See the list.
The Windows version emulates raw socket networking using libpcap, while in Linux the default is libslirp.
It is important to remember that the Uthernet II card can work without raw sockets and does not need to worry about the issues in this section (see https://github.com/a2retrosystems/uthernet2/wiki/Virtual-W5100-with-DNS).
Used in AppleWin and VICE. It creates a bridged network, where AppleWin operates directly on the LAN.
Pros:
- no setup required
- server ports are automatically opened
Cons:
- elevated priviledges are required in Linux (
cap_net_raw=ep) - an Ethernet interface is required (no support for WiFi)
- manual MAC configuration to run multiple emulators on the same LAN
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/slirp/libslirp
This creates a sub LAN for the emulator, which requires NAT to access the rest of the network.
Default for AppleWin on Linux, available in QEMU and Bochs (see https://bochs.sourceforge.io/doc/docbook/user/using-slirp.html).
Pros:
- no setup required
- well maintained (used in QEMU)
- runs as normal user
- no limit to the number of emulators running at the same time
Cons:
- not integrated in the Windows build (suggestions?)
- requires port forwarding to open server ports
Available in VICE (see https://sourceforge.net/p/vice-emu/patches/278) and Bochs (see https://bochs.sourceforge.io/doc/docbook/user/config-tuntap.html).
Pros:
- runs as normal user
- supports any network
Cons:
rootrequired to set it up- Linux only?
- one interface per emulator
It is unclear if port forwarding is necessary.
Altirra and Ample probably implement a solution very similar to libslirp.
FUSE has a partial implementation which only supports TCP & UDP sockets.