From 76900f4f4f3c496a60a96dc204cb4a96836d8301 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Thu, 19 May 2022 17:37:03 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 01/92] First version of the changelog (manually curated) --- README.md | 68 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 68 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 235e8941..2f08630e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -12,6 +12,74 @@ SOMA is fully implemented in form of an OWL ontology which is based on the DOLCE [DUL](http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl) is a carefully designed upper-level ontology that seeks to model general categories underlying human cognition without making any discipline-specific assumptions. Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities that were not considered sufficiently in DUL for the scope of autonomous robotics. +## Release Notes + +### 2.0.0 +* BREAKING CHANGE: Removal of `IOLite` +
+ Details + +
+* BREAKING CHANGE: Complete and still ongoing remodeling of `SOMA-IO` +
+ Details + +
+* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles +* Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development + * Reason: Protégé XXXX +* Feat: We now host and use our own, modified copy of `DUL` +
+ Details + +
+ * Reason: + * + * + * +### 1.2.0 +* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you now why stuff might break! +* Ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., [INSERT VERSION IRI EXAMPLE HERE](INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE). + * The basic ontology IRI, e.g., [http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl](http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl), now refers to the newest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release) + + ## Further Information SOMA-related papers, releases, metrics, and some tools can be accessed on the [SOMA Project Website](https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/) From d570321a8f1a431c74cefbee0d2007a15bd434de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 12:45:54 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 02/92] Creation of SOMA NEEM --- owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl | 19 +++++++++++++++++++ owl/catalog-v001.xml | 1 + 2 files changed, 20 insertions(+) create mode 100644 owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl new file mode 100644 index 00000000..be2336b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index 3d6e2302..a06c0ad2 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ + From caa558be8b9d2a5af5ee803a4e2144a0b504daac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 13:11:37 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 03/92] Moved KynoDimanicData, VideoData and MeshShapeData to SOMA NEEM --- owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ owl/SOMA.owl | 72 +++++++++-------------------------------------- 2 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl index be2336b7..c366af63 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -11,6 +11,56 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. + + + + + + + + + An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. + diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 0d6bad54..18b253b4 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1136,21 +1136,6 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of - - - - - - - - - - - An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. - - - - @@ -1177,21 +1162,6 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of - - - - - - - - - - - An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. - - - - @@ -1312,15 +1282,6 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom - - - - - An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. - - - - @@ -1335,25 +1296,6 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom - - - - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. - -As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: - -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ -InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC - - -Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier - -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - - @@ -1427,6 +1369,20 @@ InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. + +As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: + +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC + + +Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier + +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + realizes self information From eb22f22f560a8e9a1856fc78e4bc76e878fa20cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 14:04:53 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 04/92] more details --- README.md | 23 ++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2f08630e..79b32a5a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -42,9 +42,12 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th -* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles -* Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development - * Reason: Protégé XXXX +* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles +* Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development +
+ Details + When opening SOMA locally from the cloned repository, Protégé will follow the IRI redirects in the catalog file from the same folder. There, we redirected the imports from the online version to the local version. This allows offline editing, while not changing anything when opening the ontologies via the IRI elsewhere. +
* Feat: We now host and use our own, modified copy of `DUL`
Details @@ -70,16 +73,14 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th
- * Reason: - * - * - * ### 1.2.0 -* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you now why stuff might break! -* Ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., [INSERT VERSION IRI EXAMPLE HERE](INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE). - * The basic ontology IRI, e.g., [http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl](http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl), now refers to the newest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release) +* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you now why stuff might break! +
+ Details + The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl, now refers to the newest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release) +
## Further Information -SOMA-related papers, releases, metrics, and some tools can be accessed on the [SOMA Project Website](https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/) +SOMA-related papers, releases, metrics, and some tools can be accessed on the [SOMA Project Website](https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/) \ No newline at end of file From a847900e738b06496e0fdea9bf41c6c8b322759d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 16:12:56 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 05/92] Added Info about SOMA NEEM --- README.md | 9 +++++++-- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 79b32a5a..6b6a5cd5 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -42,11 +42,16 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th +* BREAKING CHANGE: New ontology in the import structure: `SOMA NEEM` +
+ Details + Some SOMA entities, e.g., KynoDinamicData, have been decided to be too specific for the basic SOMA ontology. These have been moved to SOMA NEEM, which is of course part of the collapsed SOMA version +
* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles * Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development
Details - When opening SOMA locally from the cloned repository, Protégé will follow the IRI redirects in the catalog file from the same folder. There, we redirected the imports from the online version to the local version. This allows offline editing, while not changing anything when opening the ontologies via the IRI elsewhere. + When opening SOMA locally from the cloned repository, Protégé will follow the IRI redirects in the catalog file from the same folder. There, we redirected the imports from the online version to the local version. This allows offline editing, while not changing anything when opening the ontologies via the IRI elsewhere
* Feat: We now host and use our own, modified copy of `DUL`
@@ -74,7 +79,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th
### 1.2.0 -* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you now why stuff might break! +* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you get information why stuff might break!
Details The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl, now refers to the newest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release) From 23bc356b3892cb0701164bfb7d6bf2affd87281b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 16:15:35 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 06/92] Added SOMA NEEM to the catalog file, sorted it --- owl/catalog-v001.xml | 20 ++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index a06c0ad2..2f3b351c 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -1,15 +1,15 @@ - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + From b1245d9e0f86158083612bdbeba1a33a23dcb9a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Fri, 20 May 2022 16:27:34 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 07/92] Added SOMA ALL --- owl/SOMA-ALL.owl | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ owl/catalog-v001.xml | 19 ++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) create mode 100644 owl/SOMA-ALL.owl diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl new file mode 100644 index 00000000..71ba6074 --- /dev/null +++ b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index 3d6e2302..5f0fcf85 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ - + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + From 3a54b047c0bcfd03c5840ca5c509534aeec2a026 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 10:13:08 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 08/92] started working on a java ci script (cherry picked from commit d3571b43114b9c2d44fcbe21796f93438d8f3218) --- .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml | 92 +++++++++++++++++++ .../src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 9 ++ .../src/main/java/MainApplication.java | 23 +++++ .../src/main/java/OntologyManager.java | 62 +++++++++++++ .../src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java | 8 ++ .../src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java | 33 +++++++ 6 files changed, 227 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7edd560c --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + 4.0.0 + + org.uni-bremen.ease + IsDefinedInAdder + 1.0-SNAPSHOT + + + org.springframework.boot + spring-boot-starter-parent + 2.6.7 + + + + + 18 + 18 + + + + + org.springframework.boot + spring-boot-starter + + + + net.sourceforge.owlapi + owlapi-distribution + 5.1.20 + + + net.sourceforge.owlapi + owllinkhttpxml + 2.0.0 + + + org.mortbay.jetty + javax.servlet + + + org.mortbay.jetty + org.mortbay.jmx + + + org.mortbay.jetty + org.mortbay.jetty + + + + + org.apache.commons + commons-lang3 + 3.12.0 + + + org.jetbrains + annotations + 23.0.0 + + + net.sourceforge.owlapi + org.semanticweb.hermit + 1.4.5.519 + + + com.google.guava + guava + 31.1-jre + + + + + + + org.springframework.boot + spring-boot-maven-plugin + 2.7.0 + + + + rest.ServiceApplication + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..09e39c09 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +@Component +public class IsDefinedInAdder { + + + + public void +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..631dd774 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; +import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; +import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; + +@SpringBootApplication +public final class MainApplication implements CommandLineRunner { + + private MainApplication() { + } + + public static void main(final String... args) { + // final ApplicationContext applicationContext = + new SpringApplicationBuilder(MainApplication.class) + .run(args); + // TODO close application context + } + + + @Override + public void run(final String... args) { + + } +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..196280be --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +package rest.ontology; + +import com.google.common.io.FileBackedOutputStream; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.expression.OWLEntityChecker; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyCreationException; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AnnotationValueShortFormProvider; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.BidirectionalShortFormProviderAdapter; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.SimpleShortFormProvider; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; +import rest.converter.ManchesterLabelEntityChecker; + +import java.io.File; +import java.io.FileNotFoundException; +import java.io.IOException; +import java.nio.file.Files; +import java.nio.file.Path; +import java.util.Arrays; +import java.util.Collections; +import java.util.List; + +/** + * Class to manage the resources that are associated with an {@link OWLOntology}. + */ +@Component +@Lazy +public class OntologyManager { + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologyManager.class); + + /** + * {@link OWLOntologyManager} that holds the managed ontology. + */ + private final OWLOntologyManager ontologyManager = OWLManager.createConcurrentOWLOntologyManager(); + + public OntologyManager(@Value("${ontology.directory}") final Path ontologyDirectory) + throws OWLOntologyCreationException, FileNotFoundException { + loadOntology(ontologyDirectory); + } + + private OWLOntology loadOntology(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { + OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration configuration = new OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration(); + configuration. + Files.list(ontologyDirectory).forEach(next -> ontologyManager.l); + + final var loaded = ontologyManager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(ontologyFile); + LOGGER.info("Loaded '{}'", loaded.getOntologyID()); + return loaded; + } + + +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a6406943 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; + +import java.nio.file.Path; + +@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ontology") +record OntologyProperties(Path directory) { + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e0732dfc --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +import java.net.URI; +import java.nio.file.Path; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyIRIMapper; + +import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogFeatures; +import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogManager; +import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogResolver; + +public class XMLCatalogIRIMapper implements OWLOntologyIRIMapper { + private final CatalogResolver catalogResolver; + private final Path ontologyDirectory; + + public XMLCatalogIRIMapper(URI catalogUri, Path ontologyDirectory) { + this(CatalogManager.catalogResolver(CatalogFeatures.defaults(), catalogUri), ontologyDirectory); + } + + public XMLCatalogIRIMapper(CatalogResolver catalogResolver, final Path ontologyDirectory) { + this.catalogResolver = catalogResolver; + this.ontologyDirectory = ontologyDirectory; + } + + @Override + public IRI getDocumentIRI(IRI original) { + var source = catalogResolver.resolve(original.toURI().toString(), ontologyDirectory.toString()); + if (!source.isEmpty()) { + return IRI.create(source.getSystemId()); + } + return null; + } + +} \ No newline at end of file From 0ac3d92e8bf3d3ac2007b0073c6463c90b412775 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 14:57:39 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 09/92] CI stuff --- .../actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml | 2 + .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml | 28 ++----- .../src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 9 --- .../src/main/java/MainApplication.java | 23 ------ .../src/main/java/OntologyManager.java | 62 --------------- .../src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java | 8 -- .../src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java | 33 -------- .../src/main/java/main/Application.java | 15 ++++ .../src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 69 +++++++++++++++++ .../src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java | 77 +++++++++++++++++++ .../src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java | 35 +++++++++ .gitignore | 2 + 12 files changed, 208 insertions(+), 155 deletions(-) create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java create mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f4e58f28 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +ontology: + directory: ../../../owl/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml index 7edd560c..96e138d0 100644 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - 4.0.0 @@ -32,21 +32,13 @@ 5.1.20 - net.sourceforge.owlapi - owllinkhttpxml - 2.0.0 + edu.stanford.protege + org.protege.xmlcatalog + 1.0.5 - org.mortbay.jetty - javax.servlet - - - org.mortbay.jetty - org.mortbay.jmx - - - org.mortbay.jetty - org.mortbay.jetty + net.sourceforge.owlapi + owlapi-impl @@ -60,16 +52,12 @@ annotations 23.0.0 - - net.sourceforge.owlapi - org.semanticweb.hermit - 1.4.5.519 - com.google.guava guava 31.1-jre + diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java deleted file mode 100644 index 09e39c09..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/IsDefinedInAdder.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,9 +0,0 @@ -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; - -@Component -public class IsDefinedInAdder { - - - - public void -} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java deleted file mode 100644 index 631dd774..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/MainApplication.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,23 +0,0 @@ -import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; -import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; -import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; - -@SpringBootApplication -public final class MainApplication implements CommandLineRunner { - - private MainApplication() { - } - - public static void main(final String... args) { - // final ApplicationContext applicationContext = - new SpringApplicationBuilder(MainApplication.class) - .run(args); - // TODO close application context - } - - - @Override - public void run(final String... args) { - - } -} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java deleted file mode 100644 index 196280be..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyManager.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,62 +0,0 @@ -package rest.ontology; - -import com.google.common.io.FileBackedOutputStream; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.expression.OWLEntityChecker; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyCreationException; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyManager; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.AnnotationValueShortFormProvider; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.BidirectionalShortFormProviderAdapter; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.SimpleShortFormProvider; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; -import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; -import rest.converter.ManchesterLabelEntityChecker; - -import java.io.File; -import java.io.FileNotFoundException; -import java.io.IOException; -import java.nio.file.Files; -import java.nio.file.Path; -import java.util.Arrays; -import java.util.Collections; -import java.util.List; - -/** - * Class to manage the resources that are associated with an {@link OWLOntology}. - */ -@Component -@Lazy -public class OntologyManager { - - /** - * {@link Logger} of this class. - */ - private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologyManager.class); - - /** - * {@link OWLOntologyManager} that holds the managed ontology. - */ - private final OWLOntologyManager ontologyManager = OWLManager.createConcurrentOWLOntologyManager(); - - public OntologyManager(@Value("${ontology.directory}") final Path ontologyDirectory) - throws OWLOntologyCreationException, FileNotFoundException { - loadOntology(ontologyDirectory); - } - - private OWLOntology loadOntology(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { - OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration configuration = new OWLOntologyLoaderConfiguration(); - configuration. - Files.list(ontologyDirectory).forEach(next -> ontologyManager.l); - - final var loaded = ontologyManager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(ontologyFile); - LOGGER.info("Loaded '{}'", loaded.getOntologyID()); - return loaded; - } - - -} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java deleted file mode 100644 index a6406943..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/OntologyProperties.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8 +0,0 @@ -import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; - -import java.nio.file.Path; - -@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ontology") -record OntologyProperties(Path directory) { - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java deleted file mode 100644 index e0732dfc..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/XMLCatalogIRIMapper.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,33 +0,0 @@ -import java.net.URI; -import java.nio.file.Path; - -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyIRIMapper; - -import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogFeatures; -import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogManager; -import javax.xml.catalog.CatalogResolver; - -public class XMLCatalogIRIMapper implements OWLOntologyIRIMapper { - private final CatalogResolver catalogResolver; - private final Path ontologyDirectory; - - public XMLCatalogIRIMapper(URI catalogUri, Path ontologyDirectory) { - this(CatalogManager.catalogResolver(CatalogFeatures.defaults(), catalogUri), ontologyDirectory); - } - - public XMLCatalogIRIMapper(CatalogResolver catalogResolver, final Path ontologyDirectory) { - this.catalogResolver = catalogResolver; - this.ontologyDirectory = ontologyDirectory; - } - - @Override - public IRI getDocumentIRI(IRI original) { - var source = catalogResolver.resolve(original.toURI().toString(), ontologyDirectory.toString()); - if (!source.isEmpty()) { - return IRI.create(source.getSystemId()); - } - return null; - } - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..473231db --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +package main; + +import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; +import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; + +@SpringBootApplication +public class Application { + + public static void main(final String... args) { + // final ApplicationContext applicationContext = + final var context = new SpringApplicationBuilder(Application.class).run(args); + context.close(); + } + +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2dfe56fe --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +package main; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.AxiomType; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDeclarationAxiom; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEntity; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.ChangeApplied; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import javax.annotation.Priority; +import java.util.Collection; +import java.util.HashSet; + +@Component +@Priority(0) +public class IsDefinedInAdder implements CommandLineRunner { + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IsDefinedInAdder.class); + + private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + + @Autowired + public IsDefinedInAdder(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { + this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + } + + + @Override + public void run(final String... args) { + for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { + addIsDefinedIn(ontology); + } + } + + private static void addIsDefinedIn(final OWLOntology ontology) { + if (ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().isEmpty()) { + LOGGER.warn("Skipping ontology without IRI"); + return; + } + final var ontologyIRI = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); + LOGGER.info("Checking {} for missing rdfs:isDefinedIn", ontologyIRI); + + final var df = OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory(); + final var annotation = df.getOWLAnnotation(df.getRDFSIsDefinedBy(), ontologyIRI); + + // add to all declared entities + final Collection addedEntities = new HashSet<>(); + final Iterable declarationAxioms = ontology.axioms(AxiomType.DECLARATION)::iterator; + for (final OWLDeclarationAxiom axiom : declarationAxioms) { + final var entity = axiom.getEntity(); + final var annotationAxiom = df.getOWLAnnotationAssertionAxiom(entity.getIRI(), annotation); + final var changeApplied = ontology.add(annotationAxiom); + if (changeApplied == ChangeApplied.SUCCESSFULLY) { + addedEntities.add(entity); + } + } + LOGGER.info("Added annotation {} to entities: {}", annotation, addedEntities); + } + + +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e9f2aeb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +package main; + +import org.protege.xmlcatalog.owlapi.XMLCatalogIRIMapper; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import java.io.File; +import java.io.IOException; +import java.nio.file.DirectoryIteratorException; +import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream; +import java.nio.file.Files; +import java.nio.file.Path; + +/** + * Class to manage the resources that are associated with an {@link OWLOntology}. + */ +@Component +@Lazy +public class OntologyManager { + + private static final Path XML_CATALOG_PATH = Path.of("catalog-v001.xml"); + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologyManager.class); + + /** + * {@link OWLOntologyManager} that holds the managed ontology. + */ + private final OWLOntologyManager ontologyManager = OWLManager.createConcurrentOWLOntologyManager(); + + public OntologyManager(@Value("${ontology.directory}") final Path ontologyDirectory) + throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { + loadCatalog(ontologyDirectory); + loadOntologies(ontologyDirectory); + } + + @SuppressWarnings("OverlyBroadThrowsClause") + private void loadCatalog(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws IOException { + final OWLOntologyIRIMapper xmlCatalogIriMapper = new XMLCatalogIRIMapper( + ontologyDirectory.resolve(XML_CATALOG_PATH).toFile()); + ontologyManager.getIRIMappers().add(xmlCatalogIriMapper); + } + + private void loadOntologies(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { + // traverse all .owl files and load the ontologies + try (final DirectoryStream stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(ontologyDirectory, "*.{owl}")) { + for (final Path entry : stream) { + loadOntology(entry.toFile()); + } + } catch (final DirectoryIteratorException ex) { + // I/O error encountered during the iteration, the cause is an IOException + throw ex.getCause(); + } + } + + private void loadOntology(final File ontologyFile) throws OWLOntologyCreationException { + try { + LOGGER.info("Loading '{}'", ontologyFile.getName()); + ontologyManager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(ontologyFile); + LOGGER.info("Loaded '{}'", ontologyFile.getName()); + } catch (final OWLOntologyAlreadyExistsException e) { + LOGGER.info("Skipping '{}' (already loaded)", ontologyFile.getName()); + // was already imported via any other file; do nothing + } + } + + public OWLOntologyManager getOntologyManager() { + return ontologyManager; + } +} diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a217cb12 --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +package main; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyStorageException; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import javax.annotation.Priority; + +@Component +@Priority(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1) +public class OntologySaver implements CommandLineRunner { + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologySaver.class); + private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + + @Autowired + public OntologySaver(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { + this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + } + + @Override + public void run(final String... args) throws OWLOntologyStorageException { + for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { + LOGGER.info("Saving {}", ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI()); + ontology.saveOntology(); + } + } +} diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index 831c9e7f..c608af3e 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -35,3 +35,5 @@ *EASE-UGLY.owl SOMA.owl build +.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/target/maven-status/maven-compiler-plugin/compile/default-compile/createdFiles.lst +.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/target/maven-status/maven-compiler-plugin/compile/default-compile/inputFiles.lst From 96ea57fcba16c17033eb0d00b3f1e712d9aafc09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 15:05:19 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 10/92] Update pom.xml --- .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml index 96e138d0..93d0d024 100644 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml +++ b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml @@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ net.sourceforge.owlapi owlapi-impl + + net.sourceforge.owlapi + owlapi-osgidistribution + From eca037277a5783420af62cf78267c1f18f7f8966 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte <31051045+mrnolte@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 16:23:24 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 11/92] Update evaluation.yml --- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 12 ++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index 24aad9af..6d83985b 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -15,6 +15,18 @@ on: - '!docs/**' jobs: + javaStuff: + name: Add annotations + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + steps: + - uses: actions/checkout@v3 + - uses: actions/setup-java@v3 + with: + distribution: 'temurin' + java-version: '18' + cache: 'maven' + - run: mvn spring-boot:run + compile: name: Compile SOMA runs-on: ubuntu-latest From a0a740052298a93083995f095de4ec92d1be75bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 16:23:39 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 12/92] First try to get the CI running --- .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml | 2 -- .gitignore | 3 +-- ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml | 2 ++ {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml | 6 +++--- .../IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java | 0 .../src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 4 +++- .../src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java | 0 .../IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java | 3 ++- 8 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml create mode 100644 ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml rename {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml (93%) rename {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java (100%) rename {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java (94%) rename {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java (100%) rename {.github/actions => ci}/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java (91%) diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml b/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index f4e58f28..00000000 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -ontology: - directory: ../../../owl/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index c608af3e..52b05a53 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -35,5 +35,4 @@ *EASE-UGLY.owl SOMA.owl build -.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/target/maven-status/maven-compiler-plugin/compile/default-compile/createdFiles.lst -.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/target/maven-status/maven-compiler-plugin/compile/default-compile/inputFiles.lst +*.lst diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2479e907 --- /dev/null +++ b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +ontology: + directory: ../../owl/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml similarity index 93% rename from .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml rename to ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml index 93d0d024..23fde731 100644 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml +++ b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml @@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ owlapi-impl - net.sourceforge.owlapi - owlapi-osgidistribution + net.sourceforge.owlapi + owlapi-osgidistribution @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ - rest.ServiceApplication + main.Application diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java similarity index 100% rename from .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java rename to ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java similarity index 94% rename from .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java rename to ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java index 2dfe56fe..dd18360e 100644 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java +++ b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java @@ -62,7 +62,9 @@ private static void addIsDefinedIn(final OWLOntology ontology) { addedEntities.add(entity); } } - LOGGER.info("Added annotation {} to entities: {}", annotation, addedEntities); + if (!addedEntities.isEmpty()) { + LOGGER.info("Added annotation {} to entities: {}", annotation, addedEntities); + } } diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java similarity index 100% rename from .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java rename to ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java diff --git a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java similarity index 91% rename from .github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java rename to ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java index a217cb12..a901b34d 100644 --- a/.github/actions/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java +++ b/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java @@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ public OntologySaver(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { @Override public void run(final String... args) throws OWLOntologyStorageException { for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { - LOGGER.info("Saving {}", ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI()); + LOGGER.info("Saving {}", ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().map(Object::toString) + .orElseGet(() -> "unnamed ontology")); ontology.saveOntology(); } } From b7a1197c7c713dac34986dcc1cada6271baa4efa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte <31051045+mrnolte@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 16:37:47 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 13/92] Update evaluation.yml --- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index 6d83985b..948f7631 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs: distribution: 'temurin' java-version: '18' cache: 'maven' - - run: mvn spring-boot:run + - run: mvn spring-boot:run -f ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml compile: name: Compile SOMA From fdd353245a46306e39e97933eba370d319c9b553 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte <31051045+mrnolte@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 16:49:55 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 14/92] Update evaluation.yml --- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 12 ------------ 1 file changed, 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index 948f7631..24aad9af 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -15,18 +15,6 @@ on: - '!docs/**' jobs: - javaStuff: - name: Add annotations - runs-on: ubuntu-latest - steps: - - uses: actions/checkout@v3 - - uses: actions/setup-java@v3 - with: - distribution: 'temurin' - java-version: '18' - cache: 'maven' - - run: mvn spring-boot:run -f ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml - compile: name: Compile SOMA runs-on: ubuntu-latest From f3d9d95fe3450e72d9ae4d437156bd18d091a257 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 16:59:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 15/92] moved stuff --- {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/application.yaml | 0 {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/pom.xml | 0 .../java}/src/main/java/main/Application.java | 0 .../java}/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 0 .../java}/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java | 0 .../java}/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java | 0 6 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/application.yaml (100%) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/pom.xml (100%) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/src/main/java/main/Application.java (100%) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java (100%) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java (100%) rename {ci/IsDefinedInAdder => scripts/java}/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java (100%) diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/application.yaml rename to scripts/java/application.yaml diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml b/scripts/java/pom.xml similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/pom.xml rename to scripts/java/pom.xml diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/Application.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java diff --git a/ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java similarity index 100% rename from ci/IsDefinedInAdder/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java From 9e69b88d9fa60e8a47d2ab0b86429d1520642dc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Wed, 25 May 2022 09:19:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 16/92] Added SOMA-NEEM to scripts --- prolog/uglify.pl | 1 + scripts/ecv.sh | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/prolog/uglify.pl b/prolog/uglify.pl index 2116b6a4..dbc38408 100644 --- a/prolog/uglify.pl +++ b/prolog/uglify.pl @@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ 'SOMA-STATE.owl', 'SOMA-SAY.owl', 'SOMA-PROC.owl' + 'SOMA-NEEM.owl' ], forall( member([OutFile,Ontologies], [ diff --git a/scripts/ecv.sh b/scripts/ecv.sh index a9a1044b..04d139f4 100755 --- a/scripts/ecv.sh +++ b/scripts/ecv.sh @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ SCRIPTPATH="$( cd "$(dirname "$0")" >/dev/null 2>&1 ; pwd -P )" -python $SCRIPTPATH/elan_cv.py -of $SCRIPTPATH/SOMA.ecv -if $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-PROC.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-STATE.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-ACT.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl -vi "lvl1-ease_tsd-motion" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc Locomotion BodyMovement -vi "lvl1-ease_tsd-motion" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc Manipulating Actuating -vi "lvl_2-ease_tsd-task_step" -ns 'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#' -sc PhysicalTask -vi "think-aloud_coding" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc ThinkAloudTopic +python $SCRIPTPATH/elan_cv.py -of $SCRIPTPATH/SOMA.ecv -if $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-PROC.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-STATE.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-ACT.owl $SCRIPTPATH/../owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl -vi "lvl1-ease_tsd-motion" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc Locomotion BodyMovement -vi "lvl1-ease_tsd-motion" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc Manipulating Actuating -vi "lvl_2-ease_tsd-task_step" -ns 'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#' -sc PhysicalTask -vi "think-aloud_coding" -ns "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" -sc ThinkAloudTopic From 1e765ad31b3a343c6b031aa9c95bbc2e39bedfe5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Wed, 25 May 2022 09:21:27 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 17/92] Fixed Syntax Error --- prolog/uglify.pl | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/prolog/uglify.pl b/prolog/uglify.pl index dbc38408..91e08b53 100644 --- a/prolog/uglify.pl +++ b/prolog/uglify.pl @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ 'SOMA-OBJ.owl', 'SOMA-STATE.owl', 'SOMA-SAY.owl', - 'SOMA-PROC.owl' + 'SOMA-PROC.owl', 'SOMA-NEEM.owl' ], forall( From 5fcf22cf29913201586227ee2092c75c3b484a4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Wed, 25 May 2022 11:16:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 18/92] Implemented collapsing of ontologies --- scripts/java/application.yaml | 7 ++- .../src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java | 14 +++++ .../java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java | 59 +++++++++++++++++++ .../src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java | 16 +++++ .../src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java | 10 ++-- 5 files changed, 100 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) create mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java create mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java create mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 2479e907..0ec4abb0 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -1,2 +1,7 @@ ontology: - directory: ../../owl/ \ No newline at end of file + directory: ../../owl/ + to-uglify: + - ontology: SOMA-ALL + out-path: path/to/somewhere + - ontology: SOMA-HOME + out-path: path/to/somewhere diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4a5ced0f --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +package main; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; + +import java.nio.file.Path; + +public record CollapseConfig(String ontology, Path out) { + + public boolean isReferenceOf(final OWLOntology ontology) { + final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI(); + return iri.isPresent() && iri.get().toString().endsWith(ontology + ".owl"); + } + +} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7cc36066 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +package main; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyCreationException; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyStorageException; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.Imports; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import javax.annotation.Priority; +import java.io.IOException; + +@Component +@Priority(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1) +public class Collapser implements CommandLineRunner { + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Collapser.class); + private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + private final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig; + + @Autowired + public Collapser(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig) { + this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + this.ontologyConfig = ontologyConfig; + } + + @Override + public void run(final String... args) + throws OWLOntologyStorageException, OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { + final var collapseManager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager(); + for (final CollapseConfig collapseConfig : ontologyConfig.toCollapse()) { + final var toCollapse = ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().ontologies() + .filter(collapseConfig::isReferenceOf).findFirst(); + + if (toCollapse.isEmpty()) { + throw new RuntimeException("Cannot resolve " + collapseConfig); + } + + @SuppressWarnings("OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent") final var collapsed = collapseManager.createOntology( + toCollapse.get().getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get()); + + LOGGER.info("Collapsing {}", collapseConfig.ontology()); + collapsed.addAxioms(toCollapse.get().axioms(Imports.INCLUDED)); + + LOGGER.info("Saving collapsed {} to {} ", collapseConfig.ontology(), + collapseConfig.out().toFile().getCanonicalFile()); + collapsed.saveOntology(IRI.create(collapseConfig.out().toUri())); + } + } + + +} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..02d600fe --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +package main; + +import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; +import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; + +import java.nio.file.Path; +import java.util.Collection; + +@Configuration +@EnableConfigurationProperties +@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ontology") +public record OntologyConfig(Path directory, Collection toCollapse) { + +} + diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java index e9f2aeb8..cd5a6abf 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ public class OntologyManager { */ private final OWLOntologyManager ontologyManager = OWLManager.createConcurrentOWLOntologyManager(); - public OntologyManager(@Value("${ontology.directory}") final Path ontologyDirectory) - throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { - loadCatalog(ontologyDirectory); - loadOntologies(ontologyDirectory); + @Autowired + public OntologyManager(final OntologyConfig config) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { + loadCatalog(config.directory()); + loadOntologies(config.directory()); } @SuppressWarnings("OverlyBroadThrowsClause") From f07fda5767aa2b68ba8fd8f4b414e08a41a8ef0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mihai Pomarlan Date: Wed, 1 Jun 2022 22:51:25 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 19/92] Added RecordedEpisode and some recorded modalities. --- owl/SOMA.owl | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 0d6bad54..c2d662d3 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ + xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" + xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"> @@ -599,6 +599,17 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject + + + + @@ -708,6 +719,16 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. + + + + @@ -1192,6 +1213,15 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of + + + + + An information object containing data about the motion of some subject(s) and possibly also the motions of the objects they interact with, typically captured via motion tracking systems. + + + + @@ -1201,6 +1231,20 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + @@ -1434,5 +1478,5 @@ InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - + From 770fd5cb7a84eaea126eb5f37d240523d37de462 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mihai Pomarlan Date: Thu, 2 Jun 2022 09:15:23 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 20/92] Add H-specific metadata for tablesetting recordings. --- owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl | 161 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 153 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl index 694fc06b..a867ce6a 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ + xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" + xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"> @@ -54,6 +55,154 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Records the expected number of participants in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + +The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a TableSetting task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. + +The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The task to prepare a table for a meal. + + + + + + + + construction-arrange-objects + A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way. + + + + + From 499e0d0d9add47f6ca7d4c795f20b34f369debad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mihai Pomarlan Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2022 10:06:06 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 21/92] Updates after review. --- owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl | 139 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- owl/SOMA.owl | 42 ++++++++++---- 2 files changed, 143 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl index a867ce6a..e5e3554b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ + + + @@ -66,9 +69,9 @@ - + - + @@ -82,14 +85,34 @@ - Records the expected number of participants in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - + @@ -102,10 +125,26 @@ + Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. -The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a TableSetting task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. +The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + @@ -120,21 +159,17 @@ The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Descrip - - - - - An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. - - - - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. + + + + + @@ -144,6 +179,11 @@ The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Descrip Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. + + + + + @@ -153,6 +193,11 @@ The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Descrip Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. + + + + + @@ -162,13 +207,13 @@ The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Descrip - + - + @@ -176,12 +221,37 @@ The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Descrip The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - + @@ -191,6 +261,21 @@ The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. The task to prepare a table for a meal. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + @@ -240,8 +325,8 @@ The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality.move-object-close - construction-general Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate + construction-general object-modification-cutting @@ -454,5 +539,5 @@ The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. + diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index c2d662d3..2999f61c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ + + + @@ -599,12 +602,13 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - + - + - + + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject @@ -719,10 +723,11 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - + - + + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. @@ -993,6 +998,20 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + + + + + + @@ -1237,10 +1256,11 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of - + + An episode which has been recorded. @@ -1478,5 +1498,5 @@ InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - + From 16533f22afb12f07f981788d0e14b0c81024fddd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2022 10:29:02 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 22/92] Update for PR #232 --- README.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6b6a5cd5..6da044ae 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th Some SOMA entities, e.g., KynoDinamicData, have been decided to be too specific for the basic SOMA ontology. These have been moved to SOMA NEEM, which is of course part of the collapsed SOMA version
* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles +* Feat: Metadata for Episodes, e.g., to represent a temporal context or a table setting * Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development
Details @@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th Added missing english labels +
### 1.2.0 From 830e427079745214227e0d9ca9a4f1645a592666 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Nolte Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2022 15:29:43 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 23/92] fixed missing labels in SOMA --- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 40 ++----- owl/SOMA-IO.owl | 3 + owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 262 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------- owl/SOMA-SAY.owl | 16 ++- owl/SOMA-STATE.owl | 2 + owl/SOMA-WF.owl | 25 ++++- owl/SOMA.owl | 5 + 7 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 135 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index a6669eba..3b0d9e89 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + - @@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ CommunicationTopic can only classify a Social object that participates in an Act Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers. + Communication topic @@ -438,7 +439,6 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop - @@ -524,8 +524,6 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop - - @@ -597,9 +595,6 @@ Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A i - - - @@ -790,10 +785,6 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag - - - - @@ -963,11 +954,6 @@ Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transf - - - - - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object. @@ -979,12 +965,6 @@ Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transf - - - - - - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then? @@ -1134,6 +1114,7 @@ Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the si A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent. + Situation transition @@ -1151,13 +1132,6 @@ Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the si - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp. @@ -1249,6 +1223,7 @@ Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the si A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication. + Think aloud topic @@ -1295,10 +1270,17 @@ The main use case for this is to represent expectations that are not met, e.g. u Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no "manifests in" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations. + Nonmanifested situation + + + + + + - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - is mass attribute of - - - - @@ -125,7 +113,7 @@ Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. has parent link - + @@ -198,8 +186,21 @@ Relates an object to its kinematic components. is link of + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + is mass attribute of + + + @@ -234,6 +235,7 @@ Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. is root link of + @@ -1068,6 +1070,7 @@ // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + @@ -1080,7 +1083,6 @@ A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. has force value - @@ -1177,7 +1179,7 @@ The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). has joint velocity limit - + @@ -1201,8 +1203,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has color value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. + has color value @@ -1225,8 +1227,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has file path Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. + has file path @@ -1249,8 +1251,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has hsv value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. + has hsv value @@ -1297,8 +1299,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has position data Associates a spatial region to a position. + has position data @@ -1309,8 +1311,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has rgb value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. + has rgb value @@ -1333,8 +1335,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has reference frame Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. + has reference frame @@ -1347,10 +1349,10 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - + + - @@ -1365,8 +1367,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has space parameter Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + has space parameter @@ -1393,25 +1395,15 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. - Functional part + + + + + A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. + +There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. + Artificial agent @@ -1444,6 +1436,16 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to + + + + + A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. + Floating joint + + + + @@ -1461,16 +1463,6 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - - - - - A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. - Floating joint - - - - @@ -1502,16 +1494,16 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - - 1 - + + 1 + - - 1 - + + 1 + An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. @@ -1611,7 +1603,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. Prismatic joint - + @@ -1628,18 +1620,6 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. Revolute joint - - - - - - - - A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. - -There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. - Artificial agent - @@ -1713,6 +1693,7 @@ Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from t A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about. + Agent role @@ -1722,6 +1703,7 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de An object undergoing modifications. + Altered object @@ -1742,26 +1724,6 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de A limb used to reach for objects. - - - - - A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. - - - - - - - - - - - - - A limb used for grasping objects. - - @@ -1769,6 +1731,7 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de An object that is avoided. + Avoided object @@ -1787,6 +1750,7 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed. + Beneficiary role @@ -1817,6 +1781,7 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de An object that is blocked from accessing something. + Blocked object @@ -1868,6 +1833,7 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket." In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the "by hitting it with the racket" constituent. + Causal event role @@ -1879,6 +1845,7 @@ As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hit A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents. + Causative role @@ -1935,6 +1902,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e Encodes the cleanliness of an object. + Cleanliness region @@ -1982,6 +1950,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form. + Commited object @@ -2006,6 +1975,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object that is combined with another object. + Connected object @@ -2107,6 +2077,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object that is covered. + Covered object @@ -2116,6 +2087,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object that is created. + Created object @@ -2148,6 +2120,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese. + Dependent place @@ -2166,6 +2139,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object placed ontop of another one. + Deposited object @@ -2258,6 +2232,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object that is detroyed. + Destroyed object @@ -2267,6 +2242,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object that is detected. + Detected object @@ -2293,6 +2269,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e This class defines the values that a device state can take. + Device state range @@ -2302,6 +2279,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e A value indicating a device is not in operation. + Device turned off @@ -2311,6 +2289,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e A value indicating a device is in operation. + Device turned on @@ -2383,6 +2362,7 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object. + Enclosed object @@ -2409,6 +2389,8 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e A role classifying a participant in an event. In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. + Event adjacent role + Thematic role @@ -2426,6 +2408,7 @@ In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role. + Existing object role @@ -2435,6 +2418,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process. + Experiencer role @@ -2444,6 +2428,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche An object that is removed from a container or system. + Extracted object @@ -2483,6 +2468,21 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche + + + + + + + + + + + A limb used for grasping objects. + + + + @@ -2509,18 +2509,45 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche - - - - The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. + Functional part + + A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action. + Goal role + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. @@ -2577,6 +2604,15 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche + + + + + A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. + + + + @@ -2603,6 +2639,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object. + Included object @@ -2612,6 +2649,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche An object inserted into another object. + Inserted object @@ -2721,6 +2759,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche An object that is linked to some other object. + Linked object @@ -2766,6 +2805,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986). + Locatum role @@ -2847,6 +2887,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche An object undergoing location change. + Moved object @@ -2874,6 +2915,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche A role that classifies the path of a motion. + Path role @@ -2901,8 +2943,8 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche - Physical effector A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. + Physical effector @@ -2989,6 +3031,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... + Quality transition @@ -2998,6 +3041,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action. + Recipent role @@ -3017,6 +3061,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another. + Relation adjacent role @@ -3032,6 +3077,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986). + Relatum role @@ -3041,6 +3087,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge. + Relevant part @@ -3054,6 +3101,7 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche Resources are usually not agentive; a different set of roles classifies the agentive participants in actions. Likewise, typically resources do not play causative or goal roles for the event. Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable. + Resource role @@ -3063,6 +3111,7 @@ Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need n An object with restrictions to access something. + Restricted object @@ -3081,6 +3130,7 @@ Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need n A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process. + Result role @@ -3099,6 +3149,7 @@ Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need n The surface of a room. + Room surface @@ -3108,6 +3159,7 @@ Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need n An object chosen as the result of some selection task. + Selected object @@ -3188,6 +3240,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced An object undergoing shape change. + Shaped object @@ -3277,6 +3330,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object. + Source material role @@ -3286,6 +3340,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation. + Spatial relation role @@ -3295,6 +3350,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time. + Spatio-temporal role @@ -3331,6 +3387,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event). + Stimulus role @@ -3351,6 +3408,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced An object that is supported by some supporter. + Supported object @@ -3399,6 +3457,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced Encodes the temperature of an object. + Temperature region @@ -3428,6 +3487,7 @@ Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object. + Time role @@ -3497,6 +3557,7 @@ It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An e A point in three dimensional space, given as translation. + 3D position @@ -3513,6 +3574,7 @@ It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An e A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system. + 6D pose @@ -3542,5 +3604,5 @@ It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An e - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 5b84aebf..2888ef03 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ - is answered by A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it. + is answered by @@ -112,8 +113,8 @@ - is asked by A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. + is asked by @@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ - A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). + A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). @@ -679,6 +680,7 @@ As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent. + State transition @@ -696,6 +698,12 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on + + + + + + @@ -709,5 +717,5 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl index 186ed04c..b1be6a8c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world. + Physical Existince diff --git a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl index 58f15741..e963692f 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ + - @@ -395,6 +396,7 @@ The condition is a conjunction of CounterfactualBindings. These bindings may be An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing. + Conditional succedence @@ -410,6 +412,7 @@ An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. + Counterfactual binding @@ -422,6 +425,7 @@ TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equali -- task- or workflow-defined roles share fillers (RoleRoleBindings). Example, the instrument of a cutting task may be the actee of a grasping task; -- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes. + Factial binding @@ -432,6 +436,7 @@ TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equali A binding that connects a role to a particular filler. + Role filler binding @@ -454,6 +459,7 @@ TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equali A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler. + Role role binding @@ -525,6 +531,7 @@ Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situat An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the "local variables" of a larger workflow). + Task invocation @@ -612,9 +619,23 @@ Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situat A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure. + + + + + + + Has quality region + - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 0d6bad54..0a43664b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1004,6 +1004,7 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans. links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure + Action execution plan @@ -1076,6 +1077,7 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal. + Failed attempt @@ -1147,6 +1149,7 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. + Kyno-dinamic data @@ -1188,6 +1191,7 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. + Mesh-shape data @@ -1317,6 +1321,7 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. + video data From 611e5e4ecc5e3f0d6d924a2a9ff1f88ebb3f2320 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2022 14:24:01 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 24/92] cutting related dispositions are added --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 929873c1..88c5eb2a 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1391,8 +1391,60 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to cut other objects. Such as a knife has cutting ability to cut a cucumber into pieces. + + + + + + + An object being cut down into pieces. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the barrier) which makes it able to be cut down (into pieces) usually by some other object with role as a Cutter. Such as a cucumber is cutable by a knife. + + + + + + + A role to classify an object used to cut other objects. Usually should poses sharpness as a quality. Execptions are not considered in this context. Such as a wind, water, or other natural agents cutting(eroding) the rocks. + + From 2a8a08130e2ee1a3e899e49ac150bb32b48f0bba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2022 14:26:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 25/92] pouring and storage related dispositions are added --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 88c5eb2a..71371d5f 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1648,6 +1648,28 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the barrier) which makes it able to be poured into or onto other objects. For example a liquid is pourable into a container. + + + + + + + + + An object being poured into or onto some other object. + + @@ -1682,6 +1704,28 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the container) to store other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. + + + + + + + + + An object being stored into some other object, usually inside a container. + + From 2ec2e24e8e5deff1ada48580c117abddbd921b82 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte <31051045+mrnolte@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 11:24:55 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 26/92] Update README.md --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6da044ae..fd875d91 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th Details
  • - Reason: DULis unreliable (e.g., down for a whole week and no one can open SOMA) + Reason: DUL is unreliable (e.g., down for a whole week and no one can open SOMA)
  • As a side effect, we can make changes to DUL, if necessary (yes, we will be very careful) @@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th ## Further Information -SOMA-related papers, releases, metrics, and some tools can be accessed on the [SOMA Project Website](https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/) \ No newline at end of file +SOMA-related papers, releases, metrics, and some tools can be accessed on the [SOMA Project Website](https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/) From c0115af1c57074e009a30211dc102481afc0e4a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 13:58:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 27/92] Added the needed files --- owl/SOMA-ALL.owl | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ owl/catalog-v001.xml | 2 +- 2 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 owl/SOMA-ALL.owl diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl new file mode 100644 index 00000000..71ba6074 --- /dev/null +++ b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index 2f3b351c..5f0fcf85 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ + - From 5679e7464e43ee55f44e9ec91b1f24aa662a597a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 14:01:04 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 28/92] Fixed missing SOMA Neem in catalog --- owl/catalog-v001.xml | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index 5f0fcf85..16c1a2af 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ + From 5e966338cffc3b99731dc91619431acefac6b392 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 14:56:20 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 29/92] Removed java scripts --- scripts/java/application.yaml | 7 -- scripts/java/pom.xml | 84 ------------------- .../java/src/main/java/main/Application.java | 15 ---- .../src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java | 14 ---- .../java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java | 59 ------------- .../src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 71 ---------------- .../src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java | 16 ---- .../src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java | 77 ----------------- .../src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java | 36 -------- 9 files changed, 379 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 scripts/java/application.yaml delete mode 100644 scripts/java/pom.xml delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java delete mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 0ec4abb0..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -ontology: - directory: ../../owl/ - to-uglify: - - ontology: SOMA-ALL - out-path: path/to/somewhere - - ontology: SOMA-HOME - out-path: path/to/somewhere diff --git a/scripts/java/pom.xml b/scripts/java/pom.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 23fde731..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/pom.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,84 +0,0 @@ - - - 4.0.0 - - org.uni-bremen.ease - IsDefinedInAdder - 1.0-SNAPSHOT - - - org.springframework.boot - spring-boot-starter-parent - 2.6.7 - - - - - 18 - 18 - - - - - org.springframework.boot - spring-boot-starter - - - - net.sourceforge.owlapi - owlapi-distribution - 5.1.20 - - - edu.stanford.protege - org.protege.xmlcatalog - 1.0.5 - - - net.sourceforge.owlapi - owlapi-impl - - - net.sourceforge.owlapi - owlapi-osgidistribution - - - - - org.apache.commons - commons-lang3 - 3.12.0 - - - org.jetbrains - annotations - 23.0.0 - - - com.google.guava - guava - 31.1-jre - - - - - - - - org.springframework.boot - spring-boot-maven-plugin - 2.7.0 - - - - main.Application - - - - - - - - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java deleted file mode 100644 index 473231db..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; -import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; - -@SpringBootApplication -public class Application { - - public static void main(final String... args) { - // final ApplicationContext applicationContext = - final var context = new SpringApplicationBuilder(Application.class).run(args); - context.close(); - } - -} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java deleted file mode 100644 index 4a5ced0f..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; - -import java.nio.file.Path; - -public record CollapseConfig(String ontology, Path out) { - - public boolean isReferenceOf(final OWLOntology ontology) { - final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI(); - return iri.isPresent() && iri.get().toString().endsWith(ontology + ".owl"); - } - -} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java deleted file mode 100644 index 7cc36066..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,59 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyCreationException; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyStorageException; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.Imports; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; -import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; - -import javax.annotation.Priority; -import java.io.IOException; - -@Component -@Priority(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1) -public class Collapser implements CommandLineRunner { - - /** - * {@link Logger} of this class. - */ - private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Collapser.class); - private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; - private final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig; - - @Autowired - public Collapser(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig) { - this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; - this.ontologyConfig = ontologyConfig; - } - - @Override - public void run(final String... args) - throws OWLOntologyStorageException, OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { - final var collapseManager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager(); - for (final CollapseConfig collapseConfig : ontologyConfig.toCollapse()) { - final var toCollapse = ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().ontologies() - .filter(collapseConfig::isReferenceOf).findFirst(); - - if (toCollapse.isEmpty()) { - throw new RuntimeException("Cannot resolve " + collapseConfig); - } - - @SuppressWarnings("OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent") final var collapsed = collapseManager.createOntology( - toCollapse.get().getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get()); - - LOGGER.info("Collapsing {}", collapseConfig.ontology()); - collapsed.addAxioms(toCollapse.get().axioms(Imports.INCLUDED)); - - LOGGER.info("Saving collapsed {} to {} ", collapseConfig.ontology(), - collapseConfig.out().toFile().getCanonicalFile()); - collapsed.saveOntology(IRI.create(collapseConfig.out().toUri())); - } - } - - -} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java deleted file mode 100644 index dd18360e..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,71 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.AxiomType; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDeclarationAxiom; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEntity; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.ChangeApplied; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; -import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; - -import javax.annotation.Priority; -import java.util.Collection; -import java.util.HashSet; - -@Component -@Priority(0) -public class IsDefinedInAdder implements CommandLineRunner { - - /** - * {@link Logger} of this class. - */ - private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IsDefinedInAdder.class); - - private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; - - @Autowired - public IsDefinedInAdder(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { - this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; - } - - - @Override - public void run(final String... args) { - for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { - addIsDefinedIn(ontology); - } - } - - private static void addIsDefinedIn(final OWLOntology ontology) { - if (ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().isEmpty()) { - LOGGER.warn("Skipping ontology without IRI"); - return; - } - final var ontologyIRI = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); - LOGGER.info("Checking {} for missing rdfs:isDefinedIn", ontologyIRI); - - final var df = OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory(); - final var annotation = df.getOWLAnnotation(df.getRDFSIsDefinedBy(), ontologyIRI); - - // add to all declared entities - final Collection addedEntities = new HashSet<>(); - final Iterable declarationAxioms = ontology.axioms(AxiomType.DECLARATION)::iterator; - for (final OWLDeclarationAxiom axiom : declarationAxioms) { - final var entity = axiom.getEntity(); - final var annotationAxiom = df.getOWLAnnotationAssertionAxiom(entity.getIRI(), annotation); - final var changeApplied = ontology.add(annotationAxiom); - if (changeApplied == ChangeApplied.SUCCESSFULLY) { - addedEntities.add(entity); - } - } - if (!addedEntities.isEmpty()) { - LOGGER.info("Added annotation {} to entities: {}", annotation, addedEntities); - } - } - - -} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java deleted file mode 100644 index 02d600fe..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; -import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; -import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; - -import java.nio.file.Path; -import java.util.Collection; - -@Configuration -@EnableConfigurationProperties -@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ontology") -public record OntologyConfig(Path directory, Collection toCollapse) { - -} - diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java deleted file mode 100644 index cd5a6abf..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,77 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.protege.xmlcatalog.owlapi.XMLCatalogIRIMapper; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; -import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; - -import java.io.File; -import java.io.IOException; -import java.nio.file.DirectoryIteratorException; -import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream; -import java.nio.file.Files; -import java.nio.file.Path; - -/** - * Class to manage the resources that are associated with an {@link OWLOntology}. - */ -@Component -@Lazy -public class OntologyManager { - - private static final Path XML_CATALOG_PATH = Path.of("catalog-v001.xml"); - - /** - * {@link Logger} of this class. - */ - private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologyManager.class); - - /** - * {@link OWLOntologyManager} that holds the managed ontology. - */ - private final OWLOntologyManager ontologyManager = OWLManager.createConcurrentOWLOntologyManager(); - - @Autowired - public OntologyManager(final OntologyConfig config) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { - loadCatalog(config.directory()); - loadOntologies(config.directory()); - } - - @SuppressWarnings("OverlyBroadThrowsClause") - private void loadCatalog(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws IOException { - final OWLOntologyIRIMapper xmlCatalogIriMapper = new XMLCatalogIRIMapper( - ontologyDirectory.resolve(XML_CATALOG_PATH).toFile()); - ontologyManager.getIRIMappers().add(xmlCatalogIriMapper); - } - - private void loadOntologies(final Path ontologyDirectory) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException { - // traverse all .owl files and load the ontologies - try (final DirectoryStream stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(ontologyDirectory, "*.{owl}")) { - for (final Path entry : stream) { - loadOntology(entry.toFile()); - } - } catch (final DirectoryIteratorException ex) { - // I/O error encountered during the iteration, the cause is an IOException - throw ex.getCause(); - } - } - - private void loadOntology(final File ontologyFile) throws OWLOntologyCreationException { - try { - LOGGER.info("Loading '{}'", ontologyFile.getName()); - ontologyManager.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(ontologyFile); - LOGGER.info("Loaded '{}'", ontologyFile.getName()); - } catch (final OWLOntologyAlreadyExistsException e) { - LOGGER.info("Skipping '{}' (already loaded)", ontologyFile.getName()); - // was already imported via any other file; do nothing - } - } - - public OWLOntologyManager getOntologyManager() { - return ontologyManager; - } -} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java deleted file mode 100644 index a901b34d..00000000 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java +++ /dev/null @@ -1,36 +0,0 @@ -package main; - -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; -import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyStorageException; -import org.slf4j.Logger; -import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; -import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; -import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; -import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; - -import javax.annotation.Priority; - -@Component -@Priority(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1) -public class OntologySaver implements CommandLineRunner { - - /** - * {@link Logger} of this class. - */ - private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologySaver.class); - private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; - - @Autowired - public OntologySaver(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { - this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; - } - - @Override - public void run(final String... args) throws OWLOntologyStorageException { - for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { - LOGGER.info("Saving {}", ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().map(Object::toString) - .orElseGet(() -> "unnamed ontology")); - ontology.saveOntology(); - } - } -} From 70e4e2b68340fdef77ea77083f83c1c35efb9a10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 15:05:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 30/92] host all subontologies on the website --- .github/workflows/deployment.yml | 17 ++++++++++------- prolog/uglify.pl | 2 +- scripts/uglify_ease_as_owl.py | 2 +- 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml index 3bdffadb..13c034c7 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml @@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ jobs: with: fetch-depth: 1 + - name: Create directory for owl files + run: mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current + - name: Compile current if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') != true uses: docker://swipl:8.0.3 @@ -46,13 +49,13 @@ jobs: uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 with: name: SOMA Ontology - path: ./build/SOMA.owl + path: ./build/owl/current/SOMA.owl - name: Upload SOMA-HOME uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 with: name: SOMA-HOME Ontology - path: ./build/SOMA-HOME.owl + path: ./build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl - name: Upload DUL uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 @@ -60,11 +63,11 @@ jobs: name: DUL Ontology path: ./owl/DUL.owl - - name: Copy DUL - run: sudo cp ./owl/DUL.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/DUL.owl + - name: Copy all OWL files to be deployed + run: sudo cp -n ./owl/*.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current - name: Metrics - run: sudo ./scripts/OntoMetrics.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/SOMA.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build + run: sudo ./scripts/OntoMetrics.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current/SOMA.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build - name: Upload Metrics uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 @@ -87,7 +90,7 @@ jobs: ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} BRANCH: gh-pages FOLDER: build - TARGET_FOLDER: owl/current + TARGET_FOLDER: / - name: Deploy tag uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 @@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ jobs: with: ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} BRANCH: gh-pages - FOLDER: build + FOLDER: build/owl/current/ TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ github.event.release.tag_name }} #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\// }} #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/ }} diff --git a/prolog/uglify.pl b/prolog/uglify.pl index 91e08b53..320270cb 100644 --- a/prolog/uglify.pl +++ b/prolog/uglify.pl @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ ease_load(GlobalPath,ease) )), %%% - atomic_list_concat([Basepath, '/build'], BUILD_Path), + atomic_list_concat([Basepath, '/build/owl/current'], BUILD_Path), ( exists_directory(BUILD_Path) -> true ; make_directory(BUILD_Path) diff --git a/scripts/uglify_ease_as_owl.py b/scripts/uglify_ease_as_owl.py index f1b07d75..2ad56e02 100644 --- a/scripts/uglify_ease_as_owl.py +++ b/scripts/uglify_ease_as_owl.py @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ def convert(): owl_file_names = ['SOMA.owl', 'SOMA-HOME.owl'] for owl_file_name in owl_file_names: - ease_ugly = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'build' / owl_file_name + ease_ugly = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'build/owl/current' / owl_file_name if not ease_ugly.exists(): print('Generating rdf') command = 'swipl -f prolog/uglify.pl -t uglify'.split() From 0f0129adb98925f2ebea773e29ef60c639163ab2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 15:42:23 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 31/92] moved other files to files subdirectory --- .github/workflows/deployment.yml | 23 +++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml index 13c034c7..69b5c4e5 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml @@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ jobs: fetch-depth: 1 - name: Create directory for owl files - run: mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current + run: | + mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current && + mkdir mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files - name: Compile current if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') != true @@ -67,13 +69,13 @@ jobs: run: sudo cp -n ./owl/*.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current - name: Metrics - run: sudo ./scripts/OntoMetrics.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current/SOMA.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build + run: sudo ./scripts/OntoMetrics.sh $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current/SOMA.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files - name: Upload Metrics uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 with: name: Metrics - path: ./build/metrics.json + path: ./build/files/metrics.json - name: Compile NEEM Handbook uses: docker://blang/latex:ubuntu @@ -81,16 +83,25 @@ jobs: args: make -f ./docs/NEEM-handbook/Makefile - name: Copy NEEM Handbook - run: sudo cp $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/docs/NEEM-handbook/main.pdf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/NEEM-Handbook.pdf + run: sudo cp $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/docs/NEEM-handbook/main.pdf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files/NEEM-Handbook.pdf + - name: Deploy files + uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 + if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' + with: + ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} + BRANCH: gh-pages + FOLDER: build/files + TARGET_FOLDER: /files + - name: Deploy current uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' with: ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} BRANCH: gh-pages - FOLDER: build - TARGET_FOLDER: / + FOLDER: build/owl/current/ + TARGET_FOLDER: /owl/current - name: Deploy tag uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 From 07066bf82635c8d372c21ab10b0b65672f4f7f99 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 15:59:55 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 32/92] fixed evaluation --- .github/workflows/deployment.yml | 2 +- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 22 ++++++++++++++++------ 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml index 69b5c4e5..9dd4a817 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs: with: fetch-depth: 1 - - name: Create directory for owl files + - name: Create directories run: | mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current && mkdir mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index 24aad9af..72fac9b1 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ jobs: with: fetch-depth: 1 + - name: Create directories + run: | + mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current && + mkdir mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files + - name: Compile uses: docker://swipl:8.0.3 with: @@ -35,7 +40,7 @@ jobs: uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 with: name: SOMA OWL - path: ./build/SOMA-HOME.owl + path: ./build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl pitfalls: name: OOPS @@ -48,10 +53,15 @@ jobs: with: fetch-depth: 1 + - name: Create directories + run: | + mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current && + mkdir mkdir -p $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files + - uses: actions/download-artifact@v1 with: name: SOMA OWL - path: ./build + path: ./build/owl/current/ - name: Setup Python uses: actions/setup-python@v2 @@ -62,16 +72,16 @@ jobs: sudo pip install requests - name: Find pitfalls - run: sudo python ./scripts/oops.py $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/SOMA-HOME.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build + run: sudo python ./scripts/oops.py $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files - name: Generate annotations - run: sudo python ./scripts/oops-github.py $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/oops.xml + run: sudo python ./scripts/oops-github.py $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files/oops.xml - name: Upload pitfalls uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1 with: name: OOPS Results - path: ./build/oops.xml + path: ./build/files/oops.xml consistency: name: HermiT @@ -87,7 +97,7 @@ jobs: - uses: actions/download-artifact@v1 with: name: SOMA OWL - path: ./build + path: ./build/owl/current - name: Download DUL run: wget http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl -O ./build/DUL.owl From 4303bac6efa4ef55ec11299bfb620df034b8dc30 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?Daniel=20Be=C3=9Fler?= Date: Tue, 5 Jul 2022 11:53:29 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 33/92] Update uglify.pl --- prolog/uglify.pl | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/prolog/uglify.pl b/prolog/uglify.pl index 320270cb..e104c3c1 100644 --- a/prolog/uglify.pl +++ b/prolog/uglify.pl @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ rdf_assert(EASE_UGLY,rdf:type,owl:'Ontology',ease), % assert owl:versionInfo % TODO: assert more version information (e.g. a description, diff to last version, ..) - ( getenv('SOMA_VERSION', VersionString) + ( getenv('INPUT_SOMA_VERSION', VersionString) -> true ; VersionString=current ), From 2f0e6f4cc2364bc69585dae623afe4ffc4e57f8a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Tue, 5 Jul 2022 13:08:29 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 34/92] added versioned release of files --- .github/workflows/deployment.yml | 19 +++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml index 9dd4a817..b99e9d1f 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/deployment.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/deployment.yml @@ -85,16 +85,16 @@ jobs: - name: Copy NEEM Handbook run: sudo cp $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/docs/NEEM-handbook/main.pdf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build/files/NEEM-Handbook.pdf - - name: Deploy files + - name: Deploy files current uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' with: ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} BRANCH: gh-pages FOLDER: build/files - TARGET_FOLDER: /files + TARGET_FOLDER: /files/current - - name: Deploy current + - name: Deploy owl current uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' with: @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ jobs: FOLDER: build/owl/current/ TARGET_FOLDER: /owl/current - - name: Deploy tag + - name: Deploy owl tag uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') with: @@ -114,6 +114,17 @@ jobs: #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\// }} #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/ }} + - name: Deploy files tag + uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@releases/v3 + if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') + with: + ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN }} + BRANCH: gh-pages + FOLDER: build/files/ + TARGET_FOLDER: files/${{ github.event.release.tag_name }} + #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\// }} + #TARGET_FOLDER: owl/${{ GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/ }} + - name: Deploy failure if: failure() run: echo Deployment failed. If the other steps succeeded, maybe no ACCESS_TOKEN was set? From b2b4b551d203ea51dc8fae45a3e571ccebfc7cf5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 5 Jul 2022 15:59:23 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 35/92] Update README.md --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fd875d91..8373b0d5 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th ## Release Notes -### 2.0.0 +### Upcoming (expected version is 2.0.0) * BREAKING CHANGE: Removal of `IOLite`
    Details @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th * Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you get information why stuff might break!
