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HandRecognition.py
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# **********************************************
# * Hand Gesture Recognition Implementation v1.0
# * 2 July 2016
# * Mahaveer Verma
# **********************************************
import cv2
import numpy as np
import math
from GestureAPI import *
# Variables & parameters
hsv_thresh_lower=150
gaussian_ksize=11
gaussian_sigma=0
morph_elem_size=13
median_ksize=3
capture_box_count=9
capture_box_dim=20
capture_box_sep_x=8
capture_box_sep_y=18
capture_pos_x=500
capture_pos_y=150
cap_region_x_begin=0.5 # start point/total width
cap_region_y_end=0.8 # start point/total width
finger_thresh_l=2.0
finger_thresh_u=3.8
radius_thresh=0.04 # factor of width of full frame
first_iteration=True
finger_ct_history=[0,0]
# ------------------------ Function declarations ------------------------ #
# 1. Hand capture histogram
def hand_capture(frame_in,box_x,box_y):
hsv = cv2.cvtColor(frame_in, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
ROI = np.zeros([capture_box_dim*capture_box_count,capture_box_dim,3], dtype=hsv.dtype)
for i in range(capture_box_count):
ROI[i*capture_box_dim:i*capture_box_dim+capture_box_dim,0:capture_box_dim] = hsv[box_y[i]:box_y[i]+capture_box_dim,box_x[i]:box_x[i]+capture_box_dim]
hand_hist = cv2.calcHist([ROI],[0, 1], None, [180, 256], [0, 180, 0, 256])
cv2.normalize(hand_hist,hand_hist, 0, 255, cv2.NORM_MINMAX)
return hand_hist
# 2. Filters and threshold
def hand_threshold(frame_in,hand_hist):
frame_in=cv2.medianBlur(frame_in,3)
hsv=cv2.cvtColor(frame_in,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
hsv[0:int(cap_region_y_end*hsv.shape[0]),0:int(cap_region_x_begin*hsv.shape[1])]=0 # Right half screen only
hsv[int(cap_region_y_end*hsv.shape[0]):hsv.shape[0],0:hsv.shape[1]]=0
back_projection = cv2.calcBackProject([hsv], [0,1],hand_hist, [00,180,0,256], 1)
disc = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_ELLIPSE, (morph_elem_size,morph_elem_size))
cv2.filter2D(back_projection, -1, disc, back_projection)
back_projection=cv2.GaussianBlur(back_projection,(gaussian_ksize,gaussian_ksize), gaussian_sigma)
back_projection=cv2.medianBlur(back_projection,median_ksize)
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(back_projection, hsv_thresh_lower, 255, 0)
return thresh
# 3. Find hand contour
def hand_contour_find(contours):
max_area=0
largest_contour=-1
for i in range(len(contours)):
cont=contours[i]
area=cv2.contourArea(cont)
if(area>max_area):
max_area=area
largest_contour=i
if(largest_contour==-1):
return False,0
else:
h_contour=contours[largest_contour]
return True,h_contour
# 4. Detect & mark fingers
def mark_fingers(frame_in,hull,pt,radius):
global first_iteration
global finger_ct_history
finger=[(hull[0][0][0],hull[0][0][1])]
j=0
cx = pt[0]
cy = pt[1]
for i in range(len(hull)):
dist = np.sqrt((hull[-i][0][0] - hull[-i+1][0][0])**2 + (hull[-i][0][1] - hull[-i+1][0][1])**2)
if (dist>18):
if(j==0):
finger=[(hull[-i][0][0],hull[-i][0][1])]
else:
finger.append((hull[-i][0][0],hull[-i][0][1]))
j=j+1
temp_len=len(finger)
i=0
while(i<temp_len):
dist = np.sqrt( (finger[i][0]- cx)**2 + (finger[i][1] - cy)**2)
if(dist<finger_thresh_l*radius or dist>finger_thresh_u*radius or finger[i][1]>cy+radius):
finger.remove((finger[i][0],finger[i][1]))
temp_len=temp_len-1
else:
i=i+1
temp_len=len(finger)
if(temp_len>5):
for i in range(1,temp_len+1-5):
finger.remove((finger[temp_len-i][0],finger[temp_len-i][1]))
palm=[(cx,cy),radius]
if(first_iteration):
finger_ct_history[0]=finger_ct_history[1]=len(finger)
first_iteration=False
else:
finger_ct_history[0]=0.34*(finger_ct_history[0]+finger_ct_history[1]+len(finger))
if((finger_ct_history[0]-int(finger_ct_history[0]))>0.8):
finger_count=int(finger_ct_history[0])+1
else:
finger_count=int(finger_ct_history[0])
finger_ct_history[1]=len(finger)
count_text="FINGERS:"+str(finger_count)
cv2.putText(frame_in,count_text,(int(0.62*frame_in.shape[1]),int(0.88*frame_in.shape[0])),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX,1,(0,255,255),1,8)
for k in range(len(finger)):
cv2.circle(frame_in,finger[k],10,255,2)
cv2.line(frame_in,finger[k],(cx,cy),255,2)
return frame_in,finger,palm
# 5. Mark hand center circle
def mark_hand_center(frame_in,cont):
max_d=0
pt=(0,0)
x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(cont)
for ind_y in range(int(y+0.3*h),int(y+0.8*h)): #around 0.25 to 0.6 region of height (Faster calculation with ok results)
