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origin.txt
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a = int. 啊，哦ah, huh, oops
aš = int. 啊，哦ah, huh, oops
a uju = n. 字母表alphabet, ABC, letters ; manju i a uju 满文字头Manchu alphabet
abdaha = n. 叶子leaf ; moo i abdaha 树叶tree's leaves
abka = n. 天，天空；上天 ; genggiyen abka 蓝天，青天 blue and sunny sky ; abkai hesei 奉天命with heaven's mandate ; dergi abka 上天heaven ; niohon abka 苍天firmament, aether
abka na de = ad. 天上地下on heaven and earth
abkai buten = n. 天涯ends of the earth, corner of the world
abkai ejen = n. 神，天主，上帝God, Lord ; abkai ejen i jui 神的儿子God's son (Jesus Christ)
abkai gege = n. 仙女fairy girl, celestial maiden
abkai gurun = n. 天国God's kingdom, heaven ( also as abkai ejen i gurun)
abkai sukdun = n. 天气weather ; enenggi i abkai sukdun 今天的天气today's weather
Abkai Wehiyehe = n. 乾隆，乾隆朝the Qianlong reign (r. 1736-1796)
absi = ad. 怎样how? how to? where to? ; handu be absi tarimbi? 怎样种水稻how to grow paddy
acanjirengge = n. 相会，见面meeting, get-together, date ; oboo de acanjirengge 敖包相会dating in the oboo tent
acanweilen = n. 合作cooperation, collaboration
adališara = a. 类似的similar ; adališara jilgan 类似的音similar voice (pronunciation)
adališarakū = a. 不同的different ; adališarakū ba 区别，不同之处difference, distinction
adanambi = v. 参加，加入to participate in, to join
adarame = ad. 怎样，如何how ; se adarame? 多大岁数？how old…?
afa-gurun erin = 战国时代the Warring States period
afame gaimbi = v. 攻占to attack and capture, to take or occupy by force
afan = n. 战争war ; Han-Yailak i afan 汉－雅拉克战争Han-Yailak war
afan jijun = n. 战线front line, frontier; occupation ; katurebun afan jijun 体育战线collective name of all people working in physical education and sports
Afuhan gurun = geogr. 阿富汗Afghanistan
aga = n. 雨rain ; agai muke 雨水rain water, precipitation
aga agambi = v. 下雨to rain
agu = n. 兄，老兄brother, buddy, fellow
agūra = n. 工具，器具tools, instrument ; weilere agūra 工具tools
ahūn = n. 哥哥，阿兄 elder brother
ahūn deo = n. 兄弟brothers, siblings ; ahūn deo udu? 兄弟几个？How many brothers do you have? ; ahūn deo juwe nofi 兄弟有两个I have one brother (lit. We are two brothers)
ahūn deo uksura = 兄弟民族 fraternal nationalities
ahūn-non = n. 兄妹elder brother and younger sister
ai = p. 什么，何what? what kind of? ; ere oci ai? 这是什么？What's this?
ai hacin = a. 什么样的what kind of (thing or people) ; ai hacin niyalma 什么样的人what kind of people, who
ai jaka = n. pron. 什么，什么东西what? what kind of thing
aiba = n. pron. 什么地方？where?
aibide = ad. 到哪里，向哪里where, to where ; muse aibide genere? 我们这是到哪里去？Where are we going?
aici = ad. pron. 怎样地？how?
aici niyalma = n. 哪个人？哪些人？who? what kind of people?
aifini = ad 早已already, for a long time
aika = conj. 如果，假如if
aimaka = conj. 好像it appears, it looks like; like, as if
aimu = ad. 怎么how?
ainambi = v. 干什么？to do for what purpose? why doing sth.
ainara = ad. pron. 怎么样？如何？how?
ainci = conj. 或，或者or
ainu = ad. 为什么？怎么会why? how come?
aise = ad. 或许，也许perhaps (usually at the end of the sentence)
aiseme = ad. 为什么，为何why, for what
aisilara ＝ n. 帮助，帮忙；援助help, favour; aid, assistance
aisin usiha = n. 金星Venus, the second nearest planet from the sun
aji = a. 小的，小小的little
aji juse = n. 小童，幼儿small children
ajige = a. 小的small, little
ajige hoton jen = n. 小城镇small town, village ; ajige hoton jen i iliburan 小城镇建设small township development
ajige juse = n. 儿童children
ajige mujilen = n. 小心，谨慎special care ; ajige mujilen i 小心地carefully, with care
ajige šunggiya = n. 《诗经》之小雅Xiao Ya of the Book of Songs
ajirgan = a. 公的，雄性的male
akdun ilimbi = v. 提供担保to provide warranty
akjambi = vi. 打雷to thunder ; akjaha打雷了(it) thundered
akjan = n. 雷，雷电thunder
akū oci = prep. 没有without
albašan = n. 服务service
alibumbi = v. 贡献 to contribute ; hūsun alibumbi 贡献力量to do one's bit (for sth.)
alikū = n. 盘子plate, dish
alin = n. 山mountain, hill ; alin ba 山地mountainous area, alpine area ; den alin 高山 high mountain
alin gese ombi = 堆积如山to pile up like mountains
alin holo = n. 山谷mountain valley
alirame = ad. 走山，沿着山along the mountain ridges
aliyambi = vi. 等，等待to wait for sb.
ama = n. 爸爸，父亲father, daddy
ama eniye = n. 父母parents, father and mother
amaga = ad. 后来later (on), after
amaga inenggi = n. 今后，日后days to come, future
amagangga = a. 后来的later
amala = post. 后，后面；然后back, rear; then, after that, after finishing sth.
amargi = n. 北，北方north
amasi = ad. 向后backward
amba = a. 大的，巨大的，伟大的great, big, enormous
amba baita = n. 大事，重要的事 major event, big task
amba falicun = n. 大团结solidarity of all people (with different ethnic, cultural, religious or political backgrounds)
amba hūsun i = ad. 大力地with great effort ; amba hūsun i ulame selgiyembi 大力宣传to polpularize sth. with great effort
amba isan = n. 大会congress ; gubci gurun fundesisai amba isan 全国代表大会national congress
amba muru = a. 大概，大约probably, likely, be supposed to
amba tacikū = n. 大学university ; Jejiyang Amba Tacikū 浙江大学Zhejiang University
ambarame = ad. 大规模的，大规模地on a large scale
amen = ad. 阿门，确实 amen, verily
amji = n. 大伯ancle; man 50 years or older
amtangga = a. 甜蜜的，有滋道的；有意思的sweet, tasty; fun
amtanggai = ad. 有兴致地，津津有味地with fun, pleasurably ; amtanggai leolembi 津津有味地交谈to talk with great fun
aname ibenumbi = v. 推进to promote (sth.), to push ahead, to make progress in doing sth.
An-ciowan Bu = n. 安全部National Security Bureau
andan = n. 顷刻instant, moment ; majige andande 不一会儿soon, before long
angga = n. 口，嘴巴mouth, entrance, intake
angga gaimbi = vi. 接吻，亲嘴to kiss (with) sb.
angga ojombi = vi. 接吻，亲嘴to kiss sb. See angga gaimbi
anggala = n. 口，人口person, mouth ; uheri udu anggala? 几口人？How many people? ; sunja anggala 五口人 five people
aniya = n. 年year ; ere aniya 今年this year ; erguwen aniya 本命年year of one's own image, one's pivotal years (when he is 12, 24, 36, etc. years old)
aniya biya = n. 一月，正月January
aniya hūsime = ad. 整年，全年all the year
aniya inenggi = n. 元旦New Year's day
aniyadari = a. 每年，年度every year, yearly ; aniyadari aka muke 年度雨水量yearly rainfall or precipitation
aniyai dorgi de = ad. 在年内within this year, by the end of the year
aniyalame = ad. 整年，全年year round, all year long
ansarasu = n. 概论，纲要general introduction, outline ; ulgiyan ujire ansarasu 养猪概论introduction to pig raising
antaha = n. 客人guest
antaharara = n. 客气 standing on ceremony ; ume antaharara 不要客气 please be at home; help yourself (with the food and dishes); don't stand on ceremony.
antaka = pron. 怎么样的？how, how well ; tacibuhangge antaka? 教得怎么样？How is one doing with his teaching? ; Enenggi i abkai sukdun antaka? 今天天气怎样？How is the weather today?
antu = n. 山的阳面sunlit and warmer side of a mountian
arambi = v. 做，作；写，书写to make, to do; to write ; buda be arambi 做饭to prepare meal
aramtucibure = a. 生产（者）的(of or pertaining to) producers' ; usirtai aramtucibure hedzoše 农村生产合作社agricultural producers' cooperative
arara = n. 收集，搜集collecting
arbun = n. 式，形式；情况，形势form, shape, appearance; case, conditions; recent progress, situation ; weileran arbun 工作情况recent progress in one's work
arbun i angga = n. 两河会处river junction where two rivers meet
arbungga ba = n. 风景区，景点tourist attraction, scenery spot
arfa = n. 燕麦oat
arga = n. 办法idea, way, method
arga akū = 没有办法I (we, you) can do nothing about it.
