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dtls.c
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dtls.c
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/*
* OpenConnect (SSL + DTLS) VPN client
*
* Copyright © 2008-2015 Intel Corporation.
*
* Author: David Woodhouse <[email protected]>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* version 2.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*/
#include <config.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#ifndef _WIN32
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif
/* We do this in order to get IPV6_PATHMTU on OSX */
#ifdef __APPLE__
#ifndef __APPLE_USE_RFC_3542
#define __APPLE_USE_RFC_3542
#endif
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#include "openconnect-internal.h"
/*
* The master-secret is generated randomly by the client. The server
* responds with a DTLS Session-ID. These, done over the HTTPS
* connection, are enough to 'resume' a DTLS session, bypassing all
* the normal setup of a normal DTLS connection.
*
* Cisco use a version of the protocol which predates RFC4347, but
* isn't quite the same as the pre-RFC version of the protocol which
* was in OpenSSL 0.9.8e -- it includes backports of some later
* OpenSSL patches.
*
* The openssl/ directory of this source tree should contain both a
* small patch against OpenSSL 0.9.8e to make it support Cisco's
* snapshot of the protocol, and a larger patch against newer OpenSSL
* which gives us an option to use the old protocol again.
*
* Cisco's server also seems to respond to the official version of the
* protocol, with a change in the ChangeCipherSpec packet which implies
* that it does know the difference and isn't just repeating the version
* number seen in the ClientHello. But although I can make the handshake
* complete by hacking tls1_mac() to use the _old_ protocol version
* number when calculating the MAC, the server still seems to be ignoring
* my subsequent data packets. So we use the old protocol, which is what
* their clients use anyway.
*/
#if defined(OPENCONNECT_OPENSSL)
#define DTLS_SEND SSL_write
#define DTLS_RECV SSL_read
#elif defined(OPENCONNECT_GNUTLS)
#define DTLS_SEND gnutls_record_send
#define DTLS_RECV gnutls_record_recv
#endif
char *openconnect_bin2hex(const char *prefix, const uint8_t *data, unsigned len)
{
struct oc_text_buf *buf;
char *p = NULL;
buf = buf_alloc();
if (prefix)
buf_append(buf, "%s", prefix);
buf_append_hex(buf, data, len);
if (!buf_error(buf)) {
p = buf->data;
buf->data = NULL;
}
buf_free(buf);
return p;
}
char *openconnect_bin2base64(const char *prefix, const uint8_t *data, unsigned len)
{
struct oc_text_buf *buf;
char *p = NULL;
buf = buf_alloc();
if (prefix)
buf_append(buf, "%s", prefix);
buf_append_base64(buf, data, len);
if (!buf_error(buf)) {
p = buf->data;
buf->data = NULL;
}
buf_free(buf);
return p;
}
static int connect_dtls_socket(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
int dtls_fd, ret;
/* Sanity check for the removal of new_dtls_{fd,ssl} */
if (vpninfo->dtls_fd != -1) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("DTLS connection attempted with an existing fd\n"));
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!vpninfo->dtls_addr) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("No DTLS address\n"));
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!vpninfo->dtls_cipher) {
/* We probably didn't offer it any ciphers it liked */
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Server offered no DTLS cipher option\n"));
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
if (vpninfo->proxy) {
/* XXX: Theoretically, SOCKS5 proxies can do UDP too */
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("No DTLS when connected via proxy\n"));
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
dtls_fd = udp_connect(vpninfo);
if (dtls_fd < 0)
return -EINVAL;
ret = start_dtls_handshake(vpninfo, dtls_fd);