    Details - The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl, now refers to the newest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release) + The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl, now refers to the latest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release), and is referred to "Upcoming" at the top!
    From 6596e7b6876379132976ee6bb48c1f5eec7e20eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 5 Jul 2022 16:02:33 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 36/92] Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8373b0d5..200ae6d1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th * Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you get information why stuff might break!
    Details - The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., INSERT_VERSION_IRI_EXAMPLE_HERE. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl, now refers to the latest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release), and is referred to "Upcoming" at the top! + The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/1.2.0/SOMA-STATE.owl. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl, now refers to the latest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release), and is referred to "Upcoming" at the top!
    From 7fac7d9634bfc22cef0c391aa6dd72687800c77d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Tue, 5 Jul 2022 17:55:00 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 37/92] added docker run call to konclude --- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 8 +++----- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index e26418b2..53d0a192 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -93,17 +93,15 @@ jobs: run: wget http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl -O ./build/DUL.owl - name: Konclude - uses: ./.github/actions/Konclude - with: - args: classification -i ./build/SOMA-HOME.owl -o ./konclude.output + run: docker run -v $PWD/build:/data --rm konclude/konclude classify -i /data/SOMA-HOME.owl -o /data/konclude.output - name: Print Konclude output - run: cat ./konclude.output + run: cat ./build/konclude.output if: always() - name: Evaluate Konclude output if: success() uses: docker://python:3.7.6-slim with: - args: python ./scripts/konclude_test.py -o ./owl/konclude.html ./konclude.output + args: python ./scripts/konclude_test.py -o ./owl/konclude.html ./build/konclude.output From 4afeb0adc4a80f5da905ffd1ac171faea6347219 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Wed, 13 Jul 2022 14:49:26 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 38/92] cutable disposition is renamed as cuttability --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 252 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 1 file changed, 137 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 71371d5f..9f58fe8c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ @@ -89,19 +90,6 @@ - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - is mass attribute of - - - - @@ -125,7 +113,7 @@ Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. has parent link - + @@ -198,7 +186,20 @@ Relates an object to its kinematic components. is link of + + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + is mass attribute of + + @@ -234,6 +235,7 @@ Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. is root link of + @@ -1068,6 +1070,7 @@ // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + @@ -1080,7 +1083,6 @@ A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. has force value - @@ -1177,7 +1179,7 @@ The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). has joint velocity limit - + @@ -1201,8 +1203,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has color value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. + has color value @@ -1225,8 +1227,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has file path Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. + has file path @@ -1249,8 +1251,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has hsv value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. + has hsv value @@ -1297,8 +1299,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has position data Associates a spatial region to a position. + has position data @@ -1309,8 +1311,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has rgb value Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. + has rgb value @@ -1333,8 +1335,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has reference frame Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. + has reference frame @@ -1347,10 +1349,10 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - + + - @@ -1365,8 +1367,8 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - has space parameter Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + has space parameter @@ -1391,6 +1393,21 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + + + + + + + + A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. + +There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. + Artificial agent + + + + @@ -1409,6 +1426,18 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to The disposition of an object (the tool) to cut other objects. Such as a knife has cutting ability to cut a cucumber into pieces. + + + + + + + + A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. + Continuous joint + + + @@ -1416,10 +1445,12 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to An object being cut down into pieces. + - - + + + @@ -1433,7 +1464,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - The disposition of an object (the barrier) which makes it able to be cut down (into pieces) usually by some other object with role as a Cutter. Such as a cucumber is cutable by a knife. + The disposition of an object (the barrier) which makes it able to be cut down (into pieces) usually by some other object with role as a Cutter. Such as a cucumber has cuttability disposition which can be cut by a knife. @@ -1444,37 +1475,6 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to A role to classify an object used to cut other objects. Usually should poses sharpness as a quality. Execptions are not considered in this context. Such as a wind, water, or other natural agents cutting(eroding) the rocks. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. - Functional part - - - - - - - - - A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. - Continuous joint - @@ -1496,6 +1496,16 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to + + + + + A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. + Floating joint + + + + @@ -1513,16 +1523,6 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - - - - - A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. - Floating joint - - - - @@ -1554,16 +1554,16 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to - - 1 - + + 1 + - - 1 - + + 1 + An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. @@ -1648,6 +1648,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to + @@ -1669,6 +1670,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to An object being poured into or onto some other object. + @@ -1685,7 +1687,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. Prismatic joint - + @@ -1702,6 +1704,7 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. Revolute joint + @@ -1725,17 +1728,6 @@ In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to An object being stored into some other object, usually inside a container. - - - - - - - A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. - -There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. - Artificial agent - @@ -1838,26 +1830,6 @@ The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to de A limb used to reach for objects. - - - - - A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. - - - - - - - - - - - - - A limb used for grasping objects. - - @@ -2579,6 +2551,21 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche + + + + + + + + + + + A limb used for grasping objects. + + + + @@ -2605,12 +2592,29 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche - - - - The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. + Functional part + + @@ -2621,6 +2625,15 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche + + + + + The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. + + + + @@ -2673,6 +2686,15 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche + + + + + A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. + + + + @@ -2997,8 +3019,8 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche - Physical effector A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. + Physical effector @@ -3638,5 +3660,5 @@ It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An e - + From 9bc50f75af6bc0adf6e822a5b3330ff87258b553 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Wed, 13 Jul 2022 15:02:29 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 39/92] storage dispostiion comment modified --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 9f58fe8c..e96dfc54 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@ There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they a - The disposition of an object (the container) to store other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. + The disposition of an object (the container) to store other objects. Storage of an object would facilitate several objectives; such as to store objects in a safe or usual place, to prevent the substances e.g. prevention of milk going bad by storing them in a refrigrator. From a23eb557982aea8dc76452803e6be398000c2c96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:23:11 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 40/92] Moved Designed Tool --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 10 ----- owl/SOMA.owl | 110 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 5152955c..af8b4be5 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -2208,16 +2208,6 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e - - - - - An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. - Designed tool - - - - diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 54998a95..5f01797b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ - - - @@ -401,6 +398,18 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject + + + + @@ -602,14 +611,13 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - + - - - - - - A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject + + + + + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. @@ -723,17 +731,6 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - - - - - - - A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. - - - - @@ -998,20 +995,6 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - - - - - An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. - - - - - - - - - @@ -1093,6 +1076,16 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of + + + + + An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. + Designed tool + + + + @@ -1160,6 +1153,15 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of + + + + + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + @@ -1176,6 +1178,8 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. + + @@ -1335,7 +1339,8 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. - + + @@ -1350,6 +1355,25 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom + + + + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. + +As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: + +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC + + +Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier + +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + + + + @@ -1423,20 +1447,6 @@ InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> - - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. - -As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: - -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ -InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC - - -Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier - -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - realizes self information From 48908a0ac5eee514123d9e09a8a0c12f1ca9ce14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:26:52 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 41/92] Added some missing labels to SOMA NEEM --- owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl index c366af63..c1ccb209 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. + Kino-dynamic data @@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. + Mesh-shape data @@ -60,6 +62,7 @@ An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. + Video data From 2e2b2263f1f865318bae9a2c60779ef6bf7f3115 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:28:21 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 42/92] Added missing labels to SOMA OBJ --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 5152955c..c58d568b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1025,6 +1025,7 @@ A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry. + transitions back @@ -1036,6 +1037,7 @@ A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking. + transitions from @@ -1047,6 +1049,7 @@ A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process. + transitions to From 151f88453c630494f8b221cb797849069f6cdb4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:30:58 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 43/92] Added missing lables to SOMA STATE and SOMA WF --- owl/SOMA-STATE.owl | 8 ++++++++ owl/SOMA-WF.owl | 7 +++++++ 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl index b1be6a8c..288f70c3 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl @@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object. + Containment state @@ -180,6 +181,7 @@ The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configur Classifies States in which some objects are in contact. + Contact state @@ -217,6 +219,7 @@ The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configur Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party. + Functional state @@ -238,6 +241,7 @@ Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, ob Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other. + Linkage state @@ -265,6 +269,7 @@ Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, ob Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task. + Physical accessibility @@ -286,6 +291,7 @@ Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, ob Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified. + Physical blockage @@ -360,6 +366,7 @@ Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction howev An EventType that classifies States. + State type @@ -390,6 +397,7 @@ Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction howev Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object. + Support state diff --git a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl index e963692f..45f583e0 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl @@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a fo Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds. + has binding @@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a fo Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property. + has binding filler @@ -162,6 +164,7 @@ Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings c Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow. + has binding role @@ -197,6 +200,7 @@ Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings c Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first. + has predecessor @@ -220,6 +224,7 @@ Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings c A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it. + has succedence @@ -231,6 +236,7 @@ Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings c Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last. + has successor @@ -249,6 +255,7 @@ Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings c A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time. + has task From b13544d1e970070bb15374d05ed11963a441a7d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:40:15 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 44/92] Update SOMA-SAY.owl --- owl/SOMA-SAY.owl | 85 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 63 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 2888ef03..101318d0 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ - + A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. is asked by @@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ - + - - + + @@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). + Assertion task @@ -223,6 +224,7 @@ A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being "He sneezed the napkin off the table." (Goldberg 1995) Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP. + Caused motion theory @@ -237,10 +239,10 @@ Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one - + - - + + @@ -253,6 +255,7 @@ Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action. + Command task @@ -266,6 +269,7 @@ Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one This is also known as FunctionalControlInternal in GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR. + Containment theory @@ -277,6 +281,7 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + Control theory @@ -310,6 +315,7 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient. + Covering theory @@ -331,6 +337,7 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object. + Cracking theory @@ -368,6 +375,7 @@ Developmental psychology posits that "object permanence" (the assumpti In SOMA, we represent this ability of a cognitive agent as an ability to generate and maintain ESTSchemaTheories. Each instance of such a theory refers to one particular physical object, the one that the instance of the ESTSchemaTheory asserts to exist. Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals. + EST schema theory @@ -390,6 +398,7 @@ asynchronous events" SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information. + Executable schematic theory @@ -413,21 +422,49 @@ They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + Functional spatial schema theory - + - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + - A task which is executed by a Locution action. + A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. + +When somebody says "Is there any salt?" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: "please give me some salt" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. + +Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act + Illocutionary act @@ -441,6 +478,7 @@ Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). Image schemas are considered as fundamental, pre-conceptual, building blocks of cognition. They were introduced to characterize how human beings are believed to organize and make sense of experience. For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent. + Image schema theory @@ -502,6 +540,7 @@ Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object. + Mixing theory @@ -529,6 +568,7 @@ Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location. + Placing theory @@ -558,14 +598,15 @@ As such, a theory, i.e. a description of what a particular kind of closeness mea Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR. + Proximal theory - + - - + + @@ -578,6 +619,7 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener. + Query task @@ -610,6 +652,7 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience. + Schematic theory @@ -641,6 +684,7 @@ Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic prod Note: in cognitive linguistics literature, the roles of this schema are Source, Path, Goal. However, to avoid overloading some other terminology in SOMA, we renamed Source to Origin and Goal to Destination. As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. + Source-path-goal theory @@ -694,16 +738,11 @@ As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. This is also known as FunctionalControlExternal in GUM (Bateman et al. 2010). Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR. + Support theory - - - - - - @@ -712,7 +751,9 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on - + + + From 88e131cc0b92d4c82f37d00cab7d10a3b09e59f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:49:52 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 45/92] Update SOMA-SAY.owl --- owl/SOMA-SAY.owl | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 101318d0..67bee35e 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -523,6 +523,28 @@ Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). + +We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action. + Locutionary action + + + + @@ -745,14 +767,16 @@ Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then on - + + + - + From 0a98a86efa6001b4f14efadc2c7d47a5f48a1240 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 13:50:12 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 46/92] Update SOMA-ACT.owl --- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 51 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index 3b0d9e89..9479fd2d 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. + is initial situation of @@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. + is terminal situation of @@ -130,6 +132,7 @@ A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest. + has required initial situation @@ -201,6 +204,7 @@ A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain. + Abductive reasoning @@ -230,6 +234,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location. + Area surveying @@ -257,6 +262,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration. + Assuming arm pose @@ -266,6 +272,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration. + Assuming pose @@ -294,6 +301,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose. + Checking object presence @@ -324,7 +332,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. + An action in which an Actor uses some actuator for communication purposes. Communication action @@ -335,6 +343,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs. + Communication report @@ -352,7 +361,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - + @@ -361,9 +370,10 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. + A Task in which two or more Actors exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Actors and Social objects as participants. Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. + Communication task @@ -431,6 +441,7 @@ For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the "specific" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y). + Deductive reasoning @@ -494,6 +505,7 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses. + End effector positioning @@ -539,6 +551,7 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task. + Get task parameter @@ -548,6 +561,7 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object. + Grasp transfer @@ -587,6 +601,7 @@ Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some prop A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the "general" (all swans are white). + Inductive resoning @@ -618,6 +633,7 @@ Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A i A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area. + Looking for @@ -696,6 +712,7 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition. + Mental task @@ -750,6 +767,7 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object. + Modifying physical object @@ -759,6 +777,7 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts. + Monitoring joint state @@ -807,6 +826,7 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment. + Parking arms @@ -829,6 +849,7 @@ One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Ag The prototypical example of PhysicalAcquiring is picking up an object. Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership. + Physical acquiring @@ -872,6 +893,7 @@ Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transf A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object. + Physical task @@ -977,6 +999,7 @@ Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transf A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves. + Pushing away @@ -986,6 +1009,7 @@ Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transf A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards. + Pushing down @@ -1085,6 +1109,7 @@ As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task. + Selecting item @@ -1094,6 +1119,7 @@ As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration. + Setting gripper @@ -1142,6 +1168,7 @@ Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the si A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer. + Think-aloud @@ -1277,7 +1304,10 @@ As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one - + + + Linguistic object + @@ -1346,6 +1376,23 @@ As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one + + + + transitions back + + + transitions from + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents. - - acts for - - - - - - - - - - - The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy - - acts through - - - - - - - - - - - - - A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. -It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals. - - associated with - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - characterizes - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'. - - classifies - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. -Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. - - conceptualizes - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description - - concretely expresses - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'. - - co-participates with - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - covers - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. - - defines - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'. - - defines role - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'. - - defines task - - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. - - describes - - - - - - - - - - - - The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. - - directly follows - - - - - - - - - - - The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. - - directly precedes - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. - - executes task - - - - - - - - - - - - A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +In fact, D&S provides an epistemological commitment to an ontology, independently from its foundational distinctions. A situation operationalizes that epistemology, and it is better not to put it under any foundational distinction (event, object, fluent, etc.), leaving to the designer whether to use descriptions as epistemological lenses, and so generating a situation, or not. +A consequence is that any entity, when 'framed' by (satisfying) a description, becomes a situation. We can still model entities as being in a situation's setting, and classified by a concept defined in a description.") + +Declaration(Class(:Abstract)) +Declaration(Class(:Action)) +Declaration(Class(:Agent)) +Declaration(Class(:Amount)) +Declaration(Class(:BiologicalObject)) +Declaration(Class(:ChemicalObject)) +Declaration(Class(:Classification)) +Declaration(Class(:Collection)) +Declaration(Class(:Collective)) +Declaration(Class(:CollectiveAgent)) +Declaration(Class(:Community)) +Declaration(Class(:Concept)) +Declaration(Class(:Configuration)) +Declaration(Class(:Contract)) +Declaration(Class(:Description)) +Declaration(Class(:Design)) +Declaration(Class(:DesignedArtifact)) +Declaration(Class(:DesignedSubstance)) +Declaration(Class(:Diagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(:Entity)) +Declaration(Class(:Event)) +Declaration(Class(:EventType)) +Declaration(Class(:FormalEntity)) +Declaration(Class(:FunctionalSubstance)) +Declaration(Class(:Goal)) +Declaration(Class(:Group)) +Declaration(Class(:InformationEntity)) +Declaration(Class(:InformationObject)) +Declaration(Class(:InformationRealization)) +Declaration(Class(:LocalConcept)) +Declaration(Class(:Method)) +Declaration(Class(:Narrative)) +Declaration(Class(:NaturalPerson)) +Declaration(Class(:Norm)) +Declaration(Class(:Object)) +Declaration(Class(:ObjectAggregate)) +Declaration(Class(:Organism)) +Declaration(Class(:Organization)) +Declaration(Class(:Parameter)) +Declaration(Class(:Parthood)) +Declaration(Class(:Pattern)) +Declaration(Class(:Person)) +Declaration(Class(:Personification)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalAgent)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalArtifact)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalBody)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalObject)) +Declaration(Class(:PhysicalPlace)) +Declaration(Class(:Place)) +Declaration(Class(:Plan)) +Declaration(Class(:PlanExecution)) +Declaration(Class(:Process)) +Declaration(Class(:Project)) +Declaration(Class(:Quality)) +Declaration(Class(:Region)) +Declaration(Class(:Relation)) +Declaration(Class(:Right)) +Declaration(Class(:Role)) +Declaration(Class(:Set)) +Declaration(Class(:Situation)) +Declaration(Class(:SocialAgent)) +Declaration(Class(:SocialObject)) +Declaration(Class(:SocialObjectAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(:SocialPerson)) +Declaration(Class(:SocialRelation)) +Declaration(Class(:SpaceRegion)) +Declaration(Class(:SpatioTemporalRegion)) +Declaration(Class(:Substance)) +Declaration(Class(:Task)) +Declaration(Class(:Theory)) +Declaration(Class(:TimeIndexedRelation)) +Declaration(Class(:TimeInterval)) +Declaration(Class(:Transition)) +Declaration(Class(:TypeCollection)) +Declaration(Class(:UnitOfMeasure)) +Declaration(Class(:Workflow)) +Declaration(Class(:WorkflowExecution)) +Declaration(Class(owl:Thing)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:actsFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:actsThrough)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:associatedWith)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:characterizes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:classifies)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:conceptualizes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:concretelyExpresses)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:coparticipatesWith)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:covers)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:defines)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:definesRole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:definesTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:describes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:directlyFollows)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:directlyPrecedes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:executesTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expands)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expresses)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expressesConcept)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:farFrom)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:follows)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasCommonBoundary)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasComponent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasConstituent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasConstraint)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasLocation)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasMember)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParameter)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPart)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParticipant)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPostcondition)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPrecondition)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasProperPart)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasQuality)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRegion)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasSetting)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasTimeInterval)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesAction)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesAgent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesEvent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesObject)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesPart)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesTime)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesWhole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:introduces)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:involvesAgent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAbout)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isActionIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAgentIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAgentInvolvedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isCharacterizedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isClassifiedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isComponentOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptExpressedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptUsedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptualizedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConcretelyExpressedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConstituentOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConstraintFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isCoveredBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isDescribedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isEventIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExecutedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExpandedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExpressedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isIntroducedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isLocationOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isMemberOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isObjectIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isObservableAt)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParameterFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParametrizedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPartOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParticipantIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPostconditionOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPreconditionOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPropertPartOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isQualityOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRealizedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isReferenceOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRegionFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRelatedToConcept)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRelatedToDescription)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRoleDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRoleOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSatisfiedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSettingFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSpecializedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSubordinatedTo)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSuperordinatedTo)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTaskDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTaskOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeIntervalOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeOfObservationOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isUnifiedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:nearTo)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:overlaps)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:parametrizes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:precedes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizesInformationAbout)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizesSelfInformation)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:sameSettingAs)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:satisfies)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:specializes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:unifies)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:usesConcept)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasDataValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasEventDate)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasIntervalDate)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasParameterDataValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasRegionDataValue)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(dc:creator)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(dc:date)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(rdfs:comment)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(rdfs:label)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(owl:versionInfo)) +Declaration(Datatype(xsd:dateTime)) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (acts for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :actsFor "The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :actsFor ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :actsFor "acts for"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:actsFor :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:actsFor :actsThrough) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:actsFor :Agent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:actsFor :SocialAgent) + +# Object Property: (acts through) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :actsThrough "The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :actsThrough ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :actsThrough "acts through"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:actsThrough :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:actsThrough :SocialAgent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:actsThrough :Agent) + +# Object Property: (associated with) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :associatedWith "A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. +It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :associatedWith ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :associatedWith "associated with"@en) +InverseObjectProperties(:associatedWith :associatedWith) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:associatedWith) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:associatedWith :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:associatedWith :Entity) + +# Object Property: (characterizes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :characterizes "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :characterizes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :characterizes "characterizes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:characterizes :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:characterizes :isCharacterizedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:characterizes :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:characterizes :Collection) + +# Object Property: (classifies) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :classifies "A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :classifies ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :classifies "classifies"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:classifies :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:classifies :isClassifiedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:classifies :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:classifies :Entity) + +# Object Property: (conceptualizes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :conceptualizes "A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. +Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :conceptualizes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :conceptualizes "conceptualizes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:conceptualizes :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:conceptualizes :isConceptualizedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:conceptualizes :Agent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:conceptualizes :SocialObject) + +# Object Property: (concretely expresses) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :concretelyExpresses "A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :concretelyExpresses ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :concretelyExpresses "concretely expresses"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:concretelyExpresses :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:concretelyExpresses :isConcretelyExpressedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:concretelyExpresses :InformationRealization) +ObjectPropertyRange(:concretelyExpresses :SocialObject) + +# Object Property: (co-participates with) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :coparticipatesWith "A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :coparticipatesWith ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :coparticipatesWith "co-participates with"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:coparticipatesWith :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:coparticipatesWith :coparticipatesWith) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:coparticipatesWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:coparticipatesWith :Object) +ObjectPropertyRange(:coparticipatesWith :Object) + +# Object Property: (covers) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :covers "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :covers ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :covers "covers"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:covers :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:covers :isCoveredBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:covers :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:covers :Collection) + +# Object Property: (defines) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :defines "A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :defines ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :defines "defines"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:defines :usesConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(:defines :isDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:defines :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:defines :Concept) + +# Object Property: (defines role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :definesRole "A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :definesRole ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :definesRole "defines role"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:definesRole :defines) +InverseObjectProperties(:definesRole :isRoleDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:definesRole :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:definesRole :Role) + +# Object Property: (defines task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :definesTask "A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :definesTask ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :definesTask "defines task"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:definesTask :defines) +InverseObjectProperties(:definesTask :isTaskDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:definesTask :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:definesTask :Task) + +# Object Property: (describes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :describes "The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :describes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :describes "describes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:describes :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:describes :isDescribedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:describes :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:describes :Entity) + +# Object Property: (directly follows) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :directlyFollows "The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :directlyFollows ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :directlyFollows "directly follows"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:directlyFollows :follows) +InverseObjectProperties(:directlyFollows :directlyPrecedes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:directlyFollows :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:directlyFollows :Entity) + +# Object Property: (directly precedes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :directlyPrecedes "The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :directlyPrecedes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :directlyPrecedes "directly precedes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:directlyPrecedes :precedes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:directlyPrecedes :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:directlyPrecedes :Entity) + +# Object Property: (executes task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :executesTask "A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :executesTask ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :executesTask "executes task"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:executesTask :isClassifiedBy) +InverseObjectProperties(:executesTask :isExecutedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:executesTask :Action) +ObjectPropertyRange(:executesTask :Task) + +# Object Property: (expands) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expands "A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). - - expands - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. - This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expands ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expands "expands"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:expands :isRelatedToDescription) +InverseObjectProperties(:expands :isExpandedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:expands :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:expands :Description) + +# Object Property: (expresses) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expresses "A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expresses "This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. For example, in all these cases, some aspect of meaning is involved: -- Beehive means "a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box." (Oxford dictionary) -- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 "beehive|hive" (WordNet) -- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' -- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' -- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' -- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' -- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' -- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' -- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' -- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) - -As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. -However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. -We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. - -In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). -Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. +- Beehive means \"a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.\" (Oxford dictionary) +- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 \"beehive|hive\" (WordNet) +- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' +- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' +- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' +- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' +- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' +- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' +- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' +- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) + +As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. +However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. +We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. + +In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). +Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. Still another approach is that of psychologists and cognitive scientists, which often assume that the meaning of an information object is a concept encoded in the mind or cognitive system of an agent. A radically different approach is taken by social scientists and semioticians, who usually assume that meanings of an information object are spread across the communication practices in which members of a community use that object. Another approach that tackles the distributed nature of meaning is assumed by geometrical models of semantics, which assume that the meaning of an InformationObject (e.g. a word) results from the set of informational contexts (e.g. within texts) in which that object is used similarly. -The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. -Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. +The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. +Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. -These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): +These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): (1) Informal meaning (as for linguistic or commonsense semantics: a distinction is assumed between (informal) meaning and reference; see isAbout for an alternative pattern on reference) - - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' - - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept + - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' + - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept - Relational meaning (as for frame semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Description - - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) - - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) + - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) + - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) - Distributional meaning (as for geometrical models of meaning). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isFormallyRepresentedIn some (geometrical) Region (e.g. a vector space) -(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) +(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) - Object-level formal meaning (as in the traditional first-order logic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor (in most cases) a Set; isGroundingFor is defined in the ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/IOLite.owl - Modal formal meaning (as in possible-world semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a Set, and which isPartOf some different instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a PossibleWorld -This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate. - - expresses - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses - - expresses concept - - - - - - - - - - - - - Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy. - - far from - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. -It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses. - - follows - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc. - - has common boundary - - - - - - - - - - - - - The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. - - ha componente - has component - - - - - - - - - - - - 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expresses ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expresses "expresses"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:expresses :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:expresses :isExpressedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:expresses :InformationObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:expresses :SocialObject) + +# Object Property: (expresses concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expressesConcept "A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term \"dog\" expresses the Concept \"dog\". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expressesConcept ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expressesConcept "expresses concept"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:expressesConcept :expresses) +InverseObjectProperties(:expressesConcept :isConceptExpressedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:expressesConcept :InformationObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:expressesConcept :Concept) + +# Object Property: (far from) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :farFrom "Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :farFrom ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :farFrom "far from"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:farFrom :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:farFrom :farFrom) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:farFrom) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:farFrom :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:farFrom :Entity) + +# Object Property: (follows) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :follows "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. +It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :follows ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :follows "follows"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:follows :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:follows :precedes) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:follows) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:follows :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:follows :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has common boundary) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasCommonBoundary "A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasCommonBoundary ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasCommonBoundary "has common boundary"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasCommonBoundary :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasCommonBoundary :hasCommonBoundary) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:hasCommonBoundary) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasCommonBoundary :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasCommonBoundary :Entity) + +# Object Property: (ha componente) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasComponent "The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasComponent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasComponent "ha componente"@it) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasComponent "has component"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasComponent :hasProperPart) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasComponent :isComponentOf) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(:hasComponent) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasComponent :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasComponent :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has constituent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasConstituent "'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. - - has constituent - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. - - has constraint - - - - - - - - - - - - A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion - - has location - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto). - - has member - - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. - - has parameter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasConstituent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasConstituent "has constituent"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasConstituent :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasConstituent :isConstituentOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasConstituent :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasConstituent :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has constraint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasConstraint "A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasConstraint ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasConstraint "has constraint"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasConstraint :isClassifiedBy) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasConstraint :isConstraintFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasConstraint :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasConstraint :Parameter) + +# Object Property: (has location) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasLocation "A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasLocation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasLocation "has location"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasLocation :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasLocation :isLocationOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasLocation :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasLocation :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has member) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasMember "A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasMember ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasMember "has member"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasMember :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasMember :isMemberOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasMember :Collection) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasMember :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParameter "A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParameter ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParameter "has parameter"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParameter :isRelatedToConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasParameter :isParameterFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParameter :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParameter :Parameter) + +# Object Property: (has part) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPart "A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. Parthood should assume the basic properties of mereology: transitivity, antisymmetry, and reflexivity (propert Parthood of course misses reflexivity). However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to adopt one of two patterns: @@ -627,1233 +633,832 @@ However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to 2) dropping the reflexivity axiom, and enforce asymmetry: in this case, we would prevent all symmetric usages, but we loose the possibility of enforcing reflexivity, which is commonsensical in parthood. In DUL, we adopt pattern #1 for partOf, and pattern #2 for properPartOf, which seems a good approximation: due to the lack of inheritance of property characteristics, each asymmetric hasPropertPart assertion would also be a reflexive hasPart assertion (reflexive reduction design pattern). -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc. - - has part - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. - - has participant - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'. - - has postcondition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'. - - has precondition - - - - - - - - - - - Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood. - has proper part - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. - - has quality - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'. - - has region - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'. - - has role - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning. - - has setting - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). - - has task - - - - - - - - - - - - The generic relation between events and time intervals. - - has time interval - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). - - includes action - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). - - includes agent - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). - - includes event - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). - - includes object - - - - - - - - - - includes part - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern. - - includes time - - - - - - - - - - includes whole - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. - - introduces - - - - - - - - - - - - Agent participation. - - involves agent - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPart ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPart "has part"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPart :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasPart :isPartOf) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:hasPart) +ReflexiveObjectProperty(:hasPart) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPart :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPart :Entity) + +# Object Property: (has participant) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParticipant "A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParticipant ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParticipant "has participant"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParticipant :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasParticipant :isParticipantIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParticipant :Event) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParticipant :Object) + +# Object Property: (has postcondition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPostcondition "Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPostcondition ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPostcondition "has postcondition"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPostcondition :directlyPrecedes) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasPostcondition :isPostconditionOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPostcondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPostcondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) + +# Object Property: (has precondition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPrecondition "Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPrecondition ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPrecondition "has precondition"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPrecondition :directlyFollows) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasPrecondition :isPreconditionOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPrecondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPrecondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) + +# Object Property: (has proper part) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasProperPart "Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasProperPart "has proper part"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasProperPart :hasPart) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasProperPart :isPropertPartOf) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:hasProperPart) + +# Object Property: (has quality) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasQuality "A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasQuality ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasQuality "has quality"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasQuality :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasQuality :isQualityOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasQuality :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasQuality :Quality) + +# Object Property: (has region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRegion "A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRegion ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRegion "has region"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRegion :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasRegion :isRegionFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRegion :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRegion :Region) + +# Object Property: (has role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRole "A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRole ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRole "has role"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRole :isClassifiedBy) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasRole :isRoleOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRole :Object) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRole :Role) + +# Object Property: (has setting) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasSetting "A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasSetting ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasSetting "has setting"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasSetting :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasSetting :isSettingFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasSetting :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasSetting :Situation) + +# Object Property: (has task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasTask "A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams').") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasTask ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasTask "has task"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasTask :isRelatedToConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasTask :isTaskOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasTask :Role) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasTask :Task) + +# Object Property: (has time interval) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasTimeInterval "The generic relation between events and time intervals."@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasTimeInterval ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasTimeInterval "has time interval"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasTimeInterval :hasRegion) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasTimeInterval :isTimeIntervalOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasTimeInterval :Event) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasTimeInterval :TimeInterval) + +# Object Property: (includes action) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesAction "A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesAction ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesAction "includes action"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesAction :includesEvent) +InverseObjectProperties(:includesAction :isActionIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesAction :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:includesAction :Action) + +# Object Property: (includes agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesAgent "A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesAgent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesAgent "includes agent"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesAgent :includesObject) +InverseObjectProperties(:includesAgent :isAgentIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesAgent :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:includesAgent :Agent) + +# Object Property: (includes event) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesEvent "A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesEvent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesEvent "includes event"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesEvent :isSettingFor) +InverseObjectProperties(:includesEvent :isEventIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesEvent :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:includesEvent :Event) + +# Object Property: (includes object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesObject "A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesObject "includes object"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesObject :isSettingFor) +InverseObjectProperties(:includesObject :isObjectIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesObject :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:includesObject :Object) + +# Object Property: (includes part) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesPart ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesPart "includes part"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesPart :isSettingFor) + +# Object Property: (includes time) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesTime "A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesTime ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesTime "includes time"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesTime :isSettingFor) +InverseObjectProperties(:includesTime :isTimeIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesTime :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:includesTime :TimeInterval) + +# Object Property: (includes whole) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesWhole ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesWhole "includes whole"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesWhole :isSettingFor) + +# Object Property: (introduces) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :introduces "A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :introduces ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :introduces "introduces"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:introduces :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:introduces :isIntroducedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:introduces :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:introduces :SocialAgent) + +# Object Property: (involves agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :involvesAgent "Agent participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :involvesAgent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :involvesAgent "involves agent"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:involvesAgent :hasParticipant) +InverseObjectProperties(:involvesAgent :isAgentInvolvedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:involvesAgent :Event) +ObjectPropertyRange(:involvesAgent :Agent) + +# Object Property: (is about) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isAbout "A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. A specific sentence may use common nouns with either a singular or plural reference, or it can even refer to all possible references (e.g. in a lexicographic definition): all those uses are kinds of aboutness. -The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). -If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class. - - is about - - - - - - - - - - - - is action included in - - - - - - - - - - - - is agent included in - - - - - - - - - - - Agent participation. - - is agent involved in - - - - - - - - - - - - is characterized by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'. - - is classified by - - - - - - - - - - - - The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. - - is component of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses - - is concept expressed by - - - - - - - - - - - - A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description - - is concept used in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'. - - is conceptualized by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description - - is concretely expressed by - - - - - - - - - - - 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). +If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAbout ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAbout "is about"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAbout :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isAbout :isReferenceOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAbout :InformationObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isAbout :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is action included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isActionIncludedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isActionIncludedIn "is action included in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isActionIncludedIn :isEventIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isActionIncludedIn :Action) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isActionIncludedIn :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is agent included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAgentIncludedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAgentIncludedIn "is agent included in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAgentIncludedIn :isObjectIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAgentIncludedIn :Agent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isAgentIncludedIn :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is agent involved in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isAgentInvolvedIn "Agent participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAgentInvolvedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAgentInvolvedIn "is agent involved in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAgentInvolvedIn :isParticipantIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAgentInvolvedIn :Agent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isAgentInvolvedIn :Event) + +# Object Property: (is characterized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isCharacterizedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isCharacterizedBy "is characterized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isCharacterizedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isCharacterizedBy :Collection) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isCharacterizedBy :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is classified by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isClassifiedBy "A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isClassifiedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isClassifiedBy "is classified by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isClassifiedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isClassifiedBy :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isClassifiedBy :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is component of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isComponentOf "The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isComponentOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isComponentOf "is component of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isComponentOf :isPropertPartOf) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(:isComponentOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isComponentOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isComponentOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is concept expressed by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptExpressedBy "A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term \"dog\" expresses the Concept \"dog\". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptExpressedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptExpressedBy "is concept expressed by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptExpressedBy :isExpressedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptExpressedBy :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptExpressedBy :InformationObject) + +# Object Property: (is concept used in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptUsedIn "A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptUsedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptUsedIn "is concept used in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptUsedIn :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isConceptUsedIn :usesConcept) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptUsedIn :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptUsedIn :Description) + +# Object Property: (is conceptualized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptualizedBy "A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptualizedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptualizedBy "is conceptualized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptualizedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptualizedBy :SocialObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptualizedBy :Agent) + +# Object Property: (is concretely expressed by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConcretelyExpressedBy "A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConcretelyExpressedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConcretelyExpressedBy "is concretely expressed by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :SocialObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :InformationRealization) + +# Object Property: (is constituent of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConstituentOf "'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. - - is constituent of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity - - is constraint for - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - is covered by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. - - is defined in - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. - - is described by - - - - - - - - - - - - is event included in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. - - is executed in - - - - - - - - - - - A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConstituentOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConstituentOf "is constituent of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConstituentOf :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConstituentOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConstituentOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is constraint for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConstraintFor "A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConstraintFor ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConstraintFor "is constraint for"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConstraintFor :classifies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConstraintFor :Parameter) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isConstraintFor :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is covered by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isCoveredBy "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isCoveredBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isCoveredBy "is covered by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isCoveredBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isCoveredBy :Collection) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isCoveredBy :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isDefinedIn "A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isDefinedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isDefinedIn "is defined in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isDefinedIn :isConceptUsedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isDefinedIn :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isDefinedIn :Description) + +# Object Property: (is described by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isDescribedBy "The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isDescribedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isDescribedBy "is described by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isDescribedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isDescribedBy :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isDescribedBy :Description) + +# Object Property: (is event included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isEventIncludedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isEventIncludedIn "is event included in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isEventIncludedIn :hasSetting) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isEventIncludedIn :Event) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isEventIncludedIn :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is executed in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExecutedIn "A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExecutedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExecutedIn "is executed in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExecutedIn :classifies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExecutedIn :Task) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isExecutedIn :Action) + +# Object Property: (is expanded in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExpandedIn "A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). - - is expanded in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). -For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. - - is expressed by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. - - is introduced by - - - - - - - - - - - A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion - - is location of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'. - - is member of - - - - - - - - - - - - is object included in - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExpandedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExpandedIn "is expanded in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExpandedIn :isRelatedToDescription) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExpandedIn :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isExpandedIn :Description) + +# Object Property: (is expressed by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExpressedBy "A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). +For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExpressedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExpressedBy "is expressed by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExpressedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExpressedBy :SocialObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isExpressedBy :InformationObject) + +# Object Property: (is introduced by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isIntroducedBy "A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isIntroducedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isIntroducedBy "is introduced by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isIntroducedBy :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isIntroducedBy :SocialAgent) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isIntroducedBy :Description) + +# Object Property: (is location of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isLocationOf "A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isLocationOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isLocationOf "is location of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isLocationOf :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isLocationOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isLocationOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is member of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isMemberOf "A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isMemberOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isMemberOf "is member of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isMemberOf :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isMemberOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isMemberOf :Collection) + +# Object Property: (is object included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isObjectIncludedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isObjectIncludedIn "is object included in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isObjectIncludedIn :hasSetting) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isObjectIncludedIn :Object) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isObjectIncludedIn :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is observable at) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isObservableAt "A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate - - is observable at - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. - - is parameter for - - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'. - - is parametrized by - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation. - - is part of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. - - is participant in - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'. - - is postcondition of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'. - - is precondition of - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - is propert part of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. - - is quality of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. - - is realized by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . -The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout. - - is reference of - - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. - - is reference of information realized by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'. - - is region for - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc. - - is related to concept - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any relation between descriptions. - - is related to description - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake. - - is role defined in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'. - - is role of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. - - is satisfied by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica. - - is setting for - - - - - - - - - - - - - A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. -E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role - - is specialized by - - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'. - - is subordinated to - - - - - - - - - - - - Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'. - - is superordinated to - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake. - - is task defined in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). - - is task of - - - - - - - - - - - - is time included in - - - - - - - - - - - The generic relation between time intervals and events. - - is time interval of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isObservableAt ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isObservableAt "is observable at"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isObservableAt :hasRegion) +InverseObjectProperties(:isObservableAt :isTimeOfObservationOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isObservableAt :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isObservableAt :TimeInterval) + +# Object Property: (is parameter for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParameterFor "A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParameterFor ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParameterFor "is parameter for"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParameterFor :isRelatedToConcept) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParameterFor :Parameter) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isParameterFor :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is parametrized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParametrizedBy "The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParametrizedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParametrizedBy "is parametrized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParametrizedBy :isClassifiedBy) +InverseObjectProperties(:isParametrizedBy :parametrizes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParametrizedBy :Region) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isParametrizedBy :Parameter) + +# Object Property: (is part of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPartOf "A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPartOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPartOf "is part of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPartOf :associatedWith) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:isPartOf) +ReflexiveObjectProperty(:isPartOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPartOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isPartOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is participant in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParticipantIn "A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParticipantIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParticipantIn "is participant in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParticipantIn :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParticipantIn :Object) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isParticipantIn :Event) + +# Object Property: (is postcondition of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPostconditionOf "Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPostconditionOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPostconditionOf "is postcondition of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPostconditionOf :directlyFollows) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPostconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isPostconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) + +# Object Property: (is precondition of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPreconditionOf "Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPreconditionOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPreconditionOf "is precondition of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPreconditionOf :directlyPrecedes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPreconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isPreconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) + +# Object Property: (is propert part of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPropertPartOf "http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPropertPartOf "is propert part of"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso :isPropertPartOf :hasProperPart) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPropertPartOf :isPartOf) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:isPropertPartOf) + +# Object Property: (is quality of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isQualityOf "A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isQualityOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isQualityOf "is quality of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isQualityOf :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isQualityOf :Quality) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isQualityOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is realized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRealizedBy "A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRealizedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRealizedBy "is realized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRealizedBy :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isRealizedBy :realizes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRealizedBy :InformationObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRealizedBy :InformationRealization) + +# Object Property: (is reference of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isReferenceOf "A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . +The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isReferenceOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isReferenceOf "is reference of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isReferenceOf :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isReferenceOf :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isReferenceOf :InformationObject) + +# Object Property: (is reference of information realized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy "The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy "is reference of information realized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :realizesInformationAbout) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :InformationRealization) + +# Object Property: (is region for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRegionFor "A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRegionFor ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRegionFor "is region for"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRegionFor :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRegionFor :Region) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRegionFor :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is related to concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRelatedToConcept "Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRelatedToConcept ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRelatedToConcept "is related to concept"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRelatedToConcept :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isRelatedToConcept :isRelatedToConcept) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:isRelatedToConcept) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRelatedToConcept :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRelatedToConcept :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is related to description) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRelatedToDescription "Any relation between descriptions.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRelatedToDescription ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRelatedToDescription "is related to description"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRelatedToDescription :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isRelatedToDescription :isRelatedToDescription) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:isRelatedToDescription) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRelatedToDescription :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRelatedToDescription :Description) + +# Object Property: (is role defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRoleDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRoleDefinedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRoleDefinedIn "is role defined in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRoleDefinedIn :isDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRoleDefinedIn :Role) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRoleDefinedIn :Description) + +# Object Property: (is role of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRoleOf "A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRoleOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRoleOf "is role of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRoleOf :classifies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRoleOf :Role) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRoleOf :Object) + +# Object Property: (is satisfied by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSatisfiedBy "A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSatisfiedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSatisfiedBy "is satisfied by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSatisfiedBy :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isSatisfiedBy :satisfies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSatisfiedBy :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isSatisfiedBy :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is setting for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSettingFor "A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSettingFor ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSettingFor "is setting for"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSettingFor :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSettingFor :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isSettingFor :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is specialized by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSpecializedBy "A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. +E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSpecializedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSpecializedBy "is specialized by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSpecializedBy :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isSpecializedBy :specializes) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:isSpecializedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSpecializedBy :SocialObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isSpecializedBy :SocialObject) + +# Object Property: (is subordinated to) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSubordinatedTo "Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSubordinatedTo ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSubordinatedTo "is subordinated to"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSubordinatedTo :directlyFollows) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSubordinatedTo :isRelatedToConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(:isSubordinatedTo :isSuperordinatedTo) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSubordinatedTo :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isSubordinatedTo :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is superordinated to) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSuperordinatedTo "Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSuperordinatedTo ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSuperordinatedTo "is superordinated to"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSuperordinatedTo :directlyPrecedes) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSuperordinatedTo :isRelatedToConcept) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSuperordinatedTo :Concept) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isSuperordinatedTo :Concept) + +# Object Property: (is task defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTaskDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTaskDefinedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTaskDefinedIn "is task defined in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTaskDefinedIn :isDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTaskDefinedIn :Task) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTaskDefinedIn :Description) + +# Object Property: (is task of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTaskOf "A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams').") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTaskOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTaskOf "is task of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTaskOf :isRelatedToConcept) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTaskOf :Task) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTaskOf :Role) + +# Object Property: (is time included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeIncludedIn ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeIncludedIn "is time included in"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeIncludedIn :hasSetting) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeIncludedIn :TimeInterval) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeIncludedIn :Situation) + +# Object Property: (is time interval of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTimeIntervalOf "The generic relation between time intervals and events."@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeIntervalOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeIntervalOf "is time interval of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeIntervalOf :isRegionFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeIntervalOf :TimeInterval) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeIntervalOf :Event) + +# Object Property: (is time of observation of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTimeOfObservationOf "A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate - - is time of observation of - - - - - - - - - - - - A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. - - is unified by - - - - - - - - - - - - - Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics. - - near to - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc. - - overlaps - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. -For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue - - parametrizes - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeOfObservationOf ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeOfObservationOf "is time of observation of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeOfObservationOf :isRegionFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeOfObservationOf :TimeInterval) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeOfObservationOf :Entity) + +# Object Property: (is unified by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isUnifiedBy "A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isUnifiedBy ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isUnifiedBy "is unified by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isUnifiedBy :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:isUnifiedBy :unifies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isUnifiedBy :Collection) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isUnifiedBy :Description) + +# Object Property: (near to) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :nearTo "Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :nearTo ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :nearTo "near to"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:nearTo :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:nearTo :nearTo) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:nearTo) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:nearTo :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:nearTo :Entity) + +# Object Property: (overlaps) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :overlaps "A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :overlaps ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :overlaps "overlaps"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:overlaps :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:overlaps :overlaps) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:overlaps) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:overlaps :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:overlaps :Entity) + +# Object Property: (parametrizes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :parametrizes "The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. +For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :parametrizes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :parametrizes "parametrizes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:parametrizes :classifies) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:parametrizes :Parameter) +ObjectPropertyRange(:parametrizes :Region) + +# Object Property: (precedes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :precedes "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. -Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses. - - precedes - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. - - realizes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. - - realizes information about - - - - - - - - - This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About. - - realizes self-information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom). - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - is in the same setting as - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. - - satisfies - - - - - - - - - - - - A partial order relation that holds between social objects. +Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :precedes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :precedes "precedes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:precedes :associatedWith) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:precedes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:precedes :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:precedes :Entity) + +# Object Property: (realizes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizes "A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizes "realizes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizes :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:realizes :InformationRealization) +ObjectPropertyRange(:realizes :InformationObject) + +# Object Property: (realizes information about) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizesInformationAbout "The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizesInformationAbout ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizesInformationAbout "realizes information about"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizesInformationAbout :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:realizesInformationAbout :InformationRealization) +ObjectPropertyRange(:realizesInformationAbout :Entity) + +# Object Property: (realizes self information) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizesSelfInformation "This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizesSelfInformation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizesSelfInformation "realizes self-information"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizesSelfInformation :realizesInformationAbout) + +# Object Property: (is in the same setting as) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :sameSettingAs "A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom)."@it) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :sameSettingAs "http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :sameSettingAs "is in the same setting as"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:sameSettingAs :associatedWith) +InverseObjectProperties(:sameSettingAs :sameSettingAs) +SymmetricObjectProperty(:sameSettingAs) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:sameSettingAs :Entity) +ObjectPropertyRange(:sameSettingAs :Entity) + +# Object Property: (satisfies) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :satisfies "A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :satisfies ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :satisfies "satisfies"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:satisfies :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:satisfies :Situation) +ObjectPropertyRange(:satisfies :Description) + +# Object Property: (specializes) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :specializes "A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It mainly represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept or Description and another Concept (resp. Description) that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrower in intensional interpretation. For example, the role PhDStudent specializes the role Student. -Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection. - - specializes - - - - - - - - - - - A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. - - unifies - - - +Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :specializes ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :specializes "specializes"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:specializes :associatedWith) +TransitiveObjectProperty(:specializes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:specializes :SocialObject) +ObjectPropertyRange(:specializes :SocialObject) - +# Object Property: (unifies) - - - - - A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL. - - uses concept - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :unifies "A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :unifies ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :unifies "unifies"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:unifies :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:unifies :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:unifies :Collection) +# Object Property: (uses concept) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :usesConcept "A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :usesConcept ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :usesConcept "uses concept"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(:usesConcept :associatedWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:usesConcept :Description) +ObjectPropertyRange(:usesConcept :Concept) - +############################ +# Data Properties +############################ - +# Data Property: (has data value) - - - A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasDataValue "A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): 1) Directly assert an xsd:_ value to an Entity by using hasDataValue @@ -1865,436 +1470,245 @@ There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): The five approaches obey different requirements. For example, a simple value can be easily asserted by using pattern (1), but if one needs to assert an interval between two values, a Region should be introduced to materialize that interval, as pattern (2) suggests. Furthermore, if one needs to distinguish the individual Quality of a value, e.g. the particular nature of the density of a substance, pattern (3) can be used. -Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world. - - has data value - - - - - - - - - - - A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. - - has event date - - - - - - - - - - - A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. - - has interval date - - - - - - - - - - Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. -More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. -Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'. - - has parameter data value - - - - - - - - - - A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height. - - has region data value - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc. - - Abstract - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc. - - Action - - - - - - - - - Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl. - Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community). - - Agent - - - - - - - - - - - - A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc. - - Amount - - - - - - - - - - Biological object - - - - - - - - - - Chemical object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. -In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s. - - Time-indexed classification - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. "stone objects", "the nurses", "the Louvre Aegyptian collection", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. +Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasDataValue ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasDataValue "has data value"@en) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasDataValue :Entity) + +# Data Property: (has event date) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasEventDate "A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasEventDate ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasEventDate "has event date"@en) +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasEventDate :hasDataValue) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasEventDate :Event) +DataPropertyRange(:hasEventDate xsd:dateTime) + +# Data Property: (has interval date) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasIntervalDate "A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasIntervalDate ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasIntervalDate "has interval date"@en) +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasIntervalDate :hasRegionDataValue) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasIntervalDate :TimeInterval) +DataPropertyRange(:hasIntervalDate xsd:dateTime) + +# Data Property: (has parameter data value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParameterDataValue "Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. +More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. +Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParameterDataValue ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParameterDataValue "has parameter data value"@en) +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasParameterDataValue :hasDataValue) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasParameterDataValue :Parameter) + +# Data Property: (has region data value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRegionDataValue "A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRegionDataValue ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRegionDataValue "has region data value"@en) +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasRegionDataValue :hasDataValue) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasRegionDataValue :Region) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: (Abstract) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Abstract "Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Abstract ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Abstract "Abstract"@en) +SubClassOf(:Abstract :Entity) +DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Event) +DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Object) +DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Quality) + +# Class: (Action) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Action "An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Action ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Action "Action"@en) +SubClassOf(:Action :Event) +SubClassOf(:Action ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasParticipant :Agent)) +SubClassOf(:Action ObjectMinCardinality(1 :executesTask)) + +# Class: (Agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Agent "Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Agent "Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Agent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Agent "Agent"@en) +SubClassOf(:Agent :Object) + +# Class: (Amount) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Amount "A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Amount ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Amount "Amount"@en) +SubClassOf(:Amount :Region) +DisjointClasses(:Amount :PhysicalAttribute) +DisjointClasses(:Amount :SpaceRegion) +DisjointClasses(:Amount :TimeInterval) + +# Class: (Biological object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :BiologicalObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :BiologicalObject "Biological object"@en) +SubClassOf(:BiologicalObject :PhysicalBody) + +# Class: (Chemical object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :ChemicalObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ChemicalObject "Chemical object"@en) +SubClassOf(:ChemicalObject :PhysicalBody) + +# Class: (Time-indexed classification) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Classification "A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. +In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Classification ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Classification "Time-indexed classification"@en) +SubClassOf(:Classification :TimeIndexedRelation) +SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Concept)) +SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Entity)) +SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :TimeInterval)) + +# Class: (Collection) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Collection "Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. \"stone objects\", \"the nurses\", \"the Louvre Aegyptian collection\", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. A collection is not a logical class: a collection is a first-order entity, while a class is second-order. -A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class). - - Collection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. "the nurses", "the Italian rockabilly fans". -Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range. - - Collective - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. -For example, in sociology, a 'group action' is the situation in which a number of people (that result to be members of a collective) in a given area behave in a coordinated way in order to achieve a (often common) goal. The Agent in such a Situation is not single, but a CollectiveAgent (a Group). This can be generalized to the notion of social movement, which assumes a large Community or even the entire Society as agents. -The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them. - - Collective agent - - - - - - - - - - Community - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. -The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval - - Concept - - - - - - - - - A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. +A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Collection ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Collection "Collection"@en) +SubClassOf(:Collection :SocialObject) +SubClassOf(:Collection ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Collection)) + +# Class: (Collective) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Collective "A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. \"the nurses\", \"the Italian rockabilly fans\". +Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Collective ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Collective "Collective"@en) +SubClassOf(:Collective :Collection) +SubClassOf(:Collective ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasMember :Agent)) + +# Class: (Collective agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CollectiveAgent "A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. +For example, in sociology, a 'group action' is the situation in which a number of people (that result to be members of a collective) in a given area behave in a coordinated way in order to achieve a (often common) goal. The Agent in such a Situation is not single, but a CollectiveAgent (a Group). This can be generalized to the notion of social movement, which assumes a large Community or even the entire Society as agents. +The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :CollectiveAgent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :CollectiveAgent "Collective agent"@en) +SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent :SocialAgent) +SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:actsThrough :Agent)) +SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isIntroducedBy :Description)) + +# Class: (Community) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Community ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Community "Community"@en) +SubClassOf(:Community :CollectiveAgent) + +# Class: (Concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Concept "A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. +The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Concept ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Concept "Concept"@en) +SubClassOf(:Concept :SocialObject) +SubClassOf(:Concept ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDefinedIn :Description)) +SubClassOf(:Concept ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Concept)) +DisjointClasses(:Concept :InformationObject) +DisjointClasses(:Concept :Situation) +DisjointClasses(:Concept :SocialAgent) + +# Class: (Configuration) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Configuration "A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. Typically, a configuration is the collection that emerges out of a composed entity: an industrial artifact, a plan, a discourse, etc. -E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration. - - Configuration - - +E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Configuration ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Configuration "Configuration"@en) +SubClassOf(:Configuration :Collection) +# Class: (Contract) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Contract "(The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Contract ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Contract "Contract"@en) +SubClassOf(:Contract :Description) - - - (The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed). - - Contract - - +# Class: (Description) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Description "A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. +It can be thought also as a 'descriptive context' that uses or defines concepts in order to create a view on a 'relational context' (cf. Situation) out of a set of data or observations. +For example, a Plan is a Description of some actions to be executed by agents in a certain way, with certain parameters; a Diagnosis is a Description that provides an interpretation for a set of observed entities, etc. +Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Description ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Description "Description"@en) +SubClassOf(:Description :SocialObject) +DisjointClasses(:Description :InformationObject) +DisjointClasses(:Description :Situation) +DisjointClasses(:Description :SocialAgent) - +# Class: (Design) - - - - - - A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. -It can be thought also as a 'descriptive context' that uses or defines concepts in order to create a view on a 'relational context' (cf. Situation) out of a set of data or observations. -For example, a Plan is a Description of some actions to be executed by agents in a certain way, with certain parameters; a Diagnosis is a Description that provides an interpretation for a set of observed entities, etc. -Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations. - - Description - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Design "A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. +A design is usually accompanied by the rationales behind the construction of the designed Entity (i.e. of the reasons why a design is claimed to be as such). For example, the actual design (a Situation) of a car or of a law is based on both the specification (a Description) of the structure, and the rationales used to construct cars or laws. +While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Design ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Design "Design"@en) +SubClassOf(:Design :Description) +# Class: (Designed artifact) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DesignedArtifact "A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :DesignedArtifact ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :DesignedArtifact "Designed artifact"@en) +SubClassOf(:DesignedArtifact :PhysicalArtifact) +SubClassOf(:DesignedArtifact ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Design)) - - - A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. -A design is usually accompanied by the rationales behind the construction of the designed Entity (i.e. of the reasons why a design is claimed to be as such). For example, the actual design (a Situation) of a car or of a law is based on both the specification (a Description) of the structure, and the rationales used to construct cars or laws. -While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design. - - Design - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc. - - Designed artifact - - - - - - - - - - - Designed substance - - - - - - - - - A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown). - - Diagnosis - - - - - - - - Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose. - - Entity - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. - -More theoretically, events can be classified in different ways, possibly based on 'aspect' (e.g. stative, continuous, accomplishement, achievement, etc.), on 'agentivity' (e.g. intentional, natural, etc.), or on 'typical participants' (e.g. human, physical, abstract, food, etc.). +# Class: (Designed substance) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :DesignedSubstance ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :DesignedSubstance "Designed substance"@en) +SubClassOf(:DesignedSubstance :DesignedArtifact) +SubClassOf(:DesignedSubstance :FunctionalSubstance) + +# Class: (Diagnosis) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Diagnosis "A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Diagnosis ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Diagnosis "Diagnosis"@en) +SubClassOf(:Diagnosis :Description) + +# Class: (Entity) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Entity "Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Entity ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Entity "Entity"@en) + +# Class: (Event) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Event "Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. + +More theoretically, events can be classified in different ways, possibly based on 'aspect' (e.g. stative, continuous, accomplishement, achievement, etc.), on 'agentivity' (e.g. intentional, natural, etc.), or on 'typical participants' (e.g. human, physical, abstract, food, etc.). Here no special direction is taken, and the following explains why: events are related to observable situations, and they can have different views at a same time. If a position has to be suggested here anyway, the participant-based classification of events seems the most stable and appropriate for many modelling problems. (1) Alternative aspectual views -Consider a same event 'rock erosion in the Sinni valley': it can be conceptualized as an accomplishment (what has brought a certain state to occur), as an achievement (the state resulting from a previous accomplishment), as a punctual event (if we collapse the time interval of the erosion into a time point), or as a transition (something that has changed from a state to a different one). +Consider a same event 'rock erosion in the Sinni valley': it can be conceptualized as an accomplishment (what has brought a certain state to occur), as an achievement (the state resulting from a previous accomplishment), as a punctual event (if we collapse the time interval of the erosion into a time point), or as a transition (something that has changed from a state to a different one). In the erosion case, we could therefore have good motivations to shift from one aspect to another: a) causation focus, b) effectual focus, c) historical condensation, d) transition (causality). The different views refer to the same event, but are still different: how to live with this seeming paradox? -A typical solution e.g. in linguistics (cf. Levin's aspectual classes) and in DOLCE Full (cf. WonderWeb D18 axiomatization) is to classify events based on aspectual differences. But this solution would create different identities for a same event, where the difference is only based on the modeller's attitude. -An alternative solution is suggested here, and exploits the notion of (observable) Situation; a Situation is a view, consistent with a Description, which can be observed of a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame'. Therefore, a Situation allows to create a context where each particular view can have a proper identity, while the Event preserves its own identity. -For example, ErosionAsAccomplishment is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as a process leading to a certain achievement: the conditions (roles, parameters) that suggest such view are stated in a Description, which acts as a 'theory of accomplishments'. Similarly, ErosionAsTransition is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as an event that has changed a state to another: the conditions for such interpretation are stated in a different Description, which acts as a 'theory of state transitions'. +A typical solution e.g. in linguistics (cf. Levin's aspectual classes) and in DOLCE Full (cf. WonderWeb D18 axiomatization) is to classify events based on aspectual differences. But this solution would create different identities for a same event, where the difference is only based on the modeller's attitude. +An alternative solution is suggested here, and exploits the notion of (observable) Situation; a Situation is a view, consistent with a Description, which can be observed of a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame'. Therefore, a Situation allows to create a context where each particular view can have a proper identity, while the Event preserves its own identity. +For example, ErosionAsAccomplishment is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as a process leading to a certain achievement: the conditions (roles, parameters) that suggest such view are stated in a Description, which acts as a 'theory of accomplishments'. Similarly, ErosionAsTransition is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as an event that has changed a state to another: the conditions for such interpretation are stated in a different Description, which acts as a 'theory of state transitions'. Consider that in no case the actual event is changed or enriched in parts by the aspectual view. (2) Alternative intentionality views @@ -2302,1116 +1716,546 @@ Consider that in no case the actual event is changed or enriched in parts by the Similarly to aspectual views, several intentionality views can be provided for a same Event. For example, one can investigate if an avalanche has been caused by immediate natural forces, or if there is any hint of an intentional effort to activate those natural forces. Also in this case, the Event as such has not different identities, while the causal analysis generates situations with different identities, according to what Description is taken for interpreting the Event. On the other hand, if the possible actions of an Agent causing the starting of an avalanche are taken as parts of the Event, then this makes its identity change, because we are adding a part to it. -Therefore, if intentionality is a criterion to classify events or not, this depends on if an ontology designer wants to consider causality as a relevant dimension for events' identity. +Therefore, if intentionality is a criterion to classify events or not, this depends on if an ontology designer wants to consider causality as a relevant dimension for events' identity. (3) Alternative participant views A slightly different case is when we consider the basic participants to an Event. In this case, the identity of the Event is affected by the participating objects, because it depends on them. For example, if snow, mountain slopes, wind, waves, etc. are considered as an avalanche basic participants, or if we also want to add water, human agents, etc., that makes the identity of an avalanche change. -Anyway, this approach to event classification is based on the designer's choices, and more accurately mirrors lexical or commonsense classifications (see. e.g. WordNet 'supersenses' for verb synsets). +Anyway, this approach to event classification is based on the designer's choices, and more accurately mirrors lexical or commonsense classifications (see. e.g. WordNet 'supersenses' for verb synsets). -Ultimately, this discussion has no end, because realists will keep defending the idea that events in reality are not changed by the way we describe them, while constructivists will keep defending the idea that, whatever 'true reality' is about, it can't be modelled without the theoretical burden of how we observe and describe it. +Ultimately, this discussion has no end, because realists will keep defending the idea that events in reality are not changed by the way we describe them, while constructivists will keep defending the idea that, whatever 'true reality' is about, it can't be modelled without the theoretical burden of how we observe and describe it. Both positions are in principle valid, but, if taken too radically, they focus on issues that are only partly relevant to the aim of computational ontologies, which assist domain experts in representing a certain portion of reality according to their own assumptions and requirements. -For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer. - - Event - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in) - - Event type - - - - - - - - - Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. +For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Event ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Event "Event"@en) +SubClassOf(:Event :Entity) +SubClassOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasParticipant :Object)) +SubClassOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasTimeInterval :TimeInterval)) +SubClassOf(:Event ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Event)) +SubClassOf(:Event ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Event)) +DisjointClasses(:Event :Object) +DisjointClasses(:Event :Quality) + +# Class: (Event type) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :EventType "A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in)") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :EventType ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :EventType "Event type"@en) +SubClassOf(:EventType :Concept) +SubClassOf(:EventType ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Event)) +DisjointClasses(:EventType :Parameter) +DisjointClasses(:EventType :Role) + +# Class: (Formal entity) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FormalEntity "Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. Mathematical and logical entities are included in this class: sets, categories, tuples, costants, variables, etc. Abstract formal entities are distinguished from information objects, which are supposed to be part of a social context, and are localized in space and time, therefore being (social) objects. -For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract formal entity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is an InformationObject from the viewpoint of ontology design, when e.g. implemented in a logical language like OWL. +For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract formal entity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is an InformationObject from the viewpoint of ontology design, when e.g. implemented in a logical language like OWL. Abstract formal entities are also distinguished from Concept(s), Collection(s), and Description(s), which are part of a social context, therefore being SocialObject(s) as well. -For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract FormalEntity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is a Concept within history of science and cultural dynamics. - -These distinctions allow to represent two different notions of 'semantics': the first one is abstract and formal ('formal semantics'), and formallyInterprets symbols that are about entities whatsoever; for example, the term 'Quark' isAbout the Collection of all quarks, and that Collection isFormalGroundingFor the abstract class 'Quark' (in the extensional sense). -The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'. - - Formal entity - - - - - - - - - - Functional substance - - - - - - - - - The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it - - Goal - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation . - - Group - - - - - - - - - A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. -In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.). - - Information Entity - - - - - - - - - - - A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized. - - Information object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - true - - - A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. - -The realization of an information object also realizes information about itself. This is a special semiotic feature, which allows to avoid a traditonal paradox, by which an information is often supposed to be about itself besides other entities (e.g. the information object 'carpe diem' is about its meaning in Horace's Odes (let alone its fortune in Western culture and beyond), but also about its expression in context: 'dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero', with the sound and emotional relations that it could activate. -This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class. - - Information realization - - - - - - - - - A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. - - Local concept - - - - - - - - - A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. -It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans. - - Method - - - - - - - - - - Narrative - - - - - - - - - - A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?' - - Natural person - - - - - - - - - A social norm. - - Norm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located. - - Object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. -It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL. - - Object aggregate - - - - - - - - - - A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce. - - Organism - - - - - - - - - An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act. - - Organization - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads. - - Parameter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. -For example, if a Situation s 'finally, my bike has a luggage rack' isSettingFor the entity 'my bike' and the TimeIntervals 'now', or more specifically '29March2021', we need to have a time-index the part relation. With Parthood, we use includesWhole and includesPart properties. +For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract FormalEntity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is a Concept within history of science and cultural dynamics. + +These distinctions allow to represent two different notions of 'semantics': the first one is abstract and formal ('formal semantics'), and formallyInterprets symbols that are about entities whatsoever; for example, the term 'Quark' isAbout the Collection of all quarks, and that Collection isFormalGroundingFor the abstract class 'Quark' (in the extensional sense). +The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :FormalEntity ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FormalEntity "Formal entity"@en) +SubClassOf(:FormalEntity :Abstract) + +# Class: (Functional substance) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :FunctionalSubstance ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FunctionalSubstance "Functional substance"@en) +SubClassOf(:FunctionalSubstance :Substance) + +# Class: (Goal) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Goal "The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Goal ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Goal "Goal"@en) +SubClassOf(:Goal :Description) + +# Class: (Group) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Group "A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation .") