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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<meta name="description=" content="curso tutorial aprende arduino básico desde cero facíl">
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<title>arduinoes</title>
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<h2 class="text-uppercase text-center"><bl>ESP8266 ARDUINO CON WIFI</bl></h2>
<br>
<img class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" src="img/tutoriales/Arduino1.png" alt="">
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<h2 class="text-center"><or>CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL ESP8266</or></h2>
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<div class="text-left">
<!-- ESP8266 -->
<h3>
TB6612FNG Sketch
</h3>
<br>
<pre class="hljs" style="display: block; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0.5em; background: rgb(240, 240, 240); color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Motor A lado derecho</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t PWM_Derecho = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">3</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// ENB - Velocidad PWM</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t motorDerechoAvanza = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">5</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// IN3 - Motor sentido avanza</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t motorDerechoRetrocede = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">4</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// IN4 - Motor sentido retrocede</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Motor B lado izquierdo</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t PWM_Izquierda = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">9</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t motorIzquierdoAvanza = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">7</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">const</span> uint8_t motorIzquierdoRetrocede = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">6</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">byte</span> velocidad = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">200</span>;
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Funciones</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> avanzar() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El sentido del motor avanza</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El sentido del motor retrocede</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Izquierda, velocidad); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Velocidad PWM</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Derecho, velocidad);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> retroceder() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Izquierda, velocidad);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Derecho, velocidad);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> girarDerecha() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Izquierda, velocidad);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Derecho, velocidad);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> girarIzquierda() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Izquierda, velocidad);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Derecho, velocidad);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> parar() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Izquierda, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">analogWrite</span>(PWM_Derecho, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">setup</span>() {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Configuramos todos los pines del driver (TB6612FNG) del motor como salida</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(PWM_Izquierda, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(motorIzquierdoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(motorIzquierdoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(PWM_Derecho, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(motorDerechoAvanza, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(motorDerechoRetrocede, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">loop</span>() {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Llamamos a las funciones de movimiento</span>
parar(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Para</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1000</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Durante 1 segundo</span>
avanzar(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Avanza</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">2000</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Durante 2 segundos</span>
retroceder(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Retocede</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">2000</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Durante 2 segundos</span>
girarIzquierda(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Gira a la izquierda</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">2000</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Durante 2 segundos</span>
girarDerecha(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Gira a la derecha</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">2000</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Durante 2 segundos</span>
}</pre>
<br>
<p>
1 - Asignamos los pines. El driver tiene 2 digitales que nos indican el sentido de giro y uno analógico PWM que es la velocidad de 0 a 255.
</p>
<p>
2 - En este caso declaramos las <or>funciones</or> antes del setup(), indicando el sentido de giro del motor con LOW y HIGH, y la velocidad con un variable.
</p>
<p>
3 - Configuramos los pines como salida.
</p>
<p>
4 - En el <or>loop()</or> llamamos a las funciones.
</p>
<br>
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<h2 class="text-uppercase"><bl>Un Botón</bl></h2>
<a href="https://www.tinkercad.com/things/1i5Q26lzUBM" target="_blank">
<img class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" src="img/Circuitos/Boton.png" alt="">
</a>
<!-- 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 -->
<h2><or>Código</or></h2>
<br>
<div class="text-left">
<h3>
Botón Sketch 1
</h3>
<p>
Este es un ejemplo de Massimo Banzi Co-Fundador de Arduino. En el que explica la importancia del código.
</p>
<p>
En este primer Sketch aprendemos a encender un led manteniendo presionado el botón.
</p>
<br>
<pre class="hljs" style="display: block; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0.5em; background: rgb(240, 240, 240); color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> LedPin 13 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el LED al pin</span></span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> BotonPin 7 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el botón al pin 7</span></span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// estado 0 apagado, 1 encendido </span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">setup</span>() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El LED es de salida</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(BotonPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">INPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El BOTÓN es de entrada</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">loop</span>(){
estado = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalRead</span>(BotonPin); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Almacena el estado del BOTÓN</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Presionado seria HIGH</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Liberado seria LOW</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> (estado == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Enciende el LED</span>
}<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Apaga el LED</span>
}
}</pre>
<br>
<h3>
Botón Sketch 2
</h3>
<p>
Realmente encender un led teniendo que presionar un botón no es muy útil.