if (ret) {
closesocket(dtls_fd);
return ret;
}
vpninfo->dtls_state = DTLS_CONNECTING;
vpninfo->dtls_fd = dtls_fd;
monitor_fd_new(vpninfo, dtls);
monitor_read_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
monitor_except_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
time(&vpninfo->new_dtls_started);
return dtls_try_handshake(vpninfo);
}
void dtls_close(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
if (vpninfo->dtls_ssl) {
dtls_ssl_free(vpninfo);
closesocket(vpninfo->dtls_fd);
unmonitor_read_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
unmonitor_write_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
unmonitor_except_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
vpninfo->dtls_ssl = NULL;
vpninfo->dtls_fd = -1;
}
vpninfo->dtls_state = DTLS_SLEEPING;
}
static int dtls_reconnect(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
dtls_close(vpninfo);
if (vpninfo->dtls_state == DTLS_DISABLED)
return -EINVAL;
vpninfo->dtls_state = DTLS_SLEEPING;
return connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo);
}
int dtls_setup(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, int dtls_attempt_period)
{
struct oc_vpn_option *dtls_opt = vpninfo->dtls_options;
int dtls_port = 0;
if (vpninfo->dtls_state == DTLS_DISABLED)
return -EINVAL;
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = dtls_attempt_period;
if (!dtls_attempt_period)
return 0;
while (dtls_opt) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("DTLS option %s : %s\n"),
dtls_opt->option, dtls_opt->value);
if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-Port")) {
dtls_port = atol(dtls_opt->value);
} else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-Keepalive")) {
vpninfo->dtls_times.keepalive = atol(dtls_opt->value);
} else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-DPD")) {
int j = atol(dtls_opt->value);
if (j && (!vpninfo->dtls_times.dpd || j < vpninfo->dtls_times.dpd))
vpninfo->dtls_times.dpd = j;
} else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-Rekey-Method")) {
if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->value, "new-tunnel"))
vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey_method = REKEY_TUNNEL;
else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->value, "ssl"))
vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey_method = REKEY_SSL;
else
vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey_method = REKEY_NONE;
} else if (!strcmp(dtls_opt->option, "X-DTLS-Rekey-Time")) {
vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey = atol(dtls_opt->value);
}
dtls_opt = dtls_opt->next;
}
if (!dtls_port) {
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
if (vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey <= 0)
vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey_method = REKEY_NONE;
if (udp_sockaddr(vpninfo, dtls_port)) {
vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period = 0;
return -EINVAL;
}
if (connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo))
return -EINVAL;
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("DTLS initialised. DPD %d, Keepalive %d\n"),
vpninfo->dtls_times.dpd, vpninfo->dtls_times.keepalive);
return 0;
}
int dtls_mainloop(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, int *timeout, int readable)
{
int work_done = 0;
char magic_pkt;
if (vpninfo->dtls_need_reconnect) {
vpninfo->dtls_need_reconnect = 0;
dtls_reconnect(vpninfo);
return 1;
}
if (vpninfo->dtls_state == DTLS_CONNECTING) {
dtls_try_handshake(vpninfo);
return 0;
}
if (vpninfo->dtls_state == DTLS_SLEEPING) {
int when = vpninfo->new_dtls_started + vpninfo->dtls_attempt_period - time(NULL);
if (when <= 0) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Attempt new DTLS connection\n"));
if (connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo) < 0)
*timeout = 1000;
} else if ((when * 1000) < *timeout) {
