main.c

/*
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2019 Ha Thach (tinyusb.org)
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 */


#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pico/stdio.h>

#include "bsp/board_api.h"
#include "tusb.h"
#include "class/hid/hid.h"

// English
#define LANGUAGE_ID 0x0409
#define BUF_COUNT   4


tusb_desc_device_t desc_device;

uint8_t buf_pool[BUF_COUNT][64];
uint8_t buf_owner[BUF_COUNT] = { 0 }; // device address that owns buffer

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// MACRO CONSTANT TYPEDEF PROTYPES
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
void led_blinking_task(void);

static void print_utf16(uint16_t *temp_buf, size_t buf_len);
void print_device_descriptor(tuh_xfer_t* xfer);
void parse_config_descriptor(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configuration_t const* desc_cfg);
void find_bluetooth_endpoints(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configuration_t const* desc_cfg);

uint8_t* get_hid_buf(uint8_t daddr);
void free_hid_buf(uint8_t daddr);

/*------------- MAIN -------------*/
int main(void)
{

    board_init();
    stdio_init_all();

    printf("TinyUSB Bare API Example\r\n");

    // init host stack on configured roothub port
    tuh_init(BOARD_TUH_RHPORT);

    if (board_init_after_tusb) {
        board_init_after_tusb();
    }

    while (1)
    {
        // tinyusb host task
        tuh_task();
        led_blinking_task();
    }

    return 0;
}

/*------------- TinyUSB Callbacks -------------*/

// Invoked when device is mounted (configured)
void tuh_mount_cb (uint8_t daddr)
{
    printf("Device attached, address = %d\r\n", daddr);

    // Get Device Descriptor
    // TODO: invoking control transfer now has issue with mounting hub with multiple devices attached, fix later
    tuh_descriptor_get_device(daddr, &desc_device, 18, print_device_descriptor, 0);
}

/// Invoked when device is unmounted (bus reset/unplugged)
void tuh_umount_cb(uint8_t daddr)
{
    printf("Device removed, address = %d\r\n", daddr);
    free_hid_buf(daddr);
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// Device Descriptor
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+

void print_device_descriptor(tuh_xfer_t* xfer)
{
    if ( XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS != xfer->result )
    {
        printf("Failed to get device descriptor\r\n");
        return;
    }

    uint8_t const daddr = xfer->daddr;

    printf("Device %u: ID %04x:%04x\r\n", daddr, desc_device.idVendor, desc_device.idProduct);
    printf("Device Descriptor:\r\n");
    printf("  bLength             %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bLength);
    printf("  bDescriptorType     %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bDescriptorType);
    printf("  bcdUSB              %04x\r\n"   , desc_device.bcdUSB);
    printf("  bDeviceClass        %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bDeviceClass);
    printf("  bDeviceSubClass     %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bDeviceSubClass);
    printf("  bDeviceProtocol     %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bDeviceProtocol);
    printf("  bMaxPacketSize0     %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bMaxPacketSize0);
    printf("  idVendor            0x%04x\r\n" , desc_device.idVendor);
    printf("  idProduct           0x%04x\r\n" , desc_device.idProduct);
    printf("  bcdDevice           %04x\r\n"   , desc_device.bcdDevice);

    // Get String descriptor using Sync API
    uint16_t temp_buf[128];

    printf("  iManufacturer       %u     "     , desc_device.iManufacturer);
    if (XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS == tuh_descriptor_get_manufacturer_string_sync(daddr, LANGUAGE_ID, temp_buf, sizeof(temp_buf)) )
    {
        print_utf16(temp_buf, TU_ARRAY_SIZE(temp_buf));
    }
    printf("\r\n");

    printf("  iProduct            %u     "     , desc_device.iProduct);
    if (XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS == tuh_descriptor_get_product_string_sync(daddr, LANGUAGE_ID, temp_buf, sizeof(temp_buf)))
    {
        print_utf16(temp_buf, TU_ARRAY_SIZE(temp_buf));
    }
    printf("\r\n");

    printf("  iSerialNumber       %u     "     , desc_device.iSerialNumber);
    if (XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS == tuh_descriptor_get_serial_string_sync(daddr, LANGUAGE_ID, temp_buf, sizeof(temp_buf)))
    {
        print_utf16(temp_buf, TU_ARRAY_SIZE(temp_buf));
    }
    printf("\r\n");

    printf("  bNumConfigurations  %u\r\n"     , desc_device.bNumConfigurations);