arki = n. 白酒，烧酒 arrack, white spirit, liquor
arsalan = n. 狮子 lion
arsun = n. 芽，嫩尖sprout, shoot ; arsun arsuka 发芽了sprouted
asigan = a. 少年的，年轻的young. Cf. asihan
asihan = a. 少年的，年轻的young, also as asigan (Sibe)
asihatasai falin = n. 青年团the Youth League ; Jungg'oi gungcan-juyi asihatasi falin 中国共青团Chinese Communist Youth League
asihatasi = n. 团员youth league member
asita = n. 年轻人young person ; sibe asita 一个锡伯青年a Sibe young man
aššan = n. 运动，活动 (community or neighborhood) activities; campaign, social movement
asu = n. 网；互联网net, web; internet ; asu de 网上，在互联网上online, on the web
atanggi = pron. 何时？什么时候？when? what time?
aya = int. 啊呀，哎呀oops, oh, doh, huh (when sth. went wrong)
ayan1 = a. 大的，巨大的 great, huge, powerful ; ayan edun 大风strong blast of wind, storm
ayan2 = n. 蜡，石蜡wax ; ayan dengjan 蜡烛wax candle
ba i gisun = n. 方言，土话，土方话dialect
ba1 = n. 地方，地区place, area ; amargi ba i niyalma 北方人one who comes from the north ; tesu ba 本地local area
ba2 = n. 里，华里 (~ 500 m) Chinese li, a measure of distance about 1500 feet; neighbourhood ; tofohon ba 十五里fifteen li
babade = ad. 到处everywhere
badarambungga buleku = n. 显微镜microscope
badarambure = a. 发展的developing, (of or related to) development
badaran = n. 发展，开发development
badarara = n. 发展development, developing sth. ; jingji badarara 发展经济，经济发展economic development, developing economy
badiri = n. 钵earthen bowl used by Buddhist monks for alms
bahambi = v. 取得，获得，得到to get, to obtain, to acquire; to achieve
bahanarakū = vi. 不会，不能can not, to be unable ; bi manju gisun be gisureme bahanarakū 我不会说满语I can't speak Manchu.
baihu = n. 白乎，瞎说，扯淡nonsense
baingge = a. 某处的somewhere there
baise = n. 白菜cabbage (Chin. baicai)
baita = n. 事，事情，事务matter, affair ; baita icihiyarangge 办事tackling an affair, dealing with a matter ; baita akū 没关系 That's alright. It's OK.
baitakū = 没什么that's alright, that's fine
baitalambi = v. 用，使用to use, to apply
baitalara = n. 应用use, application ; terei baitalara 它的用途its applications // a.应用的，实用的applying, practical
baitalara arga = n. 用法，使用方法use, method of application
baitalara gisun = n. 用语，词汇glossary, lexicon, words for a particular use ; erin kemu i baitalara gisun 时间用语words to describe time
bajargi = n. 彼岸yonder bank or shore
bajila = n. 对岸，彼岸yonder bank (of a river or sea)
baksi = n. 博士 doctor, scholar (Chin. boshi)
baksi i yarure sefu = n. 博士导师，博导supervisor for doctorate programs, doctorate supervisor
baktaka gisun = n. 寓言allegory
bala = n. 附近 nighbourhood, vicinity
baniha = n. 谢谢thanks
banjibumbi = v. 生，生产to give birth to (a baby); to lay (eggs) ; umhan banjibumbi 生蛋to lay eggs
banjiha arambi = v. 给某人过生日to celebrate ones birthday
banjiha inenggi = n. 生日 birthday
banjihangge = a. 出生was born ; Bi ya ci aniya de banjihangge ? 你哪一年生的？Which year were you born in? ; Bi emu minggan uyun tanggū ninju ningguci aniya de banjihengge. 我生于1966年。I was born in 1966.
banjimbi = vi. 生，活着to live, to survive ; enteheme banjimbi 永生to live an eternal life
banjin = n. 生命；生活 life; living ; ice banjin 新生活，新生命 new life
banjinaha = pp. 所形成的arisen, caused
banjire bucere = n. 生死，存亡life and death
banjirman = n. 卫生，保健hygiene
banjirsu i torhomilasu = n. 生态环境ecological and environmental situation ; banjirsu i torhomilasu be karmatambi 保护生态环境to protect the environment
bargiyaha = n. 收成harvest
bargiyara = n. 收割harvesting
baru = post. 向，朝着to, toward
barun = ad. 全年year round, at any time of the year
basubumbi = vt. 被嘲笑to be mocked
bayan = a. 富的，富裕的；丰饶的rich, affluent; fertile
be = pron. 我们（不包括听者）we (excluding the listener)
bebe = n. 饽饽bread
bederebumbi = v. 还，归还（东西）to return sth (to its owner)
bederembi = v. 回去，回to go back, to return
beideme las'halambi = vi. 判决to judge, to rule
Beijing = geogr. 北京Beijing, also as Beging in Manchun texts
beikuwen = a. 冷的cold
bejilere gisun jube = n. 寓言fable
bekdun = n. 债，债务debt
beleke = n. 礼物gift, present
beleni = a. 成，制成的，现成的prepared, ready-to-use ; ~ okto 药物prepared madicine, remedy
belhembi = v. 准备，做准备to prepare for sth.
bengneli = ad. 猝然abruptly, unexpectedly
beningge = n. 女士 ; beninggesa 女士们ladies
bethe = n. 产，家业 properties, estate
bethe garalambi = v. 破产to bankrupt
beye = n. a. 自己；自我的，自己的 ; beye dasangga 自治autonomy
beye dasangga = n.自治autonomy ; uksurai cioi-ioi i beye dasangga fafun民族区域自治法Ethnic minorities regional autonomy law
beye dursun = n. 身体，健康情况health, wellness
beye foršohombi = 翻身，得解放to turn over, to be liberated (Chin. fanshen)
beye sain = 您好！（对尊长者）How are you? (addressing a senior or respected person)
beyebe beye arambi = vi. 自杀to kill oneself, to commit suicide
beyebe hairambi = vi. 自爱to love oneself, not to abuse oneself
beyebe urebure = n. 健身；a. 健身的(of or related to) personal wellness, exercise, gym
beyei nirugan = n. 肖像 portrait ; beyei nirugan toose 肖像权portrait right
beyembi = n. 结成一块，板结；结冰 to form a block or body, to freeze
bi = lv. 有there is (are) ; Emu aniya de udu inenggi bi? 一年有多少天？How many days are there in a year? ; beye de bi oho 有喜了(woman) is pregnant
bi = pron. 我I (1st pers. sing. nom.) ; Bi simbe buyembi. 我爱你 I love you.
bi simbe cihalambi = 我喜欢你 I like you.
bigan = n. 野地，旷野wilderness, field
bigarame = ad. 出外，到野外outside, in the field, in the wilderness
bihe = ad. 曾经once, used to
bihengge = a. 在的，存在的being, appearing, that appears
bikcu = n. 比丘，和尚bikchuni, Buddhist monk ; bikcusa 众僧Buddhist monks
bilgan = n. 届term of office ; nadaci bilgan 第七届the seventh term of an institution
bilgan = n. 期，时期period, age
bilgangga hūdai jaka = n. 期货futures, time-bargain
bilha = n. 喉咙throat, larnyx ; bilha fejergi ci 从喉咙底下from the back of larnyx
biltembi = vi. 泛滥to flood
bimbi = v. 在，待to stay, to be (in somewhere) ; boode bimbi 在家（没有出门或者工作）to be at home (not off), to stay at home (not working or studying)
bime = conj. 既…又… and, as well as (connecting two adjactives, etc.) ; sain bime tomorhon 又好又清楚 good and clear
bio = q. 有吗？Is there any …? (always at the end of the sentence, marking a question)
bira = n. 河，河流river, stream
biren = a. 母的，雌性的female
bireng ulhibun = n. 广告advertisment, commercial ; bireng ulhibun fafun 广告法Commercials and Advertisements Law
birgan = n. 溪水，小河沟rivulet
bisirengge akū = v. 是没有的，是不存在的there does not exist, there is not
bithe = n. 书，笔帖，文献；证书book, written document; liscence, permit (Chin. bitie)
bithe boo = n. 书屋，书室study, reading room
bithe cagan = n. 书籍 (volumes of) books
bithe hūlambi = v. 读书，上学to go to school, to study (at an university, school, etc.)