*timeout = when * 1000;
}
return 0;
}
while (readable) {
int len = MAX(16384, vpninfo->ip_info.mtu);
unsigned char *buf;
if (!vpninfo->dtls_pkt) {
vpninfo->dtls_pkt = malloc(sizeof(struct pkt) + len);
if (!vpninfo->dtls_pkt) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Allocation failed\n"));
break;
}
}
buf = vpninfo->dtls_pkt->data - 1;
len = DTLS_RECV(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, buf, len + 1);
if (len <= 0)
break;
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
_("Received DTLS packet 0x%02x of %d bytes\n"),
buf[0], len);
vpninfo->dtls_times.last_rx = time(NULL);
switch (buf[0]) {
case AC_PKT_DATA:
vpninfo->dtls_pkt->len = len - 1;
queue_packet(&vpninfo->incoming_queue, vpninfo->dtls_pkt);
vpninfo->dtls_pkt = NULL;
work_done = 1;
break;
case AC_PKT_DPD_OUT:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Got DTLS DPD request\n"));
/* FIXME: What if the packet doesn't get through? */
magic_pkt = AC_PKT_DPD_RESP;
if (DTLS_SEND(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &magic_pkt, 1) != 1)
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Failed to send DPD response. Expect disconnect\n"));
continue;
case AC_PKT_DPD_RESP:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Got DTLS DPD response\n"));
break;
case AC_PKT_KEEPALIVE:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Got DTLS Keepalive\n"));
break;
case AC_PKT_COMPRESSED:
if (!vpninfo->dtls_compr) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Compressed DTLS packet received when compression not enabled\n"));
goto unknown_pkt;
}
decompress_and_queue_packet(vpninfo, vpninfo->dtls_compr,
vpninfo->dtls_pkt->data, len - 1);
break;
default:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Unknown DTLS packet type %02x, len %d\n"),
buf[0], len);
if (1) {
/* Some versions of OpenSSL have bugs with receiving out-of-order
* packets. Not only do they wrongly decide to drop packets if
* two packets get swapped in transit, but they also _fail_ to
* drop the packet in non-blocking mode; instead they return
* the appropriate length of garbage. So don't abort... for now. */
break;
} else {
unknown_pkt:
vpninfo->quit_reason = "Unknown packet received";
return 1;
}
}
}
switch (keepalive_action(&vpninfo->dtls_times, timeout)) {
case KA_REKEY: {
int ret;
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO, _("DTLS rekey due\n"));
if (vpninfo->dtls_times.rekey_method == REKEY_SSL) {
time(&vpninfo->new_dtls_started);
vpninfo->dtls_state = DTLS_CONNECTING;
ret = dtls_try_handshake(vpninfo);
if (ret) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("DTLS Rehandshake failed; reconnecting.\n"));
return connect_dtls_socket(vpninfo);
}
}
return 1;
}
case KA_DPD_DEAD:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("DTLS Dead Peer Detection detected dead peer!\n"));
/* Fall back to SSL, and start a new DTLS connection */
dtls_reconnect(vpninfo);
return 1;
case KA_DPD:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Send DTLS DPD\n"));
magic_pkt = AC_PKT_DPD_OUT;
if (DTLS_SEND(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &magic_pkt, 1) != 1)
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Failed to send DPD request. Expect disconnect\n"));
/* last_dpd will just have been set */
vpninfo->dtls_times.last_tx = vpninfo->dtls_times.last_dpd;
work_done = 1;
break;
case KA_KEEPALIVE:
/* No need to send an explicit keepalive
if we have real data to send */
if (vpninfo->outgoing_queue.head)
break;
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("Send DTLS Keepalive\n"));
magic_pkt = AC_PKT_KEEPALIVE;
if (DTLS_SEND(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &magic_pkt, 1) != 1)
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Failed to send keepalive request. Expect disconnect\n"));
time(&vpninfo->dtls_times.last_tx);
work_done = 1;
break;
case KA_NONE:
;
}
/* Service outgoing packet queue */
