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cert.go
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cert.go
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// Copyright 2018 The mkcert Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
import (
"crypto"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/elliptic"
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/sha1"
"crypto/x509"
"crypto/x509/pkix"
"encoding/asn1"
"encoding/pem"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"math/big"
"net"
"net/mail"
"net/url"
"os"
"os/user"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
pkcs12 "software.sslmate.com/src/go-pkcs12"
)
var userAndHostname string
func init() {
u, err := user.Current()
if err == nil {
userAndHostname = u.Username + "@"
}
if h, err := os.Hostname(); err == nil {
userAndHostname += h
}
if err == nil && u.Name != "" && u.Name != u.Username {
userAndHostname += " (" + u.Name + ")"
}
}
func (m *mkcert) makeCert(hosts []string) {
if m.caKey == nil {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: can't create new certificates because the CA key (rootCA-key.pem) is missing")
}
priv, err := m.generateKey(false)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate certificate key")
pub := priv.(crypto.Signer).Public()
tpl := &x509.Certificate{
SerialNumber: randomSerialNumber(),
Subject: pkix.Name{
Organization: []string{"mkcert development certificate"},
OrganizationalUnit: []string{userAndHostname},
},
NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(10, 0, 0),
// Fix the notBefore to temporarily bypass macOS Catalina's limit on
// certificate lifespan. Once mkcert provides an ACME server, automation
// will be the recommended way to guarantee uninterrupted functionality,
// and the lifespan will be shortened to 825 days. See issue 174 and
// https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210176.
NotBefore: time.Date(2019, time.June, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
KeyUsage: x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment | x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature,
BasicConstraintsValid: true,
}
for _, h := range hosts {
if ip := net.ParseIP(h); ip != nil {
tpl.IPAddresses = append(tpl.IPAddresses, ip)
} else if email, err := mail.ParseAddress(h); err == nil && email.Address == h {
tpl.EmailAddresses = append(tpl.EmailAddresses, h)
} else if uriName, err := url.Parse(h); err == nil && uriName.Scheme != "" && uriName.Host != "" {
tpl.URIs = append(tpl.URIs, uriName)
} else {
tpl.DNSNames = append(tpl.DNSNames, h)
}
}
if m.client {
tpl.ExtKeyUsage = []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageClientAuth, x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth}
} else if len(tpl.IPAddresses) > 0 || len(tpl.DNSNames) > 0 {
tpl.ExtKeyUsage = []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth}
}
if len(tpl.EmailAddresses) > 0 {
tpl.ExtKeyUsage = append(tpl.ExtKeyUsage, x509.ExtKeyUsageCodeSigning, x509.ExtKeyUsageEmailProtection)
}
// IIS (the main target of PKCS #12 files), only shows the deprecated
// Common Name in the UI. See issue #115.
if m.pkcs12 {
tpl.Subject.CommonName = hosts[0]
}
cert, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, tpl, m.caCert, pub, m.caKey)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate certificate")
certFile, keyFile, p12File := m.fileNames(hosts)
if !m.pkcs12 {
privDER, err := x509.MarshalPKCS8PrivateKey(priv)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to encode certificate key")
err = ioutil.WriteFile(keyFile, pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{Type: "PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privDER}), 0600)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save certificate key")
err = ioutil.WriteFile(certFile, pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: cert}), 0644)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save certificate")
} else {
domainCert, _ := x509.ParseCertificate(cert)
pfxData, err := pkcs12.Encode(rand.Reader, priv, domainCert, []*x509.Certificate{m.caCert}, "changeit")
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate PKCS#12")
err = ioutil.WriteFile(p12File, pfxData, 0644)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save PKCS#12")
}
m.printHosts(hosts)
if !m.pkcs12 {
log.Printf("\nThe certificate is at \"%s\" and the key at \"%s\" ✅\n\n", certFile, keyFile)
} else {
log.Printf("\nThe PKCS#12 bundle is at \"%s\" ✅\n", p12File)
log.Printf("\nThe legacy PKCS#12 encryption password is the often hardcoded default \"changeit\" ℹ️\n\n")
}
}
func (m *mkcert) printHosts(hosts []string) {
secondLvlWildcardRegexp := regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)^\*\.[0-9a-z_-]+$`)
log.Printf("\nCreated a new certificate valid for the following names 📜")
for _, h := range hosts {
log.Printf(" - %q", h)
if secondLvlWildcardRegexp.MatchString(h) {
log.Printf(" Warning: many browsers don't support second-level wildcards like %q ⚠️", h)
}
}
for _, h := range hosts {
if strings.HasPrefix(h, "*.") {
log.Printf("\nReminder: X.509 wildcards only go one level deep, so this won't match a.b.%s ℹ️", h[2:])
break
}
}
}
func (m *mkcert) generateKey(rootCA bool) (crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
if m.ecdsa {
return ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
}
if rootCA {
return rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 3072)
}
return rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 2048)
}
func (m *mkcert) fileNames(hosts []string) (certFile, keyFile, p12File string) {
defaultName := strings.Replace(hosts[0], ":", "_", -1)
defaultName = strings.Replace(defaultName, "*", "_wildcard", -1)
if len(hosts) > 1 {
defaultName += "+" + strconv.Itoa(len(hosts)-1)
}
if m.client {
defaultName += "-client"
}
certFile = "./" + defaultName + ".pem"
if m.certFile != "" {
certFile = m.certFile
}
keyFile = "./" + defaultName + "-key.pem"
if m.keyFile != "" {
keyFile = m.keyFile
}
p12File = "./" + defaultName + ".p12"
if m.p12File != "" {