bithe i tacin = n. 儒学，儒教Confucianism ; bithe, fucihi, doose 儒释道（三教）Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism
bithe kūwaran = n. 书院，学苑school ; manju hergen bithe kūwaran 满文书院School for Manchu Language Studies
bithe tuwara agusa = n.pl. 读者readers
bithei gisun = n. 书信，信函official letter
bithei niyalma = n. 文人，雅士man of lettres, learned person
biya = n. 月亮；月moon; month ; genggiyen biya 明月bright moon
biya halan = n. （妇女的）月经menses
biya jembi = vi. 月食 (said of the moon) to stage a lunar eclipse, to be eclipsed
biyadari = ad. 每月every month
biyai elden = n. 月光moonlight
biyai icereme = ad. 月初early this month, at the beginning of the month
biyai manashūn = n. 月底end of the month
biyalame = ad. 累月month after month
biyangga inenggi = n. 中秋节Moon's day, Mid-autumn day (day of family reunion)
boco = n. 色，颜色；女色，性colour; sex, lust ; boco de dosimbi 沉溺于性to be indulged in sex
bodomin = n. 计划plan, scheme ; bodomin bime有计划地 in a well-planned manner
bofun = n. 包，包裹parcel, bag (Chin. 包袱baofu)
boigoji = n. 主人，室主host
boigon = n. 家庭family, household ; mini boigon 我的家my family
boihon = n. 土，泥土soil, earth ; yeye boihon 粘泥mud ; handu boihon 胶泥，粘土clay, kaolin
boihon usiha = n. 土星Saturn, the sixth planet form the sun
boihon yaha = n. 煤，煤炭coal
bolembi = v. 驳，驳斥，拒斥to refute, to rebute (Chin. bo)
bolgo = a. 清洁的；清廉的clean ; bolgo dasan 廉政clean government administration
boli = n. 玻璃glass (Chin. boli)
bolimo = n. 玉米corn
boljon = n. 浪，波浪wave
bolori = n. 秋，秋天autumn, fall
bolosu = n. 玻璃glass, glassy material (= boli)
bongog = a. 头一个the very first
bono = n. 雹hail
bonombi = vi. 下雹子(weather) to hail
boo = n. 家home, house ; boo hūwa 家庭family
boo boigon = n. 家庭family
boo gašan = n. 家乡，故乡hometown
boobei = n. 宝贝，珍宝treasure; treasury (Chin. baobei)
booha = n. 菜，菜肴dish ; booha be jeki 请吃菜！help yourslef with the dishes!
booi = a. 家的，家庭的，居家的of or regarding to a family; day-to-day ; booi durugan 家谱，家史family lineage
booi aha = n. 家奴，包衣奴才serf, servant; vassal
booi helmefin = n. 家庭影院home cinema (audio-video system)
booi ularangge = a. 家传的，祖传的family hereditory, heirloom
boolan = n. 报告report (Chin. bao)
booningge = a. 家的，家庭的 of or belonging to a family ; meni booningge 我们家的ours, our family's
boso = n. 山的阴面un-sunlit and colder side of a mountian
buda = n. 饭 meal, lunch, dinner ; inenggi dulin i buda 午饭lunch
buhe dasan = n. 政治 politics
buhe dasani = a. 政治的 political ; buhe dasan boolan 政治报告political report (given to a congress)
bujan moo = n. 树林子 woods, forest ; bujan moo i dorgide niohe bio? 树林里有狼吗？Is there any wolf in the woods?
buktan = n. 土堆 mound, pile of soil
buleku bithe = n. 词典 dictionary
bulukan = a. 温暖的 warm; passionate
bumen = n. 部门department, sector (Chin. bumen)
bunai = num. 亿hundred million
buraki = n. 尘，尘埃dust
buribumbi = vt. 淹没to submerge, to flood
busu busu agambi = vi. 细雨朦朦to drizzle, to mizzle
buya = a. 小的，普通的，平凡的 ; buya niyalma 平民，普通人ordinary person (people), obscure figure
buyecuke = a. 可爱的lovely ; buyecuke banjin 可爱的生活lovely (happy) life
buyenin = n. 爱，爱情love, passion ; buyenin ucun 情歌love song ; jingkin buyenin 真正的爱true love
buyenin buyen = n. 情欲，性欲 (sexual) desire
buyere niyalma = n. 爱人，心上人one's love, lover ; sini buyere niyalma你的心上人your love
cai = n. 茶，茶叶；茶水tea (Chin. cha) ; cai acabufi benju! 来碗茶！A cup (bowl) of tea, please.
cala = ad. 那边，那里there (= cargi)
calabun = c. 差别，区别difference
cananggi = n. 前天day before yesterday
cara aniya = n. 前年year before last year
cargi = ad. 那边there, over there ; cargi de 在那边 over there
cargi aniya = n. 后年year after next year
ce = pron. 他们they
ceceršeme hajilambi = vi. 做爱，交合to make love, to have sex
ceni = a. 自己的one's own ; ceni se自己的年龄one's own age
ci = conj. 从；比from; since; than; by ; (emu) enenggi ci (emu) inenggi 一天比一天 day by day
ci fusihūn = ad. 以下，不足，不到less than ; juwan se ci fusihūn 十岁以下less than ten years old
Cicigar = geo.n. 齐齐哈尔Qiqihar or Cicigar, a city in the Heilongjiang province, China.
ciha = n. 意愿，意志will
cihalambi = v. 愿意，喜欢to want, to be fond of, to like; to be willing
cihalan = n. 欲，欲望desire ; buyen cihalan 爱欲，情欲desire
cihanggai = ad. 自愿地voluntarily, willingly ; cihanggai alibumbi 自愿献出to voluntarily contribute sth.
cik = n. 句子sentence
cikten = n. 天干the heavenly trunks (in Chinese traditional philosophy)
cilcika = a. 涨潮的fluxing; floodtime
cimaha = n. 明天早晨tomorrow morning
cimari = n. 明天tomorrow ; cimari erde 明天早晨tomorrow morning
cimarilame = ad. 一大早，大清早early in the morning
cin wang = n. 亲王prince, royal highness (Chin. qinwang)
cioi-ioi = n. 区域region (Chin. quyu)
ciyunjung = n. 群众people, general public, mass (Chin. qunzhong)
coco = n. 阴茎，鸡巴penis (male sex organ), cock
cohotoi = a. 特别的，专有的，专用的special, exclusive ; cohotoi deyetun 专机special jetliner (e.g. Air Force 1)
coko = n. 鸡chicken
colhon = n. 岳，山岳high mountain
colkon = n. 大浪，波涛big waves, billows
cooha = n. 军，军队troops, corps, army ; fulgiyan cooha 红军Red Army ; cooha irgen 军民military and civilians
coro = n. 后天the day after tomorrow
cubanlembi = v. 出版to publish (Chin. chuban)
cun cun i = ad. 渐次bit by bit, progressively
Cun-cio erin = n. 春秋时代the Spring and Autumn period
cunggūšambi = v. 撞击，碰撞to collide with, to bump into
cuwan = n. 船ship (Chin. chuan)
da = n. 根，株，棵；根本a plant (of tree or crop); root ; julgei moo emu da bi有一株古树there is an old tree
dabagan = n. 山岭mountain peaks
dabala = a. 最多也就是，大不了nothing more than, merely ; ser sere gūnin be iletulere dabala 只是略表心意罢merely a small gift (lit. merely an expression of my heart)
dabali = ad. 太，过分too, excessively
dabsun = n. 盐，食盐salt ; dabsun tucire ba 产盐地 salt producing area
dahali hethe = n. 副业sideline production
Daicing gurun = n. 大清（帝国）the Ching dynasty of China (1644-1911)
daifu = n. 大夫，医生doctor, physician (Chin. daifu)
dain i haha = n. 战士soldier
dalan = n. 河堤enbankment, dyke
dalangga = n. 大坝dam
dalba = n. 旁边side
dalbade = ad. 在旁边around sth. ; ini dalbade 在它的旁边around it
dalin = n. 河岸bank (of a river)
dalirame = ad. 沿着河岸along the river bank
dambaku = n. 香烟，烟tobacco, cigarettes (E. tobacco) ; dambaku omimbi抽烟，吸烟to smoke (cigarette)
damu = conj. 但，但是but, yet
danara = n. 分配distribution, alloting
dang i kooli = n. 党纲charter or organizing principles of the party
dang i suduri = n. 党史，党的历史 party history, history of the party
dangse = n. 档案records, account, file, document (Chin. dangan, dangzi)
dang-wei = n. 党委party committee
dartai = ad. 暂时at the moment, temporarily
daruhai = ad. 经常，通常often, frequently
daruhai sabure = a. 常见的common, frequently occurring
dasan = n. 政府government
dasan dang = n. 政党；执政党political party; ruling party, the party in power
dasan yamun = n. 政府government, council ; siyan ~ 县政府county government (council)
dasatambi = v. 修改，修补，修理to revise, to modify, to repair
dasatame = n. 修理maintenance, mending or fixing sth.
dasatame halaha = n. 修改revision and modification
dashalan = n. 革命revolution, uprising ; dashalan aššan 革命运动revolutionary movement
dashalangga = a. 革命的revolutionary
dashūwan gala = n. （军队和政治中的）左翼the left wing
datengge = a. 基本的，草根的basic; grassroot ; datengge tangkan 基层，草根阶层grassroot level
debtelin = n. 本，书卷volume (or a book)
dedure bade = n. 住的地方a place to stay (overnight), lodging
dekdembi = vi. 漂浮to floot
dekdeni gisun = n. 谚语，名言proverb
dele = n. 上，上部，上方upper portion of sth.upper surface, top (of a table, box, etc.) ; deretui dele桌面上on the table
den = a. 高的high, tall ; den alin 高山 high mountains
den i wesihun = a. 最高的，最崇高的highest, loftiest; supreme
den jergi = a. 高等的higher, advanced ; den jergi tacikū 高等学校institutions for advanced (i.e. post-secondary) education (a generic term for universities, colleges and institutes)
den jergi dulimbai tacikū = n. 高中high school
den tangkani = a. 高级的，高等的advanced, high-level
den tukiyembi = v. 提高to increase, to elevate, to promote, to improve ; fetesu be den tukiyembi 提高质量to improve quality
deo = n. 弟弟younger brother
der seme = ad. 纷纷one after another, in crowds
dere1 = n. 方，方位；脸any on of the four directions (i.e. east, west, south, north), orientation; face
dere2= n. 桌子table, desk
deretu = n. 桌子table, desk ; deretui dele 桌子上 on the table/desk
dergi babe ambarame neilere = 西部大开发grand development of the West
dergi ergi tiyan ran ci be wasi gamara weilen = 西气东输工程
dergi1 = n. 上面upper surface
dergi2 = n. 东，东方 east ; šun dekdere ergi be dergi sembi 太阳升起的是东方The direction where the sun rises is the east.