    // Get configuration descriptor with sync API
    if (XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS == tuh_descriptor_get_configuration_sync(daddr, 0, temp_buf, sizeof(temp_buf)))
    {
        // Dump Configuration
        parse_config_descriptor(daddr, (tusb_desc_configuration_t*) temp_buf);

        // now, find our endpoints
        find_bluetooth_endpoints(daddr, (tusb_desc_configuration_t*) temp_buf);
    }
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// Configuration Descriptor
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+


// simple configuration parser to open and listen to HID Endpoint IN
void parse_config_descriptor(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configuration_t const* desc_cfg)
{
    uint8_t const* desc_end = ((uint8_t const*) desc_cfg) + tu_le16toh(desc_cfg->wTotalLength);
    uint8_t const* p_desc   = tu_desc_next(desc_cfg);

    printf("  Configuration Descriptor:\n");
    printf("  - bNumInterfaces: %u\n", desc_cfg->bNumInterfaces);

    uint16_t temp_buf[128];

    // parse each interfaces
    while( p_desc < desc_end ){
        uint8_t descriptor_type = tu_desc_type(p_desc);
        uint8_t descriptor_len  = tu_desc_len(p_desc);
        switch (descriptor_type){
            case TUSB_DESC_INTERFACE:
                tusb_desc_interface_t const * interface_descriptor = (tusb_desc_interface_t const *) p_desc;
                printf("  - Interface Descriptor:\n");
                printf("    - bInterfaceNumber %u\n",    interface_descriptor->bInterfaceNumber);
                printf("    - bNumEndpoints %u\n",       interface_descriptor->bNumEndpoints);
                printf("    - iInterface       %u     ", interface_descriptor->iInterface);
                if ((interface_descriptor->iInterface != 0 ) &&
                    (XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS == tuh_descriptor_get_string_sync(dev_addr, interface_descriptor->iInterface, LANGUAGE_ID, temp_buf, sizeof(temp_buf)))){
                    print_utf16(temp_buf, TU_ARRAY_SIZE(temp_buf));
                }
                printf("\r\n");
                break;
            case TUSB_DESC_ENDPOINT:
                tusb_desc_endpoint_t const * endpoint_descriptor = (tusb_desc_endpoint_t const *) p_desc;
                printf("    - Endpoint  Descriptor:\n");
                printf("       - bEndpointAddress %02x\n", endpoint_descriptor->bEndpointAddress);
                printf("       - bmAttributes xfer %u\n", endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.xfer);
                printf("       - bmAttributes sync %u\n", endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.sync);
                printf("       - wMaxPacketSize %u\n", tu_le16toh(endpoint_descriptor->wMaxPacketSize));
                break;
            default:
                printf("  - type %u, len %u\n", descriptor_type, descriptor_len);
                break;
        }
        p_desc += descriptor_len;
    }
}


void find_bluetooth_endpoints(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configuration_t const* desc_cfg) {
    printf("\nBTstack: find Bluetooth Endpoints\n");

    uint8_t iInterface;

    uint8_t const* desc_end = ((uint8_t const*) desc_cfg) + tu_le16toh(desc_cfg->wTotalLength);
    uint8_t const* p_desc   = tu_desc_next(desc_cfg);