p12File = m.p12File
}
return
}
func randomSerialNumber() *big.Int {
serialNumberLimit := new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 128)
serialNumber, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, serialNumberLimit)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate serial number")
return serialNumber
}
func (m *mkcert) makeCertFromCSR() {
if m.caKey == nil {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: can't create new certificates because the CA key (rootCA-key.pem) is missing")
}
csrPEMBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(m.csrPath)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to read the CSR")
csrPEM, _ := pem.Decode(csrPEMBytes)
if csrPEM == nil {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: failed to read the CSR: unexpected content")
}
if csrPEM.Type != "CERTIFICATE REQUEST" {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: failed to read the CSR: expected CERTIFICATE REQUEST, got " + csrPEM.Type)
}
csr, err := x509.ParseCertificateRequest(csrPEM.Bytes)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to parse the CSR")
fatalIfErr(csr.CheckSignature(), "invalid CSR signature")
tpl := &x509.Certificate{
SerialNumber: randomSerialNumber(),
Subject: csr.Subject,
ExtraExtensions: csr.Extensions, // includes requested SANs
NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(10, 0, 0),
NotBefore: time.Now(),
KeyUsage: x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment | x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature,
ExtKeyUsage: []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
BasicConstraintsValid: true,
// If the CSR does not request a SAN extension, fix it up for them as
// the Common Name field does not work in modern browsers. Otherwise,
// this will get overridden.
DNSNames: []string{csr.Subject.CommonName},
}
cert, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, tpl, m.caCert, csr.PublicKey, m.caKey)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate certificate")
var hosts []string
hosts = append(hosts, csr.DNSNames...)
hosts = append(hosts, csr.EmailAddresses...)
for _, ip := range csr.IPAddresses {
hosts = append(hosts, ip.String())
}
if len(hosts) == 0 {
hosts = []string{csr.Subject.CommonName}
}
certFile, _, _ := m.fileNames(hosts)
err = ioutil.WriteFile(certFile, pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: cert}), 0644)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save certificate")
m.printHosts(hosts)
log.Printf("\nThe certificate is at \"%s\" ✅\n\n", certFile)
}
// loadCA will load or create the CA at CAROOT.
func (m *mkcert) loadCA() {
if !pathExists(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootName)) {
m.newCA()
} else {
log.Printf("Using the local CA at \"%s\" ✨\n", m.CAROOT)
}
certPEMBlock, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootName))
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to read the CA certificate")
certDERBlock, _ := pem.Decode(certPEMBlock)
if certDERBlock == nil || certDERBlock.Type != "CERTIFICATE" {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: failed to read the CA certificate: unexpected content")
}
m.caCert, err = x509.ParseCertificate(certDERBlock.Bytes)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to parse the CA certificate")
if !pathExists(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootKeyName)) {
return // keyless mode, where only -install works
}
keyPEMBlock, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootKeyName))
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to read the CA key")
keyDERBlock, _ := pem.Decode(keyPEMBlock)
if keyDERBlock == nil || keyDERBlock.Type != "PRIVATE KEY" {
log.Fatalln("ERROR: failed to read the CA key: unexpected content")
}
m.caKey, err = x509.ParsePKCS8PrivateKey(keyDERBlock.Bytes)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to parse the CA key")
}
func (m *mkcert) newCA() {
priv, err := m.generateKey(true)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate the CA key")
pub := priv.(crypto.Signer).Public()
spkiASN1, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(pub)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to encode public key")
var spki struct {
Algorithm pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier
SubjectPublicKey asn1.BitString
}
_, err = asn1.Unmarshal(spkiASN1, &spki)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to decode public key")
skid := sha1.Sum(spki.SubjectPublicKey.Bytes)
tpl := &x509.Certificate{
SerialNumber: randomSerialNumber(),
Subject: pkix.Name{
Organization: []string{"mkcert development CA"},
OrganizationalUnit: []string{userAndHostname},
// The CommonName is required by iOS to show the certificate in the
// "Certificate Trust Settings" menu.
// https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/issues/47
CommonName: "mkcert " + userAndHostname,
},
SubjectKeyId: skid[:],
NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(10, 0, 0),
NotBefore: time.Now(),
KeyUsage: x509.KeyUsageCertSign,
BasicConstraintsValid: true,
IsCA: true,
MaxPathLenZero: true,
}
cert, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, tpl, tpl, pub, priv)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to generate CA certificate")
privDER, err := x509.MarshalPKCS8PrivateKey(priv)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to encode CA key")
err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootKeyName), pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{Type: "PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privDER}), 0400)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save CA key")
err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(m.CAROOT, rootName), pem.EncodeToMemory(
&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: cert}), 0644)
fatalIfErr(err, "failed to save CA key")
log.Printf("Created a new local CA at \"%s\" 💥\n", m.CAROOT)
}
func (m *mkcert) caUniqueName() string {
return "mkcert development CA " + m.caCert.SerialNumber.String()
}