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Oracle安装与卸载
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<meta name="description" content="通用安装步骤 从官网下载，不要相信来历不明的软件源。 一般会有两个文件夹两者解压到相同的路径中。 文件夹中找到setup.exe双击安装。 安装第一步：配置安全更新，这步可将自己的电子邮件地址填写进去（也可以不填写，只是收到一些没什么用的邮件而已）。取消下面的我希望通过My Oracle Support接受安全更新(W)。 安全选项，直接选择默认创建和配置一个数据库(安装完数据库管理软件后，系统会">
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Oracle安装与卸载
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<h2 id="通用安装步骤"><a href="#通用安装步骤" class="headerlink" title="通用安装步骤"></a>通用安装步骤</h2><ol>
<li>从<code>官网</code>下载，不要相信来历不明的软件源。</li>
<li>一般会有两个文件夹两者解压到相同的路径中。</li>
<li>文件夹中找到<code>setup.exe</code>双击安装。</li>
<li>安装第一步：配置安全更新，这步可将自己的电子邮件地址填写进去（也可以不填写，只是收到一些没什么用的邮件而已）。取消下面的<code>我希望通过My Oracle Support接受安全更新(W)</code>。</li>
<li>安全选项，直接选择默认创建和配置一个数据库(安装完数据库管理软件后，系统会自动创建一个数据库实例)。</li>
<li>系统类，直接选择默认的桌面类就可以了。(若安装到的电脑是，个人笔记本或个人使用的电脑使用此选项) 。</li>
</ol>
<span id="more"></span>
<ol>
<li>典型安装。 重要步骤。建议只需要将Oracle基目录更新下，目录路径不要含有中文或其它的特殊字符。全局数据库名可以默认，且口令密码，必须要牢记。密码输入时，有提示警告，不符合Oracel建议时不用管。 (因Oracel建议的密码规则比较麻烦， 必须是大写字母加小写字母加数字，而且必须是8位以上。麻烦，可以输入平常自己习惯的短小密码即可)。</li>
<li>若输入的口令短小简单，安装时会提示如下。直接确认Y继续安装就是了。</li>
<li>先决条件检查。 安装程序会检查软硬件系统是否满足，安装此Oracle版本的最低要求。 直接下一步就OK 了。</li>
<li>概要 安装前的一些相关选择配置信息。 可以保存成文件 或 不保存文件直接点完成即可。</li>
<li>安装产品 自动进行，不用管。</li>
<li>数据库管理软件文件及dbms文件安装完后，会自动创建安装一个实例数据库默认前面的orcl名称的数据库。</li>
<li>实例数据库创建完成了，系统 默认是把所有账户都锁定不可用了(除sys和system账户可用外)，建议点右边的口令管理，将常用的scott账户解锁并输入密码。</li>
<li>解锁scott账户， 去掉前面的绿色小勾，输入密码。同样可以输入平常用的短小的密码，不必非得按oracle建议的8位以上大小写加数字，密码不符合规则会提示。不用管它，继续Y即可。</li>
<li>此外也可以安装好之后使用sqlplus进行修改。<ol>
<li>直接打开sqlplus.exe或者cmd中输入sqlplus。</li>
<li>登陆<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sys</span><br><span class="line">sys as sysdba(这里默认不会显示)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>解锁示例用户scott<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">alter user scott account unlock;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="软件使用"><a href="#软件使用" class="headerlink" title="软件使用"></a>软件使用</h2><ul>
<li>可以通过开始，应用程序中的Oracle 11g->应用程序开发->Sql Developer(Oracle自带可视化管理工具)或Sql Plus连接。<br>注意第一次使用SQL Developer时，会提示指定java.exe的路径，这里可以通过修改环境变量Path(添加<code>%JAVA_HOME%\bin;</code>)，然后将<code>JAVA_HOME</code>值修改为Oracel安装路径下面的JDK目录(Oracle完全安装好之后会自带一个JDK)中的bin目录(例如<code>D:\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\SQLDEVELOPER\jdk\jre</code>)或者改为所兼容JDK版本所在的安装位置的bin目录。</li>
<li>除了修改环境变量外，第一次打开的时候会提示选择Java.exe位置，同样可以选择Oracle基目录中的也可以选择已安装兼容版本的JDK。</li>
<li>Oracle11g自带的SQL Developer是32位的，需要从官网重新下载64位SQL Developer解压后替换Oracle中的SQL Developer目录中所有文件。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="卸载"><a href="#卸载" class="headerlink" title="卸载"></a>卸载</h2><h3 id="Oracle企业版卸载"><a href="#Oracle企业版卸载" class="headerlink" title="Oracle企业版卸载"></a>Oracle企业版卸载</h3><ol>
<li>停止oracle服务</li>
<li>运行%Oracle软件实地址(如果默认安装就是app文件夹)%\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\deinstall\deinstall.bat(也可以在CMD中运行)<br>示例<code>E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\deinstall\deinstall</code><ol>
<li>指定要取消配置的所有单实例监听程序 【LISTENER】:<br>你可以直接选择回车，或者可以输入LISTENER，然后回车。</li>
<li>指定在此Oracle主目录中配置的数据库名列表【BOOK,ORCL】:<br>若没有新增数据库，则仅有ORCL数据库名；若有新增将显示所有数据库名。<br>你可以直接选择回车，或者可以输入BOOK,ORCL，然后回车。</li>
<li>指定此数据库的类型，默认即可，然后回车。<br>指定数据库诊断目标位置，默认即可，然后回车。<br>指定数据库ASM:FS使用的储存类型【】：填写FS，然后回车。<br>指定数据库spfile位置【】：直接回车即可。</li>
<li>是否继续，填写y，然后回车继续运行。</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>删除基文件夹</li>
<li>删除C:/program files/oracle</li>
<li>删除注册表(注意：删除注册表中Oracle相关的信息时，请小心，防止误删其他信息，导致不必要的麻烦产生)<br>开始->运行(或者Win+R)->输入regedit->回车<br>找到以下目录：<br><code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT</code><br><code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE</code><br><code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services</code><br><code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Eventlog\Application</code><br>删除所有<code>ora</code>开头的记录。</li>
<li>查看环境变量中是否存在Oracle相关的设置，若有删除。</li>
<li>删除所有的Oracle快捷方式。</li>
<li>为了保险可以拿软件再清理一下注册表。</li>
<li>重新启动</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="Oracle-XE-卸载"><a href="#Oracle-XE-卸载" class="headerlink" title="Oracle XE 卸载"></a>Oracle XE 卸载</h3><p>这个是精简版的，没有卸载脚本，直接打开安装包可以看到卸载的选项。</p>