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Group ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Group "Group"@en) +SubClassOf(:Group :CollectiveAgent) +SubClassOf(:Group ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Plan)) + +# Class: (Information Entity) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationEntity "A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. +In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationEntity ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationEntity "Information Entity"@en) +SubClassOf(:InformationEntity :Entity) + +# Class: (Information object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationObject "A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationObject "Information object"@en) +SubClassOf(:InformationObject :InformationEntity) +SubClassOf(:InformationObject :SocialObject) +DisjointClasses(:InformationObject :SocialAgent) + +# Class: (Information realization) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationRealization "A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. + +The realization of an information object also realizes information about itself. This is a special semiotic feature, which allows to avoid a traditonal paradox, by which an information is often supposed to be about itself besides other entities (e.g. the information object 'carpe diem' is about its meaning in Horace's Odes (let alone its fortune in Western culture and beyond), but also about its expression in context: 'dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero', with the sound and emotional relations that it could activate. +This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationRealization ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationRealization "Information realization"@en) +SubClassOf(:InformationRealization :InformationEntity) +SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectUnionOf(:Event :PhysicalObject :Quality)) +SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:realizes :InformationObject)) +SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectHasSelf(:realizesSelfInformation)) + +# Class: (Local concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :LocalConcept "A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :LocalConcept ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :LocalConcept "Local concept"@en) +SubClassOf(:LocalConcept :Concept) + +# Class: (Method) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Method "A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. +It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Method ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Method "Method"@en) +SubClassOf(:Method :Description) + +# Class: (Narrative) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Narrative ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Narrative "Narrative"@en) +SubClassOf(:Narrative :Description) + +# Class: (Natural person) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NaturalPerson "A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?'") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :NaturalPerson ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :NaturalPerson "Natural person"@en) +SubClassOf(:NaturalPerson :Person) +SubClassOf(:NaturalPerson :PhysicalAgent) + +# Class: (Norm) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Norm "A social norm.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Norm ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Norm "Norm"@en) +SubClassOf(:Norm :Description) + +# Class: (Object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Object "Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Object ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Object "Object"@en) +SubClassOf(:Object :Entity) +SubClassOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasLocation :Entity)) +SubClassOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isParticipantIn :Event)) +SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Object)) +SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Object)) +SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isClassifiedBy :Role)) +DisjointClasses(:Object :Quality) + +# Class: (Object aggregate) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ObjectAggregate "An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. +It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :ObjectAggregate ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ObjectAggregate "Object aggregate"@en) +SubClassOf(:ObjectAggregate ObjectIntersectionOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasPart ObjectIntersectionOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isMemberOf :Collection))))) + +# Class: (Organism) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Organism "A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Organism ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Organism "Organism"@en) +SubClassOf(:Organism :BiologicalObject) +SubClassOf(:Organism :PhysicalAgent) + +# Class: (Organization) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Organization "An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act."@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Organization ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Organization "Organization"@en) +SubClassOf(:Organization :SocialAgent) + +# Class: (Parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Parameter "A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Parameter ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Parameter "Parameter"@en) +SubClassOf(:Parameter :Concept) +SubClassOf(:Parameter ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Region)) +SubClassOf(:Parameter ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Parameter)) +DisjointClasses(:Parameter :Role) + +# Class: (Parthood) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Parthood "A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. +For example, if a Situation s 'finally, my bike has a luggage rack' isSettingFor the entity 'my bike' and the TimeIntervals 'now', or more specifically '29March2021', we need to have a time-index the part relation. With Parthood, we use includesWhole and includesPart properties. This can be done similarly for other arguments of parthood, e.g. location, configuration, topology, etc. Concerning the possible property characteristics reused from mereology (transitivity, asymmetry, reflexivity), they need to be implemented by means of rules (or, in a limited way, property chains using the binary hasPart or hasProperPart properties). -A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood. - - Parthood - - +A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Parthood ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Parthood "Parthood"@en) +SubClassOf(:Parthood :TimeIndexedRelation) +SubClassOf(:Parthood ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesPart :Entity)) +SubClassOf(:Parthood ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesWhole :Entity)) +# Class: (Pattern) - - - - - Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Pattern "Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. E.g. patterns detected and abstracted by an organism, by pattern recognition algorithms, by machine learning techniques, etc. -An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation - - Pattern - - - - - - - - - Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons. - - Person - - - - - - - - - A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc. - - Personification - - - - - - - - - - A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. -A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent - - Physical agent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . +An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Pattern ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Pattern "Pattern"@en) +SubClassOf(:Pattern :Relation) + +# Class: (Person) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Person "Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Person ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Person "Person"@en) +SubClassOf(:Person :Agent) + +# Class: (Personification) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Personification "A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Personification ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Personification "Personification"@en) +SubClassOf(:Personification :SocialAgent) + +# Class: (Physical agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalAgent "A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. +A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalAgent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalAgent "Physical agent"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalAgent :Agent) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalAgent :PhysicalObject) + +# Class: (Physical artifact) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalArtifact "Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . This axiomatization is weak, but allows to talk of artifacts in a very general sense, i.e. including recycled objects, objects with an intentional functional change, natural objects that are given a certain function, even though they are not modified or structurally designed, etc. PhysicalArtifact(s) are not considered disjoint from PhysicalBody(s), in order to allow a dual classification when needed. E.g., FunctionalSubstance(s) are included here as well. -Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here. - - Physical artifact - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc. - - Physical attribute - - - - - - - - - Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc. - - Physical body - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary). - - Physical object - - - - - - - - - A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area. - - Physical place - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities ("the area close to Rome") or of pivot events or signs ("the area where the helicopter fell"), as well as identified as complements to other entities ("the area under the table"), etc. -In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class. - - Place - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan - - Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution. - - Plan execution - - - - - - - - - This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. -See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'. - - Process - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks. - - Project - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. +Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalArtifact ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalArtifact "Physical artifact"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalArtifact :PhysicalObject) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalArtifact ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Plan)) + +# Class: (Physical attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalAttribute "Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalAttribute ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalAttribute "Physical attribute"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalAttribute :Region) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalAttribute ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isRegionFor :PhysicalObject)) +DisjointClasses(:PhysicalAttribute :SpaceRegion) +DisjointClasses(:PhysicalAttribute :TimeInterval) + +# Class: (Physical body) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalBody "Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalBody ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalBody "Physical body"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalBody :PhysicalObject) + +# Class: (Physical object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalObject "Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalObject "Physical object"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalObject :Object) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalObject ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :PhysicalObject)) +DisjointClasses(:PhysicalObject :SocialObject) + +# Class: (Physical place) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalPlace "A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalPlace ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalPlace "Physical place"@en) +SubClassOf(:PhysicalPlace :PhysicalObject) + +# Class: (Place) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Place "Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities (\"the area close to Rome\") or of pivot events or signs (\"the area where the helicopter fell\"), as well as identified as complements to other entities (\"the area under the table\"), etc. +In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Place ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Place "Place"@en) +SubClassOf(:Place :SocialObject) +SubClassOf(:Place ObjectMinCardinality(1 :isLocationOf)) + +# Class: (Plan) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Plan "A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Plan ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Plan "Plan"@en) +SubClassOf(:Plan :Description) +SubClassOf(:Plan ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasComponent :Goal)) + +# Class: (Plan execution) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PlanExecution "Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PlanExecution ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PlanExecution "Plan execution"@en) +EquivalentClasses(:PlanExecution ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Plan)) +SubClassOf(:PlanExecution :Situation) + +# Class: (Process) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Process "This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. +See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Process ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Process "Process"@en) +SubClassOf(:Process :Event) + +# Class: (Project) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Project "A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Project ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Project "Project"@en) +SubClassOf(:Project :Plan) +SubClassOf(:Project ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesRole :Role)) +SubClassOf(:Project ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesTask :Task)) + +# Class: (Quality) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Quality "Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. From the design viewpoint, the Quality-Region distinction is useful only when individual aspects of an Entity are considered in a domain of discourse. For example, in an automotive context, it would be irrelevant to consider the aspects of car windows for a specific car, unless the factory wants to check a specific window against design parameters (anomaly detection). -On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'. - - Quality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. -Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue - - Region - - - - - - - - - Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). -For example, 'givingGrantToInstitution(x,y,z)' with three argument types: Provider(x),Grant(y),Recipient(z), can have a Relation counterpart: 'GivingGrantToInstitution', which defines three Concept instances: Provider,Grant,Recipient. -Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations. - - Relation - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - 1 - - - A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc. - - Right - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Concept that classifies an Object - - Role - - - - - - - - - - Set - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. -It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). +On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Quality ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Quality "Quality"@en) +SubClassOf(:Quality :Entity) +SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasRegion :Region)) +SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isQualityOf :Entity)) +SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Quality)) +SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Quality)) + +# Class: (Region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Region "Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. +Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Region ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Region "Region"@en) +SubClassOf(:Region :Abstract) +SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Region)) +SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Region)) +SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:overlaps :Region)) +SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:precedes :Region)) + +# Class: (Relation) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Relation "Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). +For example, 'givingGrantToInstitution(x,y,z)' with three argument types: Provider(x),Grant(y),Recipient(z), can have a Relation counterpart: 'GivingGrantToInstitution', which defines three Concept instances: Provider,Grant,Recipient. +Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Relation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Relation "Relation"@en) +SubClassOf(:Relation :Description) + +# Class: (Right) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Right "A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Right ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Right "Right"@en) +SubClassOf(:Right :Description) +SubClassOf(:Right ObjectMinCardinality(2 :definesRole)) +SubClassOf(:Right ObjectMinCardinality(1 :definesTask)) + +# Class: (Role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Role "A Concept that classifies an Object") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Role ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Role "Role"@en) +SubClassOf(:Role :Concept) +SubClassOf(:Role ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Object)) +SubClassOf(:Role ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Role)) + +# Class: (Set) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Set ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Set "Set"@en) +SubClassOf(:Set :FormalEntity) + +# Class: (Situation) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Situation "A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. +It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). For example, a PlanExecution is a context including some actions executed by agents according to certain parameters and expected tasks to be achieved from a Plan; a DiagnosedSituation is a context of observed entities that is interpreted on the basis of a Diagnosis, etc. Situation is also able to represent reified n-ary relations, where isSettingFor is the top-level relation for all binary projections of the n-ary relation. -If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated. - - Situation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent). - - Social agent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. +If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Situation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Situation "Situation"@en) +SubClassOf(:Situation :Entity) +SubClassOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Description)) + +# Class: (Social agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialAgent "Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialAgent ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialAgent "Social agent"@en) +SubClassOf(:SocialAgent :Agent) +SubClassOf(:SocialAgent :SocialObject) +SubClassOf(:SocialAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:actsThrough :PhysicalAgent)) + +# Class: (Social object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialObject "Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. In other words, all objects that have been or are created in the process of social communication: for the sake of communication (InformationObject), for incorporating new individuals (SocialAgent, Place), for contextualizing or intepreting existing entities (Description, Concept), or for collecting existing entities (Collection). -Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing). - - Social object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc. - - Social attribute - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson). - - Social person - Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition) - - - - - - - - - Any social relationship - - Social relation - - - - - - - - - - Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space. - - Space region - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spatio-temporal region - - - - - - - - - Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. -In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s). - - Substance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. +Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialObject ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialObject "Social object"@en) +SubClassOf(:SocialObject :Object) +SubClassOf(:SocialObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isExpressedBy :InformationObject)) +SubClassOf(:SocialObject ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :SocialObject)) + +# Class: (Social attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialObjectAttribute "Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialObjectAttribute ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialObjectAttribute "Social attribute"@en) +SubClassOf(:SocialObjectAttribute :Region) +SubClassOf(:SocialObjectAttribute ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isRegionFor :SocialObject)) + +# Class: (Social person) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialPerson "A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialPerson ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialPerson "Social person"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(owl:versionInfo :SocialPerson "Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition)") +SubClassOf(:SocialPerson :Person) +SubClassOf(:SocialPerson :SocialAgent) +SubClassOf(:SocialPerson ObjectExactCardinality(1 :actsThrough)) + +# Class: (Social relation) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialRelation "Any social relationship") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialRelation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialRelation "Social relation"@en) +SubClassOf(:SocialRelation :Relation) + +# Class: (Space region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SpaceRegion "Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SpaceRegion ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SpaceRegion "Space region"@en) +SubClassOf(:SpaceRegion :Region) +DisjointClasses(:SpaceRegion :TimeInterval) + +# Class: (Spatio-temporal region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SpatioTemporalRegion ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SpatioTemporalRegion "Spatio-temporal region"@en) +SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion :Region) +SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :SpaceRegion)) +SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :TimeInterval)) + +# Class: (Substance) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Substance "Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. +In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Substance ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Substance "Substance"@en) +SubClassOf(:Substance :PhysicalBody) + +# Class: (Task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Task "An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. For example, reaching a destination is a task that can be executed by performing certain actions, e.g. driving a car, buying a train ticket, etc. The actions to execute a task can also be organized according to a Plan that is not the same as the one that defines the task (if any). -For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence. - - Task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. -This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones). - - Theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time. - - Time-indexed relation - - - - - - - - - Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time. - - Time interval - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - 2 - - - - A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. +For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Task ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Task "Task"@en) +SubClassOf(:Task :EventType) +SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Task)) +SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isExecutedIn :Action)) +SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isTaskDefinedIn :Description)) +SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isTaskOf :Role)) + +# Class: (Theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Theory "A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. +This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Theory ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Theory "Theory"@en) +SubClassOf(:Theory :Description) +SubClassOf(:Theory ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasComponent :Relation)) + +# Class: (Time-indexed relation) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TimeIndexedRelation "A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TimeIndexedRelation ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TimeIndexedRelation "Time-indexed relation"@en) +EquivalentClasses(:TimeIndexedRelation ObjectIntersectionOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :TimeInterval))) +SubClassOf(:TimeIndexedRelation :Situation) + +# Class: (Time interval) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TimeInterval "Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TimeInterval ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TimeInterval "Time interval"@en) +SubClassOf(:TimeInterval :Region) + +# Class: (Transition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Transition "A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. This class of situations partly encodes the ontology underlying typical engineering algebras for processes, e.g. Petri Nets. -A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition. - - Transition - - - - - - - - - A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. "the gem stones", "the Italians". -This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called "ClassesAsValues" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead. - - Type collection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values. - - Unit of measure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization - - Workflow - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Workflow execution - - - - - - - - - - - - - +A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Transition ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Transition "Transition"@en) +SubClassOf(:Transition :Situation) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesEvent :Event)) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesObject :Object)) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Process)) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor ObjectIntersectionOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:precedes ObjectIntersectionOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:precedes :Situation)))))) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectMinCardinality(3 :includesTime :TimeInterval)) +SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectMinCardinality(2 :isSettingFor :Situation)) + +# Class: (Type collection) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TypeCollection "A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. \"the gem stones\", \"the Italians\". +This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called \"ClassesAsValues\" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TypeCollection ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TypeCollection "Type collection"@en) +SubClassOf(:TypeCollection :Collection) + +# Class: (Unit of measure) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :UnitOfMeasure "Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :UnitOfMeasure ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :UnitOfMeasure "Unit of measure"@en) +SubClassOf(:UnitOfMeasure :Parameter) +SubClassOf(:UnitOfMeasure ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:parametrizes :Region)) + +# Class: (Workflow) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Workflow "A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Workflow ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Workflow "Workflow"@en) +SubClassOf(:Workflow :Plan) +SubClassOf(:Workflow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesRole :Role)) +SubClassOf(:Workflow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesTask :Task)) + +# Class: (Workflow execution) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :WorkflowExecution ) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :WorkflowExecution "Workflow execution"@en) +EquivalentClasses(:WorkflowExecution ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Workflow)) +SubClassOf(:WorkflowExecution :Situation) + + +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:hasSetting :isSettingFor) :sameSettingAs) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:isParticipantIn :hasParticipant) :coparticipatesWith) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:realizes :isAbout) :realizesInformationAbout) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(ObjectInverseOf(:includesWhole) :includesPart) :hasPart) +HasKey(:Parthood (:includesPart :includesWhole) ()) +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index 3b0d9e89..c3acd21a 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -1,647 +1,483 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an Action to a component Action. - has action - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an Action to its execution state. - has execution state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() + +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AbductiveReasoning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Actuating)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AreaSurveying)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Arranging)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Assembling)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssumingArmPose)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssumingPose)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Avoiding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Catching)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Closing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationAction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationReport)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Constructing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cutting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeductiveReasoning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Delivering)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dicing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Distancing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dreaming)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dropping)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fetching)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:GetTaskParameter)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:GraspTransfer)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Grasping)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Holding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Imagining)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:InductiveReasoning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lifting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LookingAt)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LookingFor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lowering)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Manipulating)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MentalAction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MentalTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Mixing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MonitoringJointState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovingTo)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Navigating)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Opening)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Orienting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ParkingArms)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Perceiving)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PickingUp)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Placing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Planning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Positioning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Prediction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Proprioceiving)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Prospecting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pulling)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pushing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PushingAway)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PushingDown)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PuttingDown)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reaching)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reasoning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Releasing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Remembering)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Retracting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Retrospecting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SelectingItem)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SettingGripper)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Simulating)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SituationTransition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Slicing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Squeezing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloud)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Throwing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Transporting)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasAction)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasExecutionState)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPerformedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Active)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded)) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (has action) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasAction "A relation from an Action to a component Action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasAction "has action") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasAction ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasAction ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasAction ) + +# Object Property: (has execution state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasExecutionState "A relation from an Action to its execution state.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasExecutionState "has execution state") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasExecutionState ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasExecutionState ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasExecutionState SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialSituation "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInitialSituation SOMA:isInitialSituationOf) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialSituation SOMA:SituationTransition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalSituation "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation SOMA:SituationTransition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInitialSituationOf "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf SOMA:SituationTransition) + +# Object Property: (is performed by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPerformedBy "A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPerformedBy "is performed by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf SOMA:SituationTransition) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations.") +SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) +SubObjectPropertyOf( ) + +# Object Property: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest.") +SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:hasInitialSituation) +SubObjectPropertyOf( ) - - - - - - - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. - - - - - +# Object Property: (manifests in) - - - - - A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it. - is performed by - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "manifests in") +SubObjectPropertyOf( ) +# Object Property: (prevented by) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "prevented by") +SubObjectPropertyOf( ) +InverseObjectProperties( ) +ObjectPropertyDomain( ) +ObjectPropertyRange( ) - - - - - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. - - +# Object Property: (prevents) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "prevents") +SubObjectPropertyOf( ) +ObjectPropertyDomain( ) +ObjectPropertyRange( ) - +# Object Property: (has postcondition) - - - - A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue.") +# Object Property: (has precondition) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible.") - - - - A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest. - - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ - - - A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened. - manifests in - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AbductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AbductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) - +# Class: () - - - - - - A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting. - prevented by - - - - - - - - - - - A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?). - prevents - - - - - - - - This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue. - - - - - - - - This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain. - - - - - - - - - Tasks where the goal is to move an object. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Actuating "Tasks where the goal is to move an object. Usually, an agent will use their prehensile effectors, ie. hands, for this purpose, so there is a lot of conceptual overlap between Actuating and Manipulating. However, these categories are nonetheless distinguished in that there are more ways to actuate objects than simply manipulating them; for example, some tool like a net or frying pan might be used to catch an object. -Another way to look at the difference between Actuating and Manipulating is in what they "profile", ie. focus on as important. - -For Actuating, it is the object's motion that is paramount. - -For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s). - todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here. - - +Another way to look at the difference between Actuating and Manipulating is in what they \"profile\", ie. focus on as important. +For Actuating, it is the object's motion that is paramount. - +For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Actuating "todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Actuating SOMA:PhysicalTask) - - - A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AreaSurveying "A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AreaSurveying SOMA:Perceiving) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Arranging "A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Arranging SOMA:Constructing) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Assembling "A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Assembling SOMA:Constructing) - - - A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssumingArmPose "A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AssumingArmPose SOMA:AssumingPose) - +# Class: () - - - A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssumingPose "A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AssumingPose SOMA:PhysicalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Avoiding "A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Avoiding SOMA:Navigating) - - - A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Catching "A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Catching SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Catching SOMA:PickingUp) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence "A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence SOMA:Perceiving) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Closing "A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Delivering) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Fetching) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Lifting) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Opening) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Pulling) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Squeezing) - - - - A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping. - - +# Class: (Communication action) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationAction "An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommunicationAction "Communication action") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - - - - - A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. - Communication action - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. - -Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. - -CommunicationTopic can only classify a Social object that participates in an Action that is classified as (the execution of) a CommunicationTask. - -Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. - -For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers. - Communication topic - - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent creates a new object. - - - - - - - - - The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationReport "A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationReport SOMA:CommunicationTask) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationTask "A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. -Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the "specific" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y). - - +Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( )))) +# Class: (Communication topic) - - - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target. - - - - - - - - - A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. "Dice", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic. - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationTopic "A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. +CommunicationTopic can only classify a Social object that participates in an Action that is classified as (the execution of) a CommunicationTask. - +Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. - - - Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents. - - +For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommunicationTopic "Communication topic"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTopic SOMA:ResourceRole) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTopic ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CommunicationTask))))) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Constructing "A task in which an Agent creates a new object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Constructing SOMA:PhysicalTask) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Constructing SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - - - - The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. +# Class: () -'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects "slips" away. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cutting "The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cutting SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. - - - A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses. - - +Deduction is often explained as starting from the \"general\" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the \"specific\" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y).") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Delivering "A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Fetching) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Lifting) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Opening) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Pulling) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Squeezing) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution. - Execution state region - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dicing "A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. \"Dice\", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dicing SOMA:Cutting) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Distancing "A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Distancing SOMA:Navigating) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dreaming "Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dreaming SOMA:MentalTask) - - - A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dropping "The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. - +'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects \"slips\" away.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dropping SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Dropping SOMA:Placing) - - - A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning SOMA:Manipulating) - +# Class: (Execution state region) - - - - A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion "A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion "Execution state region") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion ObjectOneOf(SOMA:ExecutionState_Active SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion ) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fetching "A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Lifting) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Opening) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Pulling) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Squeezing) - - - A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GetTaskParameter "A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:GetTaskParameter SOMA:MentalTask) - +# Class: () - - - A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GraspTransfer "A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:GraspTransfer SOMA:Grasping) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Grasping "A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Grasping SOMA:Manipulating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Grasping SOMA:Releasing) - - - A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. +# Class: () -Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the "general" (all swans are white). - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Holding "A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Holding SOMA:Manipulating) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Imagining "A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Imagining SOMA:MentalTask) - - - - - - - todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table' - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. - +Induction is often described as a move from many \"specifics\" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the \"general\" (all swans are white).") +SubClassOf(SOMA:InductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) - - - better: Gazing - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lifting "todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table'") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Opening) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Pulling) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Squeezing) - +# Class: () - - - A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LookingAt "better: Gazing") +SubClassOf(SOMA:LookingAt SOMA:PhysicalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LookingFor "A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:LookingFor SOMA:Perceiving) - - - A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lowering "A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Lowering SOMA:Actuating) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Manipulating "Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. Spatial relations refer to positioning the hands in certain ways relative to the manipulated object, for example nearing or distancing them, or aligning them with some relevant axis. @@ -649,898 +485,377 @@ Functional relations here refer to interactions between the hands and manipulate Note that manipulation tasks are usually performed with the intention of moving an object in some way, so there is a large conceptual overlap between Manipulating and Actuating. -However these concepts are nonetheless distinguished in what they "profile", ie. what they focus on as particularly important. +However these concepts are nonetheless distinguished in what they \"profile\", ie. what they focus on as particularly important. Actuating profiles the movement of the object itself. Manipulating profiles the movement of the hands and the functional relations, such as kinematic control, they establish with the manipulated object. -Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone. - - - - - +Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Manipulating SOMA:PhysicalTask) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Manipulating ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:PhysicalAction)) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. +# Class: (Mental action) -One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes. - Mental action - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MentalAction "An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. +One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MentalAction "Mental action") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalAction ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalAction ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MentalTask "A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalTask ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:MentalAction)) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) - - - A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) - +# Class: () - - - A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - - - A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Mixing "A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Mixing SOMA:Constructing) - +# Class: () - - - A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject SOMA:PhysicalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MonitoringJointState "A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MonitoringJointState SOMA:Proprioceiving) - - - A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovingTo "A task in which an Agent moves towards a location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MovingTo SOMA:Navigating) - +# Class: () - - - Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Navigating "A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Navigating SOMA:PhysicalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Opening "A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Pulling) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Squeezing) - - - A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Orienting "A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Orienting SOMA:Positioning) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent moves towards a location. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ParkingArms "A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ParkingArms SOMA:AssumingArmPose) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Perceiving "A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Perceiving SOMA:PhysicalTask) - - - A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas. - - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior. - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object. - - - - - - - - - A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment. - - - - - - - - - A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings. - - - - - - - - - The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. The prototypical example of PhysicalAcquiring is picking up an object. -Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership. - - - - - - - - - An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture. - Physical action - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object. - - - - - - - - - A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object. - - - - - - - - - Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz). - - +Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) +# Class: (Physical action) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAction "An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalAction "Physical action") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAction ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalTask "A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalTask ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectUnionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))))) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PickingUp "A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PickingUp SOMA:Manipulating) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Placing "Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz).") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Placing SOMA:PhysicalTask) - - - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Planning "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Planning SOMA:Prospecting) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Planning ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Positioning "A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Positioning SOMA:Actuating) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Prediction "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Prediction SOMA:Prospecting) - - - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Proprioceiving "A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Proprioceiving SOMA:PhysicalTask) - +# Class: () - - - - - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Prospecting "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Prospecting SOMA:MentalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pulling "A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Squeezing) - - - - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then? - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pushing "A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then?") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pushing SOMA:Actuating) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pushing SOMA:Squeezing) - +# Class: () - - - - A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PushingAway "A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PushingAway SOMA:Pushing) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:PushingAway SOMA:PushingDown) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PushingDown "A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PushingDown SOMA:Pushing) - - - A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PuttingDown "A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PuttingDown SOMA:Manipulating) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reaching "A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Reaching SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Reaching SOMA:Retracting) +# Class: () - - - - - - A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object. - - - - - - - - - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses. - todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reasoning "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reasoning "todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. Both Abductive and Inductive inference may, and often do, use Probabilistic methods. Probabilistic inference is, by its nature, most opposed to Deductive inference which, classically, requires logical certainty. Any of the Abductive/Deductive/Inductive triad can be further affected by the Monotone/Non-monotone distinction. There are preferences (Inductive and Abductive reasoning is probably most often non-monotonic; most of Deductive reasoning is probably done in monotonic formalisms), but it is certainly the case that, e.g., non-monotone Deduction is possible. -Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings. - - - - - - - - - A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp. - - - - - - - - - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately. - - +Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Reasoning SOMA:MentalTask) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Releasing "A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Releasing SOMA:Manipulating) - - - A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Remembering "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Remembering SOMA:Retrospecting) - +# Class: () - - - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. - Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retracting "A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Retracting SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning) -As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retrospecting "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retrospecting "Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. - +As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Retrospecting SOMA:MentalTask) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SelectingItem "A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectingItem SOMA:GetTaskParameter) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectingItem ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SelectedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( )))) - +# Class: () - - - A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SettingGripper "A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SettingGripper SOMA:AssumingPose) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Simulating "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. - - - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. +Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation (\"what would happen if--?\") is possible.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Simulating SOMA:Prospecting) -Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation ("what would happen if--?") is possible. - - +# Class: (Situation transition) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SituationTransition "A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SituationTransition "Situation transition"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ) - +# Class: () - - - A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent. - Situation transition - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Slicing "A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Slicing SOMA:Cutting) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Squeezing "A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Squeezing SOMA:Actuating) - - - A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloud "A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloud SOMA:CommunicationReport) - +# Class: () - - - A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic) - - - A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - +# Class: () - - - A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - - - A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - +# Class: () - - - A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic) - - - A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action. - - +# Class: (Think aloud topic) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic "A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic "Think aloud topic"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic SOMA:CommunicationTopic) - +# Class: () - - - A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Throwing "A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Throwing SOMA:Actuating) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Throwing SOMA:Manipulating) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Transporting "A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Transporting SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - - - A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive. - - +# Class: (Nonmanifested situation) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A Situation which does not manifest in any event. - - - - - A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic. - - - - - - - - - A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive. - - - - - - - - - A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication. - Think aloud topic - - +The main use case for this is to represent expectations that are not met, e.g. unfulfilled post-conditions of an action. An action with unmet postconditions is then a failure. +Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no \"manifests in\" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. - +As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "Nonmanifested situation"@en) +EquivalentClasses( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectExactCardinality(0 ))) +SubClassOf( ) - - - - A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported. - - +############################ +# Named Individuals +############################ - +# Individual: () - - - A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Active "The execution state of an ongoing activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Active) +# Individual: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled "The execution state of a cancelled activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled) - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - A Situation which does not manifest in any event. +# Individual: () -The main use case for this is to represent expectations that are not met, e.g. unfulfilled post-conditions of an action. An action with unmet postconditions is then a failure. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed "The execution state of a failed activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed) -Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no "manifests in" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. +# Individual: () -As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations. - Nonmanifested situation - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused "The execution state of a paused activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused) +# Individual: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending "The execution state of a pending activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending) - - +# Individual: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded "The execution state of a succeeded activity.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded) - - - - - - - - - - The execution state of an ongoing activity. - - - - - - - - - The execution state of a cancelled activity. - - - - - - - - - The execution state of a failed activity. - - - - - - - - - The execution state of a paused activity. - - - - - - - - - The execution state of a pending activity. - - - - - - - - - The execution state of a succeeded activity. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest. - - - - - - - - - - - - If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation. - - - - - - - - - - - - If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation. - - - - - - +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one.") ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) ObjectIntersectionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ))) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?)") ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event.") ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) owl:Nothing) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest.") ObjectIntersectionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) owl:Nothing) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) owl:Nothing) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not).") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) owl:Nothing) +SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl index 71ba6074..c3aa53d6 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl @@ -1,27 +1,22 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) +Ontology( +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() - - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl index 28336a96..cde74214 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl @@ -1,101 +1,66 @@ - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) - +Ontology( +Import() - +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:after)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:before)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:contains)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:during)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:starts)) +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ +# Object Property: () - +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:after) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:after) - - - - - +# Object Property: () +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:before) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:before) - +# Object Property: () - - - - - +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:contains) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:contains) +# Object Property: () - +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:during) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:during) - - - - - +# Object Property: (finished by) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) - +# Object Property: () - - - - - +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) +# Object Property: (started by) - +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) - - - - - +# Object Property: () +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl index e5e3554b..64266001 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl @@ -1,543 +1,222 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry. - - - - - - - - - Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. - -The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. - -The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The task to prepare a table for a meal. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - construction-arrange-objects - A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way. - - - - - - - - Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate. - move-object - - - move-body-walk-to - walk (to a location, or in a direction) - - - Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions. - perception-survey-area - - - construction-assembly - A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered. - - - The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate. - move-body-general - - - move-object-catch - Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object. - - - Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface. - move-object-close - - - Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate - construction-general - - - object-modification-cutting - A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible. - - - A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices. - object-modification-dicing - - - walk (away from a location, in a direction) - move-body-walk-backaway - - - Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity. - move-object-drop - - - manipulation-hand-positioning - Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - move-hand-grasp-transfer - have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first - - - Agent grasps an object. - manipulation-grasp - - - move-head - Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - Turn head (e.g. for visual search). - move-head-turn - - - move-object-hold - Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held. - - - move-body-lean - move, bending, with torso in a specific direction - - - move-object-lift - Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface. - - - move-body-locomotion - Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object - perception-search-for-object - - - The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object. - move-object-lower - - - manipulation-general - These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands). - - - ta-meta-cognition-evaluation - an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached - - - an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something - ta-meta-cognition-memory - - - ta-meta-cognition-planning - an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior - - - ta-meta-cognition - Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - construction-mixing - A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable. - - - Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate. - object-modification-general - - - move-body-walk-backaway - walk (away from a location, in a direction) - - - move-object-open - Move an object so as to expose an interior surface. - - - move-object-orient - Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding. - - - Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate. - perception-general - - - Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks. - physically-acquire-object - - - Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location. - move-object-pick-up - - - move-object-positioning - Move an object so that it has a particular pose. - - - Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate. - move-body-posture - - - Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate. - move-object-push - - - Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves. - move-object-push-away - - - move-object-push-down - Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up). - - - Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall. - manipulation-put-down - - - move-hand+arm-reach - Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand. - - - manipulation-release - Agent releases grasp on an object. - - - Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location. - move-hand+arm-retract - - - A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces. - object-modification-slicing - - - Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object. - move-object-squeeze - - - stand (at a location) - move-body-stand - - - an agent describes what they are currently doing - ta-actions - - - ta-knowledge-general - an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in - - - Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate. - ta-knowledge - - - an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action - ta-issues - - - an agent makes a statement of opinion - ta-opinions - - - ta-perception - an agent describes what they perceive - - - an agent describes their current plan - ta-plans - - - ta-knowledge-scene - an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier) - - - move-object-throw - Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it. - - - transport-object - A task that requires chaging the location of an object. - - - move-body-turn - move own body, turn - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + +Ontology( +Import() + +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(DataProperty()) +Declaration(DataProperty()) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:ELANName)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:UsageGuideline)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:nickname)) +############################ +# Annotation Properties +############################ + +# Annotation Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ELANName "If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry.") +SubAnnotationPropertyOf(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:nickname) + +# Annotation Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline "Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN.") +SubAnnotationPropertyOf(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:UsageGuideline) + + + +############################ +# Data Properties +############################ + +# Data Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate.") +SubDataPropertyOf( ) +DataPropertyDomain( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) +DataPropertyRange( xsd:integer) + +# Data Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + +The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes.") +SubDataPropertyOf( ) +DataPropertyDomain( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) +DataPropertyRange( xsd:string) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast.") +SubClassOf( ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner.") +SubClassOf( ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch.") +SubClassOf( ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. + +The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality.") +SubClassOf( ) +SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom( xsd:integer)) +SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom( xsd:boolean)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "The task to prepare a table for a meal.") +SubClassOf( SOMA:Arranging) +SubClassOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Arranging "construction-arrange-objects") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Arranging "A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way.") + + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Actuating "move-object") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Actuating "Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Approaching "move-body-walk-to") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Approaching "walk (to a location, or in a direction)") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:AreaSurveying "perception-survey-area") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:AreaSurveying "Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Assembling "construction-assembly") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Assembling "A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:BodyMovement "move-body-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:BodyMovement "The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Catching "move-object-catch") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Catching "Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Closing "move-object-close") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Closing "Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Constructing "construction-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Constructing "Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Cutting "object-modification-cutting") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Cutting "A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Dicing "object-modification-dicing") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Dicing "A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Distancing "move-body-walk-backaway") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Distancing "walk (away from a location, in a direction)") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Dropping "move-object-drop") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Dropping "Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "manipulation-hand-positioning") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:GraspTransfer "move-hand-grasp-transfer") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:GraspTransfer "have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Grasping "manipulation-grasp") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Grasping "Agent grasps an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:HeadMovement "move-head") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:HeadMovement "Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:HeadTurning "move-head-turn") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:HeadTurning "Turn head (e.g. for visual search).") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Holding "move-object-hold") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Holding "Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Leaning "move-body-lean") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Leaning "move, bending, with torso in a specific direction") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Lifting "move-object-lift") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Lifting "Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Locomotion "move-body-locomotion") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Locomotion "Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:LookingFor "perception-search-for-object") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:LookingFor "The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Lowering "move-object-lower") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Lowering "The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Manipulating "manipulation-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Manipulating "These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands).") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "ta-meta-cognition-evaluation") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "ta-meta-cognition-memory") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "ta-meta-cognition-planning") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "ta-meta-cognition") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Mixing "construction-mixing") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Mixing "A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "object-modification-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MovingAway "move-body-walk-backaway") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MovingAway "walk (away from a location, in a direction)") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Opening "move-object-open") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Opening "Move an object so as to expose an interior surface.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Orienting "move-object-orient") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Orienting "Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Perceiving "perception-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Perceiving "Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "physically-acquire-object") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PhysicalAction "Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PickingUp "move-object-pick-up") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PickingUp "Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Positioning "move-object-positioning") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Positioning "Move an object so that it has a particular pose.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PosturalMoving "move-body-posture") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PosturalMoving "Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Pushing "move-object-push") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Pushing "Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PushingAway "move-object-push-away") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PushingAway "Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PushingDown "move-object-push-down") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PushingDown "Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up).") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PuttingDown "manipulation-put-down") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PuttingDown "Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Reaching "move-hand+arm-reach") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Reaching "Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Releasing "manipulation-release") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Releasing "Agent releases grasp on an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Retracting "move-hand+arm-retract") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Retracting "Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Slicing "object-modification-slicing") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Slicing "A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Squeezing "move-object-squeeze") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Squeezing "Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Standing "move-body-stand") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Standing "stand (at a location)") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "ta-actions") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "an agent describes what they are currently doing") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge-general") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "ta-issues") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "ta-opinions") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "an agent makes a statement of opinion") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "ta-perception") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "an agent describes what they perceive") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "ta-plans") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "an agent describes their current plan") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge-scene") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier)") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Throwing "move-object-throw") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Throwing "Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Transporting "transport-object") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Transporting "A task that requires chaging the location of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Turning "move-body-turn") +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Turning "move own body, turn") +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl index 8902906f..b4992644 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl @@ -1,935 +1,521 @@ - - - - - SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() +Annotation(rdfs:comment "SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items.") + +Declaration(Class(:Box)) +Declaration(Class(:BreadKnife)) +Declaration(Class(:BreakfastPlate)) +Declaration(Class(:Carafe)) +Declaration(Class(:CerealBox)) +Declaration(Class(:CoffeeCarafe)) +Declaration(Class(:Cup)) +Declaration(Class(:DessertFork)) +Declaration(Class(:DinnerPlate)) +Declaration(Class(:Dispenser)) +Declaration(Class(:Glass)) +Declaration(Class(:JamJar)) +Declaration(Class(:Jar)) +Declaration(Class(:KitchenKnife)) +Declaration(Class(:MilkBottle)) +Declaration(Class(:MilkPack)) +Declaration(Class(:NutellaJar)) +Declaration(Class(:PastaBowl)) +Declaration(Class(:PepperShaker)) +Declaration(Class(:RaspberryJamJar)) +Declaration(Class(:SaladBowl)) +Declaration(Class(:SaltShaker)) +Declaration(Class(:Shaker)) +Declaration(Class(:SoupPot)) +Declaration(Class(:Spoon)) +Declaration(Class(:SugarDispenser)) +Declaration(Class(:TableFork)) +Declaration(Class(:TableKnife)) +Declaration(Class(:TableSpoon)) +Declaration(Class(:TeaSpoon)) +Declaration(Class(:WaterBottle)) +Declaration(Class(:WaterGlass)) +Declaration(Class(:WineBottle)) +Declaration(Class(:WineGlass)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Appliance)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BakedGood)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Blade)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bottle)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bowl)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BoxShape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bread)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Building)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Ceiling)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Compartment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Countertop)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Crockery)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cupboard)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cutlery)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CuttingTool)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedComponent)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedContainer)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedFurniture)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedHandle)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedSpade)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedTool)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dish)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dishwasher)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DishwasherTab)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Door)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Drawer)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Floor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fork)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FreezerCompartment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Graspability)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Hotplate)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Insertion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Knife)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lid)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pack)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pan)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pancake)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PancakeMix)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Plate)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pot)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Rack)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Refrigerator)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoomSurface)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shaping)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Spatula)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Stove)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Surface)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Table)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tableware)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Wall)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTrigger)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDisposition)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShapeRegion)) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Box "A cuboid-shaped container.") +SubClassOf(:Box SOMA:DesignedContainer) +SubClassOf(:Box ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:BoxShape)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :BreadKnife "A knife to cut bread.") +SubClassOf(:BreadKnife :KitchenKnife) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :BreakfastPlate "A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast.") +SubClassOf(:BreakfastPlate SOMA:Plate) + +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Carafe "A container used to hold and pour some beverage.") +SubClassOf(:Carafe SOMA:DesignedContainer) - +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CerealBox "A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes.") +SubClassOf(:CerealBox :Box) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CoffeeCarafe "A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee.") +SubClassOf(:CoffeeCarafe :Carafe) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Cup "A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping.") +SubClassOf(:Cup SOMA:Crockery) +SubClassOf(:Cup ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DessertFork "A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake.") +SubClassOf(:DessertFork SOMA:Fork) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DinnerPlate "A regular size plate for eating a main meals.") +SubClassOf(:DinnerPlate SOMA:Plate) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Dispenser "A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage.") +SubClassOf(:Dispenser SOMA:DesignedContainer) - +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Glass "A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages.") +SubClassOf(:Glass SOMA:Crockery) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JamJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam.") +SubClassOf(:JamJar :Jar) - - - - - - - - - A cuboid-shaped container. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Jar "A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish.") +SubClassOf(:Jar SOMA:DesignedContainer) - +# Class: () - - - A knife to cut bread. - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :KitchenKnife "A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber.") +SubClassOf(:KitchenKnife SOMA:Knife) +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MilkBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk.") +SubClassOf(:MilkBottle SOMA:Bottle) - - +# Class: () - - - A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MilkPack "A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk.") +SubClassOf(:MilkPack SOMA:Pack) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NutellaJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella.") +SubClassOf(:NutellaJar :Jar) - - - A container used to hold and pour some beverage. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PastaBowl "A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta.") +SubClassOf(:PastaBowl SOMA:Bowl) - +# Class: () - - - A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PepperShaker "A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper.") +SubClassOf(:PepperShaker :Shaker) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :RaspberryJamJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam.") +SubClassOf(:RaspberryJamJar :JamJar) - - - A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SaladBowl "A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad.") +SubClassOf(:SaladBowl SOMA:Bowl) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SaltShaker "A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt.") +SubClassOf(:SaltShaker :Shaker) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Shaker "A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper.") +SubClassOf(:Shaker SOMA:DesignedContainer) - - - A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SoupPot "A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup.") +SubClassOf(:SoupPot SOMA:Pot) - +# Class: () - - - A regular size plate for eating a main meals. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Spoon "An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle.") +SubClassOf(:Spoon SOMA:Cutlery) +SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment)) +SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Bowl)) +SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) +SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Insertion)) +SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))))) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SugarDispenser "A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar.") +SubClassOf(:SugarDispenser :Dispenser) - - - A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableFork "A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti.") +SubClassOf(:TableFork SOMA:Fork) - +# Class: () - - - A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableKnife "A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread.") +SubClassOf(:TableKnife :KitchenKnife) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableSpoon "A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating.") +SubClassOf(:TableSpoon :Spoon) +DisjointClasses(:TableSpoon :TeaSpoon) - - - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TeaSpoon "A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml.") +SubClassOf(:TeaSpoon :Spoon) - +# Class: () - - - A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WaterBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water.") +SubClassOf(:WaterBottle SOMA:Bottle) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WaterGlass "A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it.") +SubClassOf(:WaterGlass :Glass) - - - A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WineBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine.") +SubClassOf(:WineBottle SOMA:Bottle) - +# Class: () - - - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WineGlass "A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it.") +SubClassOf(:WineGlass :Glass) +# Class: () - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Appliance ) - - - A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. - - +# Class: () +SubClassOf(SOMA:BakedGood SOMA:Dish) - +# Class: () - - - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Blade "A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Blade SOMA:DesignedComponent) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Bottle "A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Bottle SOMA:DesignedContainer) - - - A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Bowl "A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Bowl SOMA:Crockery) - +# Class: () - - - A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper. - - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Bread SOMA:BakedGood) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Building "A structure with a roof and walls.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Building SOMA:DesignedContainer) - - - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Ceiling "The upper interior surface of a room.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:RoomSurface) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:Floor) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:Wall) - +# Class: () - - - A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad. - - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Compartment SOMA:DesignedComponent) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Countertop "A flat surface for working on.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Countertop SOMA:DesignedComponent) - - - A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Crockery "An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery SOMA:DesignedContainer) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery SOMA:Tableware) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Insertion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))))) - +# Class: () - - - A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cupboard "A piece of furniture for storing things.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard SOMA:DesignedContainer) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard SOMA:DesignedFurniture) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Rack)) +# Class: () - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cutlery SOMA:Tableware) - - - A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup. - - +# Class: () +SubClassOf(SOMA:CuttingTool SOMA:DesignedTool) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CuttingTool ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Shaping)) - +# Class: (Designed component) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle. - - +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ) +# Class: (Designed container) - +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ) - - - A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar. - - +# Class: (Designed furniture) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedFurniture ) - +# Class: (Designed handle) - - - A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedHandle "An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedHandle "Designed handle") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedHandle SOMA:DesignedComponent) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedHandle ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Graspability)) +# Class: (Designed spade) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedSpade "A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedSpade "Designed spade") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedSpade SOMA:DesignedComponent) - - - A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread. - - +# Class: (Designed tool) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedTool ) - +# Class: () - - - - A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating. - - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dish ) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dishwasher "An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dishwasher SOMA:Appliance) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dishwasher SOMA:DesignedContainer) - - - A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DishwasherTab "A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DishwasherTab ) - +# Class: () - - - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Door "A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Door SOMA:DesignedComponent) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Drawer "A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Drawer SOMA:DesignedComponent) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Drawer SOMA:DesignedContainer) - - - A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Floor "The lower interior surface of a room.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Floor SOMA:RoomSurface) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Floor SOMA:Wall) - +# Class: () - - - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fork "Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Fork SOMA:Cutlery) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Fork ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FreezerCompartment "A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FreezerCompartment SOMA:Compartment) - - - A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Hotplate "A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Hotplate SOMA:DesignedComponent) - +# Class: () - - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Knife "An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife SOMA:CuttingTool) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Blade)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lid "A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Lid SOMA:DesignedComponent) - - - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pack "A small cardboard or paper container.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pack SOMA:DesignedContainer) - +# Class: () - - - A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pan "A container used for cooking food.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pan SOMA:Crockery) +# Class: () - +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pancake SOMA:BakedGood) - - - A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids. - - +# Class: () +SubClassOf(SOMA:PancakeMix ) - +# Class: () - - - A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Plate "A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Plate SOMA:Crockery) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pot "A container used for cooking food.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Pot SOMA:Crockery) - - - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Rack "A frame for holding or storing things.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Rack SOMA:DesignedComponent) - +# Class: () - - - A structure with a roof and walls. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Refrigerator "An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator SOMA:Appliance) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator SOMA:DesignedContainer) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Door)) +# Class: (Room surface) - +SubClassOf(SOMA:RoomSurface SOMA:Surface) - - - - - The upper interior surface of a room. - - +# Class: () +SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula SOMA:Cutlery) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedSpade)) - +# Class: () - - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Stove "An appliance for cooking or heating.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Stove SOMA:Appliance) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Stove ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Hotplate)) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Table "A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Table SOMA:DesignedFurniture) - - - A flat surface for working on. - - +# Class: () +SubClassOf(SOMA:Tableware SOMA:DesignedTool) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Wall "An upright surface of a building or room.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Wall SOMA:RoomSurface) - - - - - - - - - - - - A piece of furniture for storing things. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability. - Designed handle - - - - - - - - - A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting. - Designed spade - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically. - - - - - - - - - A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers. - - - - - - - - - A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard. - - - - - - - - - - A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture. - - - - - - - - - - The lower interior surface of a room. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting. - - - - - - - - - A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon. - - - - - - - A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container. - - - - - - - - - A small cardboard or paper container. - - - - - - - - - A container used for cooking food. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served. - - - - - - - - - A container used for cooking food. - - - - - - - - - A frame for holding or storing things. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An appliance for cooking or heating. - - - - - - - - - A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An upright surface of a building or room. - - - - - - - - - - - - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl index c048af17..21da4410 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl @@ -1,140 +1,88 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An agent that is implemented in software. - Computational agent - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) - +Ontology( +Import() - - - An information realization of quantitative data. - Digital data - - +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ComputationalAgent)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DigitalData)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DigitalObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FaultySoftware)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwarePackage)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareType)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:UnavailableSoftware)) +Declaration(Class()) - - - - - An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc. - Digital object - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ +# Class: (Computational agent) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ComputationalAgent "An agent that is implemented in software.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ComputationalAgent "Computational agent") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ComputationalAgent ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation )) - - - A description of a situation where some software has a bug. - Faulty software - - +# Class: (Digital data) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DigitalData "An information realization of quantitative data.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DigitalData "Digital data") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalData ) - +# Class: (Digital object) - - - A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other. - Incompatible software - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DigitalObject "An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DigitalObject "Digital object") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalObject ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalObject ) +# Class: (Faulty software) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FaultySoftware "A description of a situation where some software has a bug.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FaultySoftware "Faulty software"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FaultySoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - - - An information realization in form of a executable computer program. - Software implementation - - +# Class: (Incompatible software) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware "A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware "Incompatible software"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - +# Class: (Software implementation) - - - A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software. - Software package - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareImplementation "An information realization in form of a executable computer program.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareImplementation "Software implementation") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation SOMA:DigitalObject) +# Class: (Software package) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwarePackage "A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwarePackage "Software package") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwarePackage SOMA:DigitalObject) - - - - - - - - - A concept that classifies software objects. - Software type - - +# Class: (Software type) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareType "A concept that classifies software objects.