     pub(crate) async fn supported_entry_points(&self) -> EthResult<Vec<String>> {
         Ok(self
             .router
@@ -155,10 +160,12 @@ where
             .collect())
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     pub(crate) async fn chain_id(&self) -> EthResult<U64> {
         Ok(U64::from(self.chain_spec.id))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_pending_user_operation_by_hash(
         &self,
         hash: B256,
diff --git a/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/common.rs b/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/common.rs
index 613249f34..4c2d498bd 100644
--- a/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/common.rs
+++ b/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/common.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use rundler_provider::{
 };
 use rundler_types::{chain::ChainSpec, UserOperation, UserOperationVariant};
 use rundler_utils::log::LogOnError;
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use super::UserOperationEventProvider;
 use crate::types::{RpcUserOperationByHash, RpcUserOperationReceipt};
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ where
     P: EvmProvider,
     E: EntryPointEvents,
 {
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_mined_by_hash(
         &self,
         hash: B256,
@@ -119,6 +121,7 @@ where
         }))
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_receipt(&self, hash: B256) -> anyhow::Result<Option<RpcUserOperationReceipt>> {
         let event = self
             .get_event_by_hash(hash)
@@ -177,6 +180,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn get_event_by_hash(&self, hash: B256) -> anyhow::Result<Option<Log>> {
         let to_block = self.provider.get_block_number().await?;
 
@@ -206,6 +210,7 @@ where
     /// This is meant to be used when a user operation event is found in the logs of a transaction, but the top level call
     /// wasn't to an entrypoint, so we need to trace the transaction to find the user operation by inspecting each call frame
     /// and returning the user operation that matches the hash.
+    #[instrument(skip(self))]
     async fn trace_find_user_operation(
         &self,
         tx_hash: B256,
diff --git a/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/mod.rs b/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/mod.rs
index ad7549554..f99ad6676 100644
--- a/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/rpc/src/eth/events/mod.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 use alloy_primitives::B256;
 use anyhow::bail;
 use rundler_provider::{Log, TransactionReceipt};
+use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::types::{RpcUserOperationByHash, RpcUserOperationReceipt};
 
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ pub(crate) trait UserOperationEventProvider: Send + Sync {
 //
 // NOTE: we can't convert just decode all the logs as user operations and filter because we still want all the other log types
 //
+#[instrument(skip(reference_log))]
 fn filter_receipt_logs_matching_user_op(
     reference_log: &Log,
     tx_receipt: &TransactionReceipt,