ServiceBase.cpp

/****************************** Module Header ******************************\
* Module Name:  ServiceBase.cpp
* Project:      CppWindowsService
* Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
*
* Provides a base class for a service that will exist as part of a service
* application. CServiceBase must be derived from when creating a new service
* class.
*
* This source is subject to the Microsoft Public License.
* See http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/openness/resources/licenses.aspx#MPL.
* All other rights reserved.
*
* THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
\***************************************************************************/

#pragma region Includes
#include "ServiceBase.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#pragma endregion

#pragma region Static Members

// Initialize the singleton service instance.
CServiceBase* CServiceBase::s_service = nullptr;

bool CServiceBase::Run(CServiceBase& service) {
	s_service = &service;

	SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY serviceTable[] = { { service.m_name, ServiceMain }, { nullptr, nullptr } };

	// Connects the main thread of a service process to the service control
	// manager, which causes the thread to be the service control dispatcher
	// thread for the calling process. This call returns when the service has
	// stopped. The process should simply terminate when the call returns.
	return StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(serviceTable) == TRUE;
}

void WINAPI CServiceBase::ServiceMain(DWORD argc, LPSTR* argv) {
	assert(s_service != nullptr);

	// Register the handler function for the service
	s_service->m_statusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(s_service->m_name, ServiceCtrlHandler);
	if (s_service->m_statusHandle == nullptr) {
		throw GetLastError();
	}

	// Start the service.
	s_service->Start(argc, argv);
}

//   the control code can be one of the following values:
//
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_NETBINDADD
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_NETBINDDISABLE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_NETBINDREMOVE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_PARAMCHANGE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN
//     SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP
//
//   This parameter can also be a user-defined control code ranges from 128
//   to 255.
//
void WINAPI CServiceBase::ServiceCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl) {
	switch (dwCtrl) {
	case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
		s_service->Stop();
		break;
	case SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE:
		s_service->Pause();
		break;
	case SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE:
		s_service->Continue();
		break;
	case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN:
		s_service->Shutdown();
		break;
	case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

#pragma endregion

#pragma region Service Constructor and Destructor

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::CServiceBase(PWSTR, BOOL, BOOL, BOOL)
//
//   PURPOSE: The constructor of CServiceBase. It initializes a new instance
//   of the CServiceBase class. The optional parameters (fCanStop,
///  fCanShutdown and fCanPauseContinue) allow you to specify whether the
//   service can be stopped, paused and continued, or be notified when system
//   shutdown occurs.
//
//   PARAMETERS:
//   * pszServiceName - the name of the service
//   * fCanStop - the service can be stopped
//   * fCanShutdown - the service is notified when system shutdown occurs
//   * fCanPauseContinue - the service can be paused and continued
//
CServiceBase::CServiceBase(char* serviceName, bool fCanStop, bool fCanShutdown, bool fCanPauseContinue) {
	// Service name must be a valid string and cannot be nullptr.
	m_name = (serviceName == nullptr) ? const_cast<char*>("") : serviceName;

	m_statusHandle = nullptr;

	// The service runs in its own process.
	m_status.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;

	// The service is starting.
	m_status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;

	// The accepted commands of the service.
	DWORD dwControlsAccepted = 0;
	if (fCanStop)
		dwControlsAccepted |= SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;
	if (fCanShutdown)
		dwControlsAccepted |= SERVICE_ACCEPT_SHUTDOWN;
	if (fCanPauseContinue)
		dwControlsAccepted |= SERVICE_ACCEPT_PAUSE_CONTINUE;
	m_status.dwControlsAccepted = dwControlsAccepted;

	m_status.dwWin32ExitCode = NO_ERROR;
	m_status.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
	m_status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
	m_status.dwWaitHint = 0;
}

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::~CServiceBase()
//
//   PURPOSE: The virtual destructor of CServiceBase.
//
CServiceBase::~CServiceBase(void) {}

#pragma endregion

#pragma region Service Start, Stop, Pause, Continue, and Shutdown

void CServiceBase::Start(DWORD dwArgc, LPSTR* lpszArgv) {
	try {
		// Tell SCM that the service is starting.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING);

		// Perform service-specific initialization.
		OnStart(dwArgc, lpszArgv);

		// Tell SCM that the service is started.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING);
	} catch (DWORD dwError) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteErrorLogEntry("Service Start", dwError);

		// Set the service status to be stopped.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, dwError);
	} catch (...) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteEventLogEntry("Service failed to start.", EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);

		// Set the service status to be stopped.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
	}
}

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::Stop()
//
//   PURPOSE: The function stops the service. It calls the OnStop virtual
//   function in which you can specify the actions to take when the service
//   stops. If an error occurs, the error will be logged in the Application
//   event log, and the service will be restored to the original state.
//
void CServiceBase::Stop() {
	DWORD dwOriginalState = m_status.dwCurrentState;
	try {
		// Tell SCM that the service is stopping.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING);