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareType "Software type") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareType ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:SoftwareImplementation)) - +# Class: (Unavailable software) - - - A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available. - Unavailable software - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UnavailableSoftware "A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:UnavailableSoftware "Unavailable software"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:UnavailableSoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - - - - - - - - - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl index c1ccb209..6d7405b4 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -1,72 +1,45 @@ - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) - +Ontology( +Import() - +Declaration(Class(SOMA:KinoDynamicData)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MeshShapeData)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:VideoData)) - - - - - - - - - - An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. - Kino-dynamic data - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ +# Class: (Kino-dynamic data) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:KinoDynamicData "An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:KinoDynamicData "Kino-dynamic data"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:KinoDynamicData ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:KinoDynamicData ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - - - - - - - - - An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. - Mesh-shape data - - +# Class: (Mesh-shape data) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MeshShapeData "An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MeshShapeData "Mesh-shape data"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShapeData ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShapeData ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - +# Class: (Video data) - - - An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. - Video data - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:VideoData "An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:VideoData "Video data"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:VideoData ) - - - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index c58d568b..42bd1c3e 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1,3611 +1,2136 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. - has child link - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. - has end link - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to its physical limits. - has joint limit - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to its state. - has joint state - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to its kinematic components. - has link - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. - has net force - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. - has parent link - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. - has root link - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. - is child link of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. - is end link of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to its physical limits. - is joint limit of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to its state. - is joint state of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to its kinematic components. - is link of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - is mass attribute of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. - is net force of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. - is parent link of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. - is root link of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType). - affordance defines - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an Affordance and a Task - affordance defines task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - affords bearer - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. - affords concept - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - affords setpoint - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - affords task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - affords trigger - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains. - contains object - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. - defines bearer - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a parameter. - defines parameter - - - - - - - - - - - - Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. - defines setpoint - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. - defines trigger - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a description to a quality that it describes. - describes quality - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. - has alteration result - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to its color quality. - has color - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed. - has design - - - - - - - - - - - - Associates an object to one of its dispositions. - has disposition - - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a physical object to one of its features. - has feature - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute. - has friction attribute - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to its localization quality. - has localization - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - has mass attribute - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. - has quale - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an object to its shape quality. - has shape - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute. - has shape region - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an entity to a space region. - has space region - - - - - - - - - - - - Effector participation. - involves effector - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. - is alteration result of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - is bearer afforded by - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. - is bearer defined in - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to. - is color of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. - is concept afforded by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Concept and an Affordance. - is defined in affordance - - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. - is deposit of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it. - is design of - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it. - is disposition of - - - - - - - - - - - Effector participation. - is effector involved in - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to. - is feature of - - - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. - is inside of - - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation. - is linked to - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to. - is localization of - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. - is ontop of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a description and a parameter. - is parameter defined in - - - - - - - - - - - A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. - is physically contained in - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. - is quale of - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a description to a quality it describes. - is quality described by - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - is setpoint afforded by - - - - - - - - - - - Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. - is setpoint defined in - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to. - is shape of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a shape to a physical object that has it. - is shape region of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a space region to an entity. - is space region for - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. - is supported by - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - is task afforded by - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance. - is task defined in affordance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - is trigger afforded by - - - - - - - - - - - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. - is trigger defined in - - - - - - - - - - - Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() + +Declaration(Class(:ArtificialAgent)) +Declaration(Class(:ContinuousJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:FixedJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:FloatingJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:ForceAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(:HingeJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:Joint)) +Declaration(Class(:JointLimit)) +Declaration(Class(:JointState)) +Declaration(Class(:MovableJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:NetForce)) +Declaration(Class(:PlanarJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:PrismaticJoint)) +Declaration(Class(:RevoluteJoint)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Accessor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AestheticDesign)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Affordance)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AgentRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlteredObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Appliance)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Arm)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AvoidedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Barrier)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BeneficiaryRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Blockage)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BlockedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BoxShape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Capacity)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausalEventRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausativeRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CircularCylinder)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Clean)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cleanliness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Color)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ColorRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommitedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Composing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConnectedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Connectivity)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Container)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cover)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Coverage)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoveredObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CreatedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CylinderShape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DependentPlace)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deposit)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DepositedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deposition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedComponent)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedContainer)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedFurniture)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedTool)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Destination)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DestroyedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DetectedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceStateRange)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dirty)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Disposition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Effort)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:EnclosedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Enclosing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:EventAdjacentRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExperiencerRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExtractedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Extrinsic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Feature)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Finger)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FrictionAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalDesign)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalPart)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:GoalRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Graspability)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:GreenColor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Gripper)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Hand)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:HasQualityRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Head)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Impediment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:IncludedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:InsertedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Insertion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Instrument)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Intrinsic)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Item)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Leg)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Limb)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Linkage)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Localization)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Location)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LocatumRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MassAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Material)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MeshShape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Obstacle)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Origin)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PathRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalEffector)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalQuality)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileEffector)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Protector)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Purification)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:QualityTransition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RecipientRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RedColor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelatumRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelevantPart)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ResourceRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RestrictedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Restrictor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ResultRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Room)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoomSurface)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SelectedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Setpoint)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapeRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shaping)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Sharpness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shifting)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Size)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SocialQuality)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SourceMaterialRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SpatialRelationRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SphereShape)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StimulusRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StructuralDesign)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Supporter)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Surface)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Temperature)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tempering)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:TimeRole)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tool)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Transient)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Variability)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasChildLink)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasEndLink)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasJointLimit)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasJointState)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasLink)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasNetForce)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParentLink)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRootLink)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isChildLinkOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isEndLinkOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isJointLimitOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isJointStateOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isLinkOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isMassAttributeOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isNetForceOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParentLinkOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRootLinkOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordanceDefines)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsBearer)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsConcept)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsSetpoint)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTrigger)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:containsObject)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesBearer)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesParameter)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesSetpoint)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesTrigger)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:describesQuality)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasAlterationResult)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasColor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDesign)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDisposition)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFeature)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasLocalization)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasMassAttribute)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasQuale)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShape)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShapeRegion)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesEffector)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isColorOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDepositOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDesignOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDispositionOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isFeatureOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInsideOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isLinkedTo)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isLocalizationOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOntopOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isQualeOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isShapeOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSupportedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:supports)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsBack)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsFrom)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsTo)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasForceValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointEffort)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointEffortLimit)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointParameter)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPosition)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPositionMax)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPositionMin)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointVelocity)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointVelocityLimit)) +Declaration(DataProperty(:hasShapeScale)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasColorValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasDepth)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasFilePath)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasFrictionValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasHSVValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasHeight)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasLength)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasMassValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPositionData)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasRGBValue)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasRadius)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasShapeParameter)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasWidth)) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (has child link) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasChildLink "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasChildLink "has child link") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasChildLink ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasChildLink :isChildLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasChildLink :Joint) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasChildLink ) + +# Object Property: (has end link) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasEndLink "Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasEndLink "has end link") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasEndLink :hasLink) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasEndLink :isEndLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasEndLink ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasEndLink ) + +# Object Property: (has joint limit) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointLimit "Relates a joint to its physical limits.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointLimit "has joint limit") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasJointLimit ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasJointLimit :isJointLimitOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasJointLimit :Joint) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasJointLimit :JointLimit) + +# Object Property: (has joint state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointState "Relates a joint to its state.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointState "has joint state") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasJointState ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasJointState :isJointStateOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasJointState :Joint) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasJointState :JointState) + +# Object Property: (has link) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasLink "Relates an object to its kinematic components.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasLink "has link") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasLink ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasLink :isLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasLink ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasLink ) + +# Object Property: (has net force) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasNetForce "A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasNetForce "has net force") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasNetForce ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasNetForce :isNetForceOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasNetForce ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasNetForce :NetForce) + +# Object Property: (has parent link) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParentLink "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParentLink "has parent link") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParentLink ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasParentLink :isParentLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParentLink :Joint) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParentLink ) + +# Object Property: (has root link) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRootLink "Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRootLink "has root link") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRootLink :hasLink) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasRootLink :isRootLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRootLink ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRootLink ) + +# Object Property: (is child link of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isChildLinkOf "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isChildLinkOf "is child link of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isChildLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isChildLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isChildLinkOf :Joint) + +# Object Property: (is end link of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isEndLinkOf "Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isEndLinkOf "is end link of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isEndLinkOf :isLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isEndLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isEndLinkOf ) + +# Object Property: (is joint limit of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isJointLimitOf "Relates a joint to its physical limits.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isJointLimitOf "is joint limit of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isJointLimitOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isJointLimitOf :JointLimit) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isJointLimitOf :Joint) + +# Object Property: (is joint state of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isJointStateOf "Relates a joint to its state.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isJointStateOf "is joint state of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isJointStateOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isJointStateOf :JointState) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isJointStateOf :Joint) + +# Object Property: (is link of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isLinkOf "Relates an object to its kinematic components.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isLinkOf "is link of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isLinkOf ) + +# Object Property: (is mass attribute of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isMassAttributeOf "A relation between physical objects and their mass.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isMassAttributeOf "is mass attribute of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isMassAttributeOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(:isMassAttributeOf SOMA:hasMassAttribute) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isMassAttributeOf SOMA:MassAttribute) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isMassAttributeOf ) + +# Object Property: (is net force of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isNetForceOf "A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isNetForceOf "is net force of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isNetForceOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isNetForceOf :NetForce) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isNetForceOf ) + +# Object Property: (is parent link of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParentLinkOf "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParentLinkOf "is parent link of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParentLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParentLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isParentLinkOf :Joint) + +# Object Property: (is root link of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRootLinkOf "Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRootLinkOf "is root link of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRootLinkOf :isLinkOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRootLinkOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isRootLinkOf ) + +# Object Property: (affordance defines) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordanceDefines "A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordanceDefines "affordance defines") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefines ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordanceDefines SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordanceDefines SOMA:Affordance) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordanceDefines ) + +# Object Property: (affordance defines task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask "A relation between an Affordance and a Task") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask "affordance defines task") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:affordanceDefines) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:Affordance) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask ) + +# Object Property: (affords bearer) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsBearer "Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsBearer "affords bearer") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:affordsConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsBearer ) + +# Object Property: (affords concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsConcept "A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsConcept "affords concept") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsConcept ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsConcept SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsConcept SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsConcept ) + +# Object Property: (affords setpoint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsSetpoint "Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsSetpoint "affords setpoint") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:affordsConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:Setpoint) + +# Object Property: (affords task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsTask "Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsTask "affords task") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:affordsConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsTask ) + +# Object Property: (affords trigger) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsTrigger "Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsTrigger "affords trigger") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:affordsConcept) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsTrigger ) + +# Object Property: (contains object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:containsObject "A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:containsObject "contains object") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsObject SOMA:contains) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsObject ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:containsObject SOMA:isInsideOf) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:containsObject) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:containsObject ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:containsObject ) + +# Object Property: (defines bearer) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesBearer "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesBearer "defines bearer") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesBearer ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesBearer SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesBearer SOMA:Affordance) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesBearer ) + +# Object Property: (defines parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesParameter "A relation between a description and a parameter.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesParameter "defines parameter") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesParameter ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesParameter SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesParameter ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesParameter ) + +# Object Property: (defines setpoint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesSetpoint "Defines the dedicated goal region of a description.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesSetpoint "defines setpoint") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:definesParameter) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesSetpoint ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:Setpoint) + +# Object Property: (defines trigger) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesTrigger "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesTrigger "defines trigger") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesTrigger ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesTrigger SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesTrigger SOMA:Affordance) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesTrigger ) + +# Object Property: (describes quality) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:describesQuality "Relates a description to a quality that it describes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:describesQuality "describes quality") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:describesQuality ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:describesQuality ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:describesQuality ) + +# Object Property: (has alteration result) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasAlterationResult "Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasAlterationResult "has alteration result") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasAlterationResult SOMA:isAlterationResultOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) + +# Object Property: (has color) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasColor "Relates an object to its color quality.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasColor "has color") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasColor ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasColor SOMA:isColorOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasColor ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasColor SOMA:Color) + +# Object Property: (has design) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDesign "Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDesign "has design") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDesign ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasDesign SOMA:isDesignOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDesign ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDesign ) + +# Object Property: (has disposition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDisposition "Associates an object to one of its dispositions.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDisposition "has disposition") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDisposition ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:isDispositionOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDisposition ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Disposition) + +# Object Property: (has feature) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFeature "Associates a physical object to one of its features.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFeature "has feature") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFeature ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasFeature SOMA:isFeatureOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFeature ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFeature SOMA:Feature) + +# Object Property: (has friction attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute "A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute "has friction attribute") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) + +# Object Property: (has localization) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasLocalization "Relates an object to its localization quality.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasLocalization "has localization") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasLocalization ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasLocalization SOMA:isLocalizationOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasLocalization ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasLocalization SOMA:Localization) + +# Object Property: (has mass attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasMassAttribute "A relation between physical objects and their mass.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasMassAttribute "has mass attribute") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasMassAttribute ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasMassAttribute ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasMassAttribute SOMA:MassAttribute) + +# Object Property: (has quale) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasQuale "Relates a quality to its \"value\", called quale, which is an atomic quality region.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasQuale "has quale") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasQuale ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasQuale SOMA:isQualeOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasQuale ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasQuale ) + +# Object Property: (has shape) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShape "Relates an object to its shape quality.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShape "has shape") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShape ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasShape SOMA:isShapeOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShape ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShape SOMA:Shape) + +# Object Property: (has shape region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShapeRegion "A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShapeRegion "has shape region") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShapeRegion ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:isShapeRegionOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShapeRegion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Shape )) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:ShapeRegion) + +# Object Property: (has space region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSpaceRegion "Relates an entity to a space region.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSpaceRegion "has space region") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Localization SOMA:ShapeRegion )) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ) + +# Object Property: (involves effector) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesEffector "Effector participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesEffector "involves effector") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesEffector ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesEffector SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesEffector ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesEffector SOMA:PhysicalEffector) + +# Object Property: (is alteration result of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAlterationResultOf "Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAlterationResultOf "is alteration result of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) + +# Object Property: (is bearer afforded by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy "is bearer afforded by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) + +# Object Property: (is bearer defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn "is bearer defined in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn SOMA:Affordance) + +# Object Property: (is color of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isColorOf "Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isColorOf "is color of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isColorOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isColorOf SOMA:Color) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isColorOf ) + +# Object Property: (is concept afforded by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy "A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy "is concept afforded by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) + +# Object Property: (is defined in affordance) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance "A relation between a Concept and an Affordance.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance "is defined in affordance") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance SOMA:Affordance) + +# Object Property: (is deposit of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDepositOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDepositOf "is deposit of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDepositOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isDepositOf SOMA:isOntopOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDepositOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDepositOf ) + +# Object Property: (is design of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDesignOf "Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDesignOf "is design of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDesignOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDesignOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDesignOf ) + +# Object Property: (is disposition of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDispositionOf "Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDispositionOf "is disposition of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDispositionOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDispositionOf SOMA:Disposition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDispositionOf ) + +# Object Property: (is effector involved in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn "Effector participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn "is effector involved in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn SOMA:PhysicalEffector) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is feature of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isFeatureOf "Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isFeatureOf "is feature of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isFeatureOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isFeatureOf SOMA:Feature) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isFeatureOf ) + +# Object Property: (is inside of) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInsideOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInsideOf "is inside of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInsideOf SOMA:isContainedIn) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInsideOf ) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:isInsideOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInsideOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInsideOf ) - - - - - - - - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry. - transitions back - - +# Object Property: (is linked to) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isLinkedTo "A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isLinkedTo "is linked to") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) +SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:isLinkedTo) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) +# Object Property: (is localization of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isLocalizationOf "Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isLocalizationOf "is localization of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isLocalizationOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isLocalizationOf SOMA:Localization) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isLocalizationOf ) - +# Object Property: (is ontop of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOntopOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOntopOf "is ontop of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOntopOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOntopOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOntopOf ) - - - - - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking. - transitions from - - +# Object Property: (is parameter defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a parameter.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn "is parameter defined in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) +# Object Property: (is physically contained in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn "A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn "is physically contained in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) - +# Object Property: (is quale of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isQualeOf "Relates a quality to its \"value\", called quale, which is an atomic quality region.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isQualeOf "is quale of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isQualeOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isQualeOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isQualeOf ) - - - - - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process. - transitions to - - +# Object Property: (is quality described by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy "Relates a description to a quality it describes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy "is quality described by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) +# Object Property: (is setpoint afforded by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy "is setpoint afforded by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:Setpoint) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - +# Object Property: (is setpoint defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn "Defines the dedicated goal region of a description.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn "is setpoint defined in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn SOMA:Setpoint) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn ) - - +# Object Property: (is shape of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isShapeOf "Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isShapeOf "is shape of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isShapeOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isShapeOf SOMA:Shape) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isShapeOf ) +# Object Property: (is shape region of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isShapeRegionOf "Relates a shape to a physical object that has it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isShapeRegionOf "is shape region of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf SOMA:ShapeRegion) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Shape )) - +# Object Property: (is space region for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor "Relates a space region to an entity.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor "is space region for") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Localization )) - - +# Object Property: (is supported by) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSupportedBy "Relates a supportee to one of its supporters.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSupportedBy "is supported by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isSupportedBy SOMA:supports) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) - +# Object Property: (is task afforded by) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy "is task afforded by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) +# Object Property: (is task defined in affordance) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance "A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance "is task defined in affordance") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance SOMA:Affordance) - - - - - A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. - has force value - - +# Object Property: (is trigger afforded by) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy "is trigger afforded by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - +# Object Property: (is trigger defined in) - - - - - The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). - has joint effort - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn "is trigger defined in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn SOMA:Affordance) +# Object Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:supports "Relates a supportee to one of its supporters.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:supports ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:supports ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:supports ) - - - - - The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). - has joint effort limit - - +# Object Property: (transitions back) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsBack "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsBack "transitions back"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:transitionsFrom) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:transitionsTo) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:Transient) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsBack ) - +# Object Property: (transitions from) - - - - - Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint. - has joint parameter - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsFrom "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsFrom "transitions from"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsFrom ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsFrom SOMA:Transient) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsFrom ) +# Object Property: (transitions to) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsTo "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsTo "transitions to"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsTo ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsTo SOMA:Transient) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsTo ) - - - - - The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - has joint position - - +############################ +# Data Properties +############################ - +# Data Property: (has force value) - - - - - The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - has joint position max - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasForceValue "A value that quantifies a force given in Newton.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasForceValue "has force value") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasForceValue ) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasForceValue :ForceAttribute) +DataPropertyRange(:hasForceValue SOMA:array_double) +# Data Property: (has joint effort) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointEffort "The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointEffort "has joint effort") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointEffort :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointEffort :JointState) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointEffort xsd:double) - - - - - The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - has joint position min - - +# Data Property: (has joint effort limit) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointEffortLimit "The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointEffortLimit "has joint effort limit") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointEffortLimit :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointEffortLimit :JointLimit) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointEffortLimit xsd:double) - +# Data Property: (has joint parameter) - - - - - The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). - has joint velocity - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointParameter "Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointParameter "has joint parameter") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointParameter ) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointParameter ) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointParameter xsd:double) +# Data Property: (has joint position) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPosition "The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPosition "has joint position") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPosition :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPosition :JointState) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPosition xsd:double) - - - - - The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). - has joint velocity limit - - +# Data Property: (has joint position max) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPositionMax "The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPositionMax "has joint position max") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPositionMax :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPositionMax :JointLimit) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPositionMax xsd:double) - +# Data Property: (has joint position min) - - - - - The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPositionMin "The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPositionMin "has joint position min") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPositionMin :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPositionMin :JointLimit) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPositionMin xsd:double) + +# Data Property: (has joint velocity) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointVelocity "The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointVelocity "has joint velocity") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointVelocity :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointVelocity :JointState) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointVelocity xsd:double) + +# Data Property: (has joint velocity limit) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointVelocityLimit "The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointVelocityLimit "has joint velocity limit") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointVelocityLimit :hasJointParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointVelocityLimit :JointLimit) +DataPropertyRange(:hasJointVelocityLimit xsd:double) + +# Data Property: (has shape scale) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasShapeScale "The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. It is often the case that shapes need to be altered from their description in a shape file, and a typical example of this is scaling a mesh. -In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms. - has shape scale - - +In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasShapeScale "has shape scale") +SubDataPropertyOf(:hasShapeScale SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(:hasShapeScale SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(:hasShapeScale SOMA:array_double) + +# Data Property: (has color value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasColorValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasColorValue "has color value") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasColorValue ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasColorValue SOMA:ColorRegion) + +# Data Property: (has depth) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDepth "The depth of a shape.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDepth "has depth") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDepth SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDepth SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDepth xsd:float) + +# Data Property: (has file path) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFilePath "Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFilePath "has file path") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFilePath ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFilePath ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFilePath xsd:string) + +# Data Property: (has friction value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFrictionValue "The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFrictionValue "has friction value") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFrictionValue ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFrictionValue SOMA:FrictionAttribute) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFrictionValue xsd:double) + +# Data Property: (has hsv value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasHSVValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasHSVValue "has hsv value") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasHSVValue SOMA:hasColorValue) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasHSVValue SOMA:ColorRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasHSVValue xsd:string) + +# Data Property: (has height) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasHeight "The height of a shape.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasHeight "has height") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasHeight SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasHeight SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasHeight xsd:float) + +# Data Property: (has length) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasLength "The length of a shape.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasLength "has length") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasLength SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasLength SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasLength xsd:float) + +# Data Property: (has mass value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasMassValue "The mass value of a physical object in kilogram.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasMassValue "has mass value") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasMassValue ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasMassValue SOMA:MassAttribute) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasMassValue xsd:double) + +# Data Property: (has position data) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPositionData "Associates a spatial region to a position.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPositionData "has position data") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPositionData SOMA:hasSpaceParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPositionData ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string) + +# Data Property: (has rgb value) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasRGBValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasRGBValue "has rgb value") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasRGBValue SOMA:hasColorValue) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasRGBValue SOMA:ColorRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasRGBValue xsd:string) + +# Data Property: (has radius) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasRadius "The radius of a circular or oval shape.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasRadius "has radius") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasRadius SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasRadius SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float) + +# Data Property: (has reference frame) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasReferenceFrame "Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasReferenceFrame "has reference frame") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame SOMA:hasSpaceParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame xsd:string) + +# Data Property: (has shape parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShapeParameter "Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShapeParameter "has shape parameter") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShapeParameter ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShapeParameter SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShapeParameter DataUnionOf(SOMA:array_double xsd:double xsd:float xsd:string)) + +# Data Property: (has space parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSpaceParameter "Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSpaceParameter "has space parameter") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter ) + +# Data Property: (has width) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasWidth "The width of a shape.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasWidth "has width") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasWidth SOMA:hasShapeParameter) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasWidth SOMA:ShapeRegion) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasWidth xsd:float) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: (Artificial agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ArtificialAgent "A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. + +There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ArtificialAgent "Artificial agent") +SubClassOf(:ArtificialAgent ) + +# Class: (Continuous joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ContinuousJoint "A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ContinuousJoint "Continuous joint") +SubClassOf(:ContinuousJoint :HingeJoint) + +# Class: (Fixed joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FixedJoint "A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FixedJoint "Fixed joint") +SubClassOf(:FixedJoint :Joint) +SubClassOf(:FixedJoint ObjectExactCardinality(0 :hasJointState )) +DisjointClasses(:FixedJoint :MovableJoint) + +# Class: (Floating joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FloatingJoint "A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FloatingJoint "Floating joint") +SubClassOf(:FloatingJoint :MovableJoint) + +# Class: (Force attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ForceAttribute "The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ForceAttribute "Force attribute") +SubClassOf(:ForceAttribute ) +SubClassOf(:ForceAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 :hasForceValue SOMA:array_double)) + +# Class: (Hinge joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :HingeJoint "A joint that rotates along an axis.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :HingeJoint "Hinge joint") +SubClassOf(:HingeJoint :MovableJoint) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Joint "An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure.") +EquivalentClasses(:Joint ObjectUnionOf(:FixedJoint :MovableJoint)) +SubClassOf(:Joint ) +SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasChildLink )) +SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasParentLink )) +SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectMaxCardinality(1 :hasJointState :JointState)) + +# Class: (Joint limit) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JointLimit "The physical limits of a joint.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :JointLimit "Joint limit") +SubClassOf(:JointLimit ) + +# Class: (Joint state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JointState "The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :JointState "Joint state") +SubClassOf(:JointState ) +SubClassOf(:JointState DataExactCardinality(1 :hasJointPosition xsd:double)) +SubClassOf(:JointState DataExactCardinality(1 :hasJointVelocity xsd:double)) +SubClassOf(:JointState DataMaxCardinality(1 :hasJointEffort xsd:double)) + +# Class: (Movable joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MovableJoint "A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :MovableJoint "Movable joint") +SubClassOf(:MovableJoint :Joint) +SubClassOf(:MovableJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointState :JointState)) + +# Class: (Net force) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NetForce "The accumulated force acting upon an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :NetForce "Net force") +SubClassOf(:NetForce :ForceAttribute) + +# Class: (Planar joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PlanarJoint "A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PlanarJoint "Planar joint") +SubClassOf(:PlanarJoint :MovableJoint) + +# Class: (Prismatic joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PrismaticJoint "A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PrismaticJoint "Prismatic joint") +SubClassOf(:PrismaticJoint :MovableJoint) +SubClassOf(:PrismaticJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointLimit :JointLimit)) + +# Class: (Revolute joint) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :RevoluteJoint "A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :RevoluteJoint "Revolute joint") +SubClassOf(:RevoluteJoint :HingeJoint) +SubClassOf(:RevoluteJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointLimit :JointLimit)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accessor "A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Accessor SOMA:Instrument) + +# Class: (Aesthetic Design) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AestheticDesign "A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. + +Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AestheticDesign "Aesthetic Design") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AestheticDesign ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Affordance "A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Disposition)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesBearer )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesTrigger )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) + +# Class: (Agent role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AgentRole "A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. + +The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AgentRole "Agent role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AgentRole SOMA:CausativeRole) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AgentRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: (Altered object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AlteredObject "An object undergoing modifications.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AlteredObject "Altered object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AlteredObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Appliance "A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Appliance ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Arm "A limb used to reach for objects.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Arm SOMA:Limb) + +# Class: (Avoided object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AvoidedObject "An object that is avoided.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AvoidedObject "Avoided object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AvoidedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Barrier "A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Barrier SOMA:Restrictor) + +# Class: (Beneficiary role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BeneficiaryRole "A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BeneficiaryRole "Beneficiary role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BeneficiaryRole SOMA:GoalRole) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Blockage "The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage SOMA:Disposition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Barrier)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:BlockedObject)) + +# Class: (Blocked object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BlockedObject "An object that is blocked from accessing something.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BlockedObject "Blocked object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BlockedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: (Box shape) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BoxShape "A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BoxShape "Box shape") +SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasHeight xsd:float)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasLength xsd:float)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasWidth xsd:float)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Capacity "The maximum amount an object can contain.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Capacity SOMA:Intrinsic) + +# Class: (Causal event role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausalEventRole "A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. + +As an example, consider the utterance \"the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket.\" In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the \"by hitting it with the racket\" constituent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausalEventRole "Causal event role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausalEventRole SOMA:CausativeRole) + +# Class: (Causative role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausativeRole "A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. + +The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausativeRole "Causative role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausativeRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) + +# Class: (Circular cylinder) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CircularCylinder "A cylinder figure with circular cross section.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CircularCylinder "Circular cylinder") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CircularCylinder SOMA:CylinderShape) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CircularCylinder DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Clean "A cleanliness region with values considered as clean.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Clean SOMA:CleanlinessRegion) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cleanliness "The quality of being clean.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness SOMA:SocialQuality) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) + +# Class: (Cleanliness region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CleanlinessRegion "Encodes the cleanliness of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CleanlinessRegion "Cleanliness region"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CleanlinessRegion ) + +# Class: (Color) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Color "The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Color "Color") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Color SOMA:Extrinsic) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Color ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ColorRegion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Color ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ColorRegion)) + +# Class: (Color region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ColorRegion "Encodes the color of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ColorRegion "Color region") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ColorRegion ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ColorRegion ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Color)) + +# Class: (Commited object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommitedObject "An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommitedObject "Commited object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommitedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Composing "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Composing SOMA:Variability) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Composing ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ConnectedObject)) + +# Class: (Connected object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConnectedObject "An object that is combined with another object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ConnectedObject "Connected object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ConnectedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Connectivity "The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity SOMA:Disposition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:ConnectedObject)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ConnectedObject)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Container "A role classifying an object used to contain others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Container SOMA:Restrictor) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Containment "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment SOMA:Disposition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Container)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:IncludedObject)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:isDispositionOf ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Capacity))) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cover "An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Cover SOMA:Barrier) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Coverage "The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage SOMA:Blockage) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Cover)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:CoveredObject)) + +# Class: (Covered object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoveredObject "An object that is covered.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CoveredObject "Covered object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveredObject SOMA:BlockedObject) + +# Class: (Created object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CreatedObject "An object that is created.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CreatedObject "Created object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CreatedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: (Cylinder shape) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CylinderShape "A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CylinderShape "Cylinder shape") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape DataSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasLength xsd:float)) - +# Class: (Dependent place) - - - - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. - has color value - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DependentPlace "A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DependentPlace "Dependent place"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DependentPlace SOMA:Feature) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deposit "A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposit SOMA:Instrument) - - - - - The depth of a shape. - has depth - - +# Class: (Deposited object) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DepositedObject "An object placed ontop of another one.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DepositedObject "Deposited object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DepositedObject SOMA:Patient) - +# Class: () - - - - - Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. - has file path - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deposition "The disposition to support objects.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition SOMA:Disposition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Deposit)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:DepositedObject)) +# Class: (Designed component) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedComponent "An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedComponent "Designed component") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent SOMA:FunctionalPart) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Connectivity)) - - - - - The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless. - has friction value - - +# Class: (Designed container) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedContainer "An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedContainer "Designed container") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment)) - +# Class: (Designed furniture) - - - - - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. - has hsv value - - - - - - - - - - - The height of a shape. - has height - - - - - - - - - - - The length of a shape. - has length - - - - - - - - - - - The mass value of a physical object in kilogram. - has mass value - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a spatial region to a position. - has position data - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. - has rgb value - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedFurniture "An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedFurniture "Designed furniture") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedFurniture ) +# Class: (Designed tool) - - - - - - - The radius of a circular or oval shape. - has radius - - - - - - - - - - - Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. - has reference frame - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. - has shape parameter - - - - - - - - - - Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. - has space parameter - - - - - - - - - - - The width of a shape. - has width - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. - -There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. - Artificial agent - - - - - - - - - A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. - Continuous joint - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links. - Fixed joint - - - - - - - - - A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. - Floating joint - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it. - Force attribute - - - - - - - - - A joint that rotates along an axis. - Hinge joint - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. - - - - - - - - - The physical limits of a joint. - Joint limit - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it. - Joint state - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension. - Movable joint - - - - - - - - - The accumulated force acting upon an object. - Net force - - - - - - - - - A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis. - Planar joint - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. - Prismatic joint - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. - Revolute joint - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity. - - - - - - - - - A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. - -Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement. - Aesthetic Design - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. - -The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about. - Agent role - - - - - - - - - An object undergoing modifications. - Altered object - - - - - - - - - A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way. - - - - - - - - - A limb used to reach for objects. - - - - - - - - - An object that is avoided. - Avoided object - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group. - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed. - Beneficiary role - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedTool "An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedTool "Designed tool") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedTool ) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Destination "A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Destination SOMA:Location) - - - An object that is blocked from accessing something. - Blocked object - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles. - Box shape - - - - - - - - - The maximum amount an object can contain. - - - - - - - - - A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. - -As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket." In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the "by hitting it with the racket" constituent. - Causal event role - - - - - - - - - A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. - -The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents. - Causative role - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A cylinder figure with circular cross section. - Circular cylinder - - - - - - - - - A cleanliness region with values considered as clean. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The quality of being clean. - - - - - - - - - Encodes the cleanliness of an object. - Cleanliness region - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color. - Color - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Encodes the color of an object. - Color region - - - - - - - - - An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form. - Commited object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others. - - - - - - - - - An object that is combined with another object. - Connected object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others. - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object used to contain others. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others. - - - - - - - - - An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container. - - - - - - - - - An object that is covered. - Covered object - - - - - - - - - An object that is created. - Created object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section. - Cylinder shape - - - - - - - - - A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese. - Dependent place - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities. - - - - - - - - - An object placed ontop of another one. - Deposited object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition to support objects. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole. - Designed component - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids). - Designed container - - - - - - - - - An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working. - Designed furniture - - +# Class: (Destroyed object) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DestroyedObject "An object that is detroyed.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DestroyedObject "Destroyed object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DestroyedObject SOMA:Patient) - +# Class: (Detected object) - - - An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. - Designed tool - - - - - - - - - A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards. - - - - - - - - - An object that is detroyed. - Destroyed object - - - - - - - - - An object that is detected. - Detected object - - - - - - - - - A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - This class defines the values that a device state can take. - Device state range - - - - - - - - - A value indicating a device is not in operation. - Device turned off - - - - - - - - - A value indicating a device is in operation. - Device turned on - - - - - - - - - A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers). - extrinsic - - - - - - - - - A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator. - - - - - - - - - An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object. - Enclosed object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. - - - - - - - - - A role classifying a participant in an event. - -In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. - Event adjacent role - Thematic role - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). - -The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role. - Existing object role - - - - - - - - - A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process. - Experiencer role - - - - - - - - - An object that is removed from a container or system. - Extracted object - - - - - - - - - - A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A limb used for grasping objects. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. - Friction attribute - - - - - - - - - The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. - Functional Design - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. - Functional part - - - - - - - - - A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action. - Goal role - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. - - - - - - - - - A color region with dominant green color. - Green color - - - - - - - - - A mechanical device that grasps and holds things. - - - - - - - - - A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - The relation between an individual quality and a region. - todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... - - - - - - - - - A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DetectedObject "An object that is detected.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DetectedObject "Detected object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DetectedObject SOMA:Patient) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceState "A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceState SOMA:Intrinsic) - - - An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object. - Included object - - +# Class: (Device state range) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceStateRange "This class defines the values that a device state can take.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceStateRange "Device state range"@en) +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:DeviceStateRange ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceStateRange ) + +# Class: (Device turned off) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff "A value indicating a device is not in operation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff "Device turned off"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff SOMA:DeviceStateRange) + +# Class: (Device turned on) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn "A value indicating a device is in operation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn "Device turned on"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn SOMA:DeviceStateRange) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dirty "A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Dirty SOMA:CleanlinessRegion) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Disposition "The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Disposition "extrinsic") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition SOMA:Extrinsic) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:Affordance)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition ObjectExactCardinality(1 ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesBearer ) ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesTrigger ) ObjectExactCardinality(1 )))) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Effort "A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Effort ) + +# Class: (Enclosed object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EnclosedObject "An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EnclosedObject "Enclosed object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:EnclosedObject SOMA:IncludedObject) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Enclosing "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Enclosing SOMA:Containment) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Enclosing ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:EnclosedObject)) + +# Class: (Event adjacent role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "A role classifying a participant in an event. + +In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "Event adjacent role"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "Thematic role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:EventAdjacentRole ) + +# Class: (Existing object role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExistingObjectRole "A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). + +The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExistingObjectRole "Existing object role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: (Experiencer role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExperiencerRole "A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExperiencerRole "Experiencer role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExperiencerRole SOMA:AgentRole) + +# Class: (Extracted object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExtractedObject "An object that is removed from a container or system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExtractedObject "Extracted object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExtractedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Extrinsic "A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Extrinsic SOMA:PhysicalQuality) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Extrinsic SOMA:Intrinsic) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Feature "Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Feature)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isFeatureOf )) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Finger "A limb used for grasping objects.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Finger SOMA:Limb) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Finger ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Hand)) + +# Class: (Friction attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FrictionAttribute "The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FrictionAttribute "Friction attribute") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FrictionAttribute ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FrictionAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasFrictionValue xsd:double)) + +# Class: (Functional Design) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalDesign "The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. ") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalDesign "Functional Design") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalDesign ) + +# Class: (Functional part) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalPart "Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalPart "Functional part") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalPart ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalPart ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))) + +# Class: (Goal role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GoalRole "A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GoalRole "Goal role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:GoalRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Graspability "The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Graspability SOMA:Disposition) + +# Class: (Green color) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GreenColor "A color region with dominant green color.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GreenColor "Green color") +SubClassOf(SOMA:GreenColor SOMA:ColorRegion) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Gripper "A mechanical device that grasps and holds things.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Gripper SOMA:PrehensileEffector) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Hand "A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Hand SOMA:PrehensileEffector) + +# Class: (Has quality region) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HasQualityRegion "The relation between an individual quality and a region.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HasQualityRegion "todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it...") +SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Head "A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Head SOMA:FunctionalPart) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Impediment "The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment SOMA:Blockage) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Obstacle)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:RestrictedObject)) + +# Class: (Included object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IncludedObject "An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IncludedObject "Included object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:IncludedObject SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: (Inserted object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InsertedObject "An object inserted into another object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:InsertedObject "Inserted object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:InsertedObject SOMA:EnclosedObject) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Insertion "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Insertion SOMA:Enclosing) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:InsertedObject)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Instrument "An object used to carry out the event.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Instrument SOMA:ResourceRole) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Intrinsic "A physical quality that is independent of context.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Intrinsic "intrinsic") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Intrinsic SOMA:PhysicalQuality) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Item "A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Item SOMA:Patient) + +# Class: (Kinetic friction attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute "Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute "Kinetic friction attribute") +SubClassOf(SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Leg "A limb on which an agent walks or stands.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Leg SOMA:Limb) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Limb "An arm or leg of an embodied agent.") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:Limb ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Arm SOMA:Leg)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Limb SOMA:PhysicalEffector) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Linkage "The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage SOMA:Connectivity) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:LinkedObject)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:LinkedObject)) + +# Class: (Linked object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LinkedObject "An object that is linked to some other object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LinkedObject "Linked object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Localization "The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization SOMA:Extrinsic) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Location "A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Location SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) + +# Class: (Locatum role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LocatumRole "Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LocatumRole "Locatum role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LocatumRole SOMA:SpatialRelationRole) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LocatumRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: (Mass attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MassAttribute "The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MassAttribute "Mass attribute") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MassAttribute ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MassAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasMassValue xsd:double)) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Material "The matter from which a thing is made.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Material SOMA:Intrinsic) + +# Class: (Mesh shape) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MeshShape "A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MeshShape "Mesh shape") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasFilePath xsd:string)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape DataMaxCardinality(1 :hasShapeScale SOMA:array_double)) + +# Class: (Moved object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovedObject "An object undergoing location change.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MovedObject "Moved object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject SOMA:AlteredObject) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:Localization))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Localization))) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Obstacle "An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Obstacle SOMA:Barrier) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Origin "A role classifying the location where an event or object originated.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Origin SOMA:Location) + +# Class: (Path role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PathRole "A role that classifies the path of a motion.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PathRole "Path role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PathRole SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Patient "A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Patient SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) + +# Class: (Physical effector) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalEffector "A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalEffector "Physical effector") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalEffector SOMA:FunctionalPart) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalEffector ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf() )) + +# Class: (Physical quality) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalQuality "Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalQuality "Physical quality") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalQuality ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalQuality ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) + +# Class: (Prehensile effector) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrehensileEffector "An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrehensileEffector "Prehensile effector") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileEffector SOMA:PhysicalEffector) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Protector "A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Protector SOMA:Restrictor) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Purification "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification SOMA:Variability) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Clean ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Cleanliness))))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))) + +# Class: (Quality transition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:QualityTransition "todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it...") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:QualityTransition "Quality transition"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:QualityTransition ) + +# Class: (Recipent role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RecipientRole "A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RecipientRole "Recipent role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RecipientRole SOMA:BeneficiaryRole) + +# Class: (Red color) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RedColor "A color region with dominant red color.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RedColor "Red color") +SubClassOf(SOMA:RedColor SOMA:ColorRegion) + +# Class: (Relation adjacent role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole "A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole "Relation adjacent role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole ) + +# Class: (Relatum role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelatumRole "Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelatumRole "Relatum role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RelatumRole SOMA:SpatialRelationRole) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RelatumRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) + +# Class: (Relevant part) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelevantPart "Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelevantPart "Relevant part"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RelevantPart SOMA:Feature) + +# Class: (Resource role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ResourceRole "A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. - - - - - An object inserted into another object. - Inserted object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal. - - - - - - - - - An object used to carry out the event. - - - - - - - - - A physical quality that is independent of context. - intrinsic - - - - - - - - - A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action. - - - - - - - - - Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other. - Kinetic friction attribute - - - - - - - - - A limb on which an agent walks or stands. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An arm or leg of an embodied agent. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together. - - - - - - - - - An object that is linked to some other object. - Linked object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space. - - - - - - - - - A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986). - Locatum role - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field. - Mass attribute - - - - - - - - - The matter from which a thing is made. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file. - Mesh shape - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An object undergoing location change. - Moved object - - - - - - - - - An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group. - - - - - - - - - A role classifying the location where an event or object originated. - - - - - - - - - A role that classifies the path of a motion. - Path role - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. - Physical effector - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation. - Physical quality - - - - - - - - - An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey. - Prehensile effector - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others. - - - - - - - - - todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... - Quality transition - - - - - - - - - A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action. - Recipent role - - - - - - - - - A color region with dominant red color. - Red color - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another. - Relation adjacent role - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986). - Relatum role - - - - - - - - - Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge. - Relevant part - - - - - - - - - A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. - Resources are usually not agentive; a different set of roles classifies the agentive participants in actions. Likewise, typically resources do not play causative or goal roles for the event. -Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable. - Resource role - - +Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ResourceRole "Resource role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ResourceRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) +# Class: (Restricted object) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RestrictedObject "An object with restrictions to access something.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RestrictedObject "Restricted object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RestrictedObject SOMA:BlockedObject) - - - An object with restrictions to access something. - Restricted object - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Restrictor "A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Restrictor SOMA:Instrument) - +# Class: (Result role) - - - A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ResultRole "A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ResultRole "Result role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ResultRole SOMA:GoalRole) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Room "Space that can be occupied or where something can be done.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Room ) - - - A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process. - Result role - - - - - - - - - Space that can be occupied or where something can be done. - - - - - - - - - The surface of a room. - Room surface - - - - - - - - - An object chosen as the result of some selection task. - Selected object - - - - - - - - - Classifies some dedicated goal region. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The external form, contours, or outline of an object. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - Encodes the shape of an object. - -Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame. - Shape region - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An object undergoing shape change. - Shaped object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others. - - - - - - - - - The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others. - - - - - - - - - The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume. - - - - - - - - - Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics. - Social quality - - - - - - - - - A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object. - Source material role - - - - - - - - - Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation. - Spatial relation role - - - - - - - - - Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time. - Spatio-temporal role - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre. - Sphere shape - - - - - - - - - Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other. - Static friction attribute - - - - - - - - - A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event). - Stimulus role - - +# Class: (Room surface) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoomSurface "The surface of a room.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoomSurface "Room surface"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RoomSurface SOMA:Surface) - +# Class: (Selected object) - - - A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. - - Structural Design - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SelectedObject "An object chosen as the result of some selection task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SelectedObject "Selected object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectedObject ) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Setpoint "Classifies some dedicated goal region.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Setpoint ) - - - An object that is supported by some supporter. - Supported object - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shape "The external form, contours, or outline of an object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape SOMA:Intrinsic) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ShapeRegion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ShapeRegion)) - +# Class: (Shape region) - - - A role classifying an object used to support others. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ShapeRegion "Encodes the shape of an object. +Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ShapeRegion "Shape region") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapeRegion ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapeRegion ObjectMaxCardinality(1 SOMA:hasSpaceRegion )) - +# Class: (Shaped object) - - - The outside part or uppermost layer of something. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ShapedObject "An object undergoing shape change.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ShapedObject "Shaped object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject SOMA:AlteredObject) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:Shape))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Shape))) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shaping "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping SOMA:Variability) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Shape))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ShapedObject)) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The heat present in an object. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Sharpness "The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Sharpness SOMA:Intrinsic) - +# Class: () - - - Encodes the temperature of an object. - Temperature region - - - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shifting "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting SOMA:Variability) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Localization))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:MovedObject)) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Size "The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Size SOMA:Intrinsic) - +# Class: (Social quality) - - - A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object. - Time role - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialQuality "Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SocialQuality "Social quality") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialQuality ) +# Class: (Source material role) - - - - - A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SourceMaterialRole "A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SourceMaterialRole "Source material role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SourceMaterialRole SOMA:ResourceRole) +# Class: (Spatial relation role) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SpatialRelationRole "Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SpatialRelationRole "Spatial relation role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SpatialRelationRole SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole) - - - - - - - - - Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. +# Class: (Spatio-temporal role) -A prototypical example is making a pancake on a heater. When PancakeMix is put on the hot plate, it ceases to be PancakeMix-- already, the chemical structure of the substance gets altered-- however it is only after sufficient heating that this object becomes a Pancake. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole "Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole "Spatio-temporal role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) -Transients are the objects undergoing such change processes; they are no longer the initial objects fed into the process, nor are they the objects produced as results. +# Class: (Sphere shape) -Instead, a Transient transitionsFrom some initial Object that was fed into a change Process. Typically, a Transient may transitionTo some resulting Object (though not always, some processes simply destroy objects). +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SphereShape "A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SphereShape "Sphere shape") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SphereShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SphereShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) + +# Class: (Static friction attribute) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute "Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute "Static friction attribute") +SubClassOf(SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) + +# Class: (Stimulus role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StimulusRole "A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StimulusRole "Stimulus role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StimulusRole SOMA:CausativeRole) + +# Class: (Structural Design) -It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StructuralDesign "A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. + ") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StructuralDesign "Structural Design") +SubClassOf(SOMA:StructuralDesign ) +# Class: (Supported object) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportedObject "An object that is supported by some supporter.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportedObject "Supported object"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Supporter "A role classifying an object used to support others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Supporter SOMA:Restrictor) - +# Class: () - - - - - - 1 - - - - A point in three dimensional space, given as translation. - 3D position - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Surface "The outside part or uppermost layer of something.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Surface ) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Temperature "The heat present in an object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature SOMA:Intrinsic) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) - - - - - - 1 - - - - A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system. - 6D pose - - +# Class: (Temperature region) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TemperatureRegion "Encodes the temperature of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TemperatureRegion "Temperature region"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TemperatureRegion ) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tempering "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Tempering SOMA:Variability) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Tempering ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Temperature))) +# Class: (Time role) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TimeRole "A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TimeRole "Time role"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TimeRole SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tool "A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Tool SOMA:Instrument) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Transient "Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. + +A prototypical example is making a pancake on a heater. When PancakeMix is put on the hot plate, it ceases to be PancakeMix-- already, the chemical structure of the substance gets altered-- however it is only after sufficient heating that this object becomes a Pancake. + +Transients are the objects undergoing such change processes; they are no longer the initial objects fed into the process, nor are they the objects produced as results. + +Instead, a Transient transitionsFrom some initial Object that was fed into a change Process. Typically, a Transient may transitionTo some resulting Object (though not always, some processes simply destroy objects). - +It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Transient ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Transient ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:transitionsFrom )) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Variability "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability SOMA:Disposition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Tool)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:AlteredObject)) - +# Class: (3D position) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A point in three dimensional space, given as translation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "3D position"@en) +SubClassOf( ) +SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string)) +# Class: (6D pose) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "6D pose"@en) +SubClassOf( ) +SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string)) - +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn ) SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:affordanceDefines) SOMA:affordsConcept) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask) SOMA:affordsTask) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesBearer) SOMA:affordsBearer) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesSetpoint) SOMA:affordsSetpoint) +SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesTrigger) SOMA:affordsTrigger) +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl index fc50b478..b0626a37 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl @@ -1,945 +1,475 @@ - - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() +Import() + +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Agonist)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Alteration)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlteredObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Antagonist)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Approaching)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BodyMovement)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Boiling)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ChemicalProcess)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Collision)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CreatedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Creation)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deformation)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DestroyedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Destruction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DirectedMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Driving)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fluid)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FluidFlow)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Flying)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ForceInteraction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:GraspingMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:HeadMovement)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:HeadTurning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Leaning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Limb)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LimbMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Locomotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Motion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovingAway)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhaseTransition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalEffector)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicsProcess)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PosturalMoving)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PowerGrasp)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrecisionGrasp)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileEffector)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PreservativeInteraction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProcessFlow)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProcessType)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Progression)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ReleasingMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Rubbing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Standing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Swimming)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tapping)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Taxis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Turning)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:UndirectedMotion)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Vaporizing)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Walking)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesProcess)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasProcessType)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSupportedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:supports)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (defines process) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesProcess "A relation between a description and a process type.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesProcess "defines process") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesProcess ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesProcess ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:ProcessType) + +# Object Property: (has process type) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasProcessType "A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasProcessType "has process type") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasProcessType ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasProcessType SOMA:isProcessTypeOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasProcessType ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasProcessType SOMA:ProcessType) + +# Object Property: (interacts with) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:interactsWith "A relation between objects that interact with each other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:interactsWith "interacts with") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:interactsWith ) +SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:interactsWith ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:interactsWith ) + +# Object Property: (is process defined in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn "A relation between a process type and a description that defines it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn "is process defined in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn SOMA:ProcessType) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is process type of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isProcessTypeOf "A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isProcessTypeOf "is process type of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:ProcessType) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ) + +# Object Property: (is supported by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSupportedBy "A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSupportedBy "is supported by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSupportedBy SOMA:interactsWith) +# Object Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:supports "A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:supports SOMA:interactsWith) - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ - - - - - - A relation between a description and a process type. - defines process - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Agonist "A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Agonist SOMA:Patient) - +# Class: () - - - - - - A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. - has process type - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Alteration "A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Alteration SOMA:ProcessType) +# Class: (Alterative interaction) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AlterativeInteraction "A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AlterativeInteraction "Alterative interaction") +SubClassOf(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:ForceInteraction) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:PreservativeInteraction) - - - - - - A relation between objects that interact with each other. - interacts with - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Antagonist "A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Antagonist SOMA:Patient) - +# Class: () - - - - - A relation between a process type and a description that defines it. - is process defined in - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Approaching "A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Approaching SOMA:Locomotion) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BodyMovement "Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. - - - - - A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. - is process type of - - +As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:BodyMovement SOMA:Motion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BodyMovement ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )))))) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Boiling "In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Boiling SOMA:Vaporizing) - - - A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. - is supported by - - +# Class: (Chemical process) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ChemicalProcess "A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. - +In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ChemicalProcess "Chemical process") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ChemicalProcess ) - - - A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Collision "A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Collision SOMA:ProcessType) - +# Class: (Creation) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Creation "A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. +Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Creation "Creation") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Creation SOMA:ProcessType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Creation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:CreatedObject)) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state. - - - - - - - - - A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun. - - - - - - - - - - A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame. - Alterative interaction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist. - - - - - - - - - A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. - -As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent. - - - - - - - - - In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter. - - - - - - - - - A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. - -In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance. - Chemical process - - - - - - - - - A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity. - Creation - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deformation "A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. Note, changes of shape may be self-caused; for example, a gas will naturally disperse. This however would be a different type of process (Dispersion). -A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape. - - +A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deformation SOMA:Alteration) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Deformation ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:ShapedObject)) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Deformation SOMA:FluidFlow) +# Class: (Destruction) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Destruction "A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. - - +Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Destruction "Destruction") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Destruction SOMA:ProcessType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Destruction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:DestroyedObject)) +# Class: (Directed motion) - - - - - - - - - - - A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist. - Destruction - - - - - - - - - - A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination. - Directed motion - - - - - - - - - - - - A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. - -An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. - Fluid flow - - - - - - - - - - - A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DirectedMotion "A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DirectedMotion "Directed motion") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DirectedMotion SOMA:Motion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:DirectedMotion SOMA:UndirectedMotion) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Driving "A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Locomotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Flying) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Swimming) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Walking) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the "stronger entity". - Force interaction - Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object. - Grasping motion - - - - - - - - - The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant. - todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the "Directed"/"Undirected motion" categories. - - - - - - - - - A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole. - - - - - - - - - - - A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object. - Intermediate grasp - - - - - - - - - An Agent pitches its body in some direction. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An Agent moves its limbs in some way. - Limb motion - - - - - - - - - - - Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. - -Navigation is about reaching some goal. +# Class: (Fluid flow) -Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion. - The Agent repositions their body in the environment. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FluidFlow "A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. +An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. ") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FluidFlow "Fluid flow") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FluidFlow SOMA:Motion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FluidFlow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:MovedObject)) - +# Class: () - - - An EventType that classifies motion Processes. - Motion type - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Flying "A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Locomotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Swimming) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Walking) +# Class: (Force interaction) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ForceInteraction "Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the \"stronger entity\".") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ForceInteraction "Force interaction") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:ForceInteraction "Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley.") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:PreservativeInteraction)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction SOMA:ProcessType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:Agonist)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:Antagonist)) - - +# Class: (Grasping motion) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GraspingMotion "A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GraspingMotion "Grasping motion") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:GraspingMotion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:ReleasingMotion) - +# Class: () - - - A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadMovement "The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadMovement "todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the \"Directed\"/\"Undirected motion\" categories.