deri = ad. 还要，比than, more
deri = p. 从，自；向from ; Sardin deri tacimbi 向萨尔丁学习to learn from Sardin
deri … ci = 从…到… from … to ; A deri B ci 从A到B（时间，地点，概念） from A to B
deri deribume = ad. 自…起，从…开始starting from, from …on
deri wesihun = post. 以上above, greater than ; 60 se deri wesihun sengge 六十岁以上老人seniors 60 years and older
deribumbi = v. 开始to start, to begin
deribun = n. 开始beginning, start, onset
deyembi = vi. 飞 to fly ; deyeme muterakū oho 不能飞了can't fly (any more)
deyetun = n. 飞机aircraft, airplane
diyan-hūwa = n. 电话telephone (Chin. dianhua)
diyan-hūwa yuwan = n. 电话员，接线员receptionist, telephonist
dobi = n. 狐狸fox
dobon dulin = n. 半夜midnight (= dobori dulin)
dobonio = ad. 整夜overnight
dobori = n. 夜，夜晚night, night-time, darkness ; dobori indembi 过夜to stay overnight
dobori dulin = n. 午夜，半夜midnight
dogome dulere = n. 过渡transition ; dogome dulere jalarin 过渡时期transition period
dolo1 = n. 里面inside ; booi dolo 屋子里面 inside the house
dolo2 = n. 心 heart
donjimbi = v. 听 to listen
doobumbi = vt. 渡，使渡过to ferry people, to get sb. through (Chin. du)
doombi = vi. 渡河，渡过to ferry across, to cross over (Chin. du)
dooran = n. 处女地virgin land, uncultivated land
dorgi = n. 内部inside, inner part ; dang ni dorgi dasan banjin 党内生活the Party's inner life ; dorgi albasi guse jafambi 内部职工持股 internal securities option
dorgi ubu = n. 内部internal
dorgide = n. 狼wolf
doro = n. 道德morality
doro erdemu = n. 道德morality
dosibun = n. 收入income ; genšeme sargašara dosibun 旅游收入tourist income
dosiki = v. imp. 请进！come on in!
dosimbi = v. 进入to enter, to get in
duibulen = n. 例子，例证example ; umesi sain duibulen 很好的例子a good example
duici de = 第四点fourthly
duilebuhe šolokon = a. 双语的，双解的 (dictionaries, etc.) bilingual ; Inggiri-Nikan i duilebuhe šolokon buleku bithe 英汉双解词典English-Chinese bilingual dictionary
duka = n. 门door ; dukai julergi 门前in front of the door ; tiyan an men duka 天安门Tian'anmen, or the Gate of Heavenly Peace
duksembi = vi. 变红，羞红to turn red, to blush ; cira duksembi 脸羞红to blush
duleke aniya = n. 去年last year ; duleke aniyai 去年的of last year, as of last year
dulembun = n. 经验，经历experience ; weileran dulembun 工作经验 working experience ; tacibure dulembun 教学经验 teaching experience
duleme = ad. 过，过了；超过past; after; over, beyond ; ududu inenggi duleme 几天以后after a few days
dulenun = n. 记录，记述account, record ; banjinaha dulenun 创始纪genesis, creation myth
dulergi holbobun jurgan = n. 外交部Foreign Ministry
dulga = num. 一半，半数half (See hontoho)
dulimba = n. 中，中部middle, inner part
dulimba tacikū = n. 中学secondary school, middle school
Dulimbai Gurun = n. 中国，华夏the Middle Kingdom (i.e. China)
dunggu = n. 洞，洞穴cave
duranggi = a. 浑浊的muddy, turbid; emulsive
durbejengge miyeter = n. 平方米square meter
durimbi = v. 获得，得到to get, to obtain, to achieve
dursun durun = n. 体制system, regime ; jingji dursun durun 经济体制economic system
durugangga = a. 示范的demonstrative
durun = n. 式样，制式style, type, format ; ai duruni etuku 什么式样的衣服what style of clothes
durun kemun = n. 制度，体制institution, regime
e = n. 阴yin, nagetive ; a e 阴阳yang and yin
ebele = ad. 这边，这里here (= ebergi)
ebergi = n. 这边here, this side
ebišembi = v. 洗澡，洗浴 to take bath, to bathe ; omo de ebišembi 在池中洗浴to bathe in the pond
ebsi = post. 以来since, from
ecike = n. 叔叔ancle (father's younger brother, or a man who is slightly younger than one's father)
edumbi = vi. 刮风 (wind) to blow
edun = n. 风wind ; hūwaliyasun edun 和风gentle breeze ; ayan edun 大风blast wind ; sikse edun dahangge umesi amba. 昨天风刮得很大。It was very windy yesterday.
edun dambi = vi. 刮风 (wind) to blow
efimbi = v. 表演 to play, to perform, to show
efinjimbi = vi. 来玩to come to play, to enjoy one's time ; aniya dari ubade efinjimbi 每年来玩come here to play every year
eici = pron. 有的，有些some, some of
eigen = n. 丈夫husband ; eigen oho hehe 有夫之妇married woman, woman who has a husband
eigen gaimbi = vi. （女子）出嫁 (woman) to marry sb.
eigen sargan = n. 夫妻husband and wife, couple
eihen = n. 骡子mule
eiten = a. 所有的all
eiten de = ad. 几乎almost, nearly; hardly
ejebun = n. 记录，记载；传记account, record; life, biography
ejehen = n. 注释annotation, note
ejen = n. 主lord; Lord ; abkai hese be alifi tumen gurun be uheri kadalahangge be ejen seme tukiyembi. 奉天命统辖万国者尊为主。The one who governs all the nations with God's will is honoured as the Lord.
ejesi = n. 记者jiurnalist, reporters ; ejesisa be kundulere isan 记者招待会press conference
ejesisa be kundulere isan = n. 记者招待会press conference
ejesu = n. 记忆，记性memory
ejeten juyi = n. 帝国主义 imperialism
ejetengge = a. 主权的，至尊的sovereign
ejetengge toose = n. 主权national sovereighty
ejetulembi = v. 纪念，怀念to mourn, to recall (sb's heroic deeds)
ekšembi = vi. 忙，忙着to be busy, to be engaged (in work, activities, etc.)
ekšerembi = vi. 忙；急于；担心to be busy; to hurry; to worry about sth. ; ekšerakū 不急，别忙no hurry ; ume skšere 不要着急，别担心don't worry
elden = n. 光，光明light
eldengge inenggi = n. 圣诞节Christmas
eldese = n. 光子photon ( = guwangse)
eldešembi = vt. 照亮to light ; musei mujilen be eldešembi 把我们的心照亮to light our hearts
ele elei = ad. 更加，越加all the more ; bi suwenbe aliyahai ele elei amu šaburahabi 我等你们等得越加困了Waiting for you, I've got more and more sleepy
ele…ele = ad. 越来越more and more, all the more, be increasingly (+ a.) ; ele tuwaci ele saikan 越看越美becoming more and more beautiful when one looks at it ; ele yabume ele越来越，更加more and more, all the more
elei = a. 更加more ; musei cimari elei saikan我们的明天会更好our future will be better
elekei = ad. 几乎，连…也almost, practically ; tese eniyengge gisun I ceni se be elekei gisureme muterakū. 他们连自己的年龄都不会用母语说出。They can't even spell out their own ages in their mother tongue.
elgiyan aniya = n. 丰年year of bumper harvest
elgiyen = a. 丰富的，丰产的rich, bumper (harvest) ; elgiyen bargiyaha 丰收bumper harvest
elhe nelhe = n. 耐心patience ; elhe nelhe i 耐心地patiently, with great patience
Elhe Taifin = n. 康熙（平安之意）Kangxi (meaning peace) reign (r. 1662-1722) ; Elhe Taifin hergen kooli bithe康熙字典Kangxi Dictionary
elhengge = a. 健康的healthy, strong, fit
eli eiten = a. 几乎每个almost every
eljembi = v. 反对，抗议to object, to be against; to resist ; suitara be eljembi 反对浪费to resist extravagance ; lashatai eljembi 坚决反对to reject with resolution
eljendumbi = v. 反对to be against, to object
emde = ad. 一次，一下once, one time
eme = n. 母亲mother
ememu = a. 某些some (pl.) ; ememu bithe 有的书some books
emgeri = ad. 已经already, have been ; bi emgeri simbe emu erinaliyaha bihe. 我已经等你一小时了. I've been expecting you for an hour.
