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README.md

NetBSD Wi-Fi

This README is written based on NetBSD Version 9.2.

Hardware

We confirmed support for the following hardware.

For more information on all evaluated hardware, see Wi-Fi Hardware.

Wi-Fi Dongle Device ID HW Vendor Manpage AP-Mode
Airlink 101 AWLL3026 0ace:1211 ZyDAS (zyd) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/zyd.4 No
ALFA Network AWUS036NH 148f:3070 Ralink (run) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/run.4 No
Belkin F5D8053 v3 050d:815c Ralink (run) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/run.4 No
Edimax EW-7811Un v2 7392:7811 Realtek (urtwn) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/urtwn.4 Yes
Linksys WUSB600N v1 1737:0071 Ralink (run) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/run.4 No
Linksys WUSBF54G v1.1 13b1:0024 ZyDAS (zyd) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/zyd.4 No
Netgear WG111 v2 0846:6a00 Realtek (urtw) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/urtw.4 Yes
Netgear WG111 v3 0846:4260 Realtek (urtw) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/urtw.4 Yes
Sitecom WL-172 v1 0df6:90ac Ralink (rum) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/rum.4 Yes
TP-Link TL-WN722N v1.10 0cf3:9271 Atheros (athn) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/athn.4 Yes
TP-Link TL-WN722N v3 2357:010c Realtek (urtwn) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/urtwn.4 Yes
TP-Link TL-WN725N v3.8 0bda:8179 Realtek (urtwn) https://man.netbsd.org/NetBSD-9.2-STABLE/urtwn.4 Yes

Configuration of Network Interfaces

Client

Clients can connect to a network using the well-known wpa_supplicant:

wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c supplicant.conf

Access Point

An access point can be set up using the well-known hostapd:

hostapd -i wlan0 hostapd.conf

DHCP

First we must enable dhcpd in /etc/rc.conf:

dhcpd=YES

Write the configuration in /etc/dhcpd.conf, for example:

allow unknown-clients;
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;
    default-lease-time 604800;
    max-lease-time 604800;
    option routers 192.168.0.1;
    option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;
}

Then start the DHCP daemon:

dhcpd wlan0

Kernel

Instructions to rebuild the kernel with debug statements.

⚠️ These instructions are for debugging purposes only and should not be used on production environments.

Resources:

Rebuild the Kernel

Clone the appropriate kernel source code into /usr/src:

cd /usr
export CVSROOT="[email protected]:/cvsroot"
cvs checkout -r netbsd-9-2-RELEASE -P src

We can now simply build and install:

cd /usr/src/sys/arch/$(machine)/conf
config GENERIC
cd /usr/src/sys/arch/$(machine)/compile/GENERIC
make depend
make
make install

Debugging WLAN

Debug messages can be added with simple print statements:

printf("DEBUG-WLAN: Statement.\n");

Interesting source files are located in the /usr/src/sys/net80211/ directory.

The kernel can now be rebuild and installed as instructed above.

Creating a Patch

Creating a patch file of any changes can be done as follows:

cd /usr/src
cvs diff -u ./sys/net80211/ > filename.patch

Drivers

Instructions to rebuild device drivers.

Device driver code runs in the kernel and can be found in /usr/src/sys/dev.

Interesting source files for Wi-Fi dongles are located in the /usr/src/sys/dev/usb/ directory.

For example, Atheros code can be found in /usr/src/sys/dev/usb/if_athn_usb.c.

Changes can be made by rebuilding the kernel as listed above, and rebooting the system:

cd /usr/src/sys/arch/$(machine)/compile/GENERIC
make
make install

Logging

We can slightly increase debugging output for interface wlan0 with:

ifconfig wlan0 debug