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:HeadMovement SOMA:BodyMovement) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadTurning "A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:HeadTurning SOMA:HeadMovement) - - +# Class: (Intermediate grasp) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IntermediateGrasp "A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IntermediateGrasp "Intermediate grasp") +SubClassOf(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PowerGrasp) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp) - +# Class: () - - - An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases. - Phase transition - The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the "jamming transition", and sometimes "phase transitions" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Leaning "An Agent pitches its body in some direction.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Leaning SOMA:PosturalMoving) -In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold. - - +# Class: (Limb motion) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LimbMotion "An Agent moves its limbs in some way.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LimbMotion "Limb motion") +SubClassOf(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LimbMotion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Limb)))) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:Locomotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Locomotion "Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. +Navigation is about reaching some goal. - - - - - - - - - - - A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects. - Physical process - - - - - - - - - The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. - -Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking. - - - - - - - - - - An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails. - Power grasp - - - - - - - - - An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing. - Precision grasp - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A motion of a prehensile effector. - Prehensile motion - - - - - - - - - A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion. - Preservative interaction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A description that structures a Process. - Process flow - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An EventType that classifies Processes. - Process type - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time. - - - - - - - - - A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object. - Releasing motion - - - - - - - - - The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects. - - - - - - - - - - A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion. - - - +Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Locomotion "The Agent repositions their body in the environment.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:BodyMovement) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - +# Class: () - - - A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Motion "An EventType that classifies motion Processes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Motion "Motion type") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Motion SOMA:ProcessType) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovingAway "A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MovingAway SOMA:Locomotion) - - - An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants. - - +# Class: (Phase transition) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhaseTransition "An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhaseTransition "Phase transition") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:PhaseTransition "The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the \"jamming transition\", and sometimes \"phase transitions\" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. - +In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhaseTransition SOMA:Alteration) - - - A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces. - - +# Class: (Physical process) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicsProcess "A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicsProcess "Physical process") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicsProcess ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicsProcess ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - +# Class: () - - - A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it. - Undirected motion - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PosturalMoving "The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. +Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PosturalMoving SOMA:BodyMovement) - +# Class: (Power grasp) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase. - Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PowerGrasp "An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PowerGrasp "Power grasp") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp) +# Class: (Precision grasp) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrecisionGrasp "An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrecisionGrasp "Precision grasp") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PrecisionGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) - - - An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface. - - +# Class: (Prehensile motion) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrehensileMotion "A motion of a prehensile effector.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrehensileMotion "Prehensile motion") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:PrehensileMotion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:ReleasingMotion)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileMotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileMotion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:PrehensileEffector)))) - +# Class: (Preservative interaction) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PreservativeInteraction "A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PreservativeInteraction "Preservative interaction") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PreservativeInteraction SOMA:ForceInteraction) +# Class: (Process flow) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProcessFlow "A description that structures a Process.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProcessFlow "Process flow") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessFlow ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessFlow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:ProcessType)) - - +# Class: (Process type) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProcessType "An EventType that classifies Processes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProcessType "Process type") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ProcessType)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Progression "A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time.") +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:Progression ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ProcessFlow)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Progression ) +# Class: (Releasing motion) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ReleasingMotion "A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ReleasingMotion "Releasing motion") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ReleasingMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Rubbing "The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Rubbing SOMA:DirectedMotion) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Standing "A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Standing SOMA:PosturalMoving) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Swimming "A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Swimming SOMA:Locomotion) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Swimming SOMA:Walking) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tapping "A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Tapping SOMA:DirectedMotion) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Taxis "An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Taxis SOMA:BodyMovement) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Turning "A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Turning SOMA:PosturalMoving) - - +# Class: (Undirected motion) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UndirectedMotion "A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:UndirectedMotion "Undirected motion") +SubClassOf(SOMA:UndirectedMotion SOMA:Motion) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Vaporizing "Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:Vaporizing "Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Vaporizing SOMA:PhaseTransition) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Vaporizing ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:AlteredObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( )))) +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Walking "An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Walking SOMA:Locomotion) - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 67bee35e..5287852f 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -1,617 +1,336 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree). - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it. - is answered by - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. - is asked by - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer. - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move. - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). - Assertion task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being "He sneezed the napkin off the table." (Goldberg 1995) - -Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP. - Caused motion theory - - - - - - - - - A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate. - Clausal object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action. - Command task - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() + +Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssertionTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ClausalObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommandTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ContainmentTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ControlTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoverageTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoveringTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CrackingTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeclarativeClause)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ImperativeClause)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Instrument)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:InterrogativeClause)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LocutionaryAction)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MixingTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PlacingTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProximalTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:QueryTask)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Scene)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SchematicTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:State)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StateTransition)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportTheory)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isInitialSceneOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTerminalSceneOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAnsweredBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAskedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isMovedByAgent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:movesObject)) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isInitialSceneOf "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isInitialSceneOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:hasInitialScene) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:Scene) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:StateTransition) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTerminalSceneOf "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTerminalSceneOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:hasTerminalScene) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:Scene) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:StateTransition) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:coversObject "A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree).") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:coversObject SOMA:interactsWith) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:coversObject SOMA:isCoveredByObject) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:coversObject ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:coversObject ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialScene "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialScene ) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:StateTransition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:Scene) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalScene "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalScene ) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:StateTransition) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:Scene) + +# Object Property: (is answered by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAnsweredBy "A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAnsweredBy "is answered by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) + +# Object Property: (is asked by) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAskedBy "A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAskedBy "is asked by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAskedBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAskedBy SOMA:QueryTask) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAskedBy ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isCoveredByObject "A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isCoveredByObject SOMA:interactsWith) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isCoveredByObject ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isCoveredByObject ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isMovedByAgent "A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isMovedByAgent SOMA:interactsWith) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isMovedByAgent SOMA:movesObject) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isMovedByAgent ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isMovedByAgent ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:movesObject "A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:movesObject SOMA:interactsWith) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:movesObject ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:movesObject ) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: (Assertion task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssertionTask "A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AssertionTask "Assertion task"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AssertionTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) +SubClassOf(SOMA:AssertionTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:DeclarativeClause))) + +# Class: (Caused motion theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausedMotionTheory "A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being \"He sneezed the napkin off the table.\" (Goldberg 1995) + +Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausedMotionTheory "Caused motion theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:AgentRole)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CausalEventRole)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory)) + +# Class: (Clausal object) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ClausalObject "A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ClausalObject "Clausal object") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ClausalObject ) + +# Class: (Command task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommandTask "A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommandTask "Command task"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommandTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CommandTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImperativeClause))) + +# Class: (Containment theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ContainmentTheory "A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. This is also known as FunctionalControlInternal in GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR. - Containment theory - - - - - - - - - A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). - Control theory - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. - -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient. - Covering theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object. - Cracking theory - - - - - - - - - A clause which makes an assertion or declaration. - Declarative clause - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. - -Developmental psychology posits that "object permanence" (the assumption that physical objects keep existing even when the agent doesn't perceive them, which consequently informs reasoning about where an object should be, even when perception of it is lost) is a cognitive ability that is not, at least in the very young human child, immediately manifest. Rather, it seems learned via interaction, and usually is among an infant's cognitive repertoire by age 2. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ContainmentTheory "Containment theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ContainmentTheory SOMA:ControlTheory) + +# Class: (Control theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ControlTheory "A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ControlTheory "Control theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ControlTheory SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoverageTheory "A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. + +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:CoverageTheory SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory) + +# Class: (Covering theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoveringTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CoveringTheory "Covering theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:Patient)) + +# Class: (Cracking theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CrackingTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CrackingTheory "Cracking theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) + +# Class: (Declarative clause) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeclarativeClause "A clause which makes an assertion or declaration.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeclarativeClause "Declarative clause") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DeclarativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) + +# Class: (EST schema theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory "A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. + +Developmental psychology posits that \"object permanence\" (the assumption that physical objects keep existing even when the agent doesn't perceive them, which consequently informs reasoning about where an object should be, even when perception of it is lost) is a cognitive ability that is not, at least in the very young human child, immediately manifest. Rather, it seems learned via interaction, and usually is among an infant's cognitive repertoire by age 2. In SOMA, we represent this ability of a cognitive agent as an ability to generate and maintain ESTSchemaTheories. Each instance of such a theory refers to one particular physical object, the one that the instance of the ESTSchemaTheory asserts to exist. -Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals. - EST schema theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Also known as "executing schemas" or "x-schemas", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work "Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding" as: - -"Executing schemas, or x-schemas, are dynamic representations motivated in part by motor and perceptual systems (Bailey 1997; Narayanan 1997), on the assumption that the same underlying representations used for executing and perceiving an action are brought to bear in understanding language about that action. The x-schema formalism is an extension of Petri nets (Murata 1989) that can model sequential, concurrent, and -asynchronous events" - -SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. - -They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information. - Executable schematic theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). - Functional spatial schema theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. - -When somebody says "Is there any salt?" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: "please give me some salt" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. - -Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act - Illocutionary act - - - - - - - - - A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. +Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory "EST schema theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ExistingObjectRole)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) + +# Class: (Executable schematic theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory "Also known as \"executing schemas\" or \"x-schemas\", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work \"Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding\" as: + +\"Executing schemas, or x-schemas, are dynamic representations motivated in part by motor and perceptual systems (Bailey 1997; Narayanan 1997), on the assumption that the same underlying representations used for executing and perceiving an action are brought to bear in understanding language about that action. The x-schema formalism is an extension of Petri nets (Murata 1989) that can model sequential, concurrent, and +asynchronous events\" + +SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. + +They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory "Executable schematic theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory SOMA:SchematicTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:AgentRole)) + +# Class: (Functional spatial schema theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory "The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory "Functional spatial schema theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:LocatumRole)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:RelatumRole)) + +# Class: (Illocutionary act) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IllocutionaryTask "A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. + +When somebody says \"Is there any salt?\" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: \"please give me some salt\" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. + +Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IllocutionaryTask "Illocutionary act"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))))) +SubClassOf(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:LocutionaryAction)) + +# Class: (Image schema theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory "A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. Image schemas are considered as fundamental, pre-conceptual, building blocks of cognition. They were introduced to characterize how human beings are believed to organize and make sense of experience. -For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent. - Image schema theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs. - Imperative clause - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. - -Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. "can you close the door?" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task. - Interrogative clause - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). - -We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action. - Locutionary action - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object. - Mixing theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location. - Placing theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. +For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory "Image schema theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory SOMA:SchematicTheory) + +# Class: (Imperative clause) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ImperativeClause "A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ImperativeClause "Imperative clause") +SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:StateTransition)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:StateTransition)) + +# Class: (Interrogative clause) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InterrogativeClause "A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. + +Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. \"can you close the door?\" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:InterrogativeClause "Interrogative clause") +SubClassOf(SOMA:InterrogativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) + +# Class: (Locutionary action) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LocutionaryAction "A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). + +We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action."@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LocutionaryAction "Locutionary action"@en) +EquivalentClasses(SOMA:LocutionaryAction ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) + +# Class: (Mixing theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MixingTheory "A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MixingTheory "Mixing theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) + +# Class: (Placing theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PlacingTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PlacingTheory "Placing theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Destination)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) + +# Class: (Proximal theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProximalTheory "An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. It may seem that proximity is a very simple notion, requiring no sophisticated theoretical underpinnings. However, proximity is an extremely object- and purpose-dependent relation. A store next door is in a closeness relation to a person, and so is the Sun in the sky, despite the physical distances being different by several orders of magnitude. @@ -619,168 +338,74 @@ As such, a theory, i.e. a description of what a particular kind of closeness mea Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR. - Proximal theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener. - Query task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects. - - - - - - - - - A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. - -Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience. - Schematic theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProximalTheory "Proximal theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:LocatumRole)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:RelatumRole)) + +# Class: (Query task) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:QueryTask "A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:QueryTask "Query task"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:QueryTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) +SubClassOf(SOMA:QueryTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:InterrogativeClause))) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Scene "Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:State)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) + +# Class: (Schematic theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SchematicTheory "A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. + +Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SchematicTheory "Schematic theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SchematicTheory ) + +# Class: (Source-path-goal theory) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory "A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. Note: in cognitive linguistics literature, the roles of this schema are Source, Path, Goal. However, to avoid overloading some other terminology in SOMA, we renamed Source to Origin and Goal to Destination. -As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. - Source-path-goal theory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent. - State transition - - - - - - - - - An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is "The bowl is on the table". +As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory "Source-path-goal theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Destination)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Origin)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:PathRole)) -This is also known as FunctionalControlExternal in GUM (Bateman et al. 2010). +# Class: (State transition) -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR. - Support theory - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StateTransition "A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StateTransition "State transition"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:Scene)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:Scene)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) +# Class: (Support theory) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportTheory "An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is \"The bowl is on the table\". - - - - +This is also known as FunctionalControlExternal in GUM (Bateman et al. 2010). +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportTheory "Support theory"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportTheory SOMA:ControlTheory) - +# Class: () - - - - +SubClassOf( ) +# Class: () +SubClassOf( ) - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl index 288f70c3..32b3882a 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl @@ -1,449 +1,183 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. - has state type - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. - is state type of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object. - Containment state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) +Prefix(swrl:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() +Import() + +Declaration(Class(:ContainmentState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Configuration)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConnectedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ContactState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Container)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalControl)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Item)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkageState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkedObject)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalExistence)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Restrictor)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SocialState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StateType)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportState)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Supporter)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStateType)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isStateTypeOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (has state type) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStateType "A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStateType "has state type") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStateType ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasStateType SOMA:isStateTypeOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasStateType ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasStateType SOMA:StateType) + +# Object Property: (is state type of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isStateTypeOf "A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isStateTypeOf "is state type of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:StateType) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ) + + + +############################ +# Classes +############################ + +# Class: (Containment state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ContainmentState "Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ContainmentState "Containment state"@en) +SubClassOf(:ContainmentState SOMA:FunctionalControl) +SubClassOf(:ContainmentState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Container ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment))))) + +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Configuration "A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. A configuration of the world is construed to be stable on its own. Outside disturbances may cause state transitions, and the settling into some other, self-stable configuration. Several other Description subclasses may function as Configurations. For example, a Goal is a description of a desired State. A Norm describes a State that should be maintained. A Diagnosis describes a State that causes certain symptoms etc. -Note a couple of issues here. First one relates to what "configuration" means; in particular, this doesn't mean a configuration that is unchanging according to any viewpoint. The analogy here is the "macrostate" from thermodynamics: a macrostate with two gases mixed does not mean all gas particles are motionless, but rather that the locations and movements of gas particles are such that any particle is likely to have as many neighbors of one type as the other. - -The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - Classifies States in which some objects are in contact. - Contact state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. - -Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party. - Functional state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other. - Linkage state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task. - Physical accessibility - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified. - Physical blockage - - - - - - - - - A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world. - Physical Existince - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other. - Physical state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. - -One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized. - Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. - -Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent. - Social state - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An EventType that classifies States. - State type - - +Note a couple of issues here. First one relates to what \"configuration\" means; in particular, this doesn't mean a configuration that is unchanging according to any viewpoint. The analogy here is the \"macrostate\" from thermodynamics: a macrostate with two gases mixed does not mean all gas particles are motionless, but rather that the locations and movements of gas particles are such that any particle is likely to have as many neighbors of one type as the other. +The second issue relates to what is \"outside\". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Configuration ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Configuration ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:StateType)) - +# Class: (Contact state) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object. - Support state - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ContactState "Classifies States in which some objects are in contact.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ContactState "Contact state"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ContactState SOMA:StateType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ContactState ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectMinCardinality(2 ))) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Containment "Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another.") - - +# Class: (Functional state) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalControl "Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. - +Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalControl "Functional state"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl SOMA:StateType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) - - +# Class: (Linkage state) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LinkageState "Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LinkageState "Linkage state"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkageState SOMA:StateType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkageState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:LinkedObject)) - +# Class: (Physical accessibility) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility "Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility "Physical accessibility"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility SOMA:StateType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) +# Class: (Physical blockage) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalBlockage "Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalBlockage "Physical blockage"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage SOMA:StateType) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) - - +# Class: (Physical Existince) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalExistence "A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalExistence "Physical Existince"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalExistence SOMA:PhysicalState) - +# Class: (Physical state) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalState "A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalState "Physical state") +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalState SOMA:State) +SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalState ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +# Class: (Social state) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialState "A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. - - +One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialState "Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. +Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SocialState "Social state") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialState SOMA:State) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialState ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - +# Class: (State type) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StateType "An EventType that classifies States.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StateType "State type"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:State)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:StateType)) +# Class: (Support state) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportState "Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportState "Support state"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportState SOMA:FunctionalControl) +SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Supporter ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Deposition))))) - +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl index 45f583e0..b51c7a77 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl @@ -1,373 +1,225 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another. - has previous step - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow. - is first step of - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow. - is step of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The defined participant is an "input": - -- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; -- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Defines an "output" participant: +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() +Import() +Import() +Import() + +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Binding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FactualBinding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:StatusFailure)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Succedence)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:TaskInvocation)) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(Class()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPreviousStep)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isFirstStepOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isStepOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesInput)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesOutput)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesParticipant)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBinding)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBindingFiller)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBindingRole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFirstStep)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasNextStep)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPredecessor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStep)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSuccedence)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSuccessor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTask)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlanFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPriority)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation)) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask)) + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: (has previous step) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPreviousStep "An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPreviousStep "has previous step") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPreviousStep ) +InverseObjectProperties(:hasPreviousStep SOMA:hasNextStep) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPreviousStep ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPreviousStep ) + +# Object Property: (is first step of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isFirstStepOf "A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isFirstStepOf "is first step of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isFirstStepOf :isStepOf) +InverseObjectProperties(:isFirstStepOf SOMA:hasFirstStep) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isFirstStepOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isFirstStepOf ) + +# Object Property: (is step of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isStepOf "A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isStepOf "is step of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(:isStepOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(:isStepOf SOMA:hasStep) +ObjectPropertyDomain(:isStepOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(:isStepOf ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesInput "The defined participant is an \"input\": + +- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; +- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesInput SOMA:definesParticipant) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesInput ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesInput ObjectUnionOf( )) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesOutput "Defines an \"output\" participant: - an Entity (Object or state of affairs) that exists as a result of the execution of a Task; -- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task. - - +- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesOutput SOMA:definesParticipant) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesOutput ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesOutput ObjectUnionOf( )) +# Object Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesParticipant "A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. - - - - - A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. +The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesParticipant ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesParticipant ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesParticipant ) -The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution. - - +# Object Property: (has binding) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBinding "Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBinding "has binding"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBinding ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBinding ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:Binding) - +# Object Property: (has binding filler) - - - - - Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds. - has binding - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBindingFiller "Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. +Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. - +Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBindingFiller "has binding filler"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBindingFiller SOMA:Binding) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ) - - - - - Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. +# Object Property: (has binding role) -Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBindingRole "Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBindingRole "has binding role"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBindingRole ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBindingRole SOMA:Binding) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBindingRole ObjectUnionOf( )) + +# Object Property: (has first step) -Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property. - has binding filler - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow. - has binding role - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFirstStep "A relation from a Workflow to its first Task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFirstStep "has first step") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFirstStep SOMA:hasStep) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFirstStep ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFirstStep ) +# Object Property: (has next step) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasNextStep "An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasNextStep "has next step") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasNextStep ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasNextStep ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasNextStep ) - - - - - A relation from a Workflow to its first Task. - has first step - - +# Object Property: (has predecessor) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPredecessor "Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPredecessor "has predecessor"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPredecessor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPredecessor SOMA:Succedence) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPredecessor ) - +# Object Property: (has step) - - - - - An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another. - has next step - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStep "A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStep "has step") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStep ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasStep ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasStep ) +# Object Property: (has succedence) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSuccedence "A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSuccedence "has succedence"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSuccedence ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSuccedence ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSuccedence SOMA:Succedence) - - - - - Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first. - has predecessor - - +# Object Property: (has successor) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSuccessor "Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSuccessor "has successor"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSuccessor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSuccessor SOMA:Succedence) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSuccessor ) - +# Object Property: (has task) - - - - - A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains. - has step - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTask "A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasTask "has task"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTask ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTask ObjectUnionOf( )) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTask ) - +############################ +# Data Properties +############################ - - - - - A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it. - has succedence - - +# Data Property: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPriority "A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority.") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPriority ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPriority ) - - - - - - Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last. - has successor - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time. - has task - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. +# Class: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Binding "A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. It covers two conceptually related, but somewhat ontologically distinct situations: @@ -382,267 +234,109 @@ Note: in the second case, the Entity filling the Role/Parameter may be a Role or There is a further, orthogonal distinction made between: -- factual: the Binding is asserted to hold in the descriptive context --- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds. - - - +-- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:FactualBinding)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:RoleRoleBinding)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(SOMA:hasBinding) )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasBindingFiller )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasBindingRole ObjectUnionOf( ))) - +# Class: (Conditional succedence) - - - - - - - - - A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. The condition is a conjunction of CounterfactualBindings. These bindings may be RoleRoleBindings (meaning, test whether the fillers for these Roles/Parameters are the same) or RoleFillerBindings (meaning, test whether the filler of the Role unifies with the candidate Entity). -An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. - Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing. - Conditional succedence - - +An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "Conditional succedence"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence SOMA:Succedence) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:CounterfactualBinding)) +# Class: (Counterfactual binding) - - - - - - CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CounterfactualBinding "CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: -- that two roles share a filler (RoleRoleBindings); -- that the filler of a role is a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when the filler of the role may be one of a few constants, as is the case with the execution status of a robot task. -TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers. - Counterfactual binding - - - +TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CounterfactualBinding "Counterfactual binding"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:Binding) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:FactualBinding) - +# Class: (Factial binding) - - - FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FactualBinding "FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: -- task- or workflow-defined roles share fillers (RoleRoleBindings). Example, the instrument of a cutting task may be the actee of a grasping task; --- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes. - Factial binding - - - - - - - - - - A binding that connects a role to a particular filler. - Role filler binding - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler. - Role role binding - - - - - - - - - A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. - -Note: a successor relation implemented as an OWL object property is sometimes enough, but not in general; in particular, when there are conditions imposed on the succession. - -As a result, a reification pattern was applied here. - Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. - -Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the "local variables" of a larger workflow). - Task invocation - - - - - - - - - +-- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FactualBinding "Factial binding"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FactualBinding SOMA:Binding) - +# Class: (Role filler binding) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoleFillerBinding "A binding that connects a role to a particular filler.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoleFillerBinding "Role filler binding"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:Binding) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:RoleRoleBinding) +# Class: (Role role binding) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoleRoleBinding "A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoleRoleBinding "Role role binding"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding SOMA:Binding) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ObjectUnionOf( ))) - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StatusFailure "A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:StatusFailure ) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Succedence "A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. +Note: a successor relation implemented as an OWL object property is sometimes enough, but not in general; in particular, when there are conditions imposed on the succession. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached. - - +As a result, a reification pattern was applied here.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Succedence "Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. +Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(SOMA:hasSuccedence) )) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPredecessor SOMA:TaskInvocation)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasSuccessor SOMA:TaskInvocation)) - +# Class: (Task invocation) - - - A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TaskInvocation "An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the \"local variables\" of a larger workflow).") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TaskInvocation "Task invocation"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:FactualBinding)) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - +############################ +# Named Individuals +############################ - - - A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure. - - +# Individual: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation "A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation) - +# Individual: () - - Has quality region - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation "A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation) +# Individual: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask "A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure.") +ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:HasQualityRegion "Has quality region"@en) +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 54998a95..433eab7e 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1,1448 +1,947 @@ - - - - - - +Prefix(:=) +Prefix(dc:=) +Prefix(owl:=) +Prefix(rdf:=) +Prefix(xml:=) +Prefix(xsd:=) +Prefix(SOMA:=) +Prefix(rdfs:=) + + +Ontology( +Import() + +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Accident)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Amateurish)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Answer)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Clumsiness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Episode)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FailedAttempt)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fluid)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Foolishness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:HumanActivityRecording)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Inability)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Infeasibility)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Masterful)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Question)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:RecordedEpisode)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reification)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Sluggishness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:State)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Status)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Successfulness)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Threshold)) +Declaration(Class(SOMA:Unsuccessfulness)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:after)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:before)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:causesTransition)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:coOccurs)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:contains)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:containsEvent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:during)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:firstMember)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasGoal)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialState)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInputParameter)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasOutputParameter)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhase)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStatus)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalState)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesConcept)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesRecord)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesSituation)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesArtifact)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesPlace)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isCausedByEvent)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isContainedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInitialStateOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInputParameterFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInputRoleOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOccurringIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlanFor)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:meets)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:starts)) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(ObjectProperty()) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasDataFormat)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventBegin)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventEnd)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventTime)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalTime)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasNameString)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier)) +Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:isReificationOf)) +Declaration(DataProperty()) +Declaration(DataProperty()) +Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:RDFType)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:UsageGuideline)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:nickname)) +Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:symbol)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_boolean)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_double)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_float)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_int)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_string)) +Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_uint)) +############################ +# Annotation Properties +############################ + +# Annotation Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UsageGuideline "Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. + +A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource.") + +# Annotation Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:nickname "Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname.") + +# Annotation Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:symbol "An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature.") +AnnotationPropertyRange(SOMA:symbol xsd:string) + + +############################ +# Object Properties +############################ + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:after ">") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:after "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:after ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:after SOMA:before) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:after) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:after ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:after ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:before "<") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:before "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:before ) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:before) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:before ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:before ) + +# Object Property: (causes transition) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:causesTransition "A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:causesTransition "causes transition") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:causesTransition ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:causesTransition SOMA:isCausedByEvent) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:causesTransition ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:causesTransition ) + +# Object Property: (co occurs) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:coOccurs "A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. + +Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:coOccurs "co occurs") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:coOccurs ) +SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:coOccurs) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:coOccurs ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:coOccurs ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:contains "A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:contains ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:contains SOMA:isContainedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:contains ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:contains ) + +# Object Property: (contains event) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:containsEvent "di") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:containsEvent "`A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:containsEvent "contains event") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:coOccurs) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:contains) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:during) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:containsEvent) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:containsEvent ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:containsEvent ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:during "d") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:during "`A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:during SOMA:coOccurs) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:during SOMA:isContainedIn) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:during) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:during ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:during ) + +# Object Property: (finished by) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:finishedBy "fi") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:finishedBy "`A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in \"I finish my day by taking a shower\".") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:finishedBy "finished by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:finishedBy SOMA:coOccurs) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:finishedBy SOMA:finishes) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:finishedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:finishedBy ) +# Object Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:finishes "f") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:finishes "`A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in \"I finish my day by taking a shower\".") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:finishes SOMA:coOccurs) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:finishes ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:finishes ) + +# Object Property: (first member) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:firstMember "A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:firstMember "first member"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:firstMember ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:firstMember ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:firstMember ) + +# Object Property: (has goal) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasGoal "A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasGoal "has goal"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasGoal ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasGoal ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasGoal ) + +# Object Property: (has initial state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialState "A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasInitialState "has initial state") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialState SOMA:includesSituation) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInitialState SOMA:isInitialStateOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialState ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialState ) + +# Object Property: (has input parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInputParameter "A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInputParameter "A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasInputParameter "has input parameter") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInputParameter SOMA:isInputParameterFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) + +# Object Property: (has output parameter) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasOutputParameter "A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasOutputParameter "A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasOutputParameter "has output parameter") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasOutputParameter SOMA:isOutputParameterFor) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) + +# Object Property: (has phase) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPhase "A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPhase "has phase") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPhase ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPhase ObjectUnionOf( )) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPhase ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:State )) + +# Object Property: (has physical component) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent "A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent "has physical component") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) + +# Object Property: (has software agent) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent "A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent "has software agent") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) + +# Object Property: (has status) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStatus "A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStatus "has status") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStatus ) + +# Object Property: (has terminal state) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalState "A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasTerminalState "has terminal state") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalState SOMA:includesSituation) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasTerminalState SOMA:isTerminalStateOf) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalState ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalState ) + +# Object Property: (includes concept) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesConcept "A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:includesConcept "includes concept") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesConcept ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesConcept SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesConcept ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesConcept ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesRecord "A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesRecord ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesRecord SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesRecord ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesRecord ) + +# Object Property: (includes situation) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesSituation "A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:includesSituation "includes situation") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesSituation ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesSituation SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesSituation ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesSituation ) + +# Object Property: (involves artifact) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesArtifact "Artifact participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesArtifact "involves artifact") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesArtifact SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) + +# Object Property: (involves place) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesPlace "A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesPlace "involves place") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesPlace ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesPlace SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesPlace ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesPlace ) + +# Object Property: (is artifact involved in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn "Artifact participation.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn "is artifact involved in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is caused by event) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isCausedByEvent "A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isCausedByEvent "is caused by event") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) + +# Object Property: (is concept included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn "A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn "is concept included in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is contained in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isContainedIn "The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isContainedIn "is contained in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isContainedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isContainedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isContainedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is initial state of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInitialStateOf "A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInitialStateOf "is initial state of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInitialStateOf SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInitialStateOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInitialStateOf ) + +# Object Property: (is input parameter for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputParameterFor "A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputParameterFor "A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInputParameterFor "is input parameter for") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) + +# Object Property: (is input role of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputRoleOf "A relation between an input roles and its Task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInputRoleOf "is input role of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isInputRoleOf SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) + +# Object Property: (is occurence of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOccurrenceOf "A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOccurrenceOf "is occurence of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf SOMA:isOccurringIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) + +# Object Property: (is occurring in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOccurringIn "A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOccurringIn "is occurring in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) + +# Object Property: (is output parameter for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "is output parameter for") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) + +# Object Property: (is output role of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputRoleOf "A relation between an output roles and its Task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOutputRoleOf "is output role of"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) + +# Object Property: (is place involved in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn "A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn "is place involved in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is plan for) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPlanFor "A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPlanFor "is plan for"@en) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:isPlanFor "Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPlanFor ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPlanFor ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPlanFor ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy "A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) + +# Object Property: (is situation included in) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn "A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn "is situation included in") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) + +# Object Property: (is task of input role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole "A relation between a Task and one of its input roles.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole "is task of input role"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) + +# Object Property: (is task of output role) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole "A relation between a Task and one of its output roles.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole "is task of output role"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) + +# Object Property: (is terminal state of) + +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTerminalStateOf "A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTerminalStateOf "is terminal state of") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:meets "m") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:meets "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:meets ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:meets SOMA:metBy) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:meets) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:meets) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:meets ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:meets ) + +# Object Property: (met by) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:metBy "mi") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:metBy "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:metBy "met by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:metBy ) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:metBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:metBy ) + +# Object Property: (overlapped by) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:overlappedBy "oi") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:overlappedBy "A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. \"she has worked into the night\".") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:overlappedBy "overlapped by") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:overlappedBy ) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:overlappedBy SOMA:overlappedOn) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:overlappedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:overlappedBy ) + +# Object Property: (overlapped on) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:overlappedOn "o") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:overlappedOn "A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. \"she has worked into the night\".") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:overlappedOn "overlapped on") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:overlappedOn ) +AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn) +IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:overlappedOn ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:overlappedOn ) + +# Object Property: () + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:simultaneous "=") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:simultaneous "`A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal.") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:simultaneous SOMA:coOccurs) +SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:simultaneous ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:simultaneous ) + +# Object Property: (started by) + +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:startedBy "si") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:startedBy "`A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in \"I start my day with a coffee\".") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:startedBy "started by"@en) +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:startedBy SOMA:coOccurs) +InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:startedBy SOMA:starts) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:startedBy ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:startedBy ) + +# Object Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:starts "s") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:starts "`A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in \"I start my day with a coffee\".") +SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:starts SOMA:coOccurs) +TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) +ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:starts ) +ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:starts ) +# Object Property: (executes task) - +SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:isOccurrenceOf) +# Object Property: (is executed in) - +SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:isOccurringIn) - - Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. -A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource. - - +############################ +# Data Properties +############################ +# Data Property: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDataFormat "A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL.") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDataFormat ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDataFormat ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDataFormat xsd:string) - - Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname. - - +# Data Property: (has event begin) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventBegin "A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventBegin "has event begin") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventBegin SOMA:hasEventTime) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventBegin ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventBegin xsd:double) - +# Data Property: (has event end) - - An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature. - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventEnd "A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventEnd "has event end") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventEnd SOMA:hasEventTime) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventEnd ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventEnd xsd:double) +# Data Property: (has event time) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventTime "Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventTime "has event time") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventTime ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventTime ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventTime xsd:double) - +# Data Property: (has interval begin) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalBegin "A relation recording when some TimeInterval started.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalBegin "has interval begin") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin SOMA:hasIntervalTime) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin xsd:float) - +# Data Property: (has interval end) - - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalEnd "A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalEnd "has interval end") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd SOMA:hasIntervalTime) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd xsd:float) +# Data Property: (has interval time) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalTime "Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalTime "has interval time") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalTime ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalTime ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalTime xsd:float) - - - - +# Data Property: (has name string) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasNameString "A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasNameString "has name string") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasNameString ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasNameString ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasNameString xsd:string) - +# Data Property: () - - - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier "A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved.") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier xsd:string) +# Data Property: (is reification of) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isReificationOf "An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isReificationOf "is reification of") +SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:isReificationOf ) +DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:isReificationOf ) +DataPropertyRange(SOMA:isReificationOf xsd:anyURI) - - - - +############################ +# Datatypes +############################ - +# Datatype: () - - - - +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_boolean xsd:string) +# Datatype: () - +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_double xsd:string) - - - - +# Datatype: () +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_float xsd:string) - +# Datatype: () - +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_int xsd:string) +# Datatype: () - +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_string xsd:string) - - - - - - - > - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. - - +# Datatype: () +DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_uint xsd:string) - - - - - - - < - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. - - +############################ +# Classes +############################ +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accident "An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for \"final causes\" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. - - - - - - A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition. - causes transition - - +Note a distinction between this definition and some informal, everyday uses of \"accident\" which require a causal structure and responsibility to be ascertained. An accident, in the informal sense, may require an explanation as to who made a mistake in bringing about the event; a \"traffic accident\", where we want to know who's responsible, is an example of this. +Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accident "also think about \"mistakes\": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Accident ) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Accident ) - +# Class: (Action execution plan) - - - - - - A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "Action execution plan"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Status))) -Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance. - co occurs - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Amateurish "A description of amateurish behavior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Amateurish SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Amateurish SOMA:Masterful) - +# Class: () - - - - - - A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Answer "A role that is played by an entity answering some query.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Answer ) +# Class: (Behavioral diagnosis) - - - - - - - - - - di - `A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A. - contains event - - - - - - - - - - - - - d - `A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B. - - - - - - - - - - - - - fi - `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". - finished by - - - - - - - - - - - - f - `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection. - first member - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals. - has goal - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from. - has initial state - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. - A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening. - has input parameter - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. - A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. - has output parameter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding. - has phase - - - - - - - - - - - A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it. - has physical component - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen. - has software agent - - - - - - - - - A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation. - has status - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in. - has terminal state - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role. - includes concept - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role. - includes situation - - - - - - - - - - - - Artifact participation. - involves artifact - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located. - involves place - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis "A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis "Behavioral diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +# Class: () - - - - - - - Artifact participation. - is artifact involved in - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Clumsiness "A description of clumsy behavior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Clumsiness SOMA:Amateurish) +# Class: (Dexterity diagnosis) - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event. - is caused by event - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way. - is concept included in - - - - - - - - - - - The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details. - is contained in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began. - is initial state of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. - A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType. - is input parameter for - - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between an input roles and its Task. - is input role of - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis "A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis "Dexterity diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis) +# Class: () - - - - - - - - A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. - is occurence of - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Episode "") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Episode ) +# Class: (Failed attempt) - - - - - - - A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. - is occurring in - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailedAttempt "A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FailedAttempt "Failed attempt"@en) +SubClassOf(SOMA:FailedAttempt SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) +# Class: () - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. - A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. - is output parameter for - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fluid "A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Fluid ) +# Class: () - - - - - - - - A relation between an output roles and its Task. - is output role of - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located. - is place involved in - - - - - - - - - - - A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task. - is plan for - Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step. - - - - - - - - - - - - A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other. - is situation included in - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its input roles. - is task of input role - - - - - - - - - - - A relation between a Task and one of its output roles. - is task of output role - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended. - is terminal state of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - m - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. - - - - - - - - - - - - - mi - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. - met by - - - - - - - - - - - - - - oi - A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". - overlapped by - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Foolishness "A description of foolish behavior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Foolishness SOMA:Amateurish) +# Class: (Functional diagnosis) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis "An internal diagnosis of a system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis "Functional diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis ) - - - - - - - o - A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". - overlapped on - - +# Class: (Hardware diagnosis) +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the hardware of a system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis "Hardware diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) - +# Class: () - - - - - A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HumanActivityRecording "An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:HumanActivityRecording SOMA:RecordedEpisode) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Inability "A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Inability SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - - - - - - - = - `A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Infeasibility "A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Infeasibility SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - si - `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". - started by - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Masterful "A description of masterful behavior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Masterful SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis) +# Class: (Medical diagnosis) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis "A functional diagnosis of an organism.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis "Medical diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis) +SubClassOf(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) - - - - - - s - `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Question "A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Question ) - +# Class: () - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RecordedEpisode "An episode which has been recorded.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:RecordedEpisode SOMA:Episode) +SubClassOf(SOMA:RecordedEpisode ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:includesRecord )) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reification "A description that *describes* a formal entity.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Reification ) +SubClassOf(SOMA:Reification DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isReificationOf xsd:anyURI)) - - - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Sluggishness "A description of sluggish behavior.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Sluggishness SOMA:Amateurish) - +# Class: (Software diagnosis) - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the software of a system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis "Software diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:State "States are stative and homeomeric events. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL. - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. - has event begin - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. - has event end - - - - - - - - - - - Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time. - has event time - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording when some TimeInterval started. - has interval begin - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended. - has interval end - - - - - - - - - - - Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval. - has interval time - - - - - - - - - - - A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity. - has name string - - - - - - - - - - - A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved. - - - - - - - - - - - An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual. - is reification of - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for "final causes" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. - -Note a distinction between this definition and some informal, everyday uses of "accident" which require a causal structure and responsibility to be ascertained. An accident, in the informal sense, may require an explanation as to who made a mistake in bringing about the event; a "traffic accident", where we want to know who's responsible, is an example of this. - -Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads. - also think about "mistakes": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans. - links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure - Action execution plan - - - - - - - - - - A description of amateurish behavior. - - - - - - - - - A role that is played by an entity answering some query. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world. - Behavioral diagnosis - - - - - - - - - A description of clumsy behavior. - - - - - - - - - A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system. - Dexterity diagnosis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal. - Failed attempt - - - - - - - - - A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse. - - - - - - - - - A description of foolish behavior. - - - - - - - - - An internal diagnosis of a system. - Functional diagnosis - - - - - - - - - A diagnosis of the hardware of a system. - Hardware diagnosis - - - - - - - - - A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve. - - - - - - - - - A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. - - - - - - - A description of masterful behavior. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A functional diagnosis of an organism. - Medical diagnosis - - - - - - - - - A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort. - - +For stative events, the mereological sum of two instances has the same type as both instances. This is, for example, the state of sitting on a chair, or the process of a pendulum swinging around. +The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:State ) - +# Class: () - - - - - - - - - An episode which has been recorded. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Status "A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Status ) +# Class: (Success diagnosis) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis "Success diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis) - - - - - - 1 - - - - A description that *describes* a formal entity. - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Successfulness "A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Successfulness SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis) +DisjointClasses(SOMA:Successfulness SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - +# Class: (Technical diagnosis) - - - A description of sluggish behavior. - - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis "A functional diagnosis of a technical system.") +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis "Technical diagnosis") +SubClassOf(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis) +SubClassOf(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) +# Class: () - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Threshold "A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Threshold ) - - - A diagnosis of the software of a system. - Software diagnosis - - +# Class: () +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Unsuccessfulness "A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system.") +SubClassOf(SOMA:Unsuccessfulness SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis) - +# Class: (Action) - - - States are stative and homeomeric events. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal.") +SubClassOf( ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) -For stative events, the mereological sum of two instances has the same type as both instances. This is, for example, the state of sitting on a chair, or the process of a pendulum swinging around. +# Class: (Information object) -The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case. - - - - - - - - - A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off. - - - - - - - - - A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system. - Success diagnosis - - - - - - - - - - A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A functional diagnosis of a technical system. - Technical diagnosis - - - - - - - - - A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition. - - - - - - - - - A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. - - - - - - - - - - - - - The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf'") - +# Class: (Information realization) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: - - - - - http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type - - - +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC - - - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier -As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf'") +SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier xsd:string)) +SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDataFormat xsd:string)) -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ -InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC +# Class: (Plan) +SubClassOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isPlanFor )) -Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - realizes self information - - +############################ +# Named Individuals +############################ +# Individual: () +ClassAssertion(SOMA:Reification SOMA:RDFType) +DataPropertyAssertion(SOMA:isReificationOf SOMA:RDFType "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type"^^xsd:anyURI) - +AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "realizes self information"@en) +) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 63e0e60f..4f651009 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ontology: directory: ../../owl/ + format: functional to-collapse: - ontology: SOMA-All out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA.owl diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java index c3bbcc38..478c733a 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Application.java @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ package main; +import main.config.CollapseConfig; +import main.config.OntologyConfig; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; @SpringBootApplication -@EnableConfigurationProperties({CollapseConfig.class,OntologyConfig.class}) +@EnableConfigurationProperties({CollapseConfig.class, OntologyConfig.class}) public class Application { public static void main(final String... args) { diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java index 11507456..bd419132 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ package main; +import main.ci_runners.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java index cd5a6abf..dd4577d4 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ package main; +import main.config.OntologyConfig; import org.protege.xmlcatalog.owlapi.XMLCatalogIRIMapper; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunnable.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/CIRunnable.java similarity index 71% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunnable.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/CIRunnable.java index 671178c4..763828a8 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunnable.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/CIRunnable.java @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -package main; +package main.ci_runners; public interface CIRunnable { diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java similarity index 97% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java index 482284d4..c9262aa4 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/Collapser.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java @@ -1,5 +1,8 @@ -package main; +package main.ci_runners; +import main.OntologyManager; +import main.config.CollapseConfig; +import main.config.OntologyConfig; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.Imports; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java similarity index 97% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java index 95ecfcc3..86926080 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IsDefinedInAdder.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ -package main; +package main.ci_runners; +import main.OntologyManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.AxiomType; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDeclarationAxiom; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java similarity index 68% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java index 2fe4a306..4e6c5380 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologySaver.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ -package main; +package main.ci_runners; +import main.OntologyManager; +import main.config.OntologyConfig; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyStorageException; import org.slf4j.Logger; @@ -15,10 +17,12 @@ public class OntologySaver implements CIRunnable { */ private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OntologySaver.class); private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + private final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig; @Autowired - public OntologySaver(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { + public OntologySaver(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, final OntologyConfig ontologyConfig) { this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + this.ontologyConfig = ontologyConfig; } @Override @@ -26,7 +30,11 @@ public void run() throws OWLOntologyStorageException { for (final OWLOntology ontology : ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies()) { LOGGER.info("Saving {}", ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().map(Object::toString) .orElseGet(() -> "unnamed ontology")); - ontology.saveOntology(); + if (ontologyConfig.format() == null) { + ontology.saveOntology(); + } else { + ontology.saveOntology(ontologyConfig.format()); + } } } } diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/VersionInfoAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java similarity index 96% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/VersionInfoAdder.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java index 4f732a5a..b07840cf 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/VersionInfoAdder.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ -package main; +package main.ci_runners; +import main.OntologyManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.AddOntologyAnnotation; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java similarity index 97% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java index 6e9721cb..be34bf94 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CollapseConfig.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -package main; +package main.config; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.HasOntologyID; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/OntologyConfig.java similarity index 66% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/OntologyConfig.java index bcfcef2e..bf304799 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyConfig.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/OntologyConfig.java @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ -package main; +package main.config; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDocumentFormat; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import java.nio.file.Path; @@ -7,6 +8,6 @@ @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ontology") -public record OntologyConfig(Path directory, Collection toCollapse) { +public record OntologyConfig(Path directory, Collection toCollapse, OWLDocumentFormat format) { } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IRIConverter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/IRIConverter.java similarity index 95% rename from scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IRIConverter.java rename to scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/IRIConverter.java index 3c0823db..8f97b9d4 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/IRIConverter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/IRIConverter.java @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -package main; +package main.converter; import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI; diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4f294df1 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +package main.converter; + +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.FunctionalSyntaxDocumentFormat; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.ManchesterSyntaxDocumentFormat; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.OWLXMLDocumentFormat; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDocumentFormat; +import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBinding; +import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +@Component +@ConfigurationPropertiesBinding +public class OWLDocumentFormatConverter implements Converter { + + @Override + public OWLDocumentFormat convert(final String source) { + return switch (source.toUpperCase()) { + case "XML" -> new OWLXMLDocumentFormat(); + case "FUNCTIONAL" -> new FunctionalSyntaxDocumentFormat(); + case "MANCHESTER" -> new ManchesterSyntaxDocumentFormat(); + default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected value: " + source); + }; + } +} From 8a3abaf3aed93e3efc569d1b679153c15faa1d71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 13:51:14 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 62/92] Undid saving as functional syntax --- owl/DUL.owl | 8499 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 2792 +++++++---- owl/SOMA-ALL.owl | 45 +- owl/SOMA-Allen.owl | 155 +- owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl | 1011 +++- owl/SOMA-HOME.owl | 1640 +++++-- owl/SOMA-IO.owl | 275 +- owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl | 121 +- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 7965 ++++++++++++++++++++++-------- owl/SOMA-PROC.owl | 1669 +++++-- owl/SOMA-SAY.owl | 1435 ++++-- owl/SOMA-STATE.owl | 655 ++- owl/SOMA-WF.owl | 1101 +++-- owl/SOMA.owl | 3260 +++++++++---- scripts/java/application.yaml | 2 +- 15 files changed, 22301 insertions(+), 8324 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/DUL.owl b/owl/DUL.owl index c2036288..8e91795d 100644 --- a/owl/DUL.owl +++ b/owl/DUL.owl @@ -1,23 +1,28 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Annotation(rdfs:comment "The DOLCE+DnS Ultralite ontology. + + + + + + + + + + The DOLCE+DnS Ultralite ontology. It is a simplification of some parts of the DOLCE Lite-Plus library (cf. http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DLP397.owl). Main aspects in which DOLCE+DnS Ultralite departs from DOLCE Lite-Plus are the following: - The names of classes and relations have been made more intuitive -- The DnS-related part is closer to the newer 'constructive DnS' ontology (http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/cDnS.owl). +- The DnS-related part is closer to the newer 'constructive DnS' ontology (http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/cDnS.owl). - Temporal and spatial relations are simplified - Qualities and regions are more relaxed than in DOLCE-Full: they can be used as attributes of any entity; an axiom states that each quality has a region - Axiomatization makes use of simpler constructs than DOLCE Lite-Plus -- The architecture of the ontology is pattern-based, which means that DOLCE+DnS Ultralite is also available in modules, called 'content ontology design patterns', which can be applied independently in the design of domain ontologies (cf. http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org). If many modules are needed in a same ontology project, it is anyway useful to use this integrated version. +- The architecture of the ontology is pattern-based, which means that DOLCE+DnS Ultralite is also available in modules, called 'content ontology design patterns', which can be applied independently in the design of domain ontologies (cf. http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org). If many modules are needed in a same ontology project, it is anyway useful to use this integrated version. The final result is a lightweight, easy-to-apply foundational ontology for modeling either physical or social contexts. Several extensions of DOLCE+DnS Ultralite have been designed: @@ -26,16 +31,28 @@ Several extensions of DOLCE+DnS Ultralite have been designed: - Plans: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/PlansLite.owl - Legal domain: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/CLO/CoreLegal.owl - Lexical and semiotic domains: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/lmm/LMM_L2.owl -- DOLCE-Zero: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl is a commonsense-oriented generalisation of some top-level classes, which allows to use DOLCE with tolerance against ambiguities like abstract vs. concrete information, locations vs. physical artifacts, event occurrences vs. event types, events vs. situations, qualities vs. regions, etc.; etc.") -Annotation(rdfs:label "DOLCE+DnS Ultralite for SOMA") -Annotation(owl:versionInfo "3.34") -Annotation(owl:versionInfo "Created by Aldo Gangemi as both a simplification and extension of DOLCE and Descriptions and Situations ontologies.") -Annotation(owl:versionInfo "In 3.2, the links between instances of Region or Parameter, and datatypes have been revised and made more powerful, in order to support efficient design patterns for data value modelling in OWL1.0. +- DOLCE-Zero: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl is a commonsense-oriented generalisation of some top-level classes, which allows to use DOLCE with tolerance against ambiguities like abstract vs. concrete information, locations vs. physical artifacts, event occurrences vs. event types, events vs. situations, qualities vs. regions, etc.; etc. + + + + DOLCE+DnS Ultralite for SOMA + + + + 3.34 + + + + Created by Aldo Gangemi as both a simplification and extension of DOLCE and Descriptions and Situations ontologies. + + + + In 3.2, the links between instances of Region or Parameter, and datatypes have been revised and made more powerful, in order to support efficient design patterns for data value modelling in OWL1.0. Also, the names of the related properties have been changed in order to make them more intuitive. -Furthermore, a large comment field has been added to the 'expresses' object property, in order to clarify some issues about the many interpretations. +Furthermore, a large comment field has been added to the 'expresses' object property, in order to clarify some issues about the many interpretations. In 3.3, the relation between regions, parameters, and datatypes has been still improved. In 3.5, the person-related classes have been refactored: Person in 3.4 is now SocialPerson, to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition; Person is now the union of social persons and humans, therefore being a subclass of Agent. -In 3.6, other fixes on universal restriction involving expresses. Also added the property 'isConstraintFor' between parameters and entities. Moved the properties: 'assumes' and 'adopts' to the new module: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. +In 3.6, other fixes on universal restriction involving expresses. Also added the property 'isConstraintFor' between parameters and entities. Moved the properties: 'assumes' and 'adopts' to the new module: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. In 3.7, some fixes on the names of classes and properties related to FormalEntity; created a new separate module for general universal restrictions (DULGCI.owl). In 3.8, more fixes on the interface to formal entities and links to IOLite.owl. In 3.9, some naming and comment fixes. @@ -63,1652 +80,3621 @@ In 3.30, completed some domains and ranges (formerly owl:Thing, now dul:Entity), In 3.31, added a restriction to Quality and one to Region in order to ensure the original DOLCE constraint of qualities being always associated with a region, and vice versa. These axioms do not however exclude a direct applicability of qualities or regions to any other entity. In 3.32, removed redundant union axioms and some restrictions, which spot a negative trade-off between expressivity and complexity. In 3.33, added the ObjectAggregate class, added two property chains for coparticipation and same situation setting, updated some comments, added an axiom to Transition. -In 3.34, extended mereological support for parthood, introducing hasPropertPart (transitive) as a middle property between hasPart (transitive and reflexive) and hasComponent (asymmetric). This solution uses then \"reflexive reduction\" and \"transitive reduction\" design patterns (they allow to grant property characteristics through the superproperties, but not in the subproperties). Technically, mereology axioms would require that also hasProperPart be asymmetric, however a direct subproperty of an OWL non-simple property (hasPart) cannot be also asymmetric, hence the approximation. +In 3.34, extended mereological support for parthood, introducing hasPropertPart (transitive) as a middle property between hasPart (transitive and reflexive) and hasComponent (asymmetric). This solution uses then "reflexive reduction" and "transitive reduction" design patterns (they allow to grant property characteristics through the superproperties, but not in the subproperties). Technically, mereology axioms would require that also hasProperPart be asymmetric, however a direct subproperty of an OWL non-simple property (hasPart) cannot be also asymmetric, hence the approximation. Added a n-ary parthood class in order to suggest an alternative pattern for time- (and space-)indexed part relations. In order to ensure that property characteristics hold also with parthood n-ary, a property chain is introduced which infers a direct dul:partOf property for each parthood individual. -Added a dul:realizesSelfInformation propery in order to enable local reflexivity ('Self') axioms for all information realizations. +Added a dul:realizesSelfInformation propery in order to enable local reflexivity ('Self') axioms for all information realizations. In 4.0, some foundational changes are introduced. - Firstly, the temporally indexed versions of some properties are introduced as subclasses of Situation (following the n-ary relation pattern), so covering relations from DOLCE that were skipped because of their larger arity. - -- Secondly, D&S's Situation class is extracted from DOLCE top-level distinctions (it used to be a subclass of SocialObject), put as a primitive class under Entity, and not disjoint from any other class. Since we are relaxing the semantics of Situation, this change is fully compatible with previous versions of DUL. +- Secondly, D&S's Situation class is extracted from DOLCE top-level distinctions (it used to be a subclass of SocialObject), put as a primitive class under Entity, and not disjoint from any other class. Since we are relaxing the semantics of Situation, this change is fully compatible with previous versions of DUL. The reason for the change is that it may sound counterintuitive (as many have noticed) to assume a descriptive commitment for situations, but not for events or states. -In fact, D&S provides an epistemological commitment to an ontology, independently from its foundational distinctions. A situation operationalizes that epistemology, and it is better not to put it under any foundational distinction (event, object, fluent, etc.), leaving to the designer whether to use descriptions as epistemological lenses, and so generating a situation, or not. -A consequence is that any entity, when 'framed' by (satisfying) a description, becomes a situation. We can still model entities as being in a situation's setting, and classified by a concept defined in a description.") - -Declaration(Class(:Abstract)) -Declaration(Class(:Action)) -Declaration(Class(:Agent)) -Declaration(Class(:Amount)) -Declaration(Class(:BiologicalObject)) -Declaration(Class(:ChemicalObject)) -Declaration(Class(:Classification)) -Declaration(Class(:Collection)) -Declaration(Class(:Collective)) -Declaration(Class(:CollectiveAgent)) -Declaration(Class(:Community)) -Declaration(Class(:Concept)) -Declaration(Class(:Configuration)) -Declaration(Class(:Contract)) -Declaration(Class(:Description)) -Declaration(Class(:Design)) -Declaration(Class(:DesignedArtifact)) -Declaration(Class(:DesignedSubstance)) -Declaration(Class(:Diagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(:Entity)) -Declaration(Class(:Event)) -Declaration(Class(:EventType)) -Declaration(Class(:FormalEntity)) -Declaration(Class(:FunctionalSubstance)) -Declaration(Class(:Goal)) -Declaration(Class(:Group)) -Declaration(Class(:InformationEntity)) -Declaration(Class(:InformationObject)) -Declaration(Class(:InformationRealization)) -Declaration(Class(:LocalConcept)) -Declaration(Class(:Method)) -Declaration(Class(:Narrative)) -Declaration(Class(:NaturalPerson)) -Declaration(Class(:Norm)) -Declaration(Class(:Object)) -Declaration(Class(:ObjectAggregate)) -Declaration(Class(:Organism)) -Declaration(Class(:Organization)) -Declaration(Class(:Parameter)) -Declaration(Class(:Parthood)) -Declaration(Class(:Pattern)) -Declaration(Class(:Person)) -Declaration(Class(:Personification)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalAgent)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalArtifact)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalBody)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalObject)) -Declaration(Class(:PhysicalPlace)) -Declaration(Class(:Place)) -Declaration(Class(:Plan)) -Declaration(Class(:PlanExecution)) -Declaration(Class(:Process)) -Declaration(Class(:Project)) -Declaration(Class(:Quality)) -Declaration(Class(:Region)) -Declaration(Class(:Relation)) -Declaration(Class(:Right)) -Declaration(Class(:Role)) -Declaration(Class(:Set)) -Declaration(Class(:Situation)) -Declaration(Class(:SocialAgent)) -Declaration(Class(:SocialObject)) -Declaration(Class(:SocialObjectAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(:SocialPerson)) -Declaration(Class(:SocialRelation)) -Declaration(Class(:SpaceRegion)) -Declaration(Class(:SpatioTemporalRegion)) -Declaration(Class(:Substance)) -Declaration(Class(:Task)) -Declaration(Class(:Theory)) -Declaration(Class(:TimeIndexedRelation)) -Declaration(Class(:TimeInterval)) -Declaration(Class(:Transition)) -Declaration(Class(:TypeCollection)) -Declaration(Class(:UnitOfMeasure)) -Declaration(Class(:Workflow)) -Declaration(Class(:WorkflowExecution)) -Declaration(Class(owl:Thing)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:actsFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:actsThrough)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:associatedWith)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:characterizes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:classifies)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:conceptualizes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:concretelyExpresses)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:coparticipatesWith)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:covers)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:defines)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:definesRole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:definesTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:describes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:directlyFollows)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:directlyPrecedes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:executesTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expands)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expresses)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:expressesConcept)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:farFrom)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:follows)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasCommonBoundary)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasComponent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasConstituent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasConstraint)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasLocation)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasMember)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParameter)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPart)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParticipant)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPostcondition)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPrecondition)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasProperPart)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasQuality)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRegion)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasSetting)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasTimeInterval)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesAction)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesAgent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesEvent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesObject)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesPart)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesTime)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:includesWhole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:introduces)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:involvesAgent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAbout)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isActionIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAgentIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isAgentInvolvedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isCharacterizedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isClassifiedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isComponentOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptExpressedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptUsedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConceptualizedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConcretelyExpressedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConstituentOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isConstraintFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isCoveredBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isDescribedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isEventIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExecutedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExpandedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isExpressedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isIntroducedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isLocationOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isMemberOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isObjectIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isObservableAt)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParameterFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParametrizedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPartOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParticipantIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPostconditionOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPreconditionOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isPropertPartOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isQualityOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRealizedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isReferenceOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRegionFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRelatedToConcept)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRelatedToDescription)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRoleDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRoleOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSatisfiedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSettingFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSpecializedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSubordinatedTo)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isSuperordinatedTo)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTaskDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTaskOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeIntervalOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTimeOfObservationOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isUnifiedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:nearTo)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:overlaps)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:parametrizes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:precedes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizesInformationAbout)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:realizesSelfInformation)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:sameSettingAs)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:satisfies)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:specializes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:unifies)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:usesConcept)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasDataValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasEventDate)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasIntervalDate)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasParameterDataValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasRegionDataValue)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(dc:creator)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(dc:date)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(rdfs:comment)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(rdfs:label)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(owl:versionInfo)) -Declaration(Datatype(xsd:dateTime)) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (acts for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :actsFor "The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :actsFor ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :actsFor "acts for"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:actsFor :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:actsFor :actsThrough) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:actsFor :Agent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:actsFor :SocialAgent) - -# Object Property: (acts through) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :actsThrough "The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :actsThrough ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :actsThrough "acts through"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:actsThrough :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:actsThrough :SocialAgent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:actsThrough :Agent) - -# Object Property: (associated with) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :associatedWith "A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. -It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :associatedWith ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :associatedWith "associated with"@en) -InverseObjectProperties(:associatedWith :associatedWith) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:associatedWith) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:associatedWith :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:associatedWith :Entity) - -# Object Property: (characterizes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :characterizes "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :characterizes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :characterizes "characterizes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:characterizes :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:characterizes :isCharacterizedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:characterizes :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:characterizes :Collection) - -# Object Property: (classifies) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :classifies "A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :classifies ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :classifies "classifies"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:classifies :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:classifies :isClassifiedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:classifies :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:classifies :Entity) - -# Object Property: (conceptualizes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :conceptualizes "A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. -Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :conceptualizes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :conceptualizes "conceptualizes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:conceptualizes :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:conceptualizes :isConceptualizedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:conceptualizes :Agent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:conceptualizes :SocialObject) - -# Object Property: (concretely expresses) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :concretelyExpresses "A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :concretelyExpresses ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :concretelyExpresses "concretely expresses"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:concretelyExpresses :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:concretelyExpresses :isConcretelyExpressedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:concretelyExpresses :InformationRealization) -ObjectPropertyRange(:concretelyExpresses :SocialObject) - -# Object Property: (co-participates with) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :coparticipatesWith "A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :coparticipatesWith ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :coparticipatesWith "co-participates with"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:coparticipatesWith :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:coparticipatesWith :coparticipatesWith) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:coparticipatesWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:coparticipatesWith :Object) -ObjectPropertyRange(:coparticipatesWith :Object) - -# Object Property: (covers) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :covers "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :covers ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :covers "covers"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:covers :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:covers :isCoveredBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:covers :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:covers :Collection) - -# Object Property: (defines) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :defines "A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :defines ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :defines "defines"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:defines :usesConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(:defines :isDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:defines :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:defines :Concept) - -# Object Property: (defines role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :definesRole "A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :definesRole ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :definesRole "defines role"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:definesRole :defines) -InverseObjectProperties(:definesRole :isRoleDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:definesRole :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:definesRole :Role) - -# Object Property: (defines task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :definesTask "A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :definesTask ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :definesTask "defines task"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:definesTask :defines) -InverseObjectProperties(:definesTask :isTaskDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:definesTask :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:definesTask :Task) - -# Object Property: (describes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :describes "The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :describes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :describes "describes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:describes :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:describes :isDescribedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:describes :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:describes :Entity) - -# Object Property: (directly follows) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :directlyFollows "The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :directlyFollows ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :directlyFollows "directly follows"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:directlyFollows :follows) -InverseObjectProperties(:directlyFollows :directlyPrecedes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:directlyFollows :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:directlyFollows :Entity) - -# Object Property: (directly precedes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :directlyPrecedes "The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :directlyPrecedes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :directlyPrecedes "directly precedes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:directlyPrecedes :precedes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:directlyPrecedes :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:directlyPrecedes :Entity) - -# Object Property: (executes task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :executesTask "A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :executesTask ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :executesTask "executes task"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:executesTask :isClassifiedBy) -InverseObjectProperties(:executesTask :isExecutedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:executesTask :Action) -ObjectPropertyRange(:executesTask :Task) - -# Object Property: (expands) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expands "A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. -Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expands ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expands "expands"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:expands :isRelatedToDescription) -InverseObjectProperties(:expands :isExpandedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:expands :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:expands :Description) - -# Object Property: (expresses) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expresses "A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expresses "This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. -For example, in all these cases, some aspect of meaning is involved: - -- Beehive means \"a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.