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Navigation drawer

Navigation drawers provide access to destinations in your app.

A standard (left) and modal (right) Navigation drawer

Contents

Using navigation drawers

Before you can use navigation drawers, you need to add a dependency to the Material Components for Android library. For more information, go to the getting started page. For modal navigation drawers you also need to add a dependency to the AndroidX DrawerLayout library. For more information go to the releases page.

The content of all navigation drawer types can be implemented using a NavigationView.

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
  android:id="@+id/navigationView"
  ... />

Note: The layout_width and layout_height attributes should be set to wrap_content, match_parent, or a custom dimension depending on the navigation drawer type and parent ViewGroup.

Adding a menu

Nav drawer with 3 menu items

In the layout:

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
    ...
    app:menu="@menu/navigation_drawer" />

In res/menu/navigation_drawer.xml:

<menu ...>

  <item
    android:id="@+id/main_item"
    android:title="@string/mail_subheader_title">
      <menu>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/inbox_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_inbox_24px"
          android:title="@string/inbox_title"
          android:checkable="true"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/outbox_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_outbox_24px"
          android:title="@string/outbox_title"
          android:checkable="true"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/favourites_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_favourites_24px"
          android:title="@string/favourites_title"
          android:checkable="true">
      </menu>
  </item>

</menu>

Adding a header

Nav drawer with "Header title", "Header text", a "Mail" subheader, and 3 items. Item 1 is selected.

In the layout:

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
    ...
    app:headerLayout="@layout/header_navigation_drawer" />

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="24dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="24dp"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceHeadlineSmall"
        android:textColor="?attr/colorOnSurface"
        android:text="@string/header_title" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="24dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="24dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="24dp"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceTitleSmall"
        android:textColor="?attr/colorOnSurfaceVariant"
        android:text="@string/header_text" />

</LinearLayout>

Adding dividers and subtitles

Nav drawer with "Header title", "Header text", "Mail" subheader, and 6 items with a divider between items 3 and 4

Dividers are automatically added between <item> groups with unique IDs or <group>s with unique IDs. When a sub-<menu> is added to an item it is treated as a subtitle.

In res/menu/navigation_drawer.xml:

<menu ...>
  <item
    android:id="@+id/main_item"
    android:title="@string/mail_subheader_title">
      <menu>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/search_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_search_24px"
          android:title="@string/search_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/rotation_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_3d_rotation_24px"
          android:title="@string/3d_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/accelerator_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_accelerator_24px"
          android:title="@string/accelerator_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/dashboard_item"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_dashboard_24px"
          android:title="@string/dashboard_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
      </menu>
  </item>
  <item
    android:id="@+id/labels_item"
    android:title="@string/labels_subheader_title">
      <menu>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/label_one"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_label_24px"
          android:title="@string/label_one_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
        <item
          android:id="@+id/label_two"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_label_24px"
          android:title="@string/label_two_title"
          android:checkable="true"
          app:showAsAction="ifRoom"/>
      </menu>
  </item>

</menu>

Making navigation drawers accessible

Navigation drawers support content labeling for accessibility and are readable by most screen readers, such as TalkBack. Text rendered in menu items is automatically provided to accessibility services. Additional content labels are optional but recommended.

For more information on content labels, go to the Android accessibility help guide.

Content descriptions

A content description can be set on <item>s in the NavigationView menu so that screen readers like TalkBack are able to announce their purpose or action. This can be done in XML using the android:contentDescription attribute or programmatically with navigationView.menu.findItem(R.id.itemId)#setContentDescription (on API 26 and above).

Any ImageViews within the header layout should also have a content description set.

Opening and closing navigation drawers

To open navigation drawers, use clickable widgets that meet the minimum touch target size of 48dp and are properly labeled for accessibility. To close navigation drawers, consider doing the same but bear in mind that clicking on menu items or an optional scrim should also serve this purpose.

Using navigation drawers with the Navigation component

Navigation drawers can be used with the AndroidX Navigation library. For more information, go to the documentation.