emgi = post. 和，与，同with, together with ; we i emgi 跟谁一起 along with whom, in whose accompany?
emgi tacire niyalma = n. 同学，同窗fellow student, (usually) classmate
emgi tembi = vi. 同居to live together, to cohabit
emhe = n. 岳母mother-in-law
emhulen = n. 垄断monopoly
emke ekiyeci ojorakū = 缺一不可indispensible, will not do without any of them
emke emkeni = ad. 逐一地，一个接一个地one by one
emteli = a. 一个，唯一的only one, single; sole ; emteli ba 只有一个位置(地方) only one position
emu = num. 一，一个a, one
emu andande = conj. 万一，一旦in case (of), if by chance
emu angga i = a. 一口的lit. a mouthful (of sth., e.g. a language) ; emu angga i manju gisun 一口的满语fluent Manchu
emu dursungge = n. 一体化integration, globalization
emu hūfan = n. 合伙人partner
emuhun = ad. 独自，一个人alone, by oneself
encehen = n. 本事，能力power, prowess, capability
encu = a. 异的，他人的foreign, alien ; encu gašan 异乡foreign land ; encu gurun 异国foreign country
endebufi wambi = v. 误杀to kill by mistake, to manslaughter
endebume = ad. 错误地，由于失误by mistake
enduri = n. 神god ; abkai enduri 天神god
endurin gas'ha = n. 天鹅swan
endurin sargan jui = n. 神女，玉女，女神godess, godess-maiden
enduringge = a. 神圣的，不朽的holy, immortal, enduring
enenggi = n. ad. 今日，今天today
enetkek gisun = n. 梵语Sanskrit language
eniye = a. 妈妈，母亲mother, mom
eniyengge gisun = n. 母语mother tongue
enteke = ad. 这样，也so; also
erde = n. 早晨morning // a. 早的early, soon
erdeken = a. 早的，早一点的early (in the day, month, etc.), earlier; previous
erdelehe = ad. 早了be too early
erdemungge = a. 有才德的learned and virtuous ; haha erdemungge hehe hocikon 郎才女貌perfect match of a learned gentleman and a beautiful lady ; erdemungge saisa/gege 才子/才女 learned young gentlemen/lady
ere = p. 这，这个this
ere cimari = n. 今天早晨this morning
ere dade = ad. 此外in addition, besides
ere oci = 这是… This is …
ere ucuri = ad. 最近recently, these days
ereci = ad. 由此，因此thereby
ereci amasi = ad. 今后from now on
erei adali = ad. 如此so, such ; erei adali labdu 如此众多的，这么多的 so many, so much
erei dorgi = n. 其中among these, in which
erei jalin = conj. 为此，因此for this erason, therefore
erembi = v. 希望hope ; bi sini aisilara be ~ 我想请你帮忙I'd like to ask for your help
erembi = v. 揭树皮to peel a tree
ergengge = n. a. 生灵，有生命的living, creature ; ergengge jaka 生灵living being
ergere šolo = n. 休假 vacation, holidays
ergi = n. 边，边缘；这里，这边side, edge; here, this place
ergii = pron. 关于on, about, regarding ; dang i kooli be dasatame halaha ergii boolan 关于修改党章的报告report on revising the party rules
erguwen = n. 纪元age, era ; erguwen aniya 本命年year of one's own symbol or virtue
eriku usiha = n. 彗星comet
erin kemu = n. 时间time, time of the day
ertele = ad. 至今to date, so far
erun baitai habšan duilen i fafun = n. 刑事诉讼法criminal case law
erun fafun = n. 刑法criminal law
ese = pron. 这些 these
ešen fiyan = n. 斜面bevel, inclining surface
et uthai = ad. 现在就right now, rightaway ; Bi te uthai yabumbi. 我现在就走。I'm going right now.
eteggileme latumbi = vt. 强奸to rape
etehen = n. 胜利victory ; eteheni kiru 旌旗，胜利的旗帜victory banner
etuku = n. 衣裳；羽毛clothes, clothing; (bird's) feather
etumbi = vt. 穿，穿上to put on, to wear
eyembi = vi. 流动to flow
eyen = n. 流flow, stream
eyen i demun = n. 水性，淫荡carnality, voluptuousness
eyer hayar = a. 潇洒的，洒脱的 (of a person) free and easy, smart
eyere usiha = n. 流星comet, asteroids
eyerjeme saikan = a. 美艳，明丽 (of woman) fair, beautiful and lovely
eyun = n. 姐姐elder sister
fa = n. 窗子window
fafaha = n. 樱桃cherry (= fafuha)
fafun = n. 法，律法，法律；定律law, statute law (Chin. fa)
fafun be dahame = ad. 依法by law, in compliance with law
fafun tinggin = n. 法庭court of law (Cg. fating)
fafuri = n. 辛劳，勤奋diligence ; fafuri i weliere 勤奋工作working with diligence, working hard
faidan = n. 队列，队procession, queue
faidan faidambi = vi. 排队to line up (in a queue)
faijuma = a. 异常，奇怪unusual, strange, peculiar
faitan = n. 眉毛eyebrow
faitara baita = n. 手术surgery, surgical operation
fajambi = vi. 解大便to relieve nature, to defecate
fajan = n. 粪，大便shit, excrement ; yendahūn fajan 狗屎dogshit, bullshit
faksalame hokombi = vi. 离婚to divorce
faksi = n. 技术；方法，法式skill, craftsmanship; method, way of doing sth. (Chin. fashi) ; usirtai faksi 务农技术agricultural skills
faksirdemu = n. 技术technology ; faksirdemui dashalan 技术革命technological revolution
fakūri = n. 裤子pants, trousers
falan = n. 院hall, room ; gise hehe i falan 妓院brothel
fali = n. 位person ; juwe fali eyun 两位姐姐two sisters
falicun = n. 团结solidarity, consolidation
fangkela = a. 低，少于less; lower
fayabumbi = vt. 花费，用to use, to spend
fayabure = n. 消费；a. 消费的(of or related to) consumers
fayabure gūnigan = n. 消费心理consumer attitude, comsumer psycology
fe = a. 旧的old ; fe Manju gisun 旧满语Old Manchu language ; fe gucu 老朋友old friend
fe gisun = n. 成语idiom, phrase
fe yamji = n. 除夕New Year's eve
fefe = n. 小穴，女子性器官vagina (female sex organ), pussy
fehe gisun = n. 废话nonsense
fejergi = n. 底下bottom, underneath
fejergi beye = n. 下半身private parts, lower portion of the body
fejun = a. 下贱的，卑劣的abject, indecent, low and mean
feme gusurembi = vi. 说废话to talk nonsense
femen = n. 嘴唇lip
ferguwen = n. 灵魂；心灵soul ; mujilen ferguwen 心灵
fetembi = v. 挖，掘to dig
feten = n. 行星；元素planet ; sunja ~ 五行the five planets (Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars and Saturn); the five elements (metal, wood, water, fire, and earth)
fetesu = n. 素质，质量，质地quality
fetesu be akdulara bilgan = n. 保值期warranty, warranty period
fetesu tacibun hūwašabun = n. 素质教育education for balanced development of personality, knowledge and skills
filtahūn = n. 空地empty land, undeveloped land
firumbi = v. 咒骂to curse
fisin = a. 稠密的，密的dense, solid
fiyan = n. 颜色，光色；容貌colour, light; appearance, look
fiyen = n. 粉，粉末powder ; fiyen fi 粉笔chalk (for classrom use)
fiyotombi = vi. 放屁to break wind
focihi i nomulaha = ad.佛说，佛亲口宣谕Buddha says (instructs)
fodoho = n. 柳树willow
foholon = a. 短的short
foholon julen = n. 小说story, novel
fonjin = n. 问题question; problem, issue
fonjin ojorakū = 没问题no problem (an immediate offer of help)
forgon1 = n. 季，季节season ; duin forgon 四季 four seasons (of a year)
forgon2 = n. 朝代，天命dynasty, mandate
forobun = n. 愿望，心愿wish
fosombi = vi. 照耀to shine ; sain usiha den i fosombi 吉星高照May fair stars shine above thee.