unmonitor_write_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
while (vpninfo->outgoing_queue.head) {
struct pkt *this = dequeue_packet(&vpninfo->outgoing_queue);
struct pkt *send_pkt = this;
int ret;
/* If TOS optname is set, we want to copy the TOS/TCLASS header
to the outer UDP packet */
if (vpninfo->dtls_tos_optname) {
int valid=1;
int tos;
switch(this->data[0] >> 4) {
case 4:
tos = this->data[1];
break;
case 6:
tos = (load_be16(this->data) >> 4) & 0xff;
break;
default:
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Unknown packet (len %d) received: %02x %02x %02x %02x...\n"),
this->len, this->data[0], this->data[1], this->data[2], this->data[3]);
valid = 0;
}
/* set the actual value */
if (valid && tos != vpninfo->dtls_tos_current) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG, _("TOS this: %d, TOS last: %d\n"),
tos, vpninfo->dtls_tos_current);
if (setsockopt(vpninfo->dtls_fd, vpninfo->dtls_tos_proto,
vpninfo->dtls_tos_optname, (void *)&tos, sizeof(tos)))
vpn_perror(vpninfo, _("UDP setsockopt"));
else
vpninfo->dtls_tos_current = tos;
}
}
/* One byte of header */
this->cstp.hdr[7] = AC_PKT_DATA;
/* We can compress into vpninfo->deflate_pkt unless CSTP
* currently has a compressed packet pending — which it
* shouldn't if DTLS is active. */
if (vpninfo->dtls_compr &&
vpninfo->current_ssl_pkt != vpninfo->deflate_pkt &&
!compress_packet(vpninfo, vpninfo->dtls_compr, this)) {
send_pkt = vpninfo->deflate_pkt;
send_pkt->cstp.hdr[7] = AC_PKT_COMPRESSED;
}
#ifdef OPENCONNECT_OPENSSL
ret = SSL_write(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &send_pkt->cstp.hdr[7], send_pkt->len + 1);
if (ret <= 0) {
ret = SSL_get_error(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, ret);
if (ret == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
monitor_write_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
requeue_packet(&vpninfo->outgoing_queue, this);
} else if (ret != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
/* If it's a real error, kill the DTLS connection and
requeue the packet to be sent over SSL */
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("DTLS got write error %d. Falling back to SSL\n"),
ret);
openconnect_report_ssl_errors(vpninfo);
dtls_reconnect(vpninfo);
requeue_packet(&vpninfo->outgoing_queue, this);
work_done = 1;
}
return work_done;
}
#else /* GnuTLS */
ret = gnutls_record_send(vpninfo->dtls_ssl, &send_pkt->cstp.hdr[7], send_pkt->len + 1);
if (ret <= 0) {
if (ret != GNUTLS_E_AGAIN && ret != GNUTLS_E_INTERRUPTED) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("DTLS got write error: %s. Falling back to SSL\n"),
gnutls_strerror(ret));
dtls_reconnect(vpninfo);
work_done = 1;
} else {
/* Wake me up when it becomes writeable */
monitor_write_fd(vpninfo, dtls);
}
requeue_packet(&vpninfo->outgoing_queue, this);
return work_done;
}
#endif
time(&vpninfo->dtls_times.last_tx);
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
_("Sent DTLS packet of %d bytes; DTLS send returned %d\n"),
this->len, ret);
free(this);
}
return work_done;
}
/* This symbol is missing in glibc < 2.22 (bug 18643). */
#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(HAVE_IPV6_PATHMTU)
# define HAVE_IPV6_PATHMTU 1
# define IPV6_PATHMTU 61
#endif
#define PKT_INTERVAL_MS 50
/* Performs a binary search to detect MTU.
* @buf: is preallocated with MTU size
*
* Returns: new MTU or 0
*/
static int probe_mtu(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo, unsigned char *buf)
{
int max, min, cur, ret, absolute_min, last;
int tries = 0; /* Number of loops in bin search - includes resends */
uint32_t id, id_len;
struct timeval start_tv, now_tv, last_tv;
absolute_min = 576;
if (vpninfo->ip_info.addr6)
absolute_min = 1280;
/* We'll assume that it is at least functional, and permits the bare
* minimum MTU for the protocol(s) it transports. All else is mad. */
min = absolute_min;
/* First send a probe at the configured maximum. Most of the time, this