    // parse each interfaces
    while( p_desc < desc_end ){
        uint8_t descriptor_type = tu_desc_type(p_desc);
        uint8_t descriptor_len  = tu_desc_len(p_desc);
        switch (descriptor_type){
            case TUSB_DESC_INTERFACE:
                tusb_desc_interface_t const * interface_descriptor = (tusb_desc_interface_t const *) p_desc;
                iInterface = interface_descriptor->iInterface;
                break;
            case TUSB_DESC_ENDPOINT:
                tusb_desc_endpoint_t const * endpoint_descriptor = (tusb_desc_endpoint_t const *) p_desc;
                printf("Interface %u, Endpoint Address 0x%02x, attributes.xfer 0x%02x\n",
                    iInterface, endpoint_descriptor->bEndpointAddress, endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.xfer);

                // type interrupt, direction incoming
                if  (((endpoint_descriptor->bEndpointAddress & TUSB_DIR_IN_MASK) == TUSB_DIR_IN_MASK)
                    && (endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.xfer == TUSB_XFER_INTERRUPT)){
                    puts("-> HCI Event");
                }
                // type bulk, direction incoming
                if  (((endpoint_descriptor->bEndpointAddress & TUSB_DIR_IN_MASK) == TUSB_DIR_IN_MASK)
                    && (endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.xfer == TUSB_XFER_BULK)){
                    puts("-> HCI ACL IN");
                }
                // type bulk, direction outgoing
                if  (((endpoint_descriptor->bEndpointAddress & TUSB_DIR_IN_MASK) == 0)
                    && (endpoint_descriptor->bmAttributes.xfer == TUSB_XFER_BULK)){
                    puts("-> HCI ACL OUT");
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        p_desc += descriptor_len;
    }
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// HID Interface
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+

void hid_report_received(tuh_xfer_t* xfer);
void open_hid_interface(uint8_t daddr, tusb_desc_interface_t const *desc_itf, uint16_t max_len);

void open_hid_interface(uint8_t daddr, tusb_desc_interface_t const *desc_itf, uint16_t max_len)
{
    // len = interface + hid + n*endpoints
    uint16_t const drv_len = (uint16_t) (sizeof(tusb_desc_interface_t) + sizeof(tusb_hid_descriptor_hid_t) +
                                         desc_itf->bNumEndpoints * sizeof(tusb_desc_endpoint_t));

    // corrupted descriptor
    if (max_len < drv_len) return;

    uint8_t const *p_desc = (uint8_t const *) desc_itf;

    // HID descriptor
    p_desc = tu_desc_next(p_desc);
    tusb_hid_descriptor_hid_t const *desc_hid = (tusb_hid_descriptor_hid_t const *) p_desc;
    if(HID_DESC_TYPE_HID != desc_hid->bDescriptorType) return;

    // Endpoint descriptor
    p_desc = tu_desc_next(p_desc);
    tusb_desc_endpoint_t const * desc_ep = (tusb_desc_endpoint_t const *) p_desc;

    for(int i = 0; i < desc_itf->bNumEndpoints; i++)
    {
        if (TUSB_DESC_ENDPOINT != desc_ep->bDescriptorType) return;

        if(tu_edpt_dir(desc_ep->bEndpointAddress) == TUSB_DIR_IN)
        {
            // skip if failed to open endpoint
            if ( ! tuh_edpt_open(daddr, desc_ep) ) return;

            uint8_t* buf = get_hid_buf(daddr);
            if (!buf) return; // out of memory

            tuh_xfer_t xfer =
                    {
                            .daddr       = daddr,
                            .ep_addr     = desc_ep->bEndpointAddress,
                            .buflen      = 64,
                            .buffer      = buf,
                            .complete_cb = hid_report_received,
                            .user_data   = (uintptr_t) buf, // since buffer is not available in callback, use user data to store the buffer
                    };