foson = n. 日光daylight, sunlight
fu'ulembi = v. 服务to serve, to be at sb's service (Chin. fuwu) ; niyalmairgen jalin fu'ulambi 为人民服务Serve the people
fucihi = n. 佛Buddha
fudz hendume = ad. 子曰Confucius says
fuhašame tuwambi = v. 翻阅，浏览to browse, to read
fujuri saikan = a. 美丽的，美好的beautiful
fujurura = n. 访问visit ; weileran ~ 工作访问working visit
fuka = (1607) n. 圈，圆圈circle, small ringlet ; tongki fuka sindaha hergen 带圈点文字script with dots and circles
fuka = n. 圈，圆圈circle, ringlet
fukjin = n. 开头，初beginning, commencement ; fukjin jise 初稿first draft ; fukjin fon 初期early stage, early years
fulahūn = n. 赤地，不毛之地dry and barren land, wasteland
fulehe = n. 根；基础，根本root; foundation, base
fulehengge ba = n. 基地base ; untuhun coohai fulehengge ba 空军基地airbase
fulehun = n. 恩典，恩惠grace
fulgian = a. 红的，红色的red, scarlet
fulgian boco = n. 红色red color
fulu = a. 优越的，卓越的superior, excellent
fulu ba = n. 优点advantage, merit
fulushūn = n. 好处，优点，优越性advantage; superiority
fun = n. 分minute, i.e. 60 seconds (Chin. fen)
funcembi = v. 多出，出头to exceed, to be more than ; dehi se funcembi 四十多岁了 (sb. is) in ones forties
funcembi = v. 有余，还多to exceed, to be more than ; juwan da funcere jabjan 十余尺之蟒a python more than ten feet long
fundelembi = vt. 代表to represent, to speak on behalf of ; dasan yamun be fundelefi gisun gisurehebi 代表政府发了言spoke on behalf of the givernment
fundelen = n. 代表representation; deputy; lawmakers
fundesi = n. 代表deputy. Cf. fundelen ; fundesisa 代表们deputies
funiyehe = n. 毛hair
furdan de boolarangge = n. 报关
furgin = n. 潮，潮汐，潮水tide
furgon = n. 季节season ; duin furgon 四季the four seasons
fusa = n. 菩萨buddhisattva
fuwen = n. 分，分钟minute
g'ambu = n. 干部cadre, officials
g'an = n. 钢steel
g'angg'a = n. 恒河gaÃgā, the Ganga river
g'omin jingji = n. 国民经济national economy
gabsihiyan = n. 先锋vanguard, avanguard; quick and clever ; asihan gabsihiyan meyen 少年先锋队，少先队（员）Young Pioneers
gaha = n. 乌鸦crow
gaitai = ad. 突然suddenly, all of a sudden ; gaitai gehun selaha 豁然开朗suddenly cleared (or spiritually enlightened)
gala buribumbi = v. 过户to hand over
galai jungken = n. 表，手表watch, hand watch
galaka = a. （天气）晴朗的 ; galaka inenggi 晴天 a clear, sunny day
gargan = n. 地支the earthly branch
gasha = n. 鸟bird
gatha = n. 偈颂song (San. gita)
gebsun = n. 名词noun
gebu arara toose = n. 署名权right of authorship
gebu bithe = n. 名片，名帖name card, business card
gebu hergen = n. 名誉，声誉reputation
gebu hergen toose = n. 名誉权right of reputation
gebungge = a. 有名的，著名的famous, popular ; gebungge niyalma 名人celebrity, famous person
gecembi = n. 下霜to frost ; gecen gecembi 下霜to foast
gecembi = v. 冰冻to freeze
gecen = n. 霜frost
gefehe = n. 蝴蝶butterfly
gehešembi = vi. 点头to nod (in approval)
gehun gahūn = a. 晴朗clear and sunny
gelecuke = a. 可怕的scary, terrible ; akjan i jilgan yargiyan i gelecuke 雷声真可怕the thunder is really scary
geleku = n. 恐怖terror
gelhun akū = 不怕，敢于to be not fear, to dare
geli = ad. 还有，还要moreover; still more
geli muterakū = 也不可能cannot either, be impossible either
gemu = a. 全部，都all, in every case
gemun = n. 都城，首都 capital city
gen = n. 脖子，颈neck
geneki = v. imp. 去吧go ; idu dosime geneki 上班去吧It's time (for you) to go to work.
genggiyen = a. 清的，透明的 (of water, sky, any fluid or crystal) clear and transparent
genšeme sargašara = 旅游tourism, travel ; genšeme sargašara ba 旅游区，观光区tourist area, tourist attractions
genšere antaha = n. 游客，旅客tourist
genterebumbi = v. 根除to eliminate, to eradicate
gereke = a. 天亮了it is day break
gerembumbi = vi. 达旦，熬个通宵to stay awake overnight, to work or play overnight
geren = a. 各，各个each, individual; different ; geren uksurai 各族的of or from different ethnic groups
geren hacin = a. 各种的various, all kinds of
gerenusu = n. 社会society, community ; gerenusu be elhenebume uherileme dasarangge 社会治安综合治理comprehensive reinforcement of law and order
gerenusui = a. 社会的social
geretele = ad. 通宵overnight
gerhen mukiyeme = a. 天已黄昏it is dusk
gersi fersi = a. 天已黎明，刚刚破晓it just dawned
gežen juyi = n. 个人主义indivifualism, egoism
gidara hūsun = n. 压力pressure
gindan = n. 监狱prison ; na i gindana 地狱hell, netherworld
gingkambi = v. 闷，憋，禁锢to hold back, to supress
Ginjeo = geogr. 锦州 Jinzhou, a strategic military stronghold in the Liaoning province, China. ; Ginjeo hoton 锦州市，锦州城Jinzhou city
Gioi Yung Guwan = geogr. 居庸关 the Juyongguan (stronghold) ; Gioi Yung Guwan duka 居庸关the Juyongguan stronghold
girin ba = n. 社区，城市小区community, neighborhood
girin bai albašan = n. 社区服务community services
girucuke = a. 可耻的shameful
girucun = n. 耻辱shame
gise hehe = n. 妓女prostitute, whore (Chin. ji)
gisun hergen = n. 语文language and texts ; manju gisun hergen 满族语文 Manchu language and texts
gisun i gilgan = 语音pronunciation
gisun leolen = n. 言论speech
gisun selgiyesi = n. 发言人spokesman, spokeswoman ; dulergi holbobun jurgan gisun selgiyesi 外交部发言人Foreign Ministry spokesman
gisurem tucinjirembi = v. 发音，说出to pronounce, to speak loud out
gisurembi = v. 说 to speak, to say
gisurembi = vi. 说话，发言to speak, to say, to talk, to make a speech ; gisure gisurembi 发言make a speech
gisurere boo = n. 聊天室chat room
giyamun = n. 站，车站 (railway or bus) station, terminal (Chin. zhan) ; tuwai sejen giyamun 火车站 railway station
giyan = n. 原理principle ; lo-siowan i giyan 螺旋原理the principle of the screw
giyangnambi = vi. 讲；演讲，演说to tell (s story); to make a speech, to address (a conference, etc.)
gobi = n. 戈壁，瀚海barren and rocky land, wasteland, desert
gobi = n. 戈壁gobi
gohon = n. 钩子hook
goidahakū = ad. 不久，不一会儿soon, before long
goidame = ad. 长久，长时间for a long time, long ; jaci goidame 很久for a long time
golmin = a. 长的long, lengthy
Golmin Dailaha = n. 长征the Long March
Golmin Hecen = 长城the Great Wall
gonimbi = v. 想，想念，思念 to miss sb.
goro = a. 远的 far, far away ; ubaci goro akū 离这里不远not far from here ; goro mafa 远祖forefather, ancester
goro dailara = n. 远征expedition ; fulgiyan cooha goro dailara ci gelerkū. 红军不怕远征难The Red Army men brave all hardships in their long expedition.