Anatomy

Navigation drawers have a container, an optional header, optional dividers, items with inactive text, active text, and an active text overlay, optional subtitles, and an optional scrim.

Navigation drawer anatomy

  1. Container
  2. Subheader (optional)
  3. Label text
  4. Icon (optional)
  5. Active indicator/Item shape
  6. Badge text (coming soon)
  7. Divider
  8. Scrim (modal drawer only)

Container attributes

Element Attribute(s) Related method(s) Default value
Color android:background setBackground
getBackground		 ?attr/colorSurface
Shape app:shapeAppearance
app:shapeAppearanceOverlay		 N/A null
Elevation app:elevation (can be used on NavigationView or DrawerLayout) setElevation
getElevation		 0dp (NavigationView) or 1dp (DrawerLayout)
Max width android:maxWidth N/A 280dp
Fits system windows android:fitsSystemWindows setFitsSystemWindows
getFitsSystemWindows		 true

Header attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Layout app:headerLayout addHeaderView
inflateHeaderView
getHeaderView
getHeaderCount
removeHeaderView		 null

Divider attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Divider android:listDivider in app theme N/A Varies per platform version
Height N/A (see layout) N/A 1dp
Inset app:dividerInsetStart
app:dividerInsetEnd		 setDividerInsetStart
getDividerInsetStart
setDividerInsetEnd
getDividerInsetEnd		 28dp
28dp

Item attributes

Element Attribute(s) Related method(s) Default value
Color app:itemShapeFillColor N/A ?attr/colorSecondaryContainer
Shape app:itemShapeAppearance
app:itemShapeAppearanceOverlay		 N/A ?attr/shapeAppearanceSmallComponent
Corner size: 50%
Insets app:itemShapeInsetStart
app:itemShapeInsetTop
app:itemShapeInsetEnd
app:itemShapeInsetBottom		 N/A 12dp
0dp
12dp
0dp
Horizontal padding app:itemHorizontalPadding setItemHorizontalPadding
setItemHorizontalPaddingResource
getItemHorizontalPadding		 28dp
Vertical padding app:itemVerticalPadding setItemVerticalPadding
setItemVerticalPaddingResource
getItemVerticalPadding		 4dp

Text attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Color app:itemTextColor setItemTextColor
getItemTextColor		 ?attr/colorOnSecondaryContainer when active else ?attr/colorOnSurfaceVariant
Typography app:itemTextAppearance setItemTextAppearance ?attr/textAppearanceLabelLarge
Max lines app:itemMaxLines setItemMaxLines
getItemMaxLines		 1

Icon attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Color app:itemIconTint setIconItemTintList
getIconItemTintList		 ?attr/colorOnSecondaryContainer when active else ?attr/colorOnSurfaceVariant
Size app:itemIconSize setItemIconSize 24dp
Padding app:itemIconPadding setItemIconPadding
setItemIconPaddingResource
getItemIconPadding		 12dp

Subtitle attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Color app:subheaderColor N/A ?attr/colorOnSurfaceVariant
Typography app:subheaderTextAppearance N/A ?attr/textAppearanceTitleSmall
Max lines N/A N/A 1
Height N/A N/A ?attr/listPreferredItemHeightSmall
Padding app:subheaderInsetStart
app:subheaderInsetEnd		 setSubheaderInsetStart
getSubheaderInsetStart
setSubheaderInsetEnd
getSubheaderInsetEnd		 28dp and 28dp

Scrim attributes

Element Attribute Related method(s) Default value
Color N/A setScrimColor on DrawerLayout Black at 60% opacity

NavigationView styles

Element Style
Default style Widget.Material3.NavigationView

Default style theme attribute: ?attr/navigationViewStyle

DrawerLayout styles

Element Style
Default style Widget.Material3.DrawerLayout

Default style theme attribute: ?attr/drawerLayoutStyle

Types

There are three types of navigation drawers: 1. Standard navigation drawer, 2. Modal navigation drawer, 3. Bottom navigation drawer

Standard navigation drawer

Standard navigation drawers allow interaction with both screen content and the drawer at the same time. They can be used on tablet and desktop, but they aren’t suitable for mobile devices due to limited screen size.