one will probably work. */
last = cur = max = vpninfo->ip_info.mtu;
if (max <= min)
goto fail;
/* Generate unique ID */
if (openconnect_random(&id, sizeof(id)) < 0)
goto fail;
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("Initiating MTU detection (min=%d, max=%d)\n"), min, max);
gettimeofday(&start_tv, NULL);
last_tv = start_tv;
while (1) {
int wait_ms;
#ifdef HAVE_IPV6_PATHMTU
if (vpninfo->peer_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
struct ip6_mtuinfo mtuinfo;
socklen_t len = sizeof(mtuinfo);
int newmax;
if (getsockopt(vpninfo->dtls_fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PATHMTU, &mtuinfo, &len) >= 0) {
newmax = mtuinfo.ip6m_mtu;
if (newmax > 0) {
newmax = dtls_set_mtu(vpninfo, newmax) - /*ipv6*/40 - /*udp*/20 - /*oc dtls*/1;
if (absolute_min > newmax)
goto fail;
if (max > newmax)
max = newmax;
if (cur > newmax)
cur = newmax;
}
}
}
#endif
buf[0] = AC_PKT_DPD_OUT;
id_len = id + cur;
memcpy(&buf[1], &id_len, sizeof(id_len));
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
_("Sending MTU DPD probe (%u bytes)\n"), cur);
ret = openconnect_dtls_write(vpninfo, buf, cur + 1);
if (ret != cur + 1) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Failed to send DPD request (%d %d)\n"), cur, ret);
if (cur == max) {
max = --cur;
if (cur >= absolute_min)
continue;
}
goto fail;
}
if (last == cur)
tries++;
else {
tries = 0;
last = cur;
}
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(id)+1);
keep_waiting:
gettimeofday(&now_tv, NULL);
if (now_tv.tv_sec > start_tv.tv_sec + 10) {
if (absolute_min == min) {
/* Hm, we never got *anything* back successfully? */
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Too long time in MTU detect loop; assuming negotiated MTU.\n"));
goto fail;
} else {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Too long time in MTU detect loop; MTU set to %d.\n"), min);
ret = min;
goto out;
}
}
wait_ms = PKT_INTERVAL_MS -
((now_tv.tv_sec - last_tv.tv_sec) * 1000) -
((now_tv.tv_usec - last_tv.tv_usec) / 1000);
if (wait_ms < 0 || wait_ms > PKT_INTERVAL_MS)
wait_ms = PKT_INTERVAL_MS;
ret = openconnect_dtls_read(vpninfo, buf, max+1, wait_ms);
if (ret > 0 && (buf[0] != AC_PKT_DPD_RESP || !memcpy(&id_len, &buf[1], sizeof(id_len)) ||
id_len != id + ret - 1)) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("Received unexpected packet (%.2x) in MTU detection; skipping.\n"), (unsigned)buf[0]);
goto keep_waiting;
}
if (ret == -ETIMEDOUT) {
if (tries >= 6) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("No response to size %u after %d tries; declare MTU is %u\n"),
last, tries, min);
ret = min;
goto out;
}
} else if (ret < 0) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR,
_("Failed to recv DPD request (%d)\n"), ret);
goto fail;
} else if (ret > 0) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_TRACE,
_("Received MTU DPD probe (%u bytes)\n"), ret - 1);
ret--;
tries = 0;
}
if (ret == max)
goto out;
if (ret > min) {
min = ret;
if (min >= last) {
cur = (min + max + 1) / 2;
} else {
cur = (min + last + 1) / 2;
}
} else {
cur = (min + last + 1) / 2;
}
}
fail:
ret = 0;
out:
return ret;
}
void dtls_detect_mtu(struct openconnect_info *vpninfo)
{
int mtu = vpninfo->ip_info.mtu;
int prev_mtu = vpninfo->ip_info.mtu;
unsigned char *buf;
if (vpninfo->ip_info.mtu < 1 + sizeof(uint32_t))
return;
/* detect MTU */
buf = calloc(1, 1 + vpninfo->ip_info.mtu);
if (!buf) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_ERR, _("Allocation failed\n"));
return;
}
mtu = probe_mtu(vpninfo, buf);
if (mtu == 0)
goto skip_mtu;
vpninfo->ip_info.mtu = mtu;
if (prev_mtu != vpninfo->ip_info.mtu) {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_INFO,
_("Detected MTU of %d bytes (was %d)\n"), vpninfo->ip_info.mtu, prev_mtu);
} else {
vpn_progress(vpninfo, PRG_DEBUG,
_("No change in MTU after detection (was %d)\n"), prev_mtu);
}
skip_mtu:
free(buf);
}