<h2 id="一些错误的解决"><a href="#一些错误的解决" class="headerlink" title="一些错误的解决"></a>一些错误的解决</h2><h3 id="oracle-dbconsole-无法启动-报服务特定错误-2"><a href="#oracle-dbconsole-无法启动-报服务特定错误-2" class="headerlink" title="oracle dbconsole 无法启动 报服务特定错误 2"></a>oracle dbconsole 无法启动 报服务特定错误 2</h3><p>关键要找到日志文件，在｀%ORACLE_HOME%\11.1.0\db_1\计算名_SID\sysman\log\emdb.nohup｀，日志中有记录具体导致出错原因。<br>需要进行以下修改：</p>
<ol>
<li><code>/%ORACLE_HOME%/oc4j/je22/OC4J_DBConsole_计算机名_SID/config/rmi.xml</code><br><code>port="5520" ``ssl-port="5520"</code><br>端口号使用相同，于是修改 <code>port="5521"``ssl-port="5522"</code></li>
<li>把<code>/%ORACLE_HOME%/localhost_orcl/sysman/config /emd.properties</code>文件的最后一项参数由<code>agentTZRegion=GMT</code>改成：<code>agentTZRegion=Asia/Shanghai </code>正确的时区设置</li>
<li>修改<code>AgentListenOnAllNICs=FALSE</code>可能是多网卡的原因。需要这样改。<br>然后，重启emctl start dbconsole就好了。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="Oracle-Issue-with-Environment-Variable-ORACLE-UNQNAME"><a href="#Oracle-Issue-with-Environment-Variable-ORACLE-UNQNAME" class="headerlink" title="Oracle Issue with Environment Variable ORACLE_UNQNAME"></a>Oracle Issue with Environment Variable ORACLE_UNQNAME</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">:\> emctl status dbconsole</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Environment variable ORACLE_UNQNAME not defined.<br>Please set ORACLE_UNQNAME to database unique name</p>
<p>下面是如何在windows中修改<code>oracle_unqname</code> 在UNIX/Linux中可以使用相似的<code>export command</code></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">C:\>set ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl</span><br><span class="line">C:\>set ORACLE_SID=orcl</span><br><span class="line">C:\>emctl status dbconsole</span><br><span class="line">Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0</span><br><span class="line">Copyright (c) 1996, 2010 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="使用浏览器访问自带网页可视化管理工具出错"><a href="#使用浏览器访问自带网页可视化管理工具出错" class="headerlink" title="使用浏览器访问自带网页可视化管理工具出错"></a>使用浏览器访问自带网页可视化管理工具出错</h3><p>显示Windows不能在本地计算机启动OracleDBConsoleorcl .错误代码2</p>
<h4 id="现象"><a href="#现象" class="headerlink" title="现象"></a>现象</h4><p>Windows 不能在 本地计算机 启动 OracleDBConsoleorcl。有关更多信息，查阅系统事件日志。如果这是非 Microsoft 服务，请与服务厂商联系，并参考特定服务错误代码 2。系统事件日志报错误”Agent process exited abnormally during initialization.”</p>
<h4 id="出现情况"><a href="#出现情况" class="headerlink" title="出现情况"></a>出现情况</h4><p>原来正常，计算机名更改或IP地址变了后就不能启动，</p>
<h4 id="解决步骤"><a href="#解决步骤" class="headerlink" title="解决步骤"></a>解决步骤</h4><p> 1. 开始->运行cmd</p>
<p> 1. 执行<code>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <code>C:\Documents and Settings\xcl>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> Environment variable ORACLE_SID not defined. Please define it.</span><br><span class="line"> 提示：环境变量 ORACLE_SID 未定义，请定义。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br> 1. 设置 ORACLE_SID =ORCL (orcl是当前实例名，也是服务名,SID)<br> <code>C:\Documents and Settings\xcl>set oracle_sid=orcl</code></p>
<p> 1. 再次执行<code>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <code>C:\Documents and Settings\xcl>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> OC4J Configuration issue. E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_china-d9e3f7d07_orcl not found.</span><br><span class="line"> 提示：无法找到“E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_china-d9e3f7d07_orcl “</span><br><span class="line"> 注：china-d9e3f7d07 是当前计算机名</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br> 复制该目录下的“OC4J_DBConsole_localhost_orcl”文件夹放在同一目录下,且把名称改成“OC4J_DBConsole_china-d9e3f7d07_orcl”。</p>
<p> 1. 再次执行emctl start dbconsole<br> <code>C:\Documents and Settings\xcl>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> EM Configuration issue. E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1/china-d9e3f7d07_orcl not found.</span><br><span class="line"> 提示：无法找到 “E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1/china-d9e3f7d07_orcl ”</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br> 复制该目录下的“localhost_orcl”文件夹放在同一目录下,且把名称改成“china-d9e3f7d07_orcl”。</p>