		// Perform service-specific stop operations.
		OnStop();

		// Tell SCM that the service is stopped.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
	} catch (DWORD dwError) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteErrorLogEntry("Service Stop", dwError);

		// Set the original service status.
		SetServiceStatus(dwOriginalState);
	} catch (...) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteEventLogEntry("Service failed to stop.", EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);

		// Set the original service status.
		SetServiceStatus(dwOriginalState);
	}
}

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::Pause()
//
//   PURPOSE: The function pauses the service if the service supports pause
//   and continue. It calls the OnPause virtual function in which you can
//   specify the actions to take when the service pauses. If an error occurs,
//   the error will be logged in the Application event log, and the service
//   will become running.
//
void CServiceBase::Pause() {
	try {
		// Tell SCM that the service is pausing.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_PAUSE_PENDING);

		// Perform service-specific pause operations.
		OnPause();

		// Tell SCM that the service is paused.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_PAUSED);
	} catch (DWORD dwError) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteErrorLogEntry("Service Pause", dwError);

		// Tell SCM that the service is still running.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING);
	} catch (...) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteEventLogEntry("Service failed to pause.", EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);

		// Tell SCM that the service is still running.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING);
	}
}

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::Continue()
//
//   PURPOSE: The function resumes normal functioning after being paused if
//   the service supports pause and continue. It calls the OnContinue virtual
//   function in which you can specify the actions to take when the service
//   continues. If an error occurs, the error will be logged in the
//   Application event log, and the service will still be paused.
//
void CServiceBase::Continue() {
	try {
		// Tell SCM that the service is resuming.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_CONTINUE_PENDING);

		// Perform service-specific continue operations.
		OnContinue();

		// Tell SCM that the service is running.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING);
	} catch (DWORD dwError) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteErrorLogEntry("Service Continue", dwError);

		// Tell SCM that the service is still paused.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_PAUSED);
	} catch (...) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteEventLogEntry("Service failed to resume.", EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);

		// Tell SCM that the service is still paused.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_PAUSED);
	}
}

//
//   FUNCTION: CServiceBase::Shutdown()
//
//   PURPOSE: The function executes when the system is shutting down. It
//   calls the OnShutdown virtual function in which you can specify what
//   should occur immediately prior to the system shutting down. If an error
//   occurs, the error will be logged in the Application event log.
//
void CServiceBase::Shutdown() {
	try {
		// Perform service-specific shutdown operations.
		OnShutdown();

		// Tell SCM that the service is stopped.
		SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
	} catch (DWORD dwError) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteErrorLogEntry("Service Shutdown", dwError);
	} catch (...) {
		// Log the error.
		WriteEventLogEntry("Service failed to shut down.", EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);
	}
}

#pragma region Helper Functions

//   * dwCurrentState - the state of the service
//   * dwWin32ExitCode - error code to report
//   * dwWaitHint - estimated time for pending operation, in milliseconds
void CServiceBase::SetServiceStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState, DWORD dwWin32ExitCode, DWORD dwWaitHint) {
	static DWORD dwCheckPoint = 1;

	// Fill in the SERVICE_STATUS structure of the service.

	m_status.dwCurrentState = dwCurrentState;
	m_status.dwWin32ExitCode = dwWin32ExitCode;
	m_status.dwWaitHint = dwWaitHint;

	m_status.dwCheckPoint =
	    ((dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING) || (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)) ? 0 : dwCheckPoint++;

	// Report the status of the service to the SCM.
	::SetServiceStatus(m_statusHandle, &m_status);
}

//   the type of event to be logged can be one of the following values:
//
//     EVENTLOG_SUCCESS
//     EVENTLOG_AUDIT_FAILURE
//     EVENTLOG_AUDIT_SUCCESS
//     EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE
//     EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE
//     EVENTLOG_WARNING_TYPE
//
void CServiceBase::WriteEventLogEntry(const char* message, int wType) {
	HANDLE hEventSource = nullptr;
	LPCSTR lpszStrings[2] = { nullptr, nullptr };

	hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(nullptr, m_name);
	if (hEventSource) {
		lpszStrings[0] = m_name;
		lpszStrings[1] = message;

		ReportEvent(hEventSource, // Event log handle
		            wType, // Event type
		            0, // Event category
		            0, // Event identifier
		            nullptr, // No security identifier
		            2, // Size of lpszStrings array
		            0, // No binary data
		            lpszStrings, // Array of strings
		            nullptr // No binary data
		);

		DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
	}
}

void CServiceBase::WriteErrorLogEntry(const char* function, int error) {
	char message[260];
	StringCchPrintf(message, ARRAYSIZE(message), "%s failed w/err 0x%08lx", function, error);
	WriteEventLogEntry(message, EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE);
}

#pragma endregion