            // submit transfer for this EP
            tuh_edpt_xfer(&xfer);

            printf("Listen to [dev %u: ep %02x]\r\n", daddr, desc_ep->bEndpointAddress);
        }

        p_desc = tu_desc_next(p_desc);
        desc_ep = (tusb_desc_endpoint_t const *) p_desc;
    }
}

void hid_report_received(tuh_xfer_t* xfer)
{
    // Note: not all field in xfer is available for use (i.e filled by tinyusb stack) in callback to save sram
    // For instance, xfer->buffer is NULL. We have used user_data to store buffer when submitted callback
    uint8_t* buf = (uint8_t*) xfer->user_data;

    if (xfer->result == XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("[dev %u: ep %02x] HID Report:", xfer->daddr, xfer->ep_addr);
        for(uint32_t i=0; i<xfer->actual_len; i++)
        {
            if (i%16 == 0) printf("\r\n  ");
            printf("%02X ", buf[i]);
        }
        printf("\r\n");
    }

    // continue to submit transfer, with updated buffer
    // other field remain the same
    xfer->buflen = 64;
    xfer->buffer = buf;

    tuh_edpt_xfer(xfer);
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// Buffer helper
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+

// get an buffer from pool
uint8_t* get_hid_buf(uint8_t daddr)
{
    for(size_t i=0; i<BUF_COUNT; i++)
    {
        if (buf_owner[i] == 0)
        {
            buf_owner[i] = daddr;
            return buf_pool[i];
        }
    }

    // out of memory, increase BUF_COUNT
    return NULL;
}

// free all buffer owned by device
void free_hid_buf(uint8_t daddr)
{
    for(size_t i=0; i<BUF_COUNT; i++)
    {
        if (buf_owner[i] == daddr) buf_owner[i] = 0;
    }
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// Blinking Task
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
void led_blinking_task(void)
{
    const uint32_t interval_ms = 1000;
    static uint32_t start_ms = 0;

    static bool led_state = false;

    // Blink every interval ms
    if ( board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
    start_ms += interval_ms;

    board_led_write(led_state);
    led_state = 1 - led_state; // toggle
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// String Descriptor Helper
//--------------------------------------------------------------------+

static void _convert_utf16le_to_utf8(const uint16_t *utf16, size_t utf16_len, uint8_t *utf8, size_t utf8_len) {
    // TODO: Check for runover.
    (void)utf8_len;
    // Get the UTF-16 length out of the data itself.

    for (size_t i = 0; i < utf16_len; i++) {
        uint16_t chr = utf16[i];
        if (chr < 0x80) {
            *utf8++ = chr & 0xffu;
        } else if (chr < 0x800) {
            *utf8++ = (uint8_t)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
            *utf8++ = (uint8_t)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        } else {
            // TODO: Verify surrogate.
            *utf8++ = (uint8_t)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
            *utf8++ = (uint8_t)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
            *utf8++ = (uint8_t)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        }
        // TODO: Handle UTF-16 code points that take two entries.
    }
}

// Count how many bytes a utf-16-le encoded string will take in utf-8.
static int _count_utf8_bytes(const uint16_t *buf, size_t len) {
    size_t total_bytes = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        uint16_t chr = buf[i];
        if (chr < 0x80) {
            total_bytes += 1;
        } else if (chr < 0x800) {
            total_bytes += 2;
        } else {
            total_bytes += 3;
        }
        // TODO: Handle UTF-16 code points that take two entries.
    }
    return (int) total_bytes;
}

static void print_utf16(uint16_t *temp_buf, size_t buf_len) {
    if ((temp_buf[0] & 0xff) == 0) return;  // empty
    size_t utf16_len = ((temp_buf[0] & 0xff) - 2) / sizeof(uint16_t);
    size_t utf8_len = (size_t) _count_utf8_bytes(temp_buf + 1, utf16_len);
    _convert_utf16le_to_utf8(temp_buf + 1, utf16_len, (uint8_t *) temp_buf, sizeof(uint16_t) * buf_len);
    ((uint8_t*) temp_buf)[utf8_len] = '\0';

    printf("%s", (char*)temp_buf);
}