goro sarašan = n. 远游，远足excursion, journey
goro yasai buleku = n. 望远镜telescope
goroki = ad. 近；n. 近处near, nearby
gorongge = n. 远的those (things or people) far away
gosin = n. 仁，仁慈benevolence, compassion, mercy
gosingga = a. 仁慈的merciful, loving
gosire gūnin = n. 爱心love, compassion, loving heart
gu wehe = n. 朴玉，璞玉raw semi-precious stone (e.g. jade), un-polished precious stone
gubci abkai fejergi = a. 天下的，普天之下的all under the heaven ; gubci abkai fejergi niyalma 天下人
gubci derei = a. 全面的all-inclusive, comprehensive
gubci gurun i = a. 全国的national, of the whole nation
gubci irgen = n. 全民，全体民众whole nation
gubci irgen beyebe urebure aššan = 全民健身运动National Wellness Program, NWP activities
gubci mumuhu = n. 全球，全世界，世界world, globe
gubci mumuhui = a. 全球的global, world ; gubci mumuhui jingji emu dursungge 全球经济一体化economic globalization
gucu = n. 朋友 friend ; gucuse 朋友们friends
guidahai = ad. 日久，日子一久as time passes
guilembi = vt. 邀请，约，召to invite, to call on
gukdu gakdu = a. 崎岖不平的 (of road or land) bumpy and rocky, mountainous
gukubumbi = vt. 消灭to destroy, to annihilate
gukubun = n. 消灭destruction
gukumbi = vi. 灭亡to perish, to die
gūla = a. 原本的，原来的original, real
gūldun = n. 洞cave, hole
gūldun boo = n. 洞房wedding chamber
gūldun jugūn = n. 隧道tunnel, underground pass
gūlmahūn = n. 兔子hare, rabbit
gulu = a. 纯的，正的，素的pure
gulu lamun gūsa = n. 正蓝旗Pure-Blue Bannar
gumara = n. 童子boy (San. kumara)
gung = n. 功劳merit (Chin. gung)
gung gebu = n. 功名fame, accomplishments
gungcan dang = n. 共产党 communist party (Chin. gongchan dang)
gungcan juyi = n. 共产主义 communism (Chin. gongchan-zhuyi)
gung-can-juyingge = a. 共产主义的communist ; Gung-can-juyingge doro erdemu 共产主义道德communist morality
gungge = n. 功劳merit (= gung)
gungge hūsun = n. 功夫，功力，功底 accomplishlemt, mastery of sth. ; manju gisun i gungge hūsun 满语功底good mastery of the Manchu language
gungheg'o = n. 共和国 republic (Chin. gongheguo)
gungjilembi = v. 供给，供应to supply (Chin. gongji)
gungju = n. 公主princess (Chin. gongzhu)
gūngkambi = vi. 闷热to be hot and humid
gungli = n. 公里kilometer (Chin. gongli)
gūnigan = n. 心理mental attitude, mentality; psycology
gūnimbi = v. 想think ; tere gūnime他想he thinks that…
gunjilere = n. supply ; gunjilere siyoolara 供销supplies and sales
guribumbi = v. 移植，移栽to transplant
gurun = n. 国，国家country, state ; gurun kiru国旗 national flag ; gurun bekdun 国债state debt
gurun bekdun jiha maktara hacin = 国债投资项目state-debt invested project
gurun boo = n. 国家state ; gurun boo jusi 国家主席president (e.g. of China)
gurun dorgi = a. 国内的domestic ; gurun dorgi fafun 国内法domestic law
gurun irgen = n. 国民nation, national ; gurun irgen jingji 国民经济national economy
gurun karmatara baturu = n. 卫国战士heroic defender of the country
gurunboo i toodara fafun = n. 国家赔偿法state compensation law
gurung = n. 宫，宫殿palace, hall
guse = 股，股份，股票 stock share (Chin. gu)
guse be jafaha weilen hethe = 控股工业 controlled-stock industries
guse dosime gusebe jafatambi = 参股控股 stock investment and control
gūsin yamji = n. 除夕new year's eve
gūwa niyalma = n. 别人，他人other person (people)
gūwabsi = ad. 向别处 (go) elsewhere
guwang lan sirge = n. 光缆optical fibre
guwang-bo = n. 广播broadcast, radio broadcast
habshan = n. 诉讼，案件case, lawsuit
hacin = n. 种，品种；项kind, type; item
hacin = n. 类别，事项item, sort ; werišere hacin 注意事项things to be noted, notes
hacin = n. 项目project
hacin aname = ad. 逐项地item by item, one by one ; bi hacin aname suwede tacibume alaki我逐项说给你们听I will tell you one by one.
hacin hcain i = a. 各种各样的，各色的various, multiple, all kinds of ; hacin hacin i ilha 各种各样的花all kinds of flowers
hacin i dobori = n. 元宵夜Lantern Night Festival (Chinese traditional holiday on the 15-th of the lunar first month of the year)
hacingga = a. 各种各样的various, a variety of ; hacingga bithe be ambula tuwambi 博览群书to read voraciously and extensively
hadaha usiha = n. 北极星north star, polestar, polaris
hafan hali = n. 官员 (generic term) official
hafu doro = n. 大路，公路highway
haha hehe = n. 男女men and women
haha jui = n. 儿子，男孩son, boy
haha niyalma = n. 男子汉，大丈夫man, a man of masculinity
hahi = ad. 急，迅速 ; hahi nonggibumbi 剧增to increase rapidly, to increase drastically
haiha = n. 山腰hillside, mountainside
haiharame = ad. 沿着山腰along the mountainside
haihū = a. 柔软的soft and flexible
hailan = n. 树木tree
hailan bujan = n. 森林forest ; hialan bujan guribume tebumbi 植树造林
hairacun = a. 亲爱的，钟爱的 beloved ; hairacun mafagurun 亲爱的祖国 beloved motherland (lit. beloved land of forefathers)
hairambi = v. 珍爱，爱惜 to love, to cherish
haji aniya = n. 饥年year of famine
haji sain = a. 亲密的intimate
haji1 = a. 亲密的，亲近的intimate, dear ; haji gucu 密友intimate friend
hajilambi = vi. 相亲相爱；交欢，做爱to love each other; to have sex, to make love
hajilame acabumbi = vi. 做爱to make love
haksaha = a. 燃烧的，火红的burning ; haksaha tugi 火烧云，晚霞burning clouds, sunset glow
hala = n. 姓，姓氏surname, family name; clan ; Sini sefu hala ai? 你老师姓什么？What's your teacher's (family) name?
halambi = 改变，改动to change, to modify
halame aliyambi = vi. 忏悔，悔改to repent, to confess ones sins and repent
halame araha hergen = n. 转写transliteration, transcribed words
halan = n. 改变，改动changing, modification
halan yabubure = n. 改革reform
halangga = a. 姓的of a family name ; ajige guwan halangga 小关，姓关的年轻人 a young man surnamed Guan
halašambi = vi. 撒娇to play the woman, to act like a spoiled child
halhūn = a. 热的，炎热的warm, hot, torrid ; ambula halhūn 炎热的，酷热的torrid, scorching ; fiyakiyame halhūn 炎热的scorching ; halhūn de niyalma alime muterakū 热得让人受不了so hot that one can hardly stand
halhūn šeri = n. 温泉hot well, geyser, spa
halman = n. 肥皂soap
halukan = a. 暖和，温暖warm
hamika = a. 全部的，所有的all, entire
hamimbi = v. 将近，接近to approximate (in number or quantity)
hamu = n. 粪便，大便dejecta, shit
han = n. 皇帝，汗，国王emperor, khan, king
hanci = a. 近的；最近的near; recent ; hanci aniya deri ebsi 近年来in recent years
hanci nikenembi = v. 靠近，偎依to approach, to go or sit next to sb.
hanciki = a. 近的，邻近的recent days ; hanciki de 最近，近来recently
hancingga šunggiya = n. 《尔雅》Er Ya (an ancient Chinese dictionary)
handu = n. 水稻paddy, rice ; handu orho 稻草rice straw
handucun = n. 秧歌yangge (lit. song of farming rice, a popular dance and song in northern China)
hanggabumbi = vi. 亢旱，少雨to have little rainfall, to be dry
hangsi = n. 寒食节，清明节the Hanshi festival (memorial day, forefather's day)
haran = n. 原因reason, cause ; …i haran 因为because
haraname šunembi = vi. 荒芜(of lands) to deteriorate, to be desolate
harangga ba na = n. 版图，疆域territory
hargašan = n. 朝廷imperial court
hartungga = a. 有关的relevant ; hartungga bumen 有关部门administration in charge of a particular sector
hasa dosimbi = v. 冲进，冲入to rush in
hasaha = n. 剪刀 (pair of) scissors
hashū = n. 左left, left-hand side
Hašigar = geogr. 喀什噶尔Kashgar
hasutai doro = n. 旁门左道，邪教cult, occultism
hatan = a. （火）烈的 (of flames) blazing, raging ; hatan tuwa 烈火flames ; hatan tuwai dorgide 大火中in the flames
hayadambi = vi. 淫荡，行淫to be promiscuous, to be sexually immoral
hayan = a. 淫的，色情的licentious, erotic, porn ; hayan hehe 淫妇woman of easy virtue
hebdešembi = v. 讨论，商量to discuss, to consult
hebe arambi = v. 密谋to plot (a scheme) together
hebei latumbi = vi. 通奸to commit adultery
hebei wambi = vt. 谋杀to murder
hebengge = a. 好相处的，随和地，乐于接受他人意见的 (of person) easy-going
hecen = n. 城镇；城墙city, town; city wall ; hecen hoton 城市towns and cities ; cecen i kalka 城堡castle, fort
hedzoše = n. 合作社(agricultural) cooperative, coop farm (Chin. hezuoshe)
hedzošelere = n. 合作化 cooperativization
hefeli = n. 肚子，腹 belly, stomach
hefelinggū = n. 同胞compatriot, sibling ; hefelinggūsa 同胞们compatriots
hefeliyen = n. 怀抱arms, embrace
hehe baningge = n. 妇女woman, women ; hehe baningge falin 妇女联合会，妇联Women's Union
hehe i lang = n. 女郎girl, young lady
hehesisa = n. 妇女women
hehesisai = a. 妇女的of women, women's ; hehesisai banjirman 妇女保健 women's hygiene
hekcehe = a. 退潮的refluent, refluxing
helmefin = n. 影院，剧院sinema, theatre
helmen = n. 阴影shadow
henduhe balama = ph. 常言道it is said that…, there is a saying that…
hengke = n. 瓜melon ; hengke i use 瓜子melon seeds (a Chinese snack)
hengkin = n. 叩头kowtow
hergen = n.文，文字哈哈；词，单词script, writing system; texts; words ; tongki fuka akū hergen 无圈点文字 script without dots and circles ; tongki fuka sindaha hergen 带圈点文字 script without dots and circles ; untuhun hergen 虚词auxiliary words
hergen aname = ad. 逐字地word by word, literally
hergen i suhen = n. 《说文》Shuo Wen, or Origins of Chinese Writing by Xu Shen (58-147 AD)
hergimbi = vi. 游荡，闲逛to wander about
heristos = n. 基督Christ
hese = n. 旨意，圣旨will, decree ; abkai hesei forgon be aliha 奉天承运by the will of God and upholding his heavenly mandate
hesebun = n. 命运，天命destiny ; hesebun forgon 命运fate, destiny
hethe = n. 产，财产property
hethei toose = n. 产权proprietary rights
hethei toose durun kemun i hala = 产权制度改革 reform of proprietary rights system
hetheshere teisungge temgetu bithe = 从业资格证书 licence
hetu1 = a. 横的，平的level, horizontal
hetu2 = ad. 完全，全然，横竖completely, utterly
heturembi = vt. 拦截to intercept
heturi dasargan = n. 偏方remedy (for medical use)
hibcan = n. 缺乏，短缺lack, shortage
hibcaran = n. 节约saving, conservation ; jekui hibcaran 节约粮食save on food
hibsu = n. 蜂蜜honey
hican = a. 节省的，简朴的economical, frugal, sparing
hican getuken = a. 廉洁的 (of government officials) righteous and clean
hihalambi = vt. 稀罕to treasure (sth.), to value (sth.) (Chin. xihan)
hihan = a. 希罕的，珍稀的rare, precious (Chin. xihan)
hija = n. 炉子furnace, stove
Hinggan = n. 兴安岭the Hinggan Ridges (in Heilongjiang Prov.)
