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Local BTS builder (GSM / LTE / 5G)

This project is a build environment for a local BTS setup. It will pull all sources and will build Yate, YateBTS, srsRAN 4G, srsProject and a suiteable bladeRF firmware inside a handy docker container and build them for you - ready to go. The setup can be used for testing or development purpose.

The docker container is configured to allow the use of a SDR connected to the host system and will run the YateBTS webconfig on http://localhost:8080 for convenient use. So it's pretty much a plug and play bts setup for anyone who doesn't want to spend time on building it manually. The setup is furthermore suitable for development purpose using the included build_bts.sh script to recompile individual components. Use --quick for fast rebuilds after smaller changes, it will ommit the clean and reconfigure step.

System was tested with a bladeRF x40 and A4 SDRs. The source tags pulled are the one recommended in the YateBTS setup guide. This build enviornment evolved over time and LTE + 5G were added using srsRAN.

Debian Prerequisite

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common containerd runc
sudo apt install docker docker.io

Also make sure that the user executing dockerbuild.sh is in the docker group:

sudo usermod -aG docker <USERNAME>
newgrp docker

Basic Operation

  • use dockerbuild.sh to build container
  • once the container is up use build_bts.sh --all to build the full stack with all components.

Binaries are located in /usr/local/bin/ after successful building.

More options:

  • use run_yate.sh to run yateBTS
  • use run_srs.sh to run srsRAN 4G or srsRAN Project (5G)
  • use flash_bladerf.sh to flash your bladeRF to the required version

If you want to look at the help, use --help. There are some advanced options for the scripts:

build_bts.sh Parameter

  Possible parameter 1:
    --help                display this help
    --all                 cleans, downloads and build all components - yate, yatebts and bladerf (recommended for a first run)
    --download            downloads the required sources
    --rebuild-yate        rebuilds yate
    --rebuild-yatebts     rebuilds yatebts
    --rebuild-core        rebuilds yate and yatebts
    --rebuild-bladerf     rebuilds bladerf
    --web                 redo the web setup (port 80 webpanel)
    --clean               clean all external sources (WARNING: deletes all currently present sources!)
  Possible parameter 2:
    --quick               quick re-build, without configure or clean

run_yate.sh Parameter

   --help   display this help
   --pcap   capture a pcap of the GSM traffic via GSMtap*
   * requrires GSMTAP to be enabled (in webpanel)

run_srs.sh Parameter

   --help   display this help

flash_bladerf.sh Parameter

   --help   display this help

     --a4     flash bladeRF A4
     --x40    flash bladeRF x40

YateBTS Settings

YateBTS comes with a web panel which can be accessed at http://localhost:8080/nipc/. Apache will inside docker will run at port 8080 by default. If your port 8080 is already in used adjust the port in dockerbuild.sh. Reconfigure the dockerfile if you want to use another port at localhost.

srsRAN Settings

Please edit the config files located at /etc/srsran/.

Troubleshooting

Here are some solutions for problems I encountered during my journey:

Ahead of time errors Restart Docker. These errors are sometimes combined with some IOCTL errors which are hard to spot and happen after yateBTS crashed once.

Port 8080 already in use If port 8080 is in use on your host adjust the port in dockerbuild.sh

Weird burst error Move the phone away from the SDR antennas, check for timing issues on the host.

ADB disconnecting inside cage Move the phone away from the SDR antennas, use better USB cables.

Motivation

This is a small project I build after attending the amazing baseband security training by Marius Münch and Fabian Freyer at (hardwear.io 2022)[https://hardwear.io/usa-2022/training/reverse-engineering-emulation-dynamic-testing-cellular-baseband-firmware.php]. If you are interested in baseband research I really recommend you their trainings as a kickstart.

Contact Info

Please fill bug reports and feature requests here at github. Valeuable pull requests are welcome if they match the license.

Software is provided as-is, without any warranty and under MIT License.

Have fun.