</p>
<p>
Veamos como encenderlo pulsando, sin mantener presionado el botón.
</p>
<p>
Para esto creamos una nueva variable y usamos un poco de matemáticas sencilla, no es fácil de entender pero se usa mucho en programación, para comparar valores booleanos le restamos el boleano anterior, a si conseguimos un estado nuevo ya que al restar (1 - 0) = 1 y (1 - 1) = 0.
</p>
<br>
<pre class="hljs" style="display: block; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0.5em; background: rgb(240, 240, 240); color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Enciende el led despues de presionar el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Apaga el led al presionar otra vez el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> LedPin 13 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el LED al pin</span></span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> BotonPin 7 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el BOTÓN al pin 7</span></span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> valor = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Valor del BOTÓN</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// 0 es apagado, 1 encendido </span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">setup</span>() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El LED es de salida</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(BotonPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">INPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El BOTÓN es de entrada</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">loop</span>(){
valor = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalRead</span>(BotonPin); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Lee el valor del Botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// En este caso verificamos que es una pulsación limpia</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> (valor == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>){
estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span> - estado;
}
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> (estado == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span>) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// turn LED ON</span>
} <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
}
}</pre>
<br>
<h3>Botón Sketch 3</h3>
<br>
<p>
Para evitar que al pulsar con vibración nos de una mala lectura podemos realizar una comprobación verificando el estado anterior con una nueva variable.
</p>
<pre class="hljs" style="display: block; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0.5em; background: rgb(240, 240, 240); color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Enciende el led despues de presionar el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Apaga el led al presionar otra vez el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> LedPin 13 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el LED al pin</span></span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> BotonPin 7 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el BOTÓN al pin 7</span></span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> valor = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Valor del BOTÓN</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> valorAnterior = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// 0 es apagado, 1 encendido </span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">setup</span>() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El LED es de salida</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(BotonPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">INPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El BOTÓN es de entrada</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">loop</span>(){
valor = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalRead</span>(BotonPin); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Lee el valor del Botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// En este caso verificamos que es una pulsación limpia</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> ((valor == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>) && (valorAnterior == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>)){
estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span> - estado;
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">10</span>);
}
valorAnterior = valor; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// val is now old, let's store it</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> (estado == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span>) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// turn LED ON</span>
} <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
}
}</pre>
<br>
<h3>Botón Sketch 4</h3>
<br>
<p>
Todavía podemos mejorar el código añadiendo un pequeño tiempo de espera.
</p>
<pre class="hljs" style="display: block; overflow-x: auto; padding: 0.5em; background: rgb(240, 240, 240); color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Enciende el led despues de presionar el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Apaga el led al presionar otra vez el botón</span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> LedPin 13 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el LED al pin</span></span>
<span class="hljs-meta" style="color: rgb(31, 113, 153);">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">define</span> BotonPin 7 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Asignamos el BOTÓN al pin 7</span></span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> valor = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Valor del BOTÓN</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> valorAnterior = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">int</span> estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// 0 es apagado, 1 encendido </span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">setup</span>() {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">OUTPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El LED es de salida</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">pinMode</span>(BotonPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">INPUT</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// El BOTÓN es de entrada</span>
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="font-weight: 700;">void</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">loop</span>(){
valor = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalRead</span>(BotonPin); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// Lee el valor del Botón</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// En este caso verificamos que es una pulsación limpia</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> ((valor == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>) && (valorAnterior == <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>)){
estado = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span> - estado;
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">delay</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">10</span>);
}
valorAnterior = valor; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// val is now old, let's store it</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">if</span> (estado == <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">1</span>) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">HIGH</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">// turn LED ON</span>
} <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(57, 115, 0);">digitalWrite</span>(LedPin, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(120, 169, 96);">LOW</span>);
}
}</pre>
<br>
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