\" (Oxford dictionary) -- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 \"beehive|hive\" (WordNet) -- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' -- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' -- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' -- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' -- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' -- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' -- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' -- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) - -As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. -However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. -We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. - -In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). -Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. -Still another approach is that of psychologists and cognitive scientists, which often assume that the meaning of an information object is a concept encoded in the mind or cognitive system of an agent. -A radically different approach is taken by social scientists and semioticians, who usually assume that meanings of an information object are spread across the communication practices in which members of a community use that object. -Another approach that tackles the distributed nature of meaning is assumed by geometrical models of semantics, which assume that the meaning of an InformationObject (e.g. a word) results from the set of informational contexts (e.g. within texts) in which that object is used similarly. -The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. -Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. - -These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): - -(1) Informal meaning (as for linguistic or commonsense semantics: a distinction is assumed between (informal) meaning and reference; see isAbout for an alternative pattern on reference) - - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' - - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept - - Relational meaning (as for frame semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Description - - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) - - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) - - Distributional meaning (as for geometrical models of meaning). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isFormallyRepresentedIn some (geometrical) Region (e.g. a vector space) - -(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) - - Object-level formal meaning (as in the traditional first-order logic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor (in most cases) a Set; isGroundingFor is defined in the ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/IOLite.owl - - Modal formal meaning (as in possible-world semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a Set, and which isPartOf some different instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a PossibleWorld - -This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expresses ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expresses "expresses"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:expresses :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:expresses :isExpressedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:expresses :InformationObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:expresses :SocialObject) - -# Object Property: (expresses concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :expressesConcept "A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term \"dog\" expresses the Concept \"dog\". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :expressesConcept ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :expressesConcept "expresses concept"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:expressesConcept :expresses) -InverseObjectProperties(:expressesConcept :isConceptExpressedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:expressesConcept :InformationObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:expressesConcept :Concept) - -# Object Property: (far from) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :farFrom "Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :farFrom ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :farFrom "far from"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:farFrom :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:farFrom :farFrom) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:farFrom) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:farFrom :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:farFrom :Entity) - -# Object Property: (follows) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :follows "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. -It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :follows ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :follows "follows"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:follows :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:follows :precedes) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:follows) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:follows :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:follows :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has common boundary) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasCommonBoundary "A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasCommonBoundary ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasCommonBoundary "has common boundary"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasCommonBoundary :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasCommonBoundary :hasCommonBoundary) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:hasCommonBoundary) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasCommonBoundary :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasCommonBoundary :Entity) - -# Object Property: (ha componente) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasComponent "The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasComponent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasComponent "ha componente"@it) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasComponent "has component"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasComponent :hasProperPart) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasComponent :isComponentOf) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(:hasComponent) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasComponent :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasComponent :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has constituent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasConstituent "'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. -Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. -A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. -Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasConstituent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasConstituent "has constituent"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasConstituent :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasConstituent :isConstituentOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasConstituent :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasConstituent :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has constraint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasConstraint "A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasConstraint ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasConstraint "has constraint"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasConstraint :isClassifiedBy) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasConstraint :isConstraintFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasConstraint :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasConstraint :Parameter) - -# Object Property: (has location) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasLocation "A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasLocation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasLocation "has location"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasLocation :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasLocation :isLocationOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasLocation :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasLocation :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has member) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasMember "A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasMember ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasMember "has member"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasMember :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasMember :isMemberOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasMember :Collection) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasMember :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParameter "A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParameter ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParameter "has parameter"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParameter :isRelatedToConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasParameter :isParameterFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParameter :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParameter :Parameter) - -# Object Property: (has part) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPart "A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. - -Parthood should assume the basic properties of mereology: transitivity, antisymmetry, and reflexivity (propert Parthood of course misses reflexivity). -However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to adopt one of two patterns: -1) dropping asymmetry axioms, while granting reflexivity: this means that symmetry is not enforced, but permitted for the case of reflexivity. Of course, in this way we cannot prevent symmetric usages of hasPart; -2) dropping the reflexivity axiom, and enforce asymmetry: in this case, we would prevent all symmetric usages, but we loose the possibility of enforcing reflexivity, which is commonsensical in parthood. -In DUL, we adopt pattern #1 for partOf, and pattern #2 for properPartOf, which seems a good approximation: due to the lack of inheritance of property characteristics, each asymmetric hasPropertPart assertion would also be a reflexive hasPart assertion (reflexive reduction design pattern). - -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPart ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPart "has part"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPart :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasPart :isPartOf) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:hasPart) -ReflexiveObjectProperty(:hasPart) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPart :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPart :Entity) - -# Object Property: (has participant) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParticipant "A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParticipant ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParticipant "has participant"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParticipant :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasParticipant :isParticipantIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParticipant :Event) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParticipant :Object) - -# Object Property: (has postcondition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPostcondition "Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPostcondition ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPostcondition "has postcondition"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPostcondition :directlyPrecedes) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasPostcondition :isPostconditionOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPostcondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPostcondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) - -# Object Property: (has precondition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPrecondition "Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasPrecondition ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPrecondition "has precondition"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPrecondition :directlyFollows) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasPrecondition :isPreconditionOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPrecondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPrecondition ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) - -# Object Property: (has proper part) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasProperPart "Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasProperPart "has proper part"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasProperPart :hasPart) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasProperPart :isPropertPartOf) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:hasProperPart) - -# Object Property: (has quality) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasQuality "A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasQuality ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasQuality "has quality"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasQuality :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasQuality :isQualityOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasQuality :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasQuality :Quality) - -# Object Property: (has region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRegion "A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRegion ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRegion "has region"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRegion :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasRegion :isRegionFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRegion :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRegion :Region) - -# Object Property: (has role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRole "A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRole ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRole "has role"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRole :isClassifiedBy) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasRole :isRoleOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRole :Object) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRole :Role) - -# Object Property: (has setting) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasSetting "A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasSetting ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasSetting "has setting"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasSetting :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasSetting :isSettingFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasSetting :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasSetting :Situation) - -# Object Property: (has task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasTask "A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams').") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasTask ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasTask "has task"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasTask :isRelatedToConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasTask :isTaskOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasTask :Role) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasTask :Task) - -# Object Property: (has time interval) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasTimeInterval "The generic relation between events and time intervals."@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasTimeInterval ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasTimeInterval "has time interval"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasTimeInterval :hasRegion) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasTimeInterval :isTimeIntervalOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasTimeInterval :Event) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasTimeInterval :TimeInterval) - -# Object Property: (includes action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesAction "A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesAction ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesAction "includes action"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesAction :includesEvent) -InverseObjectProperties(:includesAction :isActionIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesAction :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:includesAction :Action) - -# Object Property: (includes agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesAgent "A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesAgent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesAgent "includes agent"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesAgent :includesObject) -InverseObjectProperties(:includesAgent :isAgentIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesAgent :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:includesAgent :Agent) - -# Object Property: (includes event) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesEvent "A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesEvent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesEvent "includes event"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesEvent :isSettingFor) -InverseObjectProperties(:includesEvent :isEventIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesEvent :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:includesEvent :Event) - -# Object Property: (includes object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesObject "A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesObject "includes object"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesObject :isSettingFor) -InverseObjectProperties(:includesObject :isObjectIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesObject :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:includesObject :Object) - -# Object Property: (includes part) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesPart ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesPart "includes part"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesPart :isSettingFor) - -# Object Property: (includes time) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :includesTime "A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesTime ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesTime "includes time"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesTime :isSettingFor) -InverseObjectProperties(:includesTime :isTimeIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:includesTime :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:includesTime :TimeInterval) - -# Object Property: (includes whole) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :includesWhole ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :includesWhole "includes whole"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:includesWhole :isSettingFor) - -# Object Property: (introduces) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :introduces "A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :introduces ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :introduces "introduces"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:introduces :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:introduces :isIntroducedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:introduces :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:introduces :SocialAgent) - -# Object Property: (involves agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :involvesAgent "Agent participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :involvesAgent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :involvesAgent "involves agent"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:involvesAgent :hasParticipant) -InverseObjectProperties(:involvesAgent :isAgentInvolvedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:involvesAgent :Event) -ObjectPropertyRange(:involvesAgent :Agent) - -# Object Property: (is about) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isAbout "A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. -A specific sentence may use common nouns with either a singular or plural reference, or it can even refer to all possible references (e.g. in a lexicographic definition): all those uses are kinds of aboutness. - -The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). -If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAbout ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAbout "is about"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAbout :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isAbout :isReferenceOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAbout :InformationObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isAbout :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is action included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isActionIncludedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isActionIncludedIn "is action included in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isActionIncludedIn :isEventIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isActionIncludedIn :Action) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isActionIncludedIn :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is agent included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAgentIncludedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAgentIncludedIn "is agent included in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAgentIncludedIn :isObjectIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAgentIncludedIn :Agent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isAgentIncludedIn :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is agent involved in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isAgentInvolvedIn "Agent participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isAgentInvolvedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isAgentInvolvedIn "is agent involved in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isAgentInvolvedIn :isParticipantIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isAgentInvolvedIn :Agent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isAgentInvolvedIn :Event) - -# Object Property: (is characterized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isCharacterizedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isCharacterizedBy "is characterized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isCharacterizedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isCharacterizedBy :Collection) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isCharacterizedBy :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is classified by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isClassifiedBy "A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isClassifiedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isClassifiedBy "is classified by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isClassifiedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isClassifiedBy :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isClassifiedBy :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is component of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isComponentOf "The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isComponentOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isComponentOf "is component of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isComponentOf :isPropertPartOf) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(:isComponentOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isComponentOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isComponentOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is concept expressed by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptExpressedBy "A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term \"dog\" expresses the Concept \"dog\". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptExpressedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptExpressedBy "is concept expressed by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptExpressedBy :isExpressedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptExpressedBy :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptExpressedBy :InformationObject) - -# Object Property: (is concept used in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptUsedIn "A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptUsedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptUsedIn "is concept used in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptUsedIn :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isConceptUsedIn :usesConcept) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptUsedIn :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptUsedIn :Description) - -# Object Property: (is conceptualized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConceptualizedBy "A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConceptualizedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConceptualizedBy "is conceptualized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConceptualizedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConceptualizedBy :SocialObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConceptualizedBy :Agent) - -# Object Property: (is concretely expressed by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConcretelyExpressedBy "A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConcretelyExpressedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConcretelyExpressedBy "is concretely expressed by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :SocialObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConcretelyExpressedBy :InformationRealization) - -# Object Property: (is constituent of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConstituentOf "'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. -Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. -A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. -Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConstituentOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConstituentOf "is constituent of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConstituentOf :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConstituentOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConstituentOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is constraint for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isConstraintFor "A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isConstraintFor ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isConstraintFor "is constraint for"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isConstraintFor :classifies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isConstraintFor :Parameter) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isConstraintFor :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is covered by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isCoveredBy "A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isCoveredBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isCoveredBy "is covered by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isCoveredBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isCoveredBy :Collection) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isCoveredBy :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isDefinedIn "A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isDefinedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isDefinedIn "is defined in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isDefinedIn :isConceptUsedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isDefinedIn :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isDefinedIn :Description) - -# Object Property: (is described by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isDescribedBy "The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isDescribedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isDescribedBy "is described by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isDescribedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isDescribedBy :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isDescribedBy :Description) - -# Object Property: (is event included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isEventIncludedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isEventIncludedIn "is event included in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isEventIncludedIn :hasSetting) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isEventIncludedIn :Event) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isEventIncludedIn :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is executed in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExecutedIn "A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExecutedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExecutedIn "is executed in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExecutedIn :classifies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExecutedIn :Task) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isExecutedIn :Action) - -# Object Property: (is expanded in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExpandedIn "A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. -Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExpandedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExpandedIn "is expanded in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExpandedIn :isRelatedToDescription) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExpandedIn :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isExpandedIn :Description) - -# Object Property: (is expressed by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isExpressedBy "A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). -For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isExpressedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isExpressedBy "is expressed by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isExpressedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isExpressedBy :SocialObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isExpressedBy :InformationObject) - -# Object Property: (is introduced by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isIntroducedBy "A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isIntroducedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isIntroducedBy "is introduced by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isIntroducedBy :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isIntroducedBy :SocialAgent) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isIntroducedBy :Description) - -# Object Property: (is location of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isLocationOf "A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isLocationOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isLocationOf "is location of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isLocationOf :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isLocationOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isLocationOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is member of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isMemberOf "A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isMemberOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isMemberOf "is member of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isMemberOf :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isMemberOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isMemberOf :Collection) - -# Object Property: (is object included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isObjectIncludedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isObjectIncludedIn "is object included in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isObjectIncludedIn :hasSetting) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isObjectIncludedIn :Object) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isObjectIncludedIn :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is observable at) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isObservableAt "A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. -In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isObservableAt ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isObservableAt "is observable at"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isObservableAt :hasRegion) -InverseObjectProperties(:isObservableAt :isTimeOfObservationOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isObservableAt :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isObservableAt :TimeInterval) - -# Object Property: (is parameter for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParameterFor "A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParameterFor ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParameterFor "is parameter for"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParameterFor :isRelatedToConcept) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParameterFor :Parameter) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isParameterFor :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is parametrized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParametrizedBy "The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParametrizedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParametrizedBy "is parametrized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParametrizedBy :isClassifiedBy) -InverseObjectProperties(:isParametrizedBy :parametrizes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParametrizedBy :Region) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isParametrizedBy :Parameter) - -# Object Property: (is part of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPartOf "A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPartOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPartOf "is part of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPartOf :associatedWith) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:isPartOf) -ReflexiveObjectProperty(:isPartOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPartOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isPartOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is participant in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParticipantIn "A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isParticipantIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParticipantIn "is participant in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParticipantIn :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParticipantIn :Object) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isParticipantIn :Event) - -# Object Property: (is postcondition of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPostconditionOf "Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPostconditionOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPostconditionOf "is postcondition of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPostconditionOf :directlyFollows) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPostconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isPostconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) - -# Object Property: (is precondition of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPreconditionOf "Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isPreconditionOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPreconditionOf "is precondition of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPreconditionOf :directlyPrecedes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isPreconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isPreconditionOf ObjectUnionOf(:Event :Situation)) - -# Object Property: (is propert part of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isPropertPartOf "http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isPropertPartOf "is propert part of"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso :isPropertPartOf :hasProperPart) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isPropertPartOf :isPartOf) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:isPropertPartOf) - -# Object Property: (is quality of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isQualityOf "A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isQualityOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isQualityOf "is quality of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isQualityOf :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isQualityOf :Quality) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isQualityOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is realized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRealizedBy "A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRealizedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRealizedBy "is realized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRealizedBy :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isRealizedBy :realizes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRealizedBy :InformationObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRealizedBy :InformationRealization) - -# Object Property: (is reference of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isReferenceOf "A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . -The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isReferenceOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isReferenceOf "is reference of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isReferenceOf :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isReferenceOf :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isReferenceOf :InformationObject) - -# Object Property: (is reference of information realized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy "The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy "is reference of information realized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :realizesInformationAbout) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy :InformationRealization) - -# Object Property: (is region for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRegionFor "A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRegionFor ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRegionFor "is region for"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRegionFor :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRegionFor :Region) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRegionFor :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is related to concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRelatedToConcept "Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRelatedToConcept ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRelatedToConcept "is related to concept"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRelatedToConcept :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isRelatedToConcept :isRelatedToConcept) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:isRelatedToConcept) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRelatedToConcept :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRelatedToConcept :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is related to description) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRelatedToDescription "Any relation between descriptions.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRelatedToDescription ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRelatedToDescription "is related to description"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRelatedToDescription :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isRelatedToDescription :isRelatedToDescription) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:isRelatedToDescription) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRelatedToDescription :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRelatedToDescription :Description) - -# Object Property: (is role defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRoleDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRoleDefinedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRoleDefinedIn "is role defined in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRoleDefinedIn :isDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRoleDefinedIn :Role) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRoleDefinedIn :Description) - -# Object Property: (is role of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRoleOf "A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isRoleOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRoleOf "is role of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRoleOf :classifies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRoleOf :Role) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRoleOf :Object) - -# Object Property: (is satisfied by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSatisfiedBy "A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSatisfiedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSatisfiedBy "is satisfied by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSatisfiedBy :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isSatisfiedBy :satisfies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSatisfiedBy :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isSatisfiedBy :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is setting for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSettingFor "A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSettingFor ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSettingFor "is setting for"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSettingFor :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSettingFor :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isSettingFor :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is specialized by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSpecializedBy "A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. -E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSpecializedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSpecializedBy "is specialized by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSpecializedBy :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isSpecializedBy :specializes) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:isSpecializedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSpecializedBy :SocialObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isSpecializedBy :SocialObject) - -# Object Property: (is subordinated to) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSubordinatedTo "Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSubordinatedTo ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSubordinatedTo "is subordinated to"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSubordinatedTo :directlyFollows) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSubordinatedTo :isRelatedToConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(:isSubordinatedTo :isSuperordinatedTo) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSubordinatedTo :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isSubordinatedTo :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is superordinated to) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isSuperordinatedTo "Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isSuperordinatedTo ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isSuperordinatedTo "is superordinated to"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSuperordinatedTo :directlyPrecedes) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isSuperordinatedTo :isRelatedToConcept) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isSuperordinatedTo :Concept) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isSuperordinatedTo :Concept) - -# Object Property: (is task defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTaskDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTaskDefinedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTaskDefinedIn "is task defined in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTaskDefinedIn :isDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTaskDefinedIn :Task) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTaskDefinedIn :Description) - -# Object Property: (is task of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTaskOf "A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams').") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTaskOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTaskOf "is task of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTaskOf :isRelatedToConcept) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTaskOf :Task) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTaskOf :Role) - -# Object Property: (is time included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeIncludedIn ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeIncludedIn "is time included in"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeIncludedIn :hasSetting) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeIncludedIn :TimeInterval) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeIncludedIn :Situation) - -# Object Property: (is time interval of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTimeIntervalOf "The generic relation between time intervals and events."@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeIntervalOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeIntervalOf "is time interval of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeIntervalOf :isRegionFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeIntervalOf :TimeInterval) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeIntervalOf :Event) - -# Object Property: (is time of observation of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTimeOfObservationOf "A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. -In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isTimeOfObservationOf ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isTimeOfObservationOf "is time of observation of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTimeOfObservationOf :isRegionFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTimeOfObservationOf :TimeInterval) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTimeOfObservationOf :Entity) - -# Object Property: (is unified by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isUnifiedBy "A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :isUnifiedBy ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isUnifiedBy "is unified by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isUnifiedBy :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:isUnifiedBy :unifies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isUnifiedBy :Collection) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isUnifiedBy :Description) - -# Object Property: (near to) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :nearTo "Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :nearTo ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :nearTo "near to"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:nearTo :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:nearTo :nearTo) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:nearTo) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:nearTo :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:nearTo :Entity) - -# Object Property: (overlaps) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :overlaps "A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :overlaps ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :overlaps "overlaps"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:overlaps :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:overlaps :overlaps) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:overlaps) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:overlaps :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:overlaps :Entity) - -# Object Property: (parametrizes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :parametrizes "The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. -For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :parametrizes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :parametrizes "parametrizes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:parametrizes :classifies) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:parametrizes :Parameter) -ObjectPropertyRange(:parametrizes :Region) - -# Object Property: (precedes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :precedes "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. -It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. -Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :precedes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :precedes "precedes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:precedes :associatedWith) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:precedes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:precedes :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:precedes :Entity) - -# Object Property: (realizes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizes "A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizes "realizes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizes :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:realizes :InformationRealization) -ObjectPropertyRange(:realizes :InformationObject) - -# Object Property: (realizes information about) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizesInformationAbout "The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizesInformationAbout ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizesInformationAbout "realizes information about"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizesInformationAbout :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:realizesInformationAbout :InformationRealization) -ObjectPropertyRange(:realizesInformationAbout :Entity) - -# Object Property: (realizes self information) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :realizesSelfInformation "This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :realizesSelfInformation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :realizesSelfInformation "realizes self-information"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:realizesSelfInformation :realizesInformationAbout) - -# Object Property: (is in the same setting as) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :sameSettingAs "A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom)."@it) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :sameSettingAs "http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :sameSettingAs "is in the same setting as"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:sameSettingAs :associatedWith) -InverseObjectProperties(:sameSettingAs :sameSettingAs) -SymmetricObjectProperty(:sameSettingAs) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:sameSettingAs :Entity) -ObjectPropertyRange(:sameSettingAs :Entity) - -# Object Property: (satisfies) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :satisfies "A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :satisfies ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :satisfies "satisfies"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:satisfies :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:satisfies :Situation) -ObjectPropertyRange(:satisfies :Description) - -# Object Property: (specializes) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :specializes "A partial order relation that holds between social objects. -It mainly represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept or Description and another Concept (resp. Description) that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrower in intensional interpretation. For example, the role PhDStudent specializes the role Student. -Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :specializes ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :specializes "specializes"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:specializes :associatedWith) -TransitiveObjectProperty(:specializes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:specializes :SocialObject) -ObjectPropertyRange(:specializes :SocialObject) - -# Object Property: (unifies) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :unifies "A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :unifies ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :unifies "unifies"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:unifies :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:unifies :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:unifies :Collection) - -# Object Property: (uses concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :usesConcept "A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :usesConcept ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :usesConcept "uses concept"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(:usesConcept :associatedWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:usesConcept :Description) -ObjectPropertyRange(:usesConcept :Concept) - - -############################ -# Data Properties -############################ - -# Data Property: (has data value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasDataValue "A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. -There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): - -1) Directly assert an xsd:_ value to an Entity by using hasDataValue -2) Assert a Region for an Entity by using hasRegion, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue -3) Assert a Quality for an Entity by using hasQuality, then assert a Region for that Quality, and assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue -4) When the value is required, but not directly observed, assert a Parameter for an xsd:_ value by using hasParameterDataValue, and then associate the Parameter to an Entity by using isConstraintFor -5) When the value is required, but not directly observed, you can also assert a Parameter for a Region by using parametrizes, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue - -The five approaches obey different requirements. -For example, a simple value can be easily asserted by using pattern (1), but if one needs to assert an interval between two values, a Region should be introduced to materialize that interval, as pattern (2) suggests. -Furthermore, if one needs to distinguish the individual Quality of a value, e.g. the particular nature of the density of a substance, pattern (3) can be used. -Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasDataValue ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasDataValue "has data value"@en) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasDataValue :Entity) - -# Data Property: (has event date) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasEventDate "A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasEventDate ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasEventDate "has event date"@en) -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasEventDate :hasDataValue) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasEventDate :Event) -DataPropertyRange(:hasEventDate xsd:dateTime) - -# Data Property: (has interval date) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasIntervalDate "A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasIntervalDate ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasIntervalDate "has interval date"@en) -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasIntervalDate :hasRegionDataValue) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasIntervalDate :TimeInterval) -DataPropertyRange(:hasIntervalDate xsd:dateTime) - -# Data Property: (has parameter data value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParameterDataValue "Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. -More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. -Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasParameterDataValue ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParameterDataValue "has parameter data value"@en) -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasParameterDataValue :hasDataValue) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasParameterDataValue :Parameter) - -# Data Property: (has region data value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRegionDataValue "A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :hasRegionDataValue ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRegionDataValue "has region data value"@en) -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasRegionDataValue :hasDataValue) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasRegionDataValue :Region) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Abstract) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Abstract "Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Abstract ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Abstract "Abstract"@en) -SubClassOf(:Abstract :Entity) -DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Event) -DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Object) -DisjointClasses(:Abstract :Quality) - -# Class: (Action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Action "An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Action ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Action "Action"@en) -SubClassOf(:Action :Event) -SubClassOf(:Action ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasParticipant :Agent)) -SubClassOf(:Action ObjectMinCardinality(1 :executesTask)) - -# Class: (Agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Agent "Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Agent "Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Agent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Agent "Agent"@en) -SubClassOf(:Agent :Object) - -# Class: (Amount) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Amount "A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Amount ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Amount "Amount"@en) -SubClassOf(:Amount :Region) -DisjointClasses(:Amount :PhysicalAttribute) -DisjointClasses(:Amount :SpaceRegion) -DisjointClasses(:Amount :TimeInterval) - -# Class: (Biological object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :BiologicalObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :BiologicalObject "Biological object"@en) -SubClassOf(:BiologicalObject :PhysicalBody) - -# Class: (Chemical object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :ChemicalObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ChemicalObject "Chemical object"@en) -SubClassOf(:ChemicalObject :PhysicalBody) - -# Class: (Time-indexed classification) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Classification "A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. -In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Classification ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Classification "Time-indexed classification"@en) -SubClassOf(:Classification :TimeIndexedRelation) -SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Concept)) -SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Entity)) -SubClassOf(:Classification ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :TimeInterval)) - -# Class: (Collection) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Collection "Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. \"stone objects\", \"the nurses\", \"the Louvre Aegyptian collection\", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. +In fact, D&S provides an epistemological commitment to an ontology, independently from its foundational distinctions. A situation operationalizes that epistemology, and it is better not to put it under any foundational distinction (event, object, fluent, etc.), leaving to the designer whether to use descriptions as epistemological lenses, and so generating a situation, or not. +A consequence is that any entity, when 'framed' by (satisfying) a description, becomes a situation. We can still model entities as being in a situation's setting, and classified by a concept defined in a description. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 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+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract + Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract + Abstract + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action + An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action + Action + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent + Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent + Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent + Agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount + A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount + Amount + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#BiologicalObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#BiologicalObject + Biological object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ChemicalObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ChemicalObject + Chemical object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification + A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. +In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification + Time-indexed classification + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection + Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. "stone objects", "the nurses", "the Louvre Aegyptian collection", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. A collection is not a logical class: a collection is a first-order entity, while a class is second-order. -A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Collection ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Collection "Collection"@en) -SubClassOf(:Collection :SocialObject) -SubClassOf(:Collection ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Collection)) - -# Class: (Collective) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Collective "A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. \"the nurses\", \"the Italian rockabilly fans\". -Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Collective ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Collective "Collective"@en) -SubClassOf(:Collective :Collection) -SubClassOf(:Collective ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasMember :Agent)) - -# Class: (Collective agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CollectiveAgent "A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. -For example, in sociology, a 'group action' is the situation in which a number of people (that result to be members of a collective) in a given area behave in a coordinated way in order to achieve a (often common) goal. The Agent in such a Situation is not single, but a CollectiveAgent (a Group). This can be generalized to the notion of social movement, which assumes a large Community or even the entire Society as agents. -The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :CollectiveAgent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :CollectiveAgent "Collective agent"@en) -SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent :SocialAgent) -SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:actsThrough :Agent)) -SubClassOf(:CollectiveAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isIntroducedBy :Description)) - -# Class: (Community) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Community ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Community "Community"@en) -SubClassOf(:Community :CollectiveAgent) - -# Class: (Concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Concept "A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. -The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Concept ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Concept "Concept"@en) -SubClassOf(:Concept :SocialObject) -SubClassOf(:Concept ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDefinedIn :Description)) -SubClassOf(:Concept ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Concept)) -DisjointClasses(:Concept :InformationObject) -DisjointClasses(:Concept :Situation) -DisjointClasses(:Concept :SocialAgent) - -# Class: (Configuration) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Configuration "A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. +A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection + Collection + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective + A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. "the nurses", "the Italian rockabilly fans". +Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective + Collective + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent + A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. +For example, in sociology, a 'group action' is the situation in which a number of people (that result to be members of a collective) in a given area behave in a coordinated way in order to achieve a (often common) goal. The Agent in such a Situation is not single, but a CollectiveAgent (a Group). This can be generalized to the notion of social movement, which assumes a large Community or even the entire Society as agents. +The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent + Collective agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Community + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Community + Community + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept + A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. +The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept + Concept + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration + A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. Typically, a configuration is the collection that emerges out of a composed entity: an industrial artifact, a plan, a discourse, etc. -E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Configuration ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Configuration "Configuration"@en) -SubClassOf(:Configuration :Collection) - -# Class: (Contract) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Contract "(The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Contract ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Contract "Contract"@en) -SubClassOf(:Contract :Description) - -# Class: (Description) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Description "A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. -It can be thought also as a 'descriptive context' that uses or defines concepts in order to create a view on a 'relational context' (cf. Situation) out of a set of data or observations. +E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration + Configuration + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract + (The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract + Contract + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description + A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. +It can be thought also as a 'descriptive context' that uses or defines concepts in order to create a view on a 'relational context' (cf. Situation) out of a set of data or observations. For example, a Plan is a Description of some actions to be executed by agents in a certain way, with certain parameters; a Diagnosis is a Description that provides an interpretation for a set of observed entities, etc. -Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Description ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Description "Description"@en) -SubClassOf(:Description :SocialObject) -DisjointClasses(:Description :InformationObject) -DisjointClasses(:Description :Situation) -DisjointClasses(:Description :SocialAgent) - -# Class: (Design) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Design "A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. +Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description + Description + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design + A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. A design is usually accompanied by the rationales behind the construction of the designed Entity (i.e. of the reasons why a design is claimed to be as such). For example, the actual design (a Situation) of a car or of a law is based on both the specification (a Description) of the structure, and the rationales used to construct cars or laws. -While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Design ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Design "Design"@en) -SubClassOf(:Design :Description) - -# Class: (Designed artifact) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DesignedArtifact "A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :DesignedArtifact ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :DesignedArtifact "Designed artifact"@en) -SubClassOf(:DesignedArtifact :PhysicalArtifact) -SubClassOf(:DesignedArtifact ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Design)) - -# Class: (Designed substance) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :DesignedSubstance ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :DesignedSubstance "Designed substance"@en) -SubClassOf(:DesignedSubstance :DesignedArtifact) -SubClassOf(:DesignedSubstance :FunctionalSubstance) - -# Class: (Diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Diagnosis "A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Diagnosis ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Diagnosis "Diagnosis"@en) -SubClassOf(:Diagnosis :Description) - -# Class: (Entity) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Entity "Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Entity ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Entity "Entity"@en) - -# Class: (Event) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Event "Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. - -More theoretically, events can be classified in different ways, possibly based on 'aspect' (e.g. stative, continuous, accomplishement, achievement, etc.), on 'agentivity' (e.g. intentional, natural, etc.), or on 'typical participants' (e.g. human, physical, abstract, food, etc.). +While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design + Design + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact + A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact + Designed artifact + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedSubstance + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedSubstance + Designed substance + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis + A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis + Diagnosis + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity + Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity + Entity + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event + Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. + +More theoretically, events can be classified in different ways, possibly based on 'aspect' (e.g. stative, continuous, accomplishement, achievement, etc.), on 'agentivity' (e.g. intentional, natural, etc.), or on 'typical participants' (e.g. human, physical, abstract, food, etc.). Here no special direction is taken, and the following explains why: events are related to observable situations, and they can have different views at a same time. If a position has to be suggested here anyway, the participant-based classification of events seems the most stable and appropriate for many modelling problems. (1) Alternative aspectual views -Consider a same event 'rock erosion in the Sinni valley': it can be conceptualized as an accomplishment (what has brought a certain state to occur), as an achievement (the state resulting from a previous accomplishment), as a punctual event (if we collapse the time interval of the erosion into a time point), or as a transition (something that has changed from a state to a different one). +Consider a same event 'rock erosion in the Sinni valley': it can be conceptualized as an accomplishment (what has brought a certain state to occur), as an achievement (the state resulting from a previous accomplishment), as a punctual event (if we collapse the time interval of the erosion into a time point), or as a transition (something that has changed from a state to a different one). In the erosion case, we could therefore have good motivations to shift from one aspect to another: a) causation focus, b) effectual focus, c) historical condensation, d) transition (causality). The different views refer to the same event, but are still different: how to live with this seeming paradox? -A typical solution e.g. in linguistics (cf. Levin's aspectual classes) and in DOLCE Full (cf. WonderWeb D18 axiomatization) is to classify events based on aspectual differences. But this solution would create different identities for a same event, where the difference is only based on the modeller's attitude. -An alternative solution is suggested here, and exploits the notion of (observable) Situation; a Situation is a view, consistent with a Description, which can be observed of a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame'. Therefore, a Situation allows to create a context where each particular view can have a proper identity, while the Event preserves its own identity. -For example, ErosionAsAccomplishment is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as a process leading to a certain achievement: the conditions (roles, parameters) that suggest such view are stated in a Description, which acts as a 'theory of accomplishments'. Similarly, ErosionAsTransition is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as an event that has changed a state to another: the conditions for such interpretation are stated in a different Description, which acts as a 'theory of state transitions'. +A typical solution e.g. in linguistics (cf. Levin's aspectual classes) and in DOLCE Full (cf. WonderWeb D18 axiomatization) is to classify events based on aspectual differences. But this solution would create different identities for a same event, where the difference is only based on the modeller's attitude. +An alternative solution is suggested here, and exploits the notion of (observable) Situation; a Situation is a view, consistent with a Description, which can be observed of a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame'. Therefore, a Situation allows to create a context where each particular view can have a proper identity, while the Event preserves its own identity. +For example, ErosionAsAccomplishment is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as a process leading to a certain achievement: the conditions (roles, parameters) that suggest such view are stated in a Description, which acts as a 'theory of accomplishments'. Similarly, ErosionAsTransition is a Situation where rock erosion is observed as an event that has changed a state to another: the conditions for such interpretation are stated in a different Description, which acts as a 'theory of state transitions'. Consider that in no case the actual event is changed or enriched in parts by the aspectual view. (2) Alternative intentionality views @@ -1716,546 +3702,2745 @@ Consider that in no case the actual event is changed or enriched in parts by the Similarly to aspectual views, several intentionality views can be provided for a same Event. For example, one can investigate if an avalanche has been caused by immediate natural forces, or if there is any hint of an intentional effort to activate those natural forces. Also in this case, the Event as such has not different identities, while the causal analysis generates situations with different identities, according to what Description is taken for interpreting the Event. On the other hand, if the possible actions of an Agent causing the starting of an avalanche are taken as parts of the Event, then this makes its identity change, because we are adding a part to it. -Therefore, if intentionality is a criterion to classify events or not, this depends on if an ontology designer wants to consider causality as a relevant dimension for events' identity. +Therefore, if intentionality is a criterion to classify events or not, this depends on if an ontology designer wants to consider causality as a relevant dimension for events' identity. (3) Alternative participant views A slightly different case is when we consider the basic participants to an Event. In this case, the identity of the Event is affected by the participating objects, because it depends on them. For example, if snow, mountain slopes, wind, waves, etc. are considered as an avalanche basic participants, or if we also want to add water, human agents, etc., that makes the identity of an avalanche change. -Anyway, this approach to event classification is based on the designer's choices, and more accurately mirrors lexical or commonsense classifications (see. e.g. WordNet 'supersenses' for verb synsets). +Anyway, this approach to event classification is based on the designer's choices, and more accurately mirrors lexical or commonsense classifications (see. e.g. WordNet 'supersenses' for verb synsets). -Ultimately, this discussion has no end, because realists will keep defending the idea that events in reality are not changed by the way we describe them, while constructivists will keep defending the idea that, whatever 'true reality' is about, it can't be modelled without the theoretical burden of how we observe and describe it. +Ultimately, this discussion has no end, because realists will keep defending the idea that events in reality are not changed by the way we describe them, while constructivists will keep defending the idea that, whatever 'true reality' is about, it can't be modelled without the theoretical burden of how we observe and describe it. Both positions are in principle valid, but, if taken too radically, they focus on issues that are only partly relevant to the aim of computational ontologies, which assist domain experts in representing a certain portion of reality according to their own assumptions and requirements. -For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Event ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Event "Event"@en) -SubClassOf(:Event :Entity) -SubClassOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasParticipant :Object)) -SubClassOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasTimeInterval :TimeInterval)) -SubClassOf(:Event ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Event)) -SubClassOf(:Event ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Event)) -DisjointClasses(:Event :Object) -DisjointClasses(:Event :Quality) - -# Class: (Event type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :EventType "A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in)") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :EventType ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :EventType "Event type"@en) -SubClassOf(:EventType :Concept) -SubClassOf(:EventType ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Event)) -DisjointClasses(:EventType :Parameter) -DisjointClasses(:EventType :Role) - -# Class: (Formal entity) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FormalEntity "Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. +For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event + Event + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType + A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in) + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType + Event type + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity + Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. Mathematical and logical entities are included in this class: sets, categories, tuples, costants, variables, etc. Abstract formal entities are distinguished from information objects, which are supposed to be part of a social context, and are localized in space and time, therefore being (social) objects. -For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract formal entity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is an InformationObject from the viewpoint of ontology design, when e.g. implemented in a logical language like OWL. +For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract formal entity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is an InformationObject from the viewpoint of ontology design, when e.g. implemented in a logical language like OWL. Abstract formal entities are also distinguished from Concept(s), Collection(s), and Description(s), which are part of a social context, therefore being SocialObject(s) as well. -For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract FormalEntity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is a Concept within history of science and cultural dynamics. - -These distinctions allow to represent two different notions of 'semantics': the first one is abstract and formal ('formal semantics'), and formallyInterprets symbols that are about entities whatsoever; for example, the term 'Quark' isAbout the Collection of all quarks, and that Collection isFormalGroundingFor the abstract class 'Quark' (in the extensional sense). -The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :FormalEntity ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FormalEntity "Formal entity"@en) -SubClassOf(:FormalEntity :Abstract) - -# Class: (Functional substance) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :FunctionalSubstance ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FunctionalSubstance "Functional substance"@en) -SubClassOf(:FunctionalSubstance :Substance) - -# Class: (Goal) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Goal "The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Goal ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Goal "Goal"@en) -SubClassOf(:Goal :Description) - -# Class: (Group) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Group "A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation .") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Group ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Group "Group"@en) -SubClassOf(:Group :CollectiveAgent) -SubClassOf(:Group ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Plan)) - -# Class: (Information Entity) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationEntity "A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. -In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationEntity ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationEntity "Information Entity"@en) -SubClassOf(:InformationEntity :Entity) - -# Class: (Information object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationObject "A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationObject "Information object"@en) -SubClassOf(:InformationObject :InformationEntity) -SubClassOf(:InformationObject :SocialObject) -DisjointClasses(:InformationObject :SocialAgent) - -# Class: (Information realization) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :InformationRealization "A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. - -The realization of an information object also realizes information about itself. This is a special semiotic feature, which allows to avoid a traditonal paradox, by which an information is often supposed to be about itself besides other entities (e.g. the information object 'carpe diem' is about its meaning in Horace's Odes (let alone its fortune in Western culture and beyond), but also about its expression in context: 'dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero', with the sound and emotional relations that it could activate. -This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :InformationRealization ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :InformationRealization "Information realization"@en) -SubClassOf(:InformationRealization :InformationEntity) -SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectUnionOf(:Event :PhysicalObject :Quality)) -SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:realizes :InformationObject)) -SubClassOf(:InformationRealization ObjectHasSelf(:realizesSelfInformation)) - -# Class: (Local concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :LocalConcept "A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :LocalConcept ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :LocalConcept "Local concept"@en) -SubClassOf(:LocalConcept :Concept) - -# Class: (Method) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Method "A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. -It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Method ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Method "Method"@en) -SubClassOf(:Method :Description) - -# Class: (Narrative) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Narrative ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Narrative "Narrative"@en) -SubClassOf(:Narrative :Description) - -# Class: (Natural person) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NaturalPerson "A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?'") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :NaturalPerson ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :NaturalPerson "Natural person"@en) -SubClassOf(:NaturalPerson :Person) -SubClassOf(:NaturalPerson :PhysicalAgent) - -# Class: (Norm) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Norm "A social norm.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Norm ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Norm "Norm"@en) -SubClassOf(:Norm :Description) - -# Class: (Object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Object "Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Object ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Object "Object"@en) -SubClassOf(:Object :Entity) -SubClassOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasLocation :Entity)) -SubClassOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isParticipantIn :Event)) -SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Object)) -SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Object)) -SubClassOf(:Object ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isClassifiedBy :Role)) -DisjointClasses(:Object :Quality) - -# Class: (Object aggregate) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ObjectAggregate "An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. -It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :ObjectAggregate ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ObjectAggregate "Object aggregate"@en) -SubClassOf(:ObjectAggregate ObjectIntersectionOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasPart ObjectIntersectionOf(:Object ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isMemberOf :Collection))))) - -# Class: (Organism) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Organism "A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Organism ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Organism "Organism"@en) -SubClassOf(:Organism :BiologicalObject) -SubClassOf(:Organism :PhysicalAgent) - -# Class: (Organization) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Organization "An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act."@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Organization ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Organization "Organization"@en) -SubClassOf(:Organization :SocialAgent) - -# Class: (Parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Parameter "A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Parameter ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Parameter "Parameter"@en) -SubClassOf(:Parameter :Concept) -SubClassOf(:Parameter ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Region)) -SubClassOf(:Parameter ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Parameter)) -DisjointClasses(:Parameter :Role) - -# Class: (Parthood) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Parthood "A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. -For example, if a Situation s 'finally, my bike has a luggage rack' isSettingFor the entity 'my bike' and the TimeIntervals 'now', or more specifically '29March2021', we need to have a time-index the part relation. With Parthood, we use includesWhole and includesPart properties. +For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract FormalEntity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is a Concept within history of science and cultural dynamics. + +These distinctions allow to represent two different notions of 'semantics': the first one is abstract and formal ('formal semantics'), and formallyInterprets symbols that are about entities whatsoever; for example, the term 'Quark' isAbout the Collection of all quarks, and that Collection isFormalGroundingFor the abstract class 'Quark' (in the extensional sense). +The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity + Formal entity + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FunctionalSubstance + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FunctionalSubstance + Functional substance + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal + The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal + Goal + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group + A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation . + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group + Group + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity + A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. +In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity + Information Entity + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject + A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject + Information object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization + A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. + +The realization of an information object also realizes information about itself. This is a special semiotic feature, which allows to avoid a traditonal paradox, by which an information is often supposed to be about itself besides other entities (e.g. the information object 'carpe diem' is about its meaning in Horace's Odes (let alone its fortune in Western culture and beyond), but also about its expression in context: 'dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero', with the sound and emotional relations that it could activate. +This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization + Information realization + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept + A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept + Local concept + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method + A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. +It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method + Method + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Narrative + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Narrative + Narrative + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson + A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?' + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson + Natural person + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm + A social norm. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm + Norm + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object + Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object + Object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate + An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. +It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate + Object aggregate + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism + A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism + Organism + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization + An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization + Organization + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter + A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter + Parameter + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood + A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. +For example, if a Situation s 'finally, my bike has a luggage rack' isSettingFor the entity 'my bike' and the TimeIntervals 'now', or more specifically '29March2021', we need to have a time-index the part relation. With Parthood, we use includesWhole and includesPart properties. This can be done similarly for other arguments of parthood, e.g. location, configuration, topology, etc. Concerning the possible property characteristics reused from mereology (transitivity, asymmetry, reflexivity), they need to be implemented by means of rules (or, in a limited way, property chains using the binary hasPart or hasProperPart properties). -A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Parthood ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Parthood "Parthood"@en) -SubClassOf(:Parthood :TimeIndexedRelation) -SubClassOf(:Parthood ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesPart :Entity)) -SubClassOf(:Parthood ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesWhole :Entity)) - -# Class: (Pattern) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Pattern "Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. +A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood + Parthood + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern + Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. E.g. patterns detected and abstracted by an organism, by pattern recognition algorithms, by machine learning techniques, etc. -An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Pattern ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Pattern "Pattern"@en) -SubClassOf(:Pattern :Relation) - -# Class: (Person) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Person "Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Person ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Person "Person"@en) -SubClassOf(:Person :Agent) - -# Class: (Personification) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Personification "A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Personification ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Personification "Personification"@en) -SubClassOf(:Personification :SocialAgent) - -# Class: (Physical agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalAgent "A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. -A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalAgent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalAgent "Physical agent"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalAgent :Agent) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalAgent :PhysicalObject) - -# Class: (Physical artifact) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalArtifact "Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . +An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern + Pattern + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person + Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person + Person + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification + A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification + Personification + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent + A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. +A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent + Physical agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact + Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . This axiomatization is weak, but allows to talk of artifacts in a very general sense, i.e. including recycled objects, objects with an intentional functional change, natural objects that are given a certain function, even though they are not modified or structurally designed, etc. PhysicalArtifact(s) are not considered disjoint from PhysicalBody(s), in order to allow a dual classification when needed. E.g., FunctionalSubstance(s) are included here as well. -Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalArtifact ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalArtifact "Physical artifact"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalArtifact :PhysicalObject) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalArtifact ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isDescribedBy :Plan)) - -# Class: (Physical attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalAttribute "Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalAttribute ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalAttribute "Physical attribute"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalAttribute :Region) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalAttribute ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isRegionFor :PhysicalObject)) -DisjointClasses(:PhysicalAttribute :SpaceRegion) -DisjointClasses(:PhysicalAttribute :TimeInterval) - -# Class: (Physical body) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalBody "Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalBody ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalBody "Physical body"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalBody :PhysicalObject) - -# Class: (Physical object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalObject "Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalObject "Physical object"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalObject :Object) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalObject ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :PhysicalObject)) -DisjointClasses(:PhysicalObject :SocialObject) - -# Class: (Physical place) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PhysicalPlace "A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PhysicalPlace ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PhysicalPlace "Physical place"@en) -SubClassOf(:PhysicalPlace :PhysicalObject) - -# Class: (Place) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Place "Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities (\"the area close to Rome\") or of pivot events or signs (\"the area where the helicopter fell\"), as well as identified as complements to other entities (\"the area under the table\"), etc. -In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Place ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Place "Place"@en) -SubClassOf(:Place :SocialObject) -SubClassOf(:Place ObjectMinCardinality(1 :isLocationOf)) - -# Class: (Plan) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Plan "A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Plan ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Plan "Plan"@en) -SubClassOf(:Plan :Description) -SubClassOf(:Plan ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasComponent :Goal)) - -# Class: (Plan execution) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PlanExecution "Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :PlanExecution ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PlanExecution "Plan execution"@en) -EquivalentClasses(:PlanExecution ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Plan)) -SubClassOf(:PlanExecution :Situation) - -# Class: (Process) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Process "This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. -See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Process ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Process "Process"@en) -SubClassOf(:Process :Event) - -# Class: (Project) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Project "A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Project ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Project "Project"@en) -SubClassOf(:Project :Plan) -SubClassOf(:Project ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesRole :Role)) -SubClassOf(:Project ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesTask :Task)) - -# Class: (Quality) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Quality "Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. +Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact + Physical artifact + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute + Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute + Physical attribute + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody + Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody + Physical body + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject + Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject + Physical object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace + A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace + Physical place + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place + Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities ("the area close to Rome") or of pivot events or signs ("the area where the helicopter fell"), as well as identified as complements to other entities ("the area under the table"), etc. +In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place + Place + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan + A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan + Plan + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution + Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution + Plan execution + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process + This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. +See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process + Process + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project + A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project + Project + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality + Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. From the design viewpoint, the Quality-Region distinction is useful only when individual aspects of an Entity are considered in a domain of discourse. For example, in an automotive context, it would be irrelevant to consider the aspects of car windows for a specific car, unless the factory wants to check a specific window against design parameters (anomaly detection). -On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Quality ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Quality "Quality"@en) -SubClassOf(:Quality :Entity) -SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasRegion :Region)) -SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isQualityOf :Entity)) -SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Quality)) -SubClassOf(:Quality ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Quality)) - -# Class: (Region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Region "Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. -Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Region ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Region "Region"@en) -SubClassOf(:Region :Abstract) -SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :Region)) -SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Region)) -SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:overlaps :Region)) -SubClassOf(:Region ObjectAllValuesFrom(:precedes :Region)) - -# Class: (Relation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Relation "Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). -For example, 'givingGrantToInstitution(x,y,z)' with three argument types: Provider(x),Grant(y),Recipient(z), can have a Relation counterpart: 'GivingGrantToInstitution', which defines three Concept instances: Provider,Grant,Recipient. -Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Relation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Relation "Relation"@en) -SubClassOf(:Relation :Description) - -# Class: (Right) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Right "A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Right ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Right "Right"@en) -SubClassOf(:Right :Description) -SubClassOf(:Right ObjectMinCardinality(2 :definesRole)) -SubClassOf(:Right ObjectMinCardinality(1 :definesTask)) - -# Class: (Role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Role "A Concept that classifies an Object") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Role ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Role "Role"@en) -SubClassOf(:Role :Concept) -SubClassOf(:Role ObjectAllValuesFrom(:classifies :Object)) -SubClassOf(:Role ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Role)) - -# Class: (Set) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Set ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Set "Set"@en) -SubClassOf(:Set :FormalEntity) - -# Class: (Situation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Situation "A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. -It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). +On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality + Quality + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region + Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. +Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region + Region + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation + Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). +For example, 'givingGrantToInstitution(x,y,z)' with three argument types: Provider(x),Grant(y),Recipient(z), can have a Relation counterpart: 'GivingGrantToInstitution', which defines three Concept instances: Provider,Grant,Recipient. +Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation + Relation + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right + A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right + Right + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role + A Concept that classifies an Object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role + Role + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Set + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Set + Set + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation + A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. +It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). For example, a PlanExecution is a context including some actions executed by agents according to certain parameters and expected tasks to be achieved from a Plan; a DiagnosedSituation is a context of observed entities that is interpreted on the basis of a Diagnosis, etc. Situation is also able to represent reified n-ary relations, where isSettingFor is the top-level relation for all binary projections of the n-ary relation. -If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Situation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Situation "Situation"@en) -SubClassOf(:Situation :Entity) -SubClassOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Description)) - -# Class: (Social agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialAgent "Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialAgent ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialAgent "Social agent"@en) -SubClassOf(:SocialAgent :Agent) -SubClassOf(:SocialAgent :SocialObject) -SubClassOf(:SocialAgent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:actsThrough :PhysicalAgent)) - -# Class: (Social object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialObject "Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. +If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation + Situation + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent + Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent + Social agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject + Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. In other words, all objects that have been or are created in the process of social communication: for the sake of communication (InformationObject), for incorporating new individuals (SocialAgent, Place), for contextualizing or intepreting existing entities (Description, Concept), or for collecting existing entities (Collection). -Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialObject ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialObject "Social object"@en) -SubClassOf(:SocialObject :Object) -SubClassOf(:SocialObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isExpressedBy :InformationObject)) -SubClassOf(:SocialObject ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :SocialObject)) - -# Class: (Social attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialObjectAttribute "Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialObjectAttribute ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialObjectAttribute "Social attribute"@en) -SubClassOf(:SocialObjectAttribute :Region) -SubClassOf(:SocialObjectAttribute ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isRegionFor :SocialObject)) - -# Class: (Social person) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialPerson "A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialPerson ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialPerson "Social person"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(owl:versionInfo :SocialPerson "Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition)") -SubClassOf(:SocialPerson :Person) -SubClassOf(:SocialPerson :SocialAgent) -SubClassOf(:SocialPerson ObjectExactCardinality(1 :actsThrough)) - -# Class: (Social relation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SocialRelation "Any social relationship") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SocialRelation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SocialRelation "Social relation"@en) -SubClassOf(:SocialRelation :Relation) - -# Class: (Space region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SpaceRegion "Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SpaceRegion ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SpaceRegion "Space region"@en) -SubClassOf(:SpaceRegion :Region) -DisjointClasses(:SpaceRegion :TimeInterval) - -# Class: (Spatio-temporal region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :SpatioTemporalRegion ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :SpatioTemporalRegion "Spatio-temporal region"@en) -SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion :Region) -SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :SpaceRegion)) -SubClassOf(:SpatioTemporalRegion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasConstituent :TimeInterval)) - -# Class: (Substance) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Substance "Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. -In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Substance ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Substance "Substance"@en) -SubClassOf(:Substance :PhysicalBody) - -# Class: (Task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Task "An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. +Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject + Social object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute + Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute + Social attribute + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson + A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson + Social person + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson + Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition) + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation + Any social relationship + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation + Social relation + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion + Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion + Space region + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpatioTemporalRegion + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpatioTemporalRegion + Spatio-temporal region + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance + Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. +In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance + Substance + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task + An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. For example, reaching a destination is a task that can be executed by performing certain actions, e.g. driving a car, buying a train ticket, etc. The actions to execute a task can also be organized according to a Plan that is not the same as the one that defines the task (if any). -For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Task ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Task "Task"@en) -SubClassOf(:Task :EventType) -SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:hasPart :Task)) -SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isExecutedIn :Action)) -SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isTaskDefinedIn :Description)) -SubClassOf(:Task ObjectAllValuesFrom(:isTaskOf :Role)) - -# Class: (Theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Theory "A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. -This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Theory ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Theory "Theory"@en) -SubClassOf(:Theory :Description) -SubClassOf(:Theory ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:hasComponent :Relation)) - -# Class: (Time-indexed relation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TimeIndexedRelation "A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TimeIndexedRelation ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TimeIndexedRelation "Time-indexed relation"@en) -EquivalentClasses(:TimeIndexedRelation ObjectIntersectionOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :TimeInterval))) -SubClassOf(:TimeIndexedRelation :Situation) - -# Class: (Time interval) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TimeInterval "Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TimeInterval ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TimeInterval "Time interval"@en) -SubClassOf(:TimeInterval :Region) +For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task + Task + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory + A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. +This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory + Theory + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation + A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation + Time-indexed relation + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval + Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval + Time interval + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition + A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. +This class of situations partly encodes the ontology underlying typical engineering algebras for processes, e.g. Petri Nets. +A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition + Transition + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection + A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. "the gem stones", "the Italians". +This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called "ClassesAsValues" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection + Type collection + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure + Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure + Unit of measure + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow + A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow + Workflow + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#WorkflowExecution + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#WorkflowExecution + Workflow execution + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor + The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor + acts for + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough + The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough + acts through + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith + A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. +It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith + associated with + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes + characterizes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies + A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies + classifies + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes + A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. +Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes + conceptualizes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses + A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses + concretely expresses + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith + A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith + co-participates with + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers + covers + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines + A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines + defines + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole + A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole + defines role + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask + A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask + defines task + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes + The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes + describes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows + The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows + directly follows + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes + The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes + directly precedes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask + A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask + executes task + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands + A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands + expands + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses + A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses + This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. +For example, in all these cases, some aspect of meaning is involved: -# Class: (Transition) +- Beehive means "a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box." (Oxford dictionary) +- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 "beehive|hive" (WordNet) +- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' +- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' +- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' +- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' +- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' +- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' +- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' +- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) + +As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. +However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. +We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. + +In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). +Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. +Still another approach is that of psychologists and cognitive scientists, which often assume that the meaning of an information object is a concept encoded in the mind or cognitive system of an agent. +A radically different approach is taken by social scientists and semioticians, who usually assume that meanings of an information object are spread across the communication practices in which members of a community use that object. +Another approach that tackles the distributed nature of meaning is assumed by geometrical models of semantics, which assume that the meaning of an InformationObject (e.g. a word) results from the set of informational contexts (e.g. within texts) in which that object is used similarly. +The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. +Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Transition "A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. -This class of situations partly encodes the ontology underlying typical engineering algebras for processes, e.g. Petri Nets. -A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Transition ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Transition "Transition"@en) -SubClassOf(:Transition :Situation) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesEvent :Event)) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:includesObject :Object)) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor :Process)) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:isSettingFor ObjectIntersectionOf(:Situation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:precedes ObjectIntersectionOf(:Event ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:precedes :Situation)))))) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectMinCardinality(3 :includesTime :TimeInterval)) -SubClassOf(:Transition ObjectMinCardinality(2 :isSettingFor :Situation)) +These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): -# Class: (Type collection) +(1) Informal meaning (as for linguistic or commonsense semantics: a distinction is assumed between (informal) meaning and reference; see isAbout for an alternative pattern on reference) + - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' + - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept + - Relational meaning (as for frame semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Description + - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) + - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) + - Distributional meaning (as for geometrical models of meaning). