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GUACAMOLE-1841: Provide an example of how to build under Windows.
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jmuehlner committed Sep 28, 2023
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# Building guacamole-server for Windows
The `guacamole-server` Windows build relies on compatibility features provided by Cygwin (most notably, a `fork()` implmentation), and therefore _must_ be built using Cygwin tools. Since no Cygwin cross-compilation environment exists, this means that `guacamole-server` can only be built for Windows using the Windows OS. This document describes a build that produces a working `guacd.exe`, as well as shared libraries for every supported protocol.

## Build Specifics
In this example, `guacamole-server` was built under Cygwin, on a Windows Server 2022 x86_64 build node. Dependencies were installed using packages from Cygwin and MSYS2 (and built from source where no package is available, in the case of `libtelnet`).

### Build Steps
1. Install Cygwin (version 2.926 used here)
2. Install MSYS2 (version 20230718 used here)
3. Install Cygwin packages:
* git
* make
* automake
* autoconf
* gcc-core
* libtool
* pkg-config
* libuuid-devel
* libwinpr2-devel
* libfreerdp2-devel
4. Install MSYS2 packages:
* autoconf-wrapper
* automake-wrapper
* diffutils
* make
* mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc
* mingw-w64-x86_64-cairo
* mingw-w64-x86_64-pango
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libwebsockets
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libvncserver
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libssh2
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libtool
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libmariadbclient
* mingw-w64-x86_64-postgresql
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libpng
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libjpeg
* mingw-w64-x86_64-dlfcn
* mingw-w64-x86_64-pkg-config
* mingw-w64-x86_64-pulseaudio
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libvorbis
* mingw-w64-x86_64-libwebp
* mingw-w64-x86_64-zlib
5. Build `libtelnet` from source using MSYS2 bash shell
```
curl -s -L https://github.com/seanmiddleditch/libtelnet/releases/download/0.23/libtelnet-0.23.tar.gz | tar xz
cd libtelnet-0.23
autoreconf -fi
./configure --disable-static --disable-util LDFLAGS="-Wl,-no-undefined"
make LDFLAGS="-no-undefined"
make install
# Required for the Cygwin build to understand how to link against this DLL
ln -s /usr/bin/msys-telnet-2.dll /usr/bin/libtelnet.dll
```
6. Build `guacamole-server` from source using Cygwin bash shell
```
# FIXME: Update this to check out master once this PR is ready for merge
git clone https://github.com/jmuehlner/guacamole-server.git
cd guacamole-server
git checkout GUACAMOLE-1841-cygwin-build
autoreconf -fi
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/bin/ -L/usr/lib/ -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/bin -L/cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/bin -L/cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/lib -L/cygdrive/c/msys64/usr/bin"
export CFLAGS="-idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/winpr2 -idirafter /usr/include/ -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/pango-1.0 -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/cairo -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/freerdp2 -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/glib-2.0 -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/include/harfbuzz -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/lib/glib-2.0/include -idirafter /cygdrive/c/msys64/usr/include"
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/cygdrive/c/msys64/mingw64/lib/pkgconfig/"
# NOTE: The libfreerdp2-devel package provided by Cygwin is detected as a snapshot version, and must be explicitly allowed
./configure --with-cygwin --enable-allow-freerdp-snapshots || cat config.log
make
```

## Closing Notes
The generated `guacd.exe` will run as expected when invoked from the Cygwin bash shell, but when run outside of a Cygwin environment (e.g. using powershell), connections using text-based protocols (ssh, telnet, kubernetes) will fail with `Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file`.

FIXME: Update this document to explain how to configure fonts under Windows once I figure it out.

In addition, to enable running `guacd.exe` outside of a Cygwin environment, all (non-system) DLLs that it depends on should be copied into the same directory as the executable. These can be found by running `ldd` in the Cygwin bash shell - e.g.
```
ldd /usr/local/sbin/guacd.exe
find /usr -name '*guac*.dll' | xargs ldd
```

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