for ind_x in range(int(x+0.3*w),int(x+0.6*w)): #around 0.3 to 0.6 region of width (Faster calculation with ok results)
dist= cv2.pointPolygonTest(cont,(ind_x,ind_y),True)
if(dist>max_d):
max_d=dist
pt=(ind_x,ind_y)
if(max_d>radius_thresh*frame_in.shape[1]):
thresh_score=True
cv2.circle(frame_in,pt,int(max_d),(255,0,0),2)
else:
thresh_score=False
return frame_in,pt,max_d,thresh_score
# 6. Find and display gesture
def find_gesture(frame_in,finger,palm):
frame_gesture.set_palm(palm[0],palm[1])
frame_gesture.set_finger_pos(finger)
frame_gesture.calc_angles()
gesture_found=DecideGesture(frame_gesture,GestureDictionary)
gesture_text="GESTURE:"+str(gesture_found)
cv2.putText(frame_in,gesture_text,(int(0.56*frame_in.shape[1]),int(0.97*frame_in.shape[0])),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX,1,(0,255,255),1,8)
return frame_in,gesture_found
# 7. Remove bg from image
def remove_bg(frame):
fg_mask=bg_model.apply(frame)
kernel = np.ones((3,3),np.uint8)
fg_mask=cv2.erode(fg_mask,kernel,iterations = 1)
frame=cv2.bitwise_and(frame,frame,mask=fg_mask)
return frame
# ------------------------ BEGIN ------------------------ #
# Camera
camera = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
capture_done=0
bg_captured=0
GestureDictionary=DefineGestures()
frame_gesture=Gesture("frame_gesture")
while(1):
# Capture frame from camera
ret, frame = camera.read()
frame=cv2.bilateralFilter(frame,5,50,100)
# Operations on the frame
frame=cv2.flip(frame,1)
cv2.rectangle(frame,(int(cap_region_x_begin*frame.shape[1]),0),(frame.shape[1],int(cap_region_y_end*frame.shape[0])),(255,0,0),1)
frame_original=np.copy(frame)
if(bg_captured):
fg_frame=remove_bg(frame)
if (not (capture_done and bg_captured)):
if(not bg_captured):
cv2.putText(frame,"Remove hand from the frame and press 'b' to capture background",(int(0.05*frame.shape[1]),int(0.97*frame.shape[0])),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,0.5,(0,255,255),1,8)
else:
cv2.putText(frame,"Place hand inside boxes and press 'c' to capture hand histogram",(int(0.08*frame.shape[1]),int(0.97*frame.shape[0])),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,0.5,(0,255,255),1,8)
first_iteration=True
finger_ct_history=[0,0]
box_pos_x=np.array([capture_pos_x,capture_pos_x+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_x,capture_pos_x+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_x,capture_pos_x,capture_pos_x+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_x,capture_pos_x+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_x,capture_pos_x,capture_pos_x+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_x,capture_pos_x+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_x],dtype=int)
box_pos_y=np.array([capture_pos_y,capture_pos_y,capture_pos_y,capture_pos_y+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_y,capture_pos_y+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_y,capture_pos_y+capture_box_dim+capture_box_sep_y,capture_pos_y+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_y,capture_pos_y+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_y,capture_pos_y+2*capture_box_dim+2*capture_box_sep_y],dtype=int)
for i in range(capture_box_count):
cv2.rectangle(frame,(box_pos_x[i],box_pos_y[i]),(box_pos_x[i]+capture_box_dim,box_pos_y[i]+capture_box_dim),(255,0,0),1)
else:
frame=hand_threshold(fg_frame,hand_histogram)
contour_frame=np.copy(frame)
contours,hierarchy=cv2.findContours(contour_frame,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
found,hand_contour=hand_contour_find(contours)
if(found):
hand_convex_hull=cv2.convexHull(hand_contour)
frame,hand_center,hand_radius,hand_size_score=mark_hand_center(frame_original,hand_contour)
if(hand_size_score):
frame,finger,palm=mark_fingers(frame,hand_convex_hull,hand_center,hand_radius)
frame,gesture_found=find_gesture(frame,finger,palm)
else:
frame=frame_original
# Display frame in a window
cv2.imshow('Hand Gesture Recognition v1.0',frame)
interrupt=cv2.waitKey(10)
# Quit by pressing 'q'
if interrupt & 0xFF == ord('q'):
break
# Capture hand by pressing 'c'
elif interrupt & 0xFF == ord('c'):
if(bg_captured):
capture_done=1
hand_histogram=hand_capture(frame_original,box_pos_x,box_pos_y)
# Capture background by pressing 'b'
elif interrupt & 0xFF == ord('b'):
bg_model = cv2.createBackgroundSubtractorMOG2(0,10)
bg_captured=1
# Reset captured hand by pressing 'r'
elif interrupt & 0xFF == ord('r'):
capture_done=0
bg_captured=0
# Release camera & end program
camera.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()