<p> 1. 再次执行emctl start dbconsole<br> <code>C:\Documents and Settings\xcl>emctl start dbconsole</code><br> <figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0</span><br><span class="line"> Copyright (c) 1996, 2006 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.</span><br><span class="line"> http://localhost:1158/em/</span><br><span class="line"> Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control ...OracleDBConsoleorcl</span><br><span class="line"> 服务正在启动</span><br><span class="line"> ..............................</span><br><span class="line"> OracleDBConsoleorcl 服务已经启动成功</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h4 id="解决方法二"><a href="#解决方法二" class="headerlink" title="解决方法二"></a>解决方法二</h4><p>先禁用网卡，启动dbconsole服务，再进入<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:1158/em%EF%BC%8C%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%E6%83%B3%E4%B8%8A%E7%BD%91%EF%BC%8C%E5%86%8D%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E7%BD%91%E5%8D%A1%EF%BC%8COK">http://localhost:1158/em，如果想上网，再启动网卡，OK</a>!<br>缺点:每一次都要禁用网卡才可以启动，麻烦。</p>
<h4 id="解决方法三"><a href="#解决方法三" class="headerlink" title="解决方法三"></a>解决方法三</h4><p>设置回还网卡，在控制面板中，点击<code>新增硬件</code>选择<code>microsoft lookback adapter</code>，进入<code>网上邻居</code>-><code>网络连接</code>，设置任意IP，开始->oracle->配置和移植工具->netconfiguration assistant 把回还网卡的IP添加->保存。</p>
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<p><span>发布时间:</span>2016-09-02, 14:30:51</p>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E6%AD%A5%E9%AA%A4"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">通用安装步骤</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">软件使用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%8D%B8%E8%BD%BD"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">卸载</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Oracle%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A%E7%89%88%E5%8D%B8%E8%BD%BD"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">Oracle企业版卸载</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Oracle-XE-%E5%8D%B8%E8%BD%BD"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Oracle XE 卸载</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%9B%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">一些错误的解决</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#oracle-dbconsole-%E6%97%A0%E6%B3%95%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8-%E6%8A%A5%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%9A%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF-2"><span class="toc-number">4.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">oracle dbconsole 无法启动 报服务特定错误 2</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Oracle-Issue-with-Environment-Variable-ORACLE-UNQNAME"><span class="toc-number">4.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Oracle Issue with Environment Variable ORACLE_UNQNAME</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E8%87%AA%E5%B8%A6%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%87%BA%E9%94%99"><span class="toc-number">4.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用浏览器访问自带网页可视化管理工具出错</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1"><span class="toc-number">4.3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">现象</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%87%BA%E7%8E%B0%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5"><span class="toc-number">4.3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">出现情况</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E6%AD%A5%E9%AA%A4"><span class="toc-number">4.3.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">解决步骤</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8C"><span class="toc-number">4.3.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">解决方法二</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%89"><span class="toc-number">4.3.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">解决方法三</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
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