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isFormallyRepresentedIn some (geometrical) Region (e.g. a vector space) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TypeCollection "A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. \"the gem stones\", \"the Italians\". -This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called \"ClassesAsValues\" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :TypeCollection ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :TypeCollection "Type collection"@en) -SubClassOf(:TypeCollection :Collection) +(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) + - Object-level formal meaning (as in the traditional first-order logic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor (in most cases) a Set; isGroundingFor is defined in the ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/IOLite.owl + - Modal formal meaning (as in possible-world semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a Set, and which isPartOf some different instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a PossibleWorld -# Class: (Unit of measure) +This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses + expresses + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept + A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept + expresses concept + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom + Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom + far from + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. +It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows + follows + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary + A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary + has common boundary + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent + The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent + ha componente + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent + has component + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent + 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. +A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. +Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent + has constituent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint + A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint + has constraint + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue + A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. +There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :UnitOfMeasure "Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :UnitOfMeasure ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :UnitOfMeasure "Unit of measure"@en) -SubClassOf(:UnitOfMeasure :Parameter) -SubClassOf(:UnitOfMeasure ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:parametrizes :Region)) +1) Directly assert an xsd:_ value to an Entity by using hasDataValue +2) Assert a Region for an Entity by using hasRegion, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue +3) Assert a Quality for an Entity by using hasQuality, then assert a Region for that Quality, and assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue +4) When the value is required, but not directly observed, assert a Parameter for an xsd:_ value by using hasParameterDataValue, and then associate the Parameter to an Entity by using isConstraintFor +5) When the value is required, but not directly observed, you can also assert a Parameter for a Region by using parametrizes, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue -# Class: (Workflow) +The five approaches obey different requirements. +For example, a simple value can be easily asserted by using pattern (1), but if one needs to assert an interval between two values, a Region should be introduced to materialize that interval, as pattern (2) suggests. +Furthermore, if one needs to distinguish the individual Quality of a value, e.g. the particular nature of the density of a substance, pattern (3) can be used. +Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue + has data value + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate + A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate + has event date + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate + A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate + has interval date + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation + A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation + has location + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember + A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember + has member + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter + A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter + has parameter + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue + Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. +More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. +Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue + has parameter data value + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart + A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Workflow "A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :Workflow ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :Workflow "Workflow"@en) -SubClassOf(:Workflow :Plan) -SubClassOf(:Workflow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesRole :Role)) -SubClassOf(:Workflow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:definesTask :Task)) +Parthood should assume the basic properties of mereology: transitivity, antisymmetry, and reflexivity (propert Parthood of course misses reflexivity). +However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to adopt one of two patterns: +1) dropping asymmetry axioms, while granting reflexivity: this means that symmetry is not enforced, but permitted for the case of reflexivity. Of course, in this way we cannot prevent symmetric usages of hasPart; +2) dropping the reflexivity axiom, and enforce asymmetry: in this case, we would prevent all symmetric usages, but we loose the possibility of enforcing reflexivity, which is commonsensical in parthood. +In DUL, we adopt pattern #1 for partOf, and pattern #2 for properPartOf, which seems a good approximation: due to the lack of inheritance of property characteristics, each asymmetric hasPropertPart assertion would also be a reflexive hasPart assertion (reflexive reduction design pattern). -# Class: (Workflow execution) +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart + has part + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant + A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant + has participant + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition + Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition + has postcondition + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition + Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition + has precondition + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart + Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart + has proper part + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality + A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality + has quality + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion + A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion + has region + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue + A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue + has region data value + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole + A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole + has role + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting + A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting + has setting + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask + A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask + has task + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval + The generic relation between events and time intervals. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval + has time interval + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction + A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction + includes action + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent + A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent + includes agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent + A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent + includes event + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject + A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject + includes object + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesPart + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesPart + includes part + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime + A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime + includes time + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesWhole + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesWhole + includes whole + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces + A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces + introduces + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent + Agent participation. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent + involves agent + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout + A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. +A specific sentence may use common nouns with either a singular or plural reference, or it can even refer to all possible references (e.g. in a lexicographic definition): all those uses are kinds of aboutness. -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:isDefinedBy :WorkflowExecution ) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :WorkflowExecution "Workflow execution"@en) -EquivalentClasses(:WorkflowExecution ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:satisfies :Workflow)) -SubClassOf(:WorkflowExecution :Situation) +The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). +If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout + is about + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isActionIncludedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isActionIncludedIn + is action included in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentIncludedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentIncludedIn + is agent included in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn + Agent participation. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn + is agent involved in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCharacterizedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCharacterizedBy + is characterized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy + A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy + is classified by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf + The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf + is component of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy + A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy + is concept expressed by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn + A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn + is concept used in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy + A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy + is conceptualized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy + A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy + is concretely expressed by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf + 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. +A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. +Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf + is constituent of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor + A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor + is constraint for + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy + is covered by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn + A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn + is defined in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy + The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy + is described by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isEventIncludedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isEventIncludedIn + is event included in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn + A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn + is executed in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn + A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn + is expanded in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy + A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). +For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy + is expressed by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy + A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy + is introduced by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf + A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf + is location of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf + A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf + is member of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObjectIncludedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObjectIncludedIn + is object included in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt + A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt + is observable at + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor + A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor + is parameter for + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy + The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy + is parametrized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf + A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf + is part of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn + A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn + is participant in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf + Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf + is postcondition of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf + Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf + is precondition of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf + is propert part of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf + A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf + is quality of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy + A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy + is realized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf + A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . +The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf + is reference of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy + The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy + is reference of information realized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor + A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor + is region for + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept + Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept + is related to concept + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription + Any relation between descriptions. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription + is related to description + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn + A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn + is role defined in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf + A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf + is role of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy + A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy + is satisfied by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor + A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor + is setting for + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy + A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. +E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy + is specialized by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo + Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo + is subordinated to + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo + Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo + is superordinated to + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn + A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn + is task defined in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf + A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf + is task of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIncludedIn + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIncludedIn + is time included in + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf + The generic relation between time intervals and events. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf + is time interval of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf + A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf + is time of observation of + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy + A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy + is unified by + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo + Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo + near to + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps + A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps + overlaps + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes + The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. +For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes + parametrizes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. +It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. +Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes + precedes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes + A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes + realizes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout + The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout + realizes information about + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation + This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation + realizes self-information + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs + A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom). + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs + is in the same setting as + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies + A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies + satisfies + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes + A partial order relation that holds between social objects. +It mainly represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept or Description and another Concept (resp. Description) that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrower in intensional interpretation. For example, the role PhDStudent specializes the role Student. +Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes + specializes + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies + A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies + unifies + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept + A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept + uses concept + + + + + + -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:hasSetting :isSettingFor) :sameSettingAs) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:isParticipantIn :hasParticipant) :coparticipatesWith) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(:realizes :isAbout) :realizesInformationAbout) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(ObjectInverseOf(:includesWhole) :includesPart) :hasPart) -HasKey(:Parthood (:includesPart :includesWhole) ()) -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index c3acd21a..273b385d 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -1,483 +1,1546 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AbductiveReasoning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Actuating)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AreaSurveying)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Arranging)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Assembling)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssumingArmPose)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssumingPose)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Avoiding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Catching)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Closing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationAction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationReport)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommunicationTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Constructing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cutting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeductiveReasoning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Delivering)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dicing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Distancing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dreaming)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dropping)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fetching)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:GetTaskParameter)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:GraspTransfer)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Grasping)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Holding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Imagining)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:InductiveReasoning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lifting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LookingAt)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LookingFor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lowering)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Manipulating)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MentalAction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MentalTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Mixing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MonitoringJointState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovingTo)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Navigating)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Opening)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Orienting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ParkingArms)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Perceiving)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PickingUp)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Placing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Planning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Positioning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Prediction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Proprioceiving)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Prospecting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pulling)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pushing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PushingAway)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PushingDown)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PuttingDown)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reaching)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reasoning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Releasing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Remembering)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Retracting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Retrospecting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SelectingItem)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SettingGripper)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Simulating)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SituationTransition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Slicing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Squeezing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloud)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Throwing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Transporting)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasAction)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasExecutionState)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPerformedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Active)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded)) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (has action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasAction "A relation from an Action to a component Action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasAction "has action") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasAction ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasAction ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasAction ) - -# Object Property: (has execution state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasExecutionState "A relation from an Action to its execution state.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasExecutionState "has execution state") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasExecutionState ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasExecutionState ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasExecutionState SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialSituation "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInitialSituation SOMA:isInitialSituationOf) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialSituation) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialSituation SOMA:SituationTransition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalSituation "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation SOMA:SituationTransition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInitialSituationOf "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInitialSituationOf SOMA:SituationTransition) - -# Object Property: (is performed by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPerformedBy "A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPerformedBy "is performed by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPerformedBy ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf "A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTerminalSituationOf SOMA:SituationTransition) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations.") -SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:hasTerminalSituation) -SubObjectPropertyOf( ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest.") -SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:hasInitialSituation) -SubObjectPropertyOf( ) - -# Object Property: (manifests in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "manifests in") -SubObjectPropertyOf( ) - -# Object Property: (prevented by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "prevented by") -SubObjectPropertyOf( ) -InverseObjectProperties( ) -ObjectPropertyDomain( ) -ObjectPropertyRange( ) - -# Object Property: (prevents) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "prevents") -SubObjectPropertyOf( ) -ObjectPropertyDomain( ) -ObjectPropertyRange( ) - -# Object Property: (has postcondition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue.") - -# Object Property: (has precondition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible.") - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AbductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AbductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Actuating "Tasks where the goal is to move an object. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-PROC.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest. + + + + + + + + + + + If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not). + + + + + + + + + + + If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AbductiveReasoning + A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating + Tasks where the goal is to move an object. Usually, an agent will use their prehensile effectors, ie. hands, for this purpose, so there is a lot of conceptual overlap between Actuating and Manipulating. However, these categories are nonetheless distinguished in that there are more ways to actuate objects than simply manipulating them; for example, some tool like a net or frying pan might be used to catch an object. -Another way to look at the difference between Actuating and Manipulating is in what they \"profile\", ie. focus on as important. - -For Actuating, it is the object's motion that is paramount. - -For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Actuating "todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Actuating SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AreaSurveying "A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AreaSurveying SOMA:Perceiving) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Arranging "A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Arranging SOMA:Constructing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Assembling "A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Assembling SOMA:Constructing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssumingArmPose "A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AssumingArmPose SOMA:AssumingPose) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssumingPose "A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AssumingPose SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Avoiding "A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Avoiding SOMA:Navigating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Catching "A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Catching SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Catching SOMA:PickingUp) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence "A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CheckingObjectPresence SOMA:Perceiving) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Closing "A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Delivering) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Fetching) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Lifting) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Opening) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Pulling) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Closing SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: (Communication action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationAction "An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommunicationAction "Communication action") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationReport "A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationReport SOMA:CommunicationTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationTask "A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. - -Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( )))) - -# Class: (Communication topic) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommunicationTopic "A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. +Another way to look at the difference between Actuating and Manipulating is in what they "profile", ie. focus on as important. + +For Actuating, it is the object's motion that is paramount. + +For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating + todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying + A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging + A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling + A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssumingArmPose + A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssumingPose + A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Avoiding + A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching + A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CheckingObjectPresence + A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing + A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationAction + An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationAction + Communication action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationReport + A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTask + A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. + +Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTopic + A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. CommunicationTopic can only classify a Social object that participates in an Action that is classified as (the execution of) a CommunicationTask. -Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. - -For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommunicationTopic "Communication topic"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTopic SOMA:ResourceRole) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommunicationTopic ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CommunicationTask))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Constructing "A task in which an Agent creates a new object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Constructing SOMA:PhysicalTask) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Constructing SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cutting "The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cutting SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. - -Deduction is often explained as starting from the \"general\" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the \"specific\" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y).") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Delivering "A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Fetching) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Lifting) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Opening) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Pulling) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Delivering SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dicing "A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. \"Dice\", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dicing SOMA:Cutting) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Distancing "A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Distancing SOMA:Navigating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dreaming "Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dreaming SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dropping "The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. - -'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects \"slips\" away.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dropping SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Dropping SOMA:Placing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: (Execution state region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion "A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion "Execution state region") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion ObjectOneOf(SOMA:ExecutionState_Active SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fetching "A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Lifting) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Opening) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Pulling) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Fetching SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GetTaskParameter "A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:GetTaskParameter SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GraspTransfer "A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:GraspTransfer SOMA:Grasping) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Grasping "A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Grasping SOMA:Manipulating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Grasping SOMA:Releasing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Holding "A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Holding SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Imagining "A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Imagining SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InductiveReasoning "A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. - -Induction is often described as a move from many \"specifics\" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the \"general\" (all swans are white).") -SubClassOf(SOMA:InductiveReasoning SOMA:Reasoning) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lifting "todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table'") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Opening) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Pulling) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Lifting SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LookingAt "better: Gazing") -SubClassOf(SOMA:LookingAt SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LookingFor "A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:LookingFor SOMA:Perceiving) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lowering "A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Lowering SOMA:Actuating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Manipulating "Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. +Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. + +For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTopic + Communication topic + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing + A task in which an Agent creates a new object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting + The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeductiveReasoning + A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. + +Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the "specific" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Delivering + A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing + A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. "Dice", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing + A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dreaming + Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping + The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. + +'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects "slips" away. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning + A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionStateRegion + A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionStateRegion + Execution state region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Active + The execution state of an ongoing activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Cancelled + The execution state of a cancelled activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Failed + The execution state of a failed activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Paused + The execution state of a paused activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Pending + The execution state of a pending activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Succeeded + The execution state of a succeeded activity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Fetching + A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GetTaskParameter + A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer + A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping + A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding + A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Imagining + A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InductiveReasoning + A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. + +Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the "general" (all swans are white). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting + todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table' + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingAt + better: Gazing + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor + A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering + A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating + Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. Spatial relations refer to positioning the hands in certain ways relative to the manipulated object, for example nearing or distancing them, or aligning them with some relevant axis. @@ -485,377 +1548,450 @@ Functional relations here refer to interactions between the hands and manipulate Note that manipulation tasks are usually performed with the intention of moving an object in some way, so there is a large conceptual overlap between Manipulating and Actuating. -However these concepts are nonetheless distinguished in what they \"profile\", ie. what they focus on as particularly important. +However these concepts are nonetheless distinguished in what they "profile", ie. what they focus on as particularly important. Actuating profiles the movement of the object itself. Manipulating profiles the movement of the hands and the functional relations, such as kinematic control, they establish with the manipulated object. -Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Manipulating SOMA:PhysicalTask) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Manipulating ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:PhysicalAction)) - -# Class: (Mental action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MentalAction "An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. - -One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MentalAction "Mental action") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalAction ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalAction ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MentalTask "A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalTask ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MentalTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:MentalAction)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Mixing "A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Mixing SOMA:Constructing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MonitoringJointState "A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MonitoringJointState SOMA:Proprioceiving) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovingTo "A task in which an Agent moves towards a location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MovingTo SOMA:Navigating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Navigating "A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Navigating SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Opening "A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Pulling) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Opening SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Orienting "A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Orienting SOMA:Positioning) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ParkingArms "A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ParkingArms SOMA:AssumingArmPose) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Perceiving "A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Perceiving SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. +Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalAction + An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. + +One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalAction + Mental action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalTask + A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic + A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic + A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic + A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic + A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing + A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject + Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MonitoringJointState + A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingTo + A task in which an Agent moves towards a location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Navigating + A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening + A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting + A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ParkingArms + A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving + A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring + The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. The prototypical example of PhysicalAcquiring is picking up an object. -Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - -# Class: (Physical action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAction "An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalAction "Physical action") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAction ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalTask "A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalTask ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectUnionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PickingUp "A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PickingUp SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Placing "Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz).") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Placing SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Planning "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Planning SOMA:Prospecting) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Planning ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Positioning "A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Positioning SOMA:Actuating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Prediction "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Prediction SOMA:Prospecting) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Proprioceiving "A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Proprioceiving SOMA:PhysicalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Prospecting "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Prospecting SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pulling "A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pulling SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pushing "A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then?") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pushing SOMA:Actuating) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Pushing SOMA:Squeezing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PushingAway "A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PushingAway SOMA:Pushing) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:PushingAway SOMA:PushingDown) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PushingDown "A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PushingDown SOMA:Pushing) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PuttingDown "A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PuttingDown SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reaching "A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Reaching SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Reaching SOMA:Retracting) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reasoning "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reasoning "todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. +Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction + An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction + Physical action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalTask + A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp + A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Placing + Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Planning + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning + A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Prediction + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Proprioceiving + A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Prospecting + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pulling + A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing + A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then? + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway + A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown + A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown + A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching + A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reasoning + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reasoning + todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. Both Abductive and Inductive inference may, and often do, use Probabilistic methods. Probabilistic inference is, by its nature, most opposed to Deductive inference which, classically, requires logical certainty. Any of the Abductive/Deductive/Inductive triad can be further affected by the Monotone/Non-monotone distinction. There are preferences (Inductive and Abductive reasoning is probably most often non-monotonic; most of Deductive reasoning is probably done in monotonic formalisms), but it is certainly the case that, e.g., non-monotone Deduction is possible. -Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Reasoning SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Releasing "A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Releasing SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Remembering "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Remembering SOMA:Retrospecting) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retracting "A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Retracting SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retrospecting "A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Retrospecting "Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. - -As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Retrospecting SOMA:MentalTask) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SelectingItem "A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectingItem SOMA:GetTaskParameter) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectingItem ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SelectedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( )))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SettingGripper "A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SettingGripper SOMA:AssumingPose) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Simulating "A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. - -Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation (\"what would happen if--?\") is possible.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Simulating SOMA:Prospecting) - -# Class: (Situation transition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SituationTransition "A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SituationTransition "Situation transition"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Slicing "A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Slicing SOMA:Cutting) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Squeezing "A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Squeezing SOMA:Actuating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloud "A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloud SOMA:CommunicationReport) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic) - -# Class: (Think aloud topic) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic "A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic "Think aloud topic"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ThinkAloudTopic SOMA:CommunicationTopic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Throwing "A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Throwing SOMA:Actuating) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Throwing SOMA:Manipulating) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Transporting "A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Transporting SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject) - -# Class: (Nonmanifested situation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A Situation which does not manifest in any event. +Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing + A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Remembering + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting + A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retrospecting + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retrospecting + Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. + +As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectingItem + A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SettingGripper + A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Simulating + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. + +Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation ("what would happen if--?") is possible. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SituationTransition + A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SituationTransition + Situation transition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing + A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing + A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloud + A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic + A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic + A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic + A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic + A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic + A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic + A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic + A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic + A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudTopic + A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudTopic + Think aloud topic + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing + A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting + A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAction + A relation from an Action to a component Action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAction + has action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasExecutionState + A relation from an Action to its execution state. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasExecutionState + has execution state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasInitialSituation + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTerminalSituation + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInitialSituationOf + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPerformedBy + A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPerformedBy + is performed by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTerminalSituationOf + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/NonmanifestedSituation + A Situation which does not manifest in any event. The main use case for this is to represent expectations that are not met, e.g. unfulfilled post-conditions of an action. An action with unmet postconditions is then a failure. -Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no \"manifests in\" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. - -As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "Nonmanifested situation"@en) -EquivalentClasses( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectExactCardinality(0 ))) -SubClassOf( ) - - -############################ -# Named Individuals -############################ - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Active "The execution state of an ongoing activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Active) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled "The execution state of a cancelled activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Cancelled) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed "The execution state of a failed activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Failed) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused "The execution state of a paused activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Paused) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending "The execution state of a pending activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Pending) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded "The execution state of a succeeded activity.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:ExecutionStateRegion SOMA:ExecutionState_Succeeded) +Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no "manifests in" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. + +As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/NonmanifestedSituation + Nonmanifested situation + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/hasExpectedTerminalSituation + A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/hasRequiredInitialSituation + A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/manifestsIn + A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/manifestsIn + manifests in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/preventedBy + A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/preventedBy + prevented by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/prevents + A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/prevents + prevents + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition + This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition + This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible. + + + + + + -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one.") ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) ObjectIntersectionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ))) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?)") ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SituationTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event.") ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) owl:Nothing) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest.") ObjectIntersectionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) owl:Nothing) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) owl:Nothing) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not).") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) owl:Nothing) -SubClassOf(Annotation(rdfs:comment "If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation.") ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalSituation ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl index c3aa53d6..ee2f339c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl @@ -1,22 +1,29 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-IO.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-NEEM.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-PROC.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-SAY.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-WF.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + -Ontology( -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() -) \ No newline at end of file + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl index cde74214..6e2a2a57 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl @@ -1,66 +1,93 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:after)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:before)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:contains)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:during)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:starts)) -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:after) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:after) - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:before) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:before) - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:contains) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:contains) - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:during) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:during) - -# Object Property: (finished by) - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) - -# Object Property: (started by) - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) - -# Object Property: () - -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) - - -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl index 64266001..ec3f19bd 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl @@ -1,222 +1,793 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #PrepareForBreakfast + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. + + + + #PrepareForDinner + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. + + + + #PrepareForLunch + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. + + + + #PrepareForMeal + A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. + +The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. + + + + #SettingTheTable + The task to prepare a table for a meal. + + + + #expectedNumberOfPeople + Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate. + + + + #formalityLevel + Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + +The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating + move-object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating + Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching + move-body-walk-to + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching + walk (to a location, or in a direction) + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying + perception-survey-area + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying + Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging + construction-arrange-objects + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging + A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling + construction-assembly + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling + A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement + move-body-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement + The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching + move-object-catch + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching + Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing + move-object-close + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing + Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing + construction-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing + Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting + object-modification-cutting + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting + A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing + object-modification-dicing + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing + A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing + move-body-walk-backaway + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing + walk (away from a location, in a direction) + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping + move-object-drop + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping + Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ELANName + If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ELANUsageGuideline + Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning + manipulation-hand-positioning + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning + Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer + move-hand-grasp-transfer + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer + have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping + manipulation-grasp + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping + Agent grasps an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement + move-head + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement + Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning + move-head-turn + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning + Turn head (e.g. for visual search). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding + move-object-hold + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding + Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning + move-body-lean + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning + move, bending, with torso in a specific direction + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting + move-object-lift + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting + Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion + move-body-locomotion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion + Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor + perception-search-for-object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor + The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering + move-object-lower + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering + The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating + manipulation-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating + These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic + ta-meta-cognition-evaluation + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic + an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic + ta-meta-cognition-memory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic + an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic + ta-meta-cognition-planning + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic + an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic + ta-meta-cognition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic + Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing + construction-mixing + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing + A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject + object-modification-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject + Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway + move-body-walk-backaway + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway + walk (away from a location, in a direction) + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening + move-object-open + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening + Move an object so as to expose an interior surface. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting + move-object-orient + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting + Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving + perception-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving + Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring + physically-acquire-object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring + Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction + Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp + move-object-pick-up + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp + Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning + move-object-positioning + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning + Move an object so that it has a particular pose. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving + move-body-posture + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving + Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing + move-object-push + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing + Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway + move-object-push-away + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway + Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown + move-object-push-down + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown + Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown + manipulation-put-down + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown + Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching + move-hand+arm-reach + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching + Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing + manipulation-release + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing + Agent releases grasp on an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting + move-hand+arm-retract + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting + Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing + object-modification-slicing + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing + A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing + move-object-squeeze + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing + Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing + move-body-stand + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing + stand (at a location) + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic + ta-actions + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic + an agent describes what they are currently doing + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic + ta-knowledge-general + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic + an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic + ta-knowledge + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic + Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic + ta-issues + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic + an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic + ta-opinions + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic + an agent makes a statement of opinion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic + ta-perception + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic + an agent describes what they perceive + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic + ta-plans + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic + an agent describes their current plan + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic + ta-knowledge-scene + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic + an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier) + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing + move-object-throw + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing + Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting + transport-object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting + A task that requires chaging the location of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning + move-body-turn + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning + move own body, turn + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(DataProperty()) -Declaration(DataProperty()) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:ELANName)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:UsageGuideline)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:nickname)) -############################ -# Annotation Properties -############################ - -# Annotation Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ELANName "If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry.") -SubAnnotationPropertyOf(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:nickname) - -# Annotation Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline "Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN.") -SubAnnotationPropertyOf(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:UsageGuideline) - - - -############################ -# Data Properties -############################ - -# Data Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate.") -SubDataPropertyOf( ) -DataPropertyDomain( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) -DataPropertyRange( xsd:integer) - -# Data Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. - -The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes.") -SubDataPropertyOf( ) -DataPropertyDomain( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) -DataPropertyRange( xsd:string) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast.") -SubClassOf( ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner.") -SubClassOf( ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch.") -SubClassOf( ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. - -The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality.") -SubClassOf( ) -SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom( xsd:integer)) -SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom( xsd:boolean)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "The task to prepare a table for a meal.") -SubClassOf( SOMA:Arranging) -SubClassOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Arranging "construction-arrange-objects") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Arranging "A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way.") - - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Actuating "move-object") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Actuating "Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Approaching "move-body-walk-to") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Approaching "walk (to a location, or in a direction)") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:AreaSurveying "perception-survey-area") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:AreaSurveying "Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Assembling "construction-assembly") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Assembling "A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:BodyMovement "move-body-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:BodyMovement "The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Catching "move-object-catch") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Catching "Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Closing "move-object-close") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Closing "Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Constructing "construction-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Constructing "Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Cutting "object-modification-cutting") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Cutting "A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Dicing "object-modification-dicing") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Dicing "A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Distancing "move-body-walk-backaway") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Distancing "walk (away from a location, in a direction)") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Dropping "move-object-drop") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Dropping "Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "manipulation-hand-positioning") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:EndEffectorPositioning "Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:GraspTransfer "move-hand-grasp-transfer") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:GraspTransfer "have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Grasping "manipulation-grasp") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Grasping "Agent grasps an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:HeadMovement "move-head") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:HeadMovement "Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:HeadTurning "move-head-turn") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:HeadTurning "Turn head (e.g. for visual search).") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Holding "move-object-hold") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Holding "Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Leaning "move-body-lean") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Leaning "move, bending, with torso in a specific direction") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Lifting "move-object-lift") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Lifting "Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Locomotion "move-body-locomotion") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Locomotion "Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:LookingFor "perception-search-for-object") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:LookingFor "The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Lowering "move-object-lower") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Lowering "The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Manipulating "manipulation-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Manipulating "These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands).") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "ta-meta-cognition-evaluation") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic "an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "ta-meta-cognition-memory") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionMemoryTopic "an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "ta-meta-cognition-planning") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionPlanningTopic "an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "ta-meta-cognition") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MetaCognitionTopic "Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Mixing "construction-mixing") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Mixing "A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "object-modification-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ModifyingPhysicalObject "Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:MovingAway "move-body-walk-backaway") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:MovingAway "walk (away from a location, in a direction)") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Opening "move-object-open") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Opening "Move an object so as to expose an interior surface.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Orienting "move-object-orient") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Orienting "Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Perceiving "perception-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Perceiving "Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "physically-acquire-object") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PhysicalAcquiring "Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PhysicalAction "Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PickingUp "move-object-pick-up") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PickingUp "Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Positioning "move-object-positioning") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Positioning "Move an object so that it has a particular pose.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PosturalMoving "move-body-posture") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PosturalMoving "Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Pushing "move-object-push") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Pushing "Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PushingAway "move-object-push-away") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PushingAway "Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PushingDown "move-object-push-down") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PushingDown "Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up).") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:PuttingDown "manipulation-put-down") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:PuttingDown "Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Reaching "move-hand+arm-reach") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Reaching "Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Releasing "manipulation-release") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Releasing "Agent releases grasp on an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Retracting "move-hand+arm-retract") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Retracting "Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Slicing "object-modification-slicing") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Slicing "A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Squeezing "move-object-squeeze") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Squeezing "Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Standing "move-body-stand") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Standing "stand (at a location)") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "ta-actions") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudActionTopic "an agent describes what they are currently doing") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge-general") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic "an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic "Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "ta-issues") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudObstructionTopic "an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "ta-opinions") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudOpinionTopic "an agent makes a statement of opinion") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "ta-perception") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic "an agent describes what they perceive") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "ta-plans") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudPlanTopic "an agent describes their current plan") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "ta-knowledge-scene") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic "an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier)") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Throwing "move-object-throw") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Throwing "Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Transporting "transport-object") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Transporting "A task that requires chaging the location of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANName SOMA:Turning "move-body-turn") -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:ELANUsageGuideline SOMA:Turning "move own body, turn") -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl index b4992644..94351b9c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl @@ -1,521 +1,1123 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #Box + A cuboid-shaped container. + + + + #BreadKnife + A knife to cut bread. + + + + #BreakfastPlate + A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast. + + + + #Carafe + A container used to hold and pour some beverage. + + + + #CerealBox + A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes. + + + + #CoffeeCarafe + A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee. + + + + #Cup + A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping. + + + + #DessertFork + A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake. + + + + #DinnerPlate + A regular size plate for eating a main meals. + + + + #Dispenser + A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage. + + + + #Glass + A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages. + + + + #JamJar + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam. + + + + #Jar + A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish. + + + + #KitchenKnife + A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber. + + + + #MilkBottle + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. + + + + #MilkPack + A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. + + + + #NutellaJar + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella. + + + + #PastaBowl + A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta. + + + + #PepperShaker + A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper. + + + + #RaspberryJamJar + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam. + + + + #SaladBowl + A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad. + + + + #SaltShaker + A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt. + + + + #Shaker + A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper. + + + + #SoupPot + A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup. + + + + #Spoon + An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle. + + + + #SugarDispenser + A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar. + + + + #TableFork + A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti. + + + + #TableKnife + A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread. + + + + #TableSpoon + A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating. + + + + #TeaSpoon + A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml. + + + + #WaterBottle + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. + + + + #WaterGlass + A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it. + + + + #WineBottle + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. + + + + #WineGlass + A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Blade + A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Bottle + A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Bowl + A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Building + A structure with a roof and walls. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Ceiling + The upper interior surface of a room. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Countertop + A flat surface for working on. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Crockery + An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cupboard + A piece of furniture for storing things. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedHandle + An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedHandle + Designed handle + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedSpade + A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedSpade + Designed spade + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dishwasher + An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DishwasherTab + A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Door + A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Drawer + A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Floor + The lower interior surface of a room. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Fork + Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FreezerCompartment + A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Hotplate + A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Knife + An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lid + A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pack + A small cardboard or paper container. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pan + A container used for cooking food. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Plate + A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pot + A container used for cooking food. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Rack + A frame for holding or storing things. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Refrigerator + An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Stove + An appliance for cooking or heating. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Table + A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Wall + An upright surface of a building or room. + + + + + + -Ontology( -Import() -Annotation(rdfs:comment "SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items.") - -Declaration(Class(:Box)) -Declaration(Class(:BreadKnife)) -Declaration(Class(:BreakfastPlate)) -Declaration(Class(:Carafe)) -Declaration(Class(:CerealBox)) -Declaration(Class(:CoffeeCarafe)) -Declaration(Class(:Cup)) -Declaration(Class(:DessertFork)) -Declaration(Class(:DinnerPlate)) -Declaration(Class(:Dispenser)) -Declaration(Class(:Glass)) -Declaration(Class(:JamJar)) -Declaration(Class(:Jar)) -Declaration(Class(:KitchenKnife)) -Declaration(Class(:MilkBottle)) -Declaration(Class(:MilkPack)) -Declaration(Class(:NutellaJar)) -Declaration(Class(:PastaBowl)) -Declaration(Class(:PepperShaker)) -Declaration(Class(:RaspberryJamJar)) -Declaration(Class(:SaladBowl)) -Declaration(Class(:SaltShaker)) -Declaration(Class(:Shaker)) -Declaration(Class(:SoupPot)) -Declaration(Class(:Spoon)) -Declaration(Class(:SugarDispenser)) -Declaration(Class(:TableFork)) -Declaration(Class(:TableKnife)) -Declaration(Class(:TableSpoon)) -Declaration(Class(:TeaSpoon)) -Declaration(Class(:WaterBottle)) -Declaration(Class(:WaterGlass)) -Declaration(Class(:WineBottle)) -Declaration(Class(:WineGlass)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Appliance)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BakedGood)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Blade)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bottle)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bowl)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BoxShape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Bread)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Building)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Ceiling)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Compartment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Countertop)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Crockery)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cupboard)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cutlery)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CuttingTool)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedComponent)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedContainer)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedFurniture)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedHandle)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedSpade)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedTool)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dish)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dishwasher)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DishwasherTab)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Door)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Drawer)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Floor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fork)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FreezerCompartment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Graspability)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Hotplate)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Insertion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Knife)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Lid)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pack)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pan)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pancake)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PancakeMix)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Plate)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Pot)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Rack)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Refrigerator)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoomSurface)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shaping)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Spatula)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Stove)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Surface)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Table)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tableware)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Wall)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTrigger)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDisposition)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShapeRegion)) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Box "A cuboid-shaped container.") -SubClassOf(:Box SOMA:DesignedContainer) -SubClassOf(:Box ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:BoxShape)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :BreadKnife "A knife to cut bread.") -SubClassOf(:BreadKnife :KitchenKnife) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :BreakfastPlate "A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast.") -SubClassOf(:BreakfastPlate SOMA:Plate) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Carafe "A container used to hold and pour some beverage.") -SubClassOf(:Carafe SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CerealBox "A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes.") -SubClassOf(:CerealBox :Box) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :CoffeeCarafe "A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee.") -SubClassOf(:CoffeeCarafe :Carafe) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Cup "A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping.") -SubClassOf(:Cup SOMA:Crockery) -SubClassOf(:Cup ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DessertFork "A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake.") -SubClassOf(:DessertFork SOMA:Fork) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :DinnerPlate "A regular size plate for eating a main meals.") -SubClassOf(:DinnerPlate SOMA:Plate) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Dispenser "A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage.") -SubClassOf(:Dispenser SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Glass "A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages.") -SubClassOf(:Glass SOMA:Crockery) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JamJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam.") -SubClassOf(:JamJar :Jar) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Jar "A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish.") -SubClassOf(:Jar SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :KitchenKnife "A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber.") -SubClassOf(:KitchenKnife SOMA:Knife) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MilkBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk.") -SubClassOf(:MilkBottle SOMA:Bottle) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MilkPack "A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk.") -SubClassOf(:MilkPack SOMA:Pack) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NutellaJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella.") -SubClassOf(:NutellaJar :Jar) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PastaBowl "A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta.") -SubClassOf(:PastaBowl SOMA:Bowl) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PepperShaker "A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper.") -SubClassOf(:PepperShaker :Shaker) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :RaspberryJamJar "A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam.") -SubClassOf(:RaspberryJamJar :JamJar) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SaladBowl "A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad.") -SubClassOf(:SaladBowl SOMA:Bowl) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SaltShaker "A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt.") -SubClassOf(:SaltShaker :Shaker) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Shaker "A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper.") -SubClassOf(:Shaker SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SoupPot "A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup.") -SubClassOf(:SoupPot SOMA:Pot) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Spoon "An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle.") -SubClassOf(:Spoon SOMA:Cutlery) -SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment)) -SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Bowl)) -SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) -SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Insertion)) -SubClassOf(:Spoon ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :SugarDispenser "A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar.") -SubClassOf(:SugarDispenser :Dispenser) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableFork "A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti.") -SubClassOf(:TableFork SOMA:Fork) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableKnife "A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread.") -SubClassOf(:TableKnife :KitchenKnife) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TableSpoon "A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating.") -SubClassOf(:TableSpoon :Spoon) -DisjointClasses(:TableSpoon :TeaSpoon) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :TeaSpoon "A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml.") -SubClassOf(:TeaSpoon :Spoon) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WaterBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water.") -SubClassOf(:WaterBottle SOMA:Bottle) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WaterGlass "A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it.") -SubClassOf(:WaterGlass :Glass) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WineBottle "A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine.") -SubClassOf(:WineBottle SOMA:Bottle) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :WineGlass "A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it.") -SubClassOf(:WineGlass :Glass) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Appliance ) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:BakedGood SOMA:Dish) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Blade "A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Blade SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Bottle "A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Bottle SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Bowl "A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Bowl SOMA:Crockery) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Bread SOMA:BakedGood) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Building "A structure with a roof and walls.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Building SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Ceiling "The upper interior surface of a room.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:RoomSurface) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:Floor) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Ceiling SOMA:Wall) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Compartment SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Countertop "A flat surface for working on.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Countertop SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Crockery "An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery SOMA:DesignedContainer) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery SOMA:Tableware) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Insertion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Crockery ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDisposition ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cupboard "A piece of furniture for storing things.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard SOMA:DesignedContainer) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard SOMA:DesignedFurniture) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cupboard ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Rack)) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cutlery SOMA:Tableware) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:CuttingTool SOMA:DesignedTool) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CuttingTool ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Shaping)) - -# Class: (Designed component) - -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ) - -# Class: (Designed container) - -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ) - -# Class: (Designed furniture) - -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedFurniture ) - -# Class: (Designed handle) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedHandle "An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedHandle "Designed handle") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedHandle SOMA:DesignedComponent) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedHandle ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Graspability)) - -# Class: (Designed spade) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedSpade "A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedSpade "Designed spade") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedSpade SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: (Designed tool) - -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedTool ) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dish ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dishwasher "An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dishwasher SOMA:Appliance) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dishwasher SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DishwasherTab "A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DishwasherTab ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Door "A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Door SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Drawer "A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Drawer SOMA:DesignedComponent) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Drawer SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Floor "The lower interior surface of a room.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Floor SOMA:RoomSurface) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Floor SOMA:Wall) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fork "Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Fork SOMA:Cutlery) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Fork ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FreezerCompartment "A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FreezerCompartment SOMA:Compartment) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Hotplate "A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Hotplate SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Knife "An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife SOMA:CuttingTool) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Blade)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Knife ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Lid "A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Lid SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pack "A small cardboard or paper container.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pack SOMA:DesignedContainer) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pan "A container used for cooking food.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pan SOMA:Crockery) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pancake SOMA:BakedGood) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:PancakeMix ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Plate "A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Plate SOMA:Crockery) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Pot "A container used for cooking food.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Pot SOMA:Crockery) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Rack "A frame for holding or storing things.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Rack SOMA:DesignedComponent) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Refrigerator "An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator SOMA:Appliance) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator SOMA:DesignedContainer) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Refrigerator ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Door)) - -# Class: (Room surface) - -SubClassOf(SOMA:RoomSurface SOMA:Surface) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula SOMA:Cutlery) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedHandle)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Spatula ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:DesignedSpade)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Stove "An appliance for cooking or heating.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Stove SOMA:Appliance) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Stove ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent SOMA:Hotplate)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Table "A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Table SOMA:DesignedFurniture) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf(SOMA:Tableware SOMA:DesignedTool) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Wall "An upright surface of a building or room.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Wall SOMA:RoomSurface) - - -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl index 21da4410..cb0749ae 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl @@ -1,88 +1,191 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ComputationalAgent + An agent that is implemented in software. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ComputationalAgent + Computational agent + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalData + An information realization of quantitative data. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalData + Digital data + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalObject + An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalObject + Digital object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FaultySoftware + A description of a situation where some software has a bug. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FaultySoftware + Faulty software + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncompatibleSoftware + A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncompatibleSoftware + Incompatible software + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareImplementation + An information realization in form of a executable computer program. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareImplementation + Software implementation + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwarePackage + A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwarePackage + Software package + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareType + A concept that classifies software objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareType + Software type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UnavailableSoftware + A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UnavailableSoftware + Unavailable software + + + + + + -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ComputationalAgent)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DigitalData)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DigitalObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FaultySoftware)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwarePackage)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareType)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:UnavailableSoftware)) -Declaration(Class()) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Computational agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ComputationalAgent "An agent that is implemented in software.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ComputationalAgent "Computational agent") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ComputationalAgent ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation )) - -# Class: (Digital data) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DigitalData "An information realization of quantitative data.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DigitalData "Digital data") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalData ) - -# Class: (Digital object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DigitalObject "An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DigitalObject "Digital object") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalObject ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DigitalObject ) - -# Class: (Faulty software) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FaultySoftware "A description of a situation where some software has a bug.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FaultySoftware "Faulty software"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FaultySoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - -# Class: (Incompatible software) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware "A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware "Incompatible software"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:IncompatibleSoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - -# Class: (Software implementation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareImplementation "An information realization in form of a executable computer program.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareImplementation "Software implementation") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareImplementation SOMA:DigitalObject) - -# Class: (Software package) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwarePackage "A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwarePackage "Software package") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwarePackage SOMA:DigitalObject) - -# Class: (Software type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareType "A concept that classifies software objects.