hirha = n. 火石，燧石flint
his'han = n. 污点blemish, small demerit
hise = n. [贬] 戏子actor, actress, comedian (Chin. xizi)
hishūn = a. 害羞的，怕生的shy, timid and silent
hitahūn = n. 指甲fingernail
hiya = n. 干旱drought
hiyoošun = n. 孝顺filial piety (Chin. xiaoshun)
hiyoošungga = a. 孝顺的loving one's parents, respectful and obedient to parents
hobo = n. 棺材coffin
hocikon = a. 秀美的，漂亮的pretty, attractive ; hocikon gege 美女，美人儿beautiful girl
hogi = n. 火鸡turkey
hohon = n. （盛酒的）大桶barrel, drum
hoise = n. 穆斯林，回民 muslin (Chin. obs. huizi)
hoise tacihiyan = n. 伊斯兰教，回教 Islamism
hojihon = n. 女婿son-in-law
hojo = a. 好看的，漂亮的pretty, good-looking
hojo na = 你好！Hello!
hokiran = n. 流行病 edidemic, plague ; duin ~ 四疫four plagues
holbobun = n. 关系；联络，外交relationship; liaison, communication ; dulergi holbobun 外交foreign affairs ; sain holbobun 友好关系 friendly relationship
holbon = n. 联合，联姻 union, marriage ; holbon baita婚姻marriage ; holbon baitai fafun 婚姻法marriage law ; holbun dorolon 婚礼wedding ceremony
holbon hairan = n. 婚姻marriage
holkonde = ad. 突然，忽然间all of a sudden, suddenly
holo gisun = n. 谣言，谎言lie; rumour
holo1 = n. 谷地，沟；陷阱valley, pitfall
holo2 = n. 陷阱，骗局；伪造deceit ; holo be seremšere temgetu 防伪标志 anti-counterfeit mark
holtombi = vt. 说谎；哄骗，欺骗to lie; to dupe, to deceive
hon = ad. 很，太too, very, most
honin = n. 羊sheep, goat
hono = ad. 尚，还still, yet
hontoho = n. 半，二分之一a half ; emu erin hontoho 一点半(speaking of time) one and a half, one thirty
hoošan = n. 纸paper ; hoošan sithen 纸盒子paper box ; hoošan afaha 纸张 piece of paper
horgikū ceku = n. 秋千swing
horonggo ambalinggū = a 伟大的great
hošo = n. 角落，隅corner, any one of the fours orientations (i.e. northeast, southeast, northwest, southwest)
hotoci = n. 椰子coconut
hoton = 城市city ; Beijing hoton 北京市 the City of Beijing
hoton jen = 城镇，市镇town
hūbilgan = n. 化身incarnation
hūcin = n. 井well, tap-well
hūda = n. 商品，货物goods, commodity ; hūda wesike 涨价，通胀 (price) going up, appreciation, inflation ; hūda wasika 降价，通缩cheapening, depreciation, deflation
hūda ba = n. 市场market ; hūda ba jingji 市场经济market economy
hūda maiman = n. 贸易，买卖trade
hūda toktosi = n. 经纪人dealter, broker
hūdai jaka = n. 商品goods, merchandise, commodity
hūdulambi = v. 加速，提速，加快to speed up, to accelerate, to hurry up
hūdun = a. 快的，迅速的，立即的fast, rapid; soon
hujurembi = vt. 磨，磨细to abrase, to grind
huksidembi = vi. 下暴雨to shower (usually with thunder and lightnings)
hukun = n. 尘垢dust
hūlambi = v. 读，念，朗读 to read (loud out); to narrate ; bithe hūlambi 读书to go to school, to study
hūlame bumbi = vt. 招领；主张to claim (sth.)
hūlara urse = n. 读者readers
hūlašambi = vt. 交换，兑换to exchange, to trade
hūlhambi = v. 偷，偷盗to steal
hūlmahūn = n. 兔子rabbit, hare
hūma = n. 芝麻sesame
hūman = n. 本事，本领power, capability, prowess
hūmangga hergan = 书法caligraphy, caligraph
hūncihin = n. 血统，家族；后代lineage, ancestry; offspring
huncu = n. 雪橇sledge
hūngniyoolambi = vi. 下太阳雨，一边出太阳一边下雨to rain in a sunny day
hūrgikū = n. 漩涡swirl, eddy
hurku = n. 硫，硫磺sulphur
hūsihan = n. 裙子skirt
hūsimbi = vt. 包，裹to pack, to wrap (up)
hūsun = n. 力量，权柄，权威force, power
hūsungge = a. 有力的，强大的strong, powerful
hūsutulembi = vi. 努力，尽力，勉力to strive, to make great effort (to do sth.)
huthumbi = v. 捆绑，扎束to bind, to enlace, to pack
hutu = n. 鬼，鬼怪ghost, monster
hutūri = n. 荣耀，光荣，福glory, happiness ; hutūri dergi mederi i gese, jalafun julergi alin i adali福如东海，寿比南山(May your) happiness be as deep as the East Sea, your life as long as the South mountian
huturingga = a. 幸福的happy ; huturingga boo boigon 幸福的家庭a happy family
hūwa = n. 院子yard, garden
hūwa de dosimbi = vt. 非法闯入，入院to break in, to intrude
hūwalambi = vt. 破，打破，分开to break, to crush
hūwaliyasun = a. 和平的，温和的peaceful, mild, gentle, temperate ; hūwaliyasun edun 和风gentle breeze
hūwang = a. 黄，黄色的yellow (Chin. huang) ; Hūwang Ho Bira 黄河Yellow River
hūwangdi = n. 皇帝emporer (Chin. huangdi)
hūwanggar seme agaimbi = vi. 滂沱大雨to rain cats and dogs, to pour
hūwašabumbi = v. 塑造；培育to mould, to train
hūwašan = n. 和尚，僧侣monk (Chin. heshang)
huweki = n. 肥料fertilizer ; huweki isibumbi 施肥to apply fertilizers
huwekisu = n. 肥料fertilizers
huwekiyen = n. 兴趣，兴致interest, high spirit
hūwešen = n. 尼姑，修女nun, biksuni (Cf. hūwašan)
huwesi = n. 小刀knife
i = pron. 他he
ibedeme ibedeme = 逐渐，渐渐地gradually, little by little
ibiyon = a. 可恶的，讨厌的disgusting
ibtenembi = vi. 朽坏，腐朽to rot, to go off ; ibtenehe moo 朽木rotten wood
icangga = a. 好听的，悦耳的；高雅的 (of voice or music) pleasant, sweet, elegant ; icangga buda 美食cate, delicious food ; icangga kumun 高雅音乐elegant music
ice = n. 新的new ; ice jalarin 新世纪new century ; ice banjin新生活 new life ; ice aniya sain 新年好happy new year
ice acabumbi = vt. 投合to cater to
ice donjin = n. 新闻news
ice gaiha sargan = n. 新娘，新嫁娘bride
Ice Hese = n. （圣经）新约New Testament
Ice Irgejengge-juyi = n. 新民主主义New Democratism (1949-1955)
ice niyalma = n. 新人，刚结婚者newly weds, bride and her groom (lit. new people)
ice urun = n. 新娘，新妇bride
icembi = vt. 染to dye
icemlembi = v. 更新，维新，革新to become new, to update, to renew, to reform, to rennovate
ici1 = n. 右right, right-hand side
ici2 = n. 方向direction
icihiyabukū = n. 管理者manager, management
icihiyambi = v. 搞好，办好to do a good job, to succeed (in doing sth.)
icihiyambi = v. 经营，管理，办；开展 to run, to manage, to administer; to develop, to carry out ; icihiyame foršombi 经营to manage, to develop (business, market)
idu = n. 班，工作时间working hours, shift ; idu dosimbi 上班to go to work ; idu dosime 上班going to work ; idu aliha 值日on duty
ifimbi = v. 缝纫to sew
igeri usiha = n. 牵牛星 the Cowboy star in Chinese astronomy / astrology
ihan = n. 牛；（地支）丑ox, cow ; ihan adun 牛群cattle