Standard navigation drawer example

API and source code:

The following example shows a permanently visible standard navigation drawer.

Nav drawer with "Header title", "Header text", “Subtitle”, and 3 items with icons on left of screen.

In the layout:

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
        ...
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />

    <!-- Screen content (constrained to end of navigationView) -->

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

In res/values/themes.xml:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.Material3.DayNight.*">
    <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
</style>

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    ...

</LinearLayout>

Modal navigation drawer

Modal navigation drawers block interaction with the rest of an app’s content with a scrim. They are elevated above most of the app’s UI and don’t affect the screen’s layout grid.

They are primarily used for mobile devices where screen space is limited, and can be replaced by standard drawers on tablet and desktop.

Modal navigation drawer example

API and source code:

The following example shows a modal navigation drawer.

A screen with a modal navigation drawer open. The drawer container "Header title", "Header text", and 6 items.

In the layout:

<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout
    ...
    android:id="@+id/drawerLayout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:openDrawer="start">

    <androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

        <!-- Screen content -->
        <!-- Use app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior" to fit below top app bar -->

    </androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
        ...
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="start" />

</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>

In res/values/themes.xml:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.Material3.DayNight.*">
    <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
</style>

In res/layout/header_navigation_drawer.xml:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    ...

</LinearLayout>

In code:

topAppBar.setNavigationOnClickListener {
    drawerLayout.open()
}

navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener { menuItem ->
    // Handle menu item selected
    menuItem.isChecked = true
    drawerLayout.close()
    true
}

For more information on top app bars see the documentation.

Bottom navigation drawer

Bottom navigation drawers are modal drawers that are anchored to the bottom of the screen instead of the left or right edge. They are only used with bottom app bars.

These drawers open upon tapping the navigation menu icon in the bottom app bar. They are only for use on mobile devices.

Bottom navigation drawer example

API and source code:

The following example shows a bottom navigation drawer with a bottom app bar.

2 views: screen with bottom app bar; nav drawer covering bottom with scrim over remaining screen.

In the layout:

<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
    ...
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_marginBottom="?attr/actionBarSize">

        <!-- Screen content -->

        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/scrim"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />

        <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
            ...
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_behavior="@string/bottom_sheet_behavior"
            app:behavior_hideable="true" />

    </androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

    <com.google.android.material.bottomappbar.BottomAppBar
        android:id="@+id/bottomAppBar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_menu_24dp" />

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

In code:

val bottomSheetBehavior = BottomSheetBehavior.from(navigationView)
bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN

bottomAppBar.setNavigationOnClickListener {
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_EXPANDED
}

navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener { menuItem ->
    // Handle menu item selected
    menuItem.isChecked = true
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN
    true
}

scrim.setOnClickListener {
    bottomSheetBehavior.state = BottomSheetBehavior.STATE_HIDDEN
}

bottomSheetBehavior.addBottomSheetCallback(object : BottomSheetBehavior.BottomSheetCallback() {
    override fun onSlide(bottomSheet: View, slideOffset: Float) {
        val baseColor = Color.BLACK
        // 60% opacity
        val baseAlpha = ResourcesCompat.getFloat(resources, R.dimen.material_emphasis_medium)
        // Map slideOffset from [-1.0, 1.0] to [0.0, 1.0]
        val offset = (slideOffset - (-1f)) / (1f - (-1f)) * (1f - 0f) + 0f
        val alpha = MathUtils.lerp(0f, 255f, offset * baseAlpha).toInt()
        val color = Color.argb(alpha, baseColor.red, baseColor.green, baseColor.blue)
        scrim.setBackgroundColor(color)
    }
    override fun onStateChanged(bottomSheet: View, newState: Int) {
    }
})

For more information on bottom app bars see the documentation.

Theming

Navigation drawers support Material Theming which can customize color, typography and shape.

