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4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions .buildinfo
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# Sphinx build info version 1
# This file hashes the configuration used when building these files. When it is not found, a full rebuild will be done.
config: b4eea5dbac7457e85cc7048b631142d0
tags: d77d1c0d9ca2f4c8421862c7c5a0d620
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445 changes: 445 additions & 0 deletions _images/gh-pages.svg
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12 changes: 12 additions & 0 deletions _sources/exercises.md.txt
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# List of exercises

## Full list

This is a list of all exercises and solutions in this lesson, mainly
as a reference for helpers and instructors. This list is
automatically generated from all of the other pages in the lesson.
Any single teaching event will probably cover only a subset of these,
depending on their interests.

```{exerciselist}
```
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(gh-pages)=

# Hosting websites/homepages on GitHub Pages

```{questions}
- How to serve a website/homepage using GitHub
```

## Hosting websites/homepages on GitHub Pages

You can host your personal homepage or group webpage
or project website on GitHub using
[GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com/).

[GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com/features/pages/) and
[Bitbucket](https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucket/publishing-a-website-on-bitbucket-cloud-221449776.html)
also offer a very similar solution.

Unless you need user authentication or a sophisticated database behind your website,
[GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com/) can be a very nice alternative
to running your own web servers.

This is how all
[https://coderefinery.org](https://coderefinery.org)
material is hosted.

---

```{figure} img/gh-pages.svg
:alt: Scheme that describes how branch names end up websites

Scheme that describes how branch names end up websites.
```

---

## Exercise - Your own github page

```{exercise} gh-pages-2: Host your own github page
- Deploy own website reusing a template:
- Follow the steps from GitHub Pages <https://pages.github.com/>.
The documentation there is very good so there is no need for us to duplicate the screenshots
- Select "Project site"
- Select "Choose a theme" (for instance "Minimal")
- Click "Select theme"
- Adjust the README.md and commit
- Browse your page on `http://username.github.io/repository` (adjust "username" and "repository")
- Make a change to the repository after the webpage has been deployed for the first time
- Please wait few minutes and then verify that the change shows up on the website
```

```{callout} Real-life examples
- Research Software Hour (built using [Zola](https://www.getzola.org/))
- [Source](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ResearchSoftwareHour/researchsoftwarehour.github.io/main/content/about.md)
- Result: <https://researchsoftwarehour.github.io/about/>
- This lesson (built using [Sphinx](https://www.sphinx-doc.org/)
and [MyST](https://myst-parser.readthedocs.io/)
and [sphinx-lesson](https://coderefinery.github.io/sphinx-lesson/))
- [Source](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coderefinery/documentation/main/content/gh-pages.md)
- Result: this page
```

```{note}
- You can use HTML directly or another static site generator if you prefer
to not use the default [Jekyll](https://jekyllrb.com/).
- It is no problem to use a custom domain instead of `*.github.io`.
```
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# Deploying Sphinx documentation to GitHub Pages

```{objectives}
- Create a basic workflow which you can take home and adapt for your project.
```

## [GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com/)

- Serve websites from a GitHub repository.
- It is no problem to serve using your own URL `http://myproject.org` instead of `http://myuser.github.io/myproject`.


## [GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions/)

- Automatically runs code when your repository changes.
- We will let it run `sphinx-build` and make the result available to GitHub Pages.


## Our goal

- Host source code with documentation sources on a public Git repository.
- Each time we `git push` to the repository, a GitHub action triggers to
rebuild the documentation.
- The documentation is pushed to a separate branch called 'gh-pages'.

---

## Exercise - Deploy Sphinx documentation to GitHub Pages

``````{exercise} gh-pages-1: Deploy Sphinx documentation to GitHub Pages
In this exercise we will create an example repository on GitHub and
deploy it to GitHub Pages. The example project contains a script for
counting the frequency distribution of words in a given file and some
documentation generated using Sphinx. For bigger projects, we can have
more source files.

**Step 1:** Go to the [documentation-example project template](https://github.com/coderefinery/documentation-example/generate)
on GitHub and create a copy to your namespace ("Generate", since this
is a template repository).

**Clone the repository**

The repository contains following two folders, among few other files:
- **source** folder contains the source code
- **doc** folder contains the Sphinx documentation

The doc folder contains the Sphinx configuration file (`conf.py`) and the index file (`index.rst`) and some contents (Markdown files).
The `conf.py` file has been adjusted to be able to autogenerate documentation from sources.


**Build HTML pages locally**

Inside the cloned repository, build the documentation and verify the result in your browser:

```console
$ sphinx-build doc _build
```

**Step 2:** Add the GitHub Action

- Create a new file at `.github/workflows/documentation.yaml` with the contents

```yaml
name: Docs
on: [push, pull_request, workflow_dispatch]
permissions:
contents: write
jobs:
docs:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
- uses: actions/setup-python@v3
- name: Install dependencies
run: |
pip install sphinx sphinx_rtd_theme
- name: Sphinx build
run: |
sphinx-build doc _build
- name: Deploy
uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3
if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
with:
publish_branch: gh-pages
github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
publish_dir: _build/
force_orphan: true
```

You don't need to understand all of the above, but you
might spot familiar commands in the `run:` sections.

- Add, commit and push to GitHub
- Check the action at `https://github.com/<myuser>/documentation-example/actions`.
Replace `<myuser>` with your GitHub username.

**Step 2:** Enable GitHub Pages

- Go to `https://github.com/<myuser>/documentation-example/settings/pages`
- In the "Source" section, choose "Deploy form a branch" in the dropdown menu
- In the "Branch" section choose "gh-pages" and "/root" in the dropdown menus and click
save
- (You should be able to verify the pages deployment in the Actions list)


**Verify the result**

That's it! Your site should now be live on
`https://<myuser>.github.io/documentation-example/` (replace username).

**Verify refreshing the documentation**

Finally, make some changes to your documentation
- Add documentation related to other functions
- Prerequisites and how to use the program
- Rules for contribution
- Some example results (figures, tables, ...)
- Commit and push them, and verify that the documentation website refreshes after your changes (can take few seconds or a minute)
``````

## Alternatives to GitHub Pages

- [GitLab Pages](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/pages/)
and [GitLab CI](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/) can create a very similar workflow.

- [Read the Docs](https://readthedocs.org) is the most common alternative to
hosting in GitHub Pages.

- Sphinx builds HTML files (this is what static site generators do), and you
can host them anywhere, for example your university's web space or own web server.


## Migrating your own documentation to Sphinx

- First convert your documentation to Markdown using [Pandoc](https://pandoc.org).
- Create a file `index.rst` which lists all other Markdown files and provides the
table of contents.
- Add a `conf.py` file. You can generate a starting point for `conf.py` and
`index.rst` with `sphinx-quickstart`, or you can take the examples in this
lesson as inspiration.
- Test building the documentation locally with `sphinx-build`.
- Once this works, follow the above steps to build and deploy to GitHub Pages or some other web space.

---

```{keypoints}
- Sphinx makes simple HTML (and more) files, so it is easy to find a place to host them.
- Github Pages + Github Actions provides a convenient way to make
sites and host them on the web.
```
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