Navigation drawer theming example

API and source code:

The following example shows a navigation drawer with Material Theming.

Nav drawer with “Header”, “Header text”, “Mail” subtitle and 6 items: brown text and icons, pink containers.

Implementing navigation drawer theming

Use theme attributes, default style theme attributes, and styles in res/values/styles.xml, which applies to all navigation drawers and affects other components:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.Material3.*">
    ...
    <item name="colorSecondaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_secondaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorOnSecondaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSecondaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorTertiaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_tertiaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorOnTertiaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_onTertiaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorSurface">@color/shrine_theme_light_surface</item>
    <item name="colorOnSurface">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSurface</item>
    <item name="colorOnSurfaceVariant">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSurfaceVariant</item>
    <item name="colorOutline">@color/shrine_theme_light_outline</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceTitleSmall">@style/TextAppearance.App.TitleSmall</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceLabelLarge">@style/TextAppearance.App.LabelLarge</item>
</style>

<style name="TextAppearance.App.TitleSmall" parent="TextAppearance.Material3.TitleSmall">
    <item name="fontFamily">@font/rubik</item>
    <item name="android:fontFamily">@font/rubik</item>
</style>

<style name="TextAppearance.App.LabelLarge" parent="TextAppearance.Material3.LabelLarge">
    <item name="fontFamily">@font/rubik</item>
    <item name="android:fontFamily">@font/rubik</item>
</style>

<style name="Widget.App.NavigationView" parent="Widget.Material3.NavigationView">
    <item name="itemIconTint">@color/navigation_item_color</item>
    <item name="itemTextColor">@color/navigation_item_color</item>
    <item name="itemShapeFillColor">@color/navigation_item_background_color</item>
</style>

In res/color/navigation_item_color.xml:

<selector ...>
    <item android:color="?attr/colorOnTertiaryContainer" android:state_checked="true"/>
    <item android:alpha="@dimen/material_emphasis_disabled" android:color="?attr/colorOnSurface" android:state_enabled="false"/>
    <item android:color="?attr/colorOnSurfaceVariant"/>
</selector>

In res/color/navigation_item_background_color.xml:

<selector ...>
    <item android:alpha="@dimen/material_emphasis_disabled" android:color="?attr/colorTertiaryContainer" android:state_activated="true"/>
    <item android:alpha="@dimen/material_emphasis_disabled" android:color="?attr/colorTertiaryContainer" android:state_checked="true"/>
    <item android:color="@android:color/transparent"/>
</selector>

Use default style theme attributes, styles and theme overlays which apply to all navigation drawers but do not affect other components:

<style name="Theme.App" parent="Theme.Material3.*">
    ...
    <item name="navigationViewStyle">@style/Widget.App.NavigationView</item>
</style>

<style name="Widget.App.NavigationView" parent="Widget.Material3.NavigationView">
    <item name="materialThemeOverlay">@style/ThemeOverlay.App.NavigationView</item>
    <item name="itemIconTint">@color/navigation_item_color</item>
    <item name="itemTextColor">@color/navigation_item_color</item>
    <item name="itemShapeFillColor">@color/navigation_item_background_color</item>
</style>

<style name="ThemeOverlay.App.NavigationView" parent="">
    <item name="colorSecondaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_secondaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorOnSecondaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSecondaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorTertiaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_tertiaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorOnTertiaryContainer">@color/shrine_theme_light_onTertiaryContainer</item>
    <item name="colorSurface">@color/shrine_theme_light_surface</item>
    <item name="colorOnSurface">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSurface</item>
    <item name="colorOnSurfaceVariant">@color/shrine_theme_light_onSurfaceVariant</item>
    <item name="colorOutline">@color/shrine_theme_light_outline</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceTitleSmall">@style/TextAppearance.App.TitleSmall</item>
    <item name="textAppearanceLabelLarge">@style/TextAppearance.App.LabelLarge</item>
</style>

Use the style in the layout, which affects only this navigation drawer:

<com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
    ...
    style="@style/Widget.App.NavigationView" />