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareType "Software type") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareType ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:SoftwareImplementation)) - -# Class: (Unavailable software) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UnavailableSoftware "A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:UnavailableSoftware "Unavailable software"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:UnavailableSoftware SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis) - - -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl index 6d7405b4..03ad1268 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -1,45 +1,86 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KinoDynamicData + An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KinoDynamicData + Kino-dynamic data + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShapeData + An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShapeData + Mesh-shape data + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#VideoData + An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#VideoData + Video data + + -Ontology( -Import() -Declaration(Class(SOMA:KinoDynamicData)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MeshShapeData)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:VideoData)) + - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Kino-dynamic data) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:KinoDynamicData "An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:KinoDynamicData "Kino-dynamic data"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:KinoDynamicData ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:KinoDynamicData ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Mesh-shape data) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MeshShapeData "An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MeshShapeData "Mesh-shape data"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShapeData ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShapeData ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Video data) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:VideoData "An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:VideoData "Video data"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:VideoData ) - - -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 42bd1c3e..67db17d3 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1,2095 +1,5084 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 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+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #ArtificialAgent + A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. + +There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. + + + + #ArtificialAgent + Artificial agent + + + + #ContinuousJoint + A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. + + + + #ContinuousJoint + Continuous joint + + + + #FixedJoint + A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links. + + + + #FixedJoint + Fixed joint + + + + #FloatingJoint + A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. + + + + #FloatingJoint + Floating joint + + + + #ForceAttribute + The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it. + + + + #ForceAttribute + Force attribute + + + + #HingeJoint + A joint that rotates along an axis. + + + + #HingeJoint + Hinge joint + + + + #Joint + An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. + + + + #JointLimit + The physical limits of a joint. + + + + #JointLimit + Joint limit + + + + #JointState + The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it. + + + + #JointState + Joint state + + + + #MovableJoint + A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension. + + + + #MovableJoint + Movable joint + + + + #NetForce + The accumulated force acting upon an object. + + + + #NetForce + Net force + + + + #PlanarJoint + A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis. + + + + #PlanarJoint + Planar joint + + + + #PrismaticJoint + A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. + + + + #PrismaticJoint + Prismatic joint + + + + #RevoluteJoint + A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. + + + + #RevoluteJoint + Revolute joint + + + + #hasChildLink + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. + + + + #hasChildLink + has child link + + + + #hasEndLink + Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. + + + + #hasEndLink + has end link + + + + #hasForceValue + A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. + + + + #hasForceValue + has force value + + + + #hasJointEffort + The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointEffort + has joint effort + + + + #hasJointEffortLimit + The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointEffortLimit + has joint effort limit + + + + #hasJointLimit + Relates a joint to its physical limits. + + + + #hasJointLimit + has joint limit + + + + #hasJointParameter + Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint. + + + + #hasJointParameter + has joint parameter + + + + #hasJointPosition + The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointPosition + has joint position + + + + #hasJointPositionMax + The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointPositionMax + has joint position max + + + + #hasJointPositionMin + The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointPositionMin + has joint position min + + + + #hasJointState + Relates a joint to its state. + + + + #hasJointState + has joint state + + + + #hasJointVelocity + The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointVelocity + has joint velocity + + + + #hasJointVelocityLimit + The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). + + + + #hasJointVelocityLimit + has joint velocity limit + + + + #hasLink + Relates an object to its kinematic components. + + + + #hasLink + has link + + + + #hasNetForce + A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. + + + + #hasNetForce + has net force + + + + #hasParentLink + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. + + + + #hasParentLink + has parent link + + + + #hasRootLink + Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. + + + + #hasRootLink + has root link + + + + #hasShapeScale + The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. +It is often the case that shapes need to be altered from their description in a shape file, and a typical example of this is scaling a mesh. -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(Class(:ArtificialAgent)) -Declaration(Class(:ContinuousJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:FixedJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:FloatingJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:ForceAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(:HingeJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:Joint)) -Declaration(Class(:JointLimit)) -Declaration(Class(:JointState)) -Declaration(Class(:MovableJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:NetForce)) -Declaration(Class(:PlanarJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:PrismaticJoint)) -Declaration(Class(:RevoluteJoint)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Accessor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AestheticDesign)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Affordance)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AgentRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlteredObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Appliance)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Arm)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AvoidedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Barrier)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BeneficiaryRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Blockage)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BlockedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BoxShape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Capacity)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausalEventRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausativeRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CircularCylinder)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Clean)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cleanliness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Color)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ColorRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommitedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Composing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConnectedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Connectivity)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Container)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Cover)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Coverage)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoveredObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CreatedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CylinderShape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DependentPlace)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deposit)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DepositedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deposition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedComponent)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedContainer)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedFurniture)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DesignedTool)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Destination)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DestroyedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DetectedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceStateRange)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Dirty)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Disposition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Effort)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:EnclosedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Enclosing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:EventAdjacentRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExperiencerRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExtractedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Extrinsic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Feature)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Finger)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FrictionAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalDesign)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalPart)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:GoalRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Graspability)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:GreenColor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Gripper)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Hand)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:HasQualityRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Head)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Impediment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:IncludedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:InsertedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Insertion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Instrument)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Intrinsic)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Item)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Leg)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Limb)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Linkage)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Localization)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Location)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LocatumRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MassAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Material)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MeshShape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Obstacle)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Origin)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PathRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalEffector)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalQuality)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileEffector)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Protector)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Purification)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:QualityTransition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RecipientRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RedColor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelatumRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RelevantPart)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ResourceRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RestrictedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Restrictor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ResultRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Room)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoomSurface)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SelectedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Setpoint)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapeRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shaping)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Sharpness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Shifting)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Size)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SocialQuality)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SourceMaterialRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SpatialRelationRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SphereShape)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StimulusRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StructuralDesign)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Supporter)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Surface)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Temperature)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tempering)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:TimeRole)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tool)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Transient)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Variability)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasChildLink)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasEndLink)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasJointLimit)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasJointState)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasLink)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasNetForce)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasParentLink)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasRootLink)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isChildLinkOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isEndLinkOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isJointLimitOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isJointStateOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isLinkOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isMassAttributeOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isNetForceOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isParentLinkOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isRootLinkOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordanceDefines)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsBearer)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsConcept)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsSetpoint)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:affordsTrigger)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:containsObject)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesBearer)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesParameter)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesSetpoint)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesTrigger)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:describesQuality)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasAlterationResult)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasColor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDesign)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasDisposition)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFeature)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasLocalization)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasMassAttribute)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasQuale)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShape)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasShapeRegion)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesEffector)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isColorOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDepositOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDesignOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isDispositionOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isFeatureOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInsideOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isLinkedTo)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isLocalizationOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOntopOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isQualeOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isShapeOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSupportedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:supports)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsBack)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsFrom)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:transitionsTo)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasForceValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointEffort)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointEffortLimit)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointParameter)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPosition)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPositionMax)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointPositionMin)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointVelocity)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasJointVelocityLimit)) -Declaration(DataProperty(:hasShapeScale)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasColorValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasDepth)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasFilePath)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasFrictionValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasHSVValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasHeight)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasLength)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasMassValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPositionData)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasRGBValue)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasRadius)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasShapeParameter)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasWidth)) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (has child link) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasChildLink "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasChildLink "has child link") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasChildLink ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasChildLink :isChildLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasChildLink :Joint) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasChildLink ) - -# Object Property: (has end link) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasEndLink "Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasEndLink "has end link") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasEndLink :hasLink) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasEndLink :isEndLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasEndLink ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasEndLink ) - -# Object Property: (has joint limit) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointLimit "Relates a joint to its physical limits.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointLimit "has joint limit") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasJointLimit ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasJointLimit :isJointLimitOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasJointLimit :Joint) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasJointLimit :JointLimit) - -# Object Property: (has joint state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointState "Relates a joint to its state.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointState "has joint state") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasJointState ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasJointState :isJointStateOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasJointState :Joint) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasJointState :JointState) - -# Object Property: (has link) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasLink "Relates an object to its kinematic components.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasLink "has link") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasLink ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasLink :isLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasLink ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasLink ) - -# Object Property: (has net force) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasNetForce "A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasNetForce "has net force") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasNetForce ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasNetForce :isNetForceOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasNetForce ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasNetForce :NetForce) - -# Object Property: (has parent link) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasParentLink "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasParentLink "has parent link") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasParentLink ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasParentLink :isParentLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasParentLink :Joint) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasParentLink ) - -# Object Property: (has root link) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasRootLink "Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasRootLink "has root link") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasRootLink :hasLink) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasRootLink :isRootLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasRootLink ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasRootLink ) - -# Object Property: (is child link of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isChildLinkOf "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isChildLinkOf "is child link of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isChildLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isChildLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isChildLinkOf :Joint) - -# Object Property: (is end link of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isEndLinkOf "Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isEndLinkOf "is end link of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isEndLinkOf :isLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isEndLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isEndLinkOf ) - -# Object Property: (is joint limit of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isJointLimitOf "Relates a joint to its physical limits.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isJointLimitOf "is joint limit of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isJointLimitOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isJointLimitOf :JointLimit) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isJointLimitOf :Joint) - -# Object Property: (is joint state of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isJointStateOf "Relates a joint to its state.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isJointStateOf "is joint state of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isJointStateOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isJointStateOf :JointState) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isJointStateOf :Joint) - -# Object Property: (is link of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isLinkOf "Relates an object to its kinematic components.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isLinkOf "is link of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isLinkOf ) - -# Object Property: (is mass attribute of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isMassAttributeOf "A relation between physical objects and their mass.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isMassAttributeOf "is mass attribute of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isMassAttributeOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(:isMassAttributeOf SOMA:hasMassAttribute) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isMassAttributeOf SOMA:MassAttribute) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isMassAttributeOf ) - -# Object Property: (is net force of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isNetForceOf "A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isNetForceOf "is net force of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isNetForceOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isNetForceOf :NetForce) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isNetForceOf ) - -# Object Property: (is parent link of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isParentLinkOf "Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isParentLinkOf "is parent link of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isParentLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isParentLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isParentLinkOf :Joint) - -# Object Property: (is root link of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isRootLinkOf "Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isRootLinkOf "is root link of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isRootLinkOf :isLinkOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isRootLinkOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isRootLinkOf ) - -# Object Property: (affordance defines) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordanceDefines "A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordanceDefines "affordance defines") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefines ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordanceDefines SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordanceDefines SOMA:Affordance) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordanceDefines ) - -# Object Property: (affordance defines task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask "A relation between an Affordance and a Task") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask "affordance defines task") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:affordanceDefines) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask SOMA:Affordance) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask ) - -# Object Property: (affords bearer) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsBearer "Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsBearer "affords bearer") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:affordsConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsBearer ) - -# Object Property: (affords concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsConcept "A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsConcept "affords concept") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsConcept ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsConcept SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsConcept SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsConcept ) - -# Object Property: (affords setpoint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsSetpoint "Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsSetpoint "affords setpoint") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:affordsConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsSetpoint SOMA:Setpoint) - -# Object Property: (affords task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsTask "Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsTask "affords task") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:affordsConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsTask SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsTask ) - -# Object Property: (affords trigger) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:affordsTrigger "Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:affordsTrigger "affords trigger") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:affordsConcept) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:affordsTrigger ) - -# Object Property: (contains object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:containsObject "A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:containsObject "contains object") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsObject SOMA:contains) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsObject ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:containsObject SOMA:isInsideOf) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:containsObject) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:containsObject ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:containsObject ) - -# Object Property: (defines bearer) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesBearer "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesBearer "defines bearer") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesBearer ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesBearer SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesBearer SOMA:Affordance) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesBearer ) - -# Object Property: (defines parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesParameter "A relation between a description and a parameter.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesParameter "defines parameter") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesParameter ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesParameter SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesParameter ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesParameter ) - -# Object Property: (defines setpoint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesSetpoint "Defines the dedicated goal region of a description.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesSetpoint "defines setpoint") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:definesParameter) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesSetpoint ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesSetpoint SOMA:Setpoint) - -# Object Property: (defines trigger) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesTrigger "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesTrigger "defines trigger") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesTrigger ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesTrigger SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesTrigger SOMA:Affordance) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesTrigger ) - -# Object Property: (describes quality) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:describesQuality "Relates a description to a quality that it describes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:describesQuality "describes quality") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:describesQuality ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:describesQuality ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:describesQuality ) - -# Object Property: (has alteration result) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasAlterationResult "Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasAlterationResult "has alteration result") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasAlterationResult SOMA:isAlterationResultOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasAlterationResult ) - -# Object Property: (has color) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasColor "Relates an object to its color quality.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasColor "has color") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasColor ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasColor SOMA:isColorOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasColor ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasColor SOMA:Color) - -# Object Property: (has design) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDesign "Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDesign "has design") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDesign ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasDesign SOMA:isDesignOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDesign ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDesign ) - -# Object Property: (has disposition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDisposition "Associates an object to one of its dispositions.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDisposition "has disposition") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDisposition ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:isDispositionOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDisposition ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (has feature) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFeature "Associates a physical object to one of its features.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFeature "has feature") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFeature ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasFeature SOMA:isFeatureOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFeature ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFeature SOMA:Feature) - -# Object Property: (has friction attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute "A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute "has friction attribute") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) - -# Object Property: (has localization) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasLocalization "Relates an object to its localization quality.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasLocalization "has localization") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasLocalization ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasLocalization SOMA:isLocalizationOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasLocalization ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasLocalization SOMA:Localization) - -# Object Property: (has mass attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasMassAttribute "A relation between physical objects and their mass.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasMassAttribute "has mass attribute") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasMassAttribute ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasMassAttribute ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasMassAttribute SOMA:MassAttribute) - -# Object Property: (has quale) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasQuale "Relates a quality to its \"value\", called quale, which is an atomic quality region.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasQuale "has quale") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasQuale ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasQuale SOMA:isQualeOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasQuale ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasQuale ) - -# Object Property: (has shape) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShape "Relates an object to its shape quality.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShape "has shape") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShape ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasShape SOMA:isShapeOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShape ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShape SOMA:Shape) - -# Object Property: (has shape region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShapeRegion "A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShapeRegion "has shape region") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShapeRegion ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:isShapeRegionOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShapeRegion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Shape )) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShapeRegion SOMA:ShapeRegion) - -# Object Property: (has space region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSpaceRegion "Relates an entity to a space region.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSpaceRegion "has space region") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Localization SOMA:ShapeRegion )) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSpaceRegion ) - -# Object Property: (involves effector) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesEffector "Effector participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesEffector "involves effector") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesEffector ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesEffector SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesEffector ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesEffector SOMA:PhysicalEffector) - -# Object Property: (is alteration result of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAlterationResultOf "Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAlterationResultOf "is alteration result of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAlterationResultOf ) - -# Object Property: (is bearer afforded by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy "is bearer afforded by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (is bearer defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn "is bearer defined in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn SOMA:Affordance) - -# Object Property: (is color of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isColorOf "Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isColorOf "is color of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isColorOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isColorOf SOMA:Color) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isColorOf ) - -# Object Property: (is concept afforded by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy "A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy "is concept afforded by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (is defined in affordance) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance "A relation between a Concept and an Affordance.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance "is defined in affordance") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance SOMA:Affordance) - -# Object Property: (is deposit of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDepositOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDepositOf "is deposit of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDepositOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isDepositOf SOMA:isOntopOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDepositOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDepositOf ) - -# Object Property: (is design of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDesignOf "Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDesignOf "is design of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDesignOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDesignOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDesignOf ) - -# Object Property: (is disposition of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isDispositionOf "Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isDispositionOf "is disposition of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isDispositionOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isDispositionOf SOMA:Disposition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isDispositionOf ) - -# Object Property: (is effector involved in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn "Effector participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn "is effector involved in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn SOMA:PhysicalEffector) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isEffectorInvolvedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is feature of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isFeatureOf "Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isFeatureOf "is feature of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isFeatureOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isFeatureOf SOMA:Feature) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isFeatureOf ) - -# Object Property: (is inside of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInsideOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInsideOf "is inside of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInsideOf SOMA:isContainedIn) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInsideOf ) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:isInsideOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInsideOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInsideOf ) - -# Object Property: (is linked to) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isLinkedTo "A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isLinkedTo "is linked to") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) -SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:isLinkedTo) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isLinkedTo ) - -# Object Property: (is localization of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isLocalizationOf "Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isLocalizationOf "is localization of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isLocalizationOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isLocalizationOf SOMA:Localization) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isLocalizationOf ) - -# Object Property: (is ontop of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOntopOf "A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOntopOf "is ontop of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOntopOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOntopOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOntopOf ) - -# Object Property: (is parameter defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn "A relation between a description and a parameter.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn "is parameter defined in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is physically contained in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn "A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn "is physically contained in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPhysicallyContainedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is quale of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isQualeOf "Relates a quality to its \"value\", called quale, which is an atomic quality region.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isQualeOf "is quale of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isQualeOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isQualeOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isQualeOf ) - -# Object Property: (is quality described by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy "Relates a description to a quality it describes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy "is quality described by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isQualityDescribedBy ) - -# Object Property: (is setpoint afforded by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy "is setpoint afforded by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:Setpoint) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (is setpoint defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn "Defines the dedicated goal region of a description.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn "is setpoint defined in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn SOMA:isParameterDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn SOMA:Setpoint) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is shape of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isShapeOf "Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isShapeOf "is shape of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isShapeOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isShapeOf SOMA:Shape) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isShapeOf ) - -# Object Property: (is shape region of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isShapeRegionOf "Relates a shape to a physical object that has it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isShapeRegionOf "is shape region of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf SOMA:ShapeRegion) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isShapeRegionOf ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Shape )) - -# Object Property: (is space region for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor "Relates a space region to an entity.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor "is space region for") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSpaceRegionFor ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Localization )) - -# Object Property: (is supported by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSupportedBy "Relates a supportee to one of its supporters.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSupportedBy "is supported by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isSupportedBy SOMA:supports) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSupportedBy ) - -# Object Property: (is task afforded by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy "is task afforded by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (is task defined in affordance) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance "A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance "is task defined in affordance") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance SOMA:Affordance) - -# Object Property: (is trigger afforded by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy "Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy "is trigger afforded by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy SOMA:Disposition) - -# Object Property: (is trigger defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn "Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn "is trigger defined in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn SOMA:Affordance) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:supports "Relates a supportee to one of its supporters.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:supports ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:supports ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:supports ) - -# Object Property: (transitions back) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsBack "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsBack "transitions back"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:transitionsFrom) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:transitionsTo) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsBack SOMA:Transient) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsBack ) - -# Object Property: (transitions from) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsFrom "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsFrom "transitions from"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsFrom ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsFrom SOMA:Transient) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsFrom ) - -# Object Property: (transitions to) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:transitionsTo "A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:transitionsTo "transitions to"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:transitionsTo ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:transitionsTo SOMA:Transient) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:transitionsTo ) - - -############################ -# Data Properties -############################ - -# Data Property: (has force value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasForceValue "A value that quantifies a force given in Newton.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasForceValue "has force value") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasForceValue ) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasForceValue :ForceAttribute) -DataPropertyRange(:hasForceValue SOMA:array_double) - -# Data Property: (has joint effort) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointEffort "The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointEffort "has joint effort") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointEffort :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointEffort :JointState) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointEffort xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint effort limit) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointEffortLimit "The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointEffortLimit "has joint effort limit") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointEffortLimit :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointEffortLimit :JointLimit) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointEffortLimit xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointParameter "Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointParameter "has joint parameter") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointParameter ) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointParameter ) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointParameter xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint position) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPosition "The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPosition "has joint position") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPosition :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPosition :JointState) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPosition xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint position max) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPositionMax "The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPositionMax "has joint position max") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPositionMax :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPositionMax :JointLimit) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPositionMax xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint position min) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointPositionMin "The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointPositionMin "has joint position min") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointPositionMin :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointPositionMin :JointLimit) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointPositionMin xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint velocity) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointVelocity "The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointVelocity "has joint velocity") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointVelocity :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointVelocity :JointState) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointVelocity xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has joint velocity limit) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasJointVelocityLimit "The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasJointVelocityLimit "has joint velocity limit") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasJointVelocityLimit :hasJointParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasJointVelocityLimit :JointLimit) -DataPropertyRange(:hasJointVelocityLimit xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has shape scale) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasShapeScale "The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. - -It is often the case that shapes need to be altered from their description in a shape file, and a typical example of this is scaling a mesh. - -In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasShapeScale "has shape scale") -SubDataPropertyOf(:hasShapeScale SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(:hasShapeScale SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(:hasShapeScale SOMA:array_double) - -# Data Property: (has color value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasColorValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasColorValue "has color value") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasColorValue ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasColorValue SOMA:ColorRegion) - -# Data Property: (has depth) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDepth "The depth of a shape.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasDepth "has depth") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDepth SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDepth SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDepth xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has file path) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFilePath "Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFilePath "has file path") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFilePath ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFilePath ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFilePath xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has friction value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFrictionValue "The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFrictionValue "has friction value") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFrictionValue ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFrictionValue SOMA:FrictionAttribute) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFrictionValue xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has hsv value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasHSVValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasHSVValue "has hsv value") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasHSVValue SOMA:hasColorValue) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasHSVValue SOMA:ColorRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasHSVValue xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has height) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasHeight "The height of a shape.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasHeight "has height") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasHeight SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasHeight SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasHeight xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has length) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasLength "The length of a shape.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasLength "has length") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasLength SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasLength SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasLength xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has mass value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasMassValue "The mass value of a physical object in kilogram.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasMassValue "has mass value") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasMassValue ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasMassValue SOMA:MassAttribute) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasMassValue xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has position data) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPositionData "Associates a spatial region to a position.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPositionData "has position data") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPositionData SOMA:hasSpaceParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPositionData ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has rgb value) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasRGBValue "Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasRGBValue "has rgb value") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasRGBValue SOMA:hasColorValue) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasRGBValue SOMA:ColorRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasRGBValue xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has radius) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasRadius "The radius of a circular or oval shape.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasRadius "has radius") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasRadius SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasRadius SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has reference frame) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasReferenceFrame "Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasReferenceFrame "has reference frame") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame SOMA:hasSpaceParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasReferenceFrame xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has shape parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasShapeParameter "Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasShapeParameter "has shape parameter") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasShapeParameter ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasShapeParameter SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasShapeParameter DataUnionOf(SOMA:array_double xsd:double xsd:float xsd:string)) - -# Data Property: (has space parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSpaceParameter "Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSpaceParameter "has space parameter") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSpaceParameter ) - -# Data Property: (has width) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasWidth "The width of a shape.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasWidth "has width") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasWidth SOMA:hasShapeParameter) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasWidth SOMA:ShapeRegion) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasWidth xsd:float) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Artificial agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ArtificialAgent "A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. - -There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ArtificialAgent "Artificial agent") -SubClassOf(:ArtificialAgent ) - -# Class: (Continuous joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ContinuousJoint "A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ContinuousJoint "Continuous joint") -SubClassOf(:ContinuousJoint :HingeJoint) - -# Class: (Fixed joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FixedJoint "A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FixedJoint "Fixed joint") -SubClassOf(:FixedJoint :Joint) -SubClassOf(:FixedJoint ObjectExactCardinality(0 :hasJointState )) -DisjointClasses(:FixedJoint :MovableJoint) - -# Class: (Floating joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :FloatingJoint "A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :FloatingJoint "Floating joint") -SubClassOf(:FloatingJoint :MovableJoint) - -# Class: (Force attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ForceAttribute "The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ForceAttribute "Force attribute") -SubClassOf(:ForceAttribute ) -SubClassOf(:ForceAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 :hasForceValue SOMA:array_double)) - -# Class: (Hinge joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :HingeJoint "A joint that rotates along an axis.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :HingeJoint "Hinge joint") -SubClassOf(:HingeJoint :MovableJoint) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :Joint "An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure.") -EquivalentClasses(:Joint ObjectUnionOf(:FixedJoint :MovableJoint)) -SubClassOf(:Joint ) -SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasChildLink )) -SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasParentLink )) -SubClassOf(:Joint ObjectMaxCardinality(1 :hasJointState :JointState)) - -# Class: (Joint limit) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JointLimit "The physical limits of a joint.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :JointLimit "Joint limit") -SubClassOf(:JointLimit ) - -# Class: (Joint state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :JointState "The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :JointState "Joint state") -SubClassOf(:JointState ) -SubClassOf(:JointState DataExactCardinality(1 :hasJointPosition xsd:double)) -SubClassOf(:JointState DataExactCardinality(1 :hasJointVelocity xsd:double)) -SubClassOf(:JointState DataMaxCardinality(1 :hasJointEffort xsd:double)) - -# Class: (Movable joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :MovableJoint "A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :MovableJoint "Movable joint") -SubClassOf(:MovableJoint :Joint) -SubClassOf(:MovableJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointState :JointState)) - -# Class: (Net force) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :NetForce "The accumulated force acting upon an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :NetForce "Net force") -SubClassOf(:NetForce :ForceAttribute) - -# Class: (Planar joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PlanarJoint "A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PlanarJoint "Planar joint") -SubClassOf(:PlanarJoint :MovableJoint) - -# Class: (Prismatic joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :PrismaticJoint "A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :PrismaticJoint "Prismatic joint") -SubClassOf(:PrismaticJoint :MovableJoint) -SubClassOf(:PrismaticJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointLimit :JointLimit)) - -# Class: (Revolute joint) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :RevoluteJoint "A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :RevoluteJoint "Revolute joint") -SubClassOf(:RevoluteJoint :HingeJoint) -SubClassOf(:RevoluteJoint ObjectExactCardinality(1 :hasJointLimit :JointLimit)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accessor "A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Accessor SOMA:Instrument) - -# Class: (Aesthetic Design) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AestheticDesign "A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. - -Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AestheticDesign "Aesthetic Design") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AestheticDesign ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Affordance "A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Disposition)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesBearer )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesTrigger )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - -# Class: (Agent role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AgentRole "A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. - -The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AgentRole "Agent role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AgentRole SOMA:CausativeRole) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AgentRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Altered object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AlteredObject "An object undergoing modifications.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AlteredObject "Altered object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AlteredObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Appliance "A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Appliance ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Arm "A limb used to reach for objects.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Arm SOMA:Limb) - -# Class: (Avoided object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AvoidedObject "An object that is avoided.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AvoidedObject "Avoided object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AvoidedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Barrier "A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Barrier SOMA:Restrictor) - -# Class: (Beneficiary role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BeneficiaryRole "A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BeneficiaryRole "Beneficiary role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BeneficiaryRole SOMA:GoalRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Blockage "The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage SOMA:Disposition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Barrier)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Blockage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:BlockedObject)) - -# Class: (Blocked object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BlockedObject "An object that is blocked from accessing something.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BlockedObject "Blocked object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BlockedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: (Box shape) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BoxShape "A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BoxShape "Box shape") -SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasHeight xsd:float)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasLength xsd:float)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BoxShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasWidth xsd:float)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Capacity "The maximum amount an object can contain.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Capacity SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: (Causal event role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausalEventRole "A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. - -As an example, consider the utterance \"the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket.\" In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the \"by hitting it with the racket\" constituent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausalEventRole "Causal event role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausalEventRole SOMA:CausativeRole) - -# Class: (Causative role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausativeRole "A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. - -The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausativeRole "Causative role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausativeRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) - -# Class: (Circular cylinder) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CircularCylinder "A cylinder figure with circular cross section.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CircularCylinder "Circular cylinder") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CircularCylinder SOMA:CylinderShape) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CircularCylinder DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Clean "A cleanliness region with values considered as clean.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Clean SOMA:CleanlinessRegion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cleanliness "The quality of being clean.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness SOMA:SocialQuality) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cleanliness ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:CleanlinessRegion)) - -# Class: (Cleanliness region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CleanlinessRegion "Encodes the cleanliness of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CleanlinessRegion "Cleanliness region"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CleanlinessRegion ) - -# Class: (Color) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Color "The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Color "Color") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Color SOMA:Extrinsic) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Color ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ColorRegion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Color ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ColorRegion)) - -# Class: (Color region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ColorRegion "Encodes the color of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ColorRegion "Color region") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ColorRegion ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ColorRegion ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Color)) - -# Class: (Commited object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommitedObject "An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommitedObject "Commited object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommitedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Composing "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Composing SOMA:Variability) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Composing ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ConnectedObject)) - -# Class: (Connected object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConnectedObject "An object that is combined with another object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ConnectedObject "Connected object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ConnectedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Connectivity "The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity SOMA:Disposition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:ConnectedObject)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Connectivity ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ConnectedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Container "A role classifying an object used to contain others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Container SOMA:Restrictor) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Containment "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment SOMA:Disposition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Container)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:IncludedObject)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Containment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:isDispositionOf ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Capacity))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Cover "An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Cover SOMA:Barrier) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Coverage "The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage SOMA:Blockage) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Cover)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Coverage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:CoveredObject)) - -# Class: (Covered object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoveredObject "An object that is covered.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CoveredObject "Covered object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveredObject SOMA:BlockedObject) - -# Class: (Created object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CreatedObject "An object that is created.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CreatedObject "Created object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CreatedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: (Cylinder shape) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CylinderShape "A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CylinderShape "Cylinder shape") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape DataSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CylinderShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasLength xsd:float)) - -# Class: (Dependent place) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DependentPlace "A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DependentPlace "Dependent place"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DependentPlace SOMA:Feature) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deposit "A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposit SOMA:Instrument) - -# Class: (Deposited object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DepositedObject "An object placed ontop of another one.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DepositedObject "Deposited object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DepositedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deposition "The disposition to support objects.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition SOMA:Disposition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Deposit)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deposition ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:DepositedObject)) - -# Class: (Designed component) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedComponent "An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedComponent "Designed component") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent SOMA:FunctionalPart) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedComponent ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Connectivity)) - -# Class: (Designed container) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedContainer "An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedContainer "Designed container") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedContainer ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment)) - -# Class: (Designed furniture) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedFurniture "An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedFurniture "Designed furniture") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedFurniture ) - -# Class: (Designed tool) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DesignedTool "An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DesignedTool "Designed tool") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DesignedTool ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Destination "A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Destination SOMA:Location) - -# Class: (Destroyed object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DestroyedObject "An object that is detroyed.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DestroyedObject "Destroyed object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DestroyedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: (Detected object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DetectedObject "An object that is detected.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DetectedObject "Detected object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DetectedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceState "A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceState SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: (Device state range) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceStateRange "This class defines the values that a device state can take.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceStateRange "Device state range"@en) -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:DeviceStateRange ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceStateRange ) - -# Class: (Device turned off) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff "A value indicating a device is not in operation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff "Device turned off"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOff SOMA:DeviceStateRange) - -# Class: (Device turned on) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn "A value indicating a device is in operation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn "Device turned on"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeviceTurnedOn SOMA:DeviceStateRange) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Dirty "A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Dirty SOMA:CleanlinessRegion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Disposition "The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Disposition "extrinsic") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition SOMA:Extrinsic) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:Affordance)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Disposition ObjectExactCardinality(1 ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Affordance ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesBearer ) ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:definesTrigger ) ObjectExactCardinality(1 )))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Effort "A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Effort ) - -# Class: (Enclosed object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EnclosedObject "An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EnclosedObject "Enclosed object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:EnclosedObject SOMA:IncludedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Enclosing "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Enclosing SOMA:Containment) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Enclosing ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:EnclosedObject)) - -# Class: (Event adjacent role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "A role classifying a participant in an event. - -In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "Event adjacent role"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:EventAdjacentRole "Thematic role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:EventAdjacentRole ) - -# Class: (Existing object role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExistingObjectRole "A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). - -The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExistingObjectRole "Existing object role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExistingObjectRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Experiencer role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExperiencerRole "A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExperiencerRole "Experiencer role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExperiencerRole SOMA:AgentRole) - -# Class: (Extracted object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExtractedObject "An object that is removed from a container or system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExtractedObject "Extracted object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExtractedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Extrinsic "A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Extrinsic SOMA:PhysicalQuality) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Extrinsic SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Feature "Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Feature)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Feature ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isFeatureOf )) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Feature ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Finger "A limb used for grasping objects.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Finger SOMA:Limb) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Finger ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Hand)) - -# Class: (Friction attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FrictionAttribute "The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FrictionAttribute "Friction attribute") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FrictionAttribute ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FrictionAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasFrictionValue xsd:double)) - -# Class: (Functional Design) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalDesign "The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. ") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalDesign "Functional Design") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalDesign ) - -# Class: (Functional part) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalPart "Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalPart "Functional part") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalPart ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalPart ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))) - -# Class: (Goal role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GoalRole "A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GoalRole "Goal role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:GoalRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Graspability "The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Graspability SOMA:Disposition) - -# Class: (Green color) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GreenColor "A color region with dominant green color.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GreenColor "Green color") -SubClassOf(SOMA:GreenColor SOMA:ColorRegion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Gripper "A mechanical device that grasps and holds things.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Gripper SOMA:PrehensileEffector) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Hand "A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Hand SOMA:PrehensileEffector) - -# Class: (Has quality region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HasQualityRegion "The relation between an individual quality and a region.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HasQualityRegion "todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it...") -SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:HasQualityRegion ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Head "A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Head SOMA:FunctionalPart) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Impediment "The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment SOMA:Blockage) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Obstacle)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Impediment ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:RestrictedObject)) - -# Class: (Included object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IncludedObject "An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IncludedObject "Included object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:IncludedObject SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: (Inserted object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InsertedObject "An object inserted into another object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:InsertedObject "Inserted object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:InsertedObject SOMA:EnclosedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Insertion "The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Insertion SOMA:Enclosing) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Insertion ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:InsertedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Instrument "An object used to carry out the event.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Instrument SOMA:ResourceRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Intrinsic "A physical quality that is independent of context.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Intrinsic "intrinsic") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Intrinsic SOMA:PhysicalQuality) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Item "A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Item SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: (Kinetic friction attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute "Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute "Kinetic friction attribute") -SubClassOf(SOMA:KineticFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Leg "A limb on which an agent walks or stands.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Leg SOMA:Limb) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Limb "An arm or leg of an embodied agent.") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:Limb ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:Arm SOMA:Leg)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Limb SOMA:PhysicalEffector) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Linkage "The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage SOMA:Connectivity) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:LinkedObject)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Linkage ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:LinkedObject)) - -# Class: (Linked object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LinkedObject "An object that is linked to some other object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LinkedObject "Linked object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Localization "The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization SOMA:Extrinsic) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Localization ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Location "A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Location SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) - -# Class: (Locatum role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LocatumRole "Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LocatumRole "Locatum role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LocatumRole SOMA:SpatialRelationRole) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LocatumRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Mass attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MassAttribute "The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MassAttribute "Mass attribute") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MassAttribute ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MassAttribute DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasMassValue xsd:double)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Material "The matter from which a thing is made.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Material SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: (Mesh shape) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MeshShape "A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MeshShape "Mesh shape") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasFilePath xsd:string)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MeshShape DataMaxCardinality(1 :hasShapeScale SOMA:array_double)) - -# Class: (Moved object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovedObject "An object undergoing location change.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MovedObject "Moved object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject SOMA:AlteredObject) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:Localization))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Localization))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Obstacle "An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Obstacle SOMA:Barrier) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Origin "A role classifying the location where an event or object originated.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Origin SOMA:Location) - -# Class: (Path role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PathRole "A role that classifies the path of a motion.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PathRole "Path role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PathRole SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Patient "A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Patient SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) - -# Class: (Physical effector) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalEffector "A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalEffector "Physical effector") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalEffector SOMA:FunctionalPart) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalEffector ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf() )) - -# Class: (Physical quality) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalQuality "Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalQuality "Physical quality") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalQuality ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalQuality ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - -# Class: (Prehensile effector) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrehensileEffector "An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrehensileEffector "Prehensile effector") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileEffector SOMA:PhysicalEffector) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Protector "A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Protector SOMA:Restrictor) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Purification "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification SOMA:Variability) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Clean ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Cleanliness))))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Purification ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger ObjectAllValuesFrom( ))) - -# Class: (Quality transition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:QualityTransition "todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it...") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:QualityTransition "Quality transition"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:QualityTransition ) - -# Class: (Recipent role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RecipientRole "A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RecipientRole "Recipent role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RecipientRole SOMA:BeneficiaryRole) - -# Class: (Red color) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RedColor "A color region with dominant red color.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RedColor "Red color") -SubClassOf(SOMA:RedColor SOMA:ColorRegion) - -# Class: (Relation adjacent role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole "A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole "Relation adjacent role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole ) - -# Class: (Relatum role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelatumRole "Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelatumRole "Relatum role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RelatumRole SOMA:SpatialRelationRole) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RelatumRole ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Relevant part) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RelevantPart "Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RelevantPart "Relevant part"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RelevantPart SOMA:Feature) - -# Class: (Resource role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ResourceRole "A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. +In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms. + + + + #hasShapeScale + has shape scale + + + + #isChildLinkOf + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. + + + + #isChildLinkOf + is child link of + + + + #isEndLinkOf + Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. + + + + #isEndLinkOf + is end link of + + + + #isJointLimitOf + Relates a joint to its physical limits. + + + + #isJointLimitOf + is joint limit of + + + + #isJointStateOf + Relates a joint to its state. + + + + #isJointStateOf + is joint state of + + + + #isLinkOf + Relates an object to its kinematic components. + + + + #isLinkOf + is link of + + + + #isMassAttributeOf + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + + + + #isMassAttributeOf + is mass attribute of + + + + #isNetForceOf + A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. + + + + #isNetForceOf + is net force of + + + + #isParentLinkOf + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. + + + + #isParentLinkOf + is parent link of + + + + #isRootLinkOf + Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. + + + + #isRootLinkOf + is root link of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Accessor + A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AestheticDesign + A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. + +Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AestheticDesign + Aesthetic Design + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Affordance + A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AgentRole + A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. + +The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AgentRole + Agent role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlteredObject + An object undergoing modifications. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlteredObject + Altered object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Appliance + A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arm + A limb used to reach for objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AvoidedObject + An object that is avoided. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AvoidedObject + Avoided object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Barrier + A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BeneficiaryRole + A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BeneficiaryRole + Beneficiary role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Blockage + The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BlockedObject + An object that is blocked from accessing something. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BlockedObject + Blocked object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BoxShape + A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BoxShape + Box shape + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Capacity + The maximum amount an object can contain. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausalEventRole + A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. + +As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket." In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the "by hitting it with the racket" constituent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausalEventRole + Causal event role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausativeRole + A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. + +The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausativeRole + Causative role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CircularCylinder + A cylinder figure with circular cross section. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CircularCylinder + Circular cylinder + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Clean + A cleanliness region with values considered as clean. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cleanliness + The quality of being clean. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CleanlinessRegion + Encodes the cleanliness of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CleanlinessRegion + Cleanliness region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Color + The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Color + Color + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ColorRegion + Encodes the color of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ColorRegion + Color region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommitedObject + An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommitedObject + Commited object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Composing + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConnectedObject + An object that is combined with another object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConnectedObject + Connected object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Connectivity + The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Container + A role classifying an object used to contain others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Containment + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cover + An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Coverage + The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveredObject + An object that is covered. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveredObject + Covered object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CreatedObject + An object that is created. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CreatedObject + Created object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CylinderShape + A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CylinderShape + Cylinder shape + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DependentPlace + A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DependentPlace + Dependent place + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deposit + A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DepositedObject + An object placed ontop of another one. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DepositedObject + Deposited object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deposition + The disposition to support objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedComponent + An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedComponent + Designed component + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedContainer + An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedContainer + Designed container + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedFurniture + An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedFurniture + Designed furniture + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedTool + An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedTool + Designed tool + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destination + A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DestroyedObject + An object that is detroyed. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DestroyedObject + Destroyed object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DetectedObject + An object that is detected. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DetectedObject + Detected object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceState + A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceStateRange + This class defines the values that a device state can take. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceStateRange + Device state range + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOff + A value indicating a device is not in operation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOff + Device turned off + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOn + A value indicating a device is in operation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOn + Device turned on + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dirty + A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Disposition + The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Disposition + extrinsic + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Effort + A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EnclosedObject + An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EnclosedObject + Enclosed object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Enclosing + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole + A role classifying a participant in an event. + +In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole + Event adjacent role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole + Thematic role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExistingObjectRole + A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). + +The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExistingObjectRole + Existing object role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExperiencerRole + A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExperiencerRole + Experiencer role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExtractedObject + An object that is removed from a container or system. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExtractedObject + Extracted object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Extrinsic + A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Feature + Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Finger + A limb used for grasping objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FrictionAttribute + The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FrictionAttribute + Friction attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalDesign + The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalDesign + Functional Design + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalPart + Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalPart + Functional part + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GoalRole + A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GoalRole + Goal role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Graspability + The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GreenColor + A color region with dominant green color. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GreenColor + Green color + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Gripper + A mechanical device that grasps and holds things. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Hand + A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion + The relation between an individual quality and a region. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion + todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Head + A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Impediment + The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncludedObject + An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncludedObject + Included object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InsertedObject + An object inserted into another object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InsertedObject + Inserted object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Insertion + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Instrument + An object used to carry out the event. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Intrinsic + A physical quality that is independent of context. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Intrinsic + intrinsic + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Item + A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KineticFrictionAttribute + Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KineticFrictionAttribute + Kinetic friction attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leg + A limb on which an agent walks or stands. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Limb + An arm or leg of an embodied agent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Linkage + The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkedObject + An object that is linked to some other object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkedObject + Linked object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Localization + The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Location + A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocatumRole + Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocatumRole + Locatum role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MassAttribute + The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MassAttribute + Mass attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Material + The matter from which a thing is made. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShape + A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShape + Mesh shape + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovedObject + An object undergoing location change. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovedObject + Moved object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Obstacle + An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Origin + A role classifying the location where an event or object originated. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PathRole + A role that classifies the path of a motion. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PathRole + Path role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Patient + A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalEffector + A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalEffector + Physical effector + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalQuality + Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalQuality + Physical quality + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileEffector + An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileEffector + Prehensile effector + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Protector + A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Purification + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QualityTransition + todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QualityTransition + Quality transition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RecipientRole + A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RecipientRole + Recipent role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RedColor + A color region with dominant red color. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RedColor + Red color + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelationAdjacentRole + A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelationAdjacentRole + Relation adjacent role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelatumRole + Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelatumRole + Relatum role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelevantPart + Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelevantPart + Relevant part + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResourceRole + A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. Resources are usually not agentive; a different set of roles classifies the agentive participants in actions. Likewise, typically resources do not play causative or goal roles for the event. -Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ResourceRole "Resource role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ResourceRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) - -# Class: (Restricted object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RestrictedObject "An object with restrictions to access something.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RestrictedObject "Restricted object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RestrictedObject SOMA:BlockedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Restrictor "A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Restrictor SOMA:Instrument) - -# Class: (Result role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ResultRole "A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ResultRole "Result role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ResultRole SOMA:GoalRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Room "Space that can be occupied or where something can be done.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Room ) - -# Class: (Room surface) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoomSurface "The surface of a room.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoomSurface "Room surface"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RoomSurface SOMA:Surface) - -# Class: (Selected object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SelectedObject "An object chosen as the result of some selection task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SelectedObject "Selected object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SelectedObject ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Setpoint "Classifies some dedicated goal region.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Setpoint ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shape "The external form, contours, or outline of an object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape SOMA:Intrinsic) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ShapeRegion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shape ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ShapeRegion)) - -# Class: (Shape region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ShapeRegion "Encodes the shape of an object. - -Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ShapeRegion "Shape region") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapeRegion ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapeRegion ObjectMaxCardinality(1 SOMA:hasSpaceRegion )) - -# Class: (Shaped object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ShapedObject "An object undergoing shape change.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ShapedObject "Shaped object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject SOMA:AlteredObject) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:describesQuality SOMA:Shape))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ShapedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Shape))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shaping "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping SOMA:Variability) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Shape))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shaping ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:ShapedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Sharpness "The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Sharpness SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Shifting "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting SOMA:Variability) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Localization))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Shifting ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:MovedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Size "The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Size SOMA:Intrinsic) - -# Class: (Social quality) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialQuality "Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SocialQuality "Social quality") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialQuality ) - -# Class: (Source material role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SourceMaterialRole "A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SourceMaterialRole "Source material role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SourceMaterialRole SOMA:ResourceRole) - -# Class: (Spatial relation role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SpatialRelationRole "Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SpatialRelationRole "Spatial relation role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SpatialRelationRole SOMA:RelationAdjacentRole) - -# Class: (Spatio-temporal role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole "Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole "Spatio-temporal role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole SOMA:EventAdjacentRole) - -# Class: (Sphere shape) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SphereShape "A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SphereShape "Sphere shape") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SphereShape SOMA:ShapeRegion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SphereShape DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasRadius xsd:float)) - -# Class: (Static friction attribute) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute "Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute "Static friction attribute") -SubClassOf(SOMA:StaticFrictionAttribute SOMA:FrictionAttribute) - -# Class: (Stimulus role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StimulusRole "A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StimulusRole "Stimulus role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StimulusRole SOMA:CausativeRole) - -# Class: (Structural Design) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StructuralDesign "A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. - ") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StructuralDesign "Structural Design") -SubClassOf(SOMA:StructuralDesign ) - -# Class: (Supported object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportedObject "An object that is supported by some supporter.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportedObject "Supported object"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportedObject SOMA:ConnectedObject) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Supporter "A role classifying an object used to support others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Supporter SOMA:Restrictor) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Surface "The outside part or uppermost layer of something.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Surface ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Temperature "The heat present in an object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature SOMA:Intrinsic) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Temperature ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:TemperatureRegion)) - -# Class: (Temperature region) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TemperatureRegion "Encodes the temperature of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TemperatureRegion "Temperature region"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TemperatureRegion ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tempering "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Tempering SOMA:Variability) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Tempering ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsSetpoint ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Temperature))) - -# Class: (Time role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TimeRole "A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TimeRole "Time role"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TimeRole SOMA:SpatioTemporalRole) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tool "A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Tool SOMA:Instrument) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Transient "Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. +Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResourceRole + Resource role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RestrictedObject + An object with restrictions to access something. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RestrictedObject + Restricted object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Restrictor + A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResultRole + A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResultRole + Result role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Room + Space that can be occupied or where something can be done. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoomSurface + The surface of a room. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoomSurface + Room surface + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectedObject + An object chosen as the result of some selection task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectedObject + Selected object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Setpoint + Classifies some dedicated goal region. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shape + The external form, contours, or outline of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapeRegion + Encodes the shape of an object. + +Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapeRegion + Shape region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapedObject + An object undergoing shape change. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapedObject + Shaped object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shaping + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Sharpness + The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shifting + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Size + The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialQuality + Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialQuality + Social quality + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourceMaterialRole + A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourceMaterialRole + Source material role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatialRelationRole + Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatialRelationRole + Spatial relation role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatioTemporalRole + Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatioTemporalRole + Spatio-temporal role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SphereShape + A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SphereShape + Sphere shape + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StaticFrictionAttribute + Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StaticFrictionAttribute + Static friction attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StimulusRole + A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StimulusRole + Stimulus role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StructuralDesign + A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StructuralDesign + Structural Design + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportedObject + An object that is supported by some supporter. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportedObject + Supported object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Supporter + A role classifying an object used to support others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Surface + The outside part or uppermost layer of something. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Temperature + The heat present in an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TemperatureRegion + Encodes the temperature of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TemperatureRegion + Temperature region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tempering + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TimeRole + A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TimeRole + Time role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tool + A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transient + Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. A prototypical example is making a pancake on a heater. When PancakeMix is put on the hot plate, it ceases to be PancakeMix-- already, the chemical structure of the substance gets altered-- however it is only after sufficient heating that this object becomes a Pancake. @@ -2097,40 +5086,772 @@ Transients are the objects undergoing such change processes; they are no longer Instead, a Transient transitionsFrom some initial Object that was fed into a change Process. Typically, a Transient may transitionTo some resulting Object (though not always, some processes simply destroy objects). -It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Transient ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Transient ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:transitionsFrom )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Variability "The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability SOMA:Disposition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsBearer SOMA:Tool)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Variability ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:affordsTrigger SOMA:AlteredObject)) - -# Class: (3D position) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A point in three dimensional space, given as translation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "3D position"@en) -SubClassOf( ) -SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string)) - -# Class: (6D pose) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "6D pose"@en) -SubClassOf( ) -SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPositionData xsd:string)) +It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Variability + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefines + A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefines + affordance defines + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefinesTask + A relation between an Affordance and a Task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefinesTask + affordance defines task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsBearer + Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsBearer + affords bearer + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsConcept + A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsConcept + affords concept + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsSetpoint + Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsSetpoint + affords setpoint + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTask + Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTask + affords task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTrigger + Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTrigger + affords trigger + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#containsObject + A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#containsObject + contains object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesBearer + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesBearer + defines bearer + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParameter + A relation between a description and a parameter. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParameter + defines parameter + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesSetpoint + Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesSetpoint + defines setpoint + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesTrigger + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesTrigger + defines trigger + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#describesQuality + Relates a description to a quality that it describes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#describesQuality + describes quality + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAlterationResult + Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAlterationResult + has alteration result + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColor + Relates an object to its color quality. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColor + has color + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColorValue + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColorValue + has color value + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDepth + The depth of a shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDepth + has depth + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDesign + Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDesign + has design + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDisposition + Associates an object to one of its dispositions. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDisposition + has disposition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFeature + Associates a physical object to one of its features. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFeature + has feature + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFilePath + Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFilePath + has file path + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionAttribute + A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionAttribute + has friction attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionValue + The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionValue + has friction value + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHSVValue + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHSVValue + has hsv value + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHeight + The height of a shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHeight + has height + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLength + The length of a shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLength + has length + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLocalization + Relates an object to its localization quality. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLocalization + has localization + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassAttribute + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassAttribute + has mass attribute + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassValue + The mass value of a physical object in kilogram. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassValue + has mass value + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPositionData + Associates a spatial region to a position. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPositionData + has position data + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasQuale + Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasQuale + has quale + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRGBValue + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRGBValue + has rgb value + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRadius + The radius of a circular or oval shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRadius + has radius + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasReferenceFrame + Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasReferenceFrame + has reference frame + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShape + Relates an object to its shape quality. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShape + has shape + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeParameter + Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeParameter + has shape parameter + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeRegion + A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeRegion + has shape region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceParameter + Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceParameter + has space parameter + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceRegion + Relates an entity to a space region. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceRegion + has space region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasWidth + The width of a shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasWidth + has width + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#involvesEffector + Effector participation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#involvesEffector + involves effector + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAlterationResultOf + Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAlterationResultOf + is alteration result of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerAffordedBy + Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerAffordedBy + is bearer afforded by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerDefinedIn + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerDefinedIn + is bearer defined in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isColorOf + Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isColorOf + is color of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isConceptAffordedBy + A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isConceptAffordedBy + is concept afforded by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDefinedInAffordance + A relation between a Concept and an Affordance. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDefinedInAffordance + is defined in affordance + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDepositOf + A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDepositOf + is deposit of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDesignOf + Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDesignOf + is design of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDispositionOf + Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDispositionOf + is disposition of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isEffectorInvolvedIn + Effector participation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isEffectorInvolvedIn + is effector involved in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isFeatureOf + Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isFeatureOf + is feature of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInsideOf + A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInsideOf + is inside of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLinkedTo + A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLinkedTo + is linked to + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLocalizationOf + Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLocalizationOf + is localization of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isOntopOf + A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isOntopOf + is ontop of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isParameterDefinedIn + A relation between a description and a parameter. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isParameterDefinedIn + is parameter defined in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPhysicallyContainedIn + A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPhysicallyContainedIn + is physically contained in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualeOf + Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualeOf + is quale of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualityDescribedBy + Relates a description to a quality it describes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualityDescribedBy + is quality described by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointAffordedBy + Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointAffordedBy + is setpoint afforded by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointDefinedIn + Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointDefinedIn + is setpoint defined in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeOf + Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeOf + is shape of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeRegionOf + Relates a shape to a physical object that has it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeRegionOf + is shape region of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSpaceRegionFor + Relates a space region to an entity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSpaceRegionFor + is space region for + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy + Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy + is supported by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskAffordedBy + Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskAffordedBy + is task afforded by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskDefinedInAffordance + A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskDefinedInAffordance + is task defined in affordance + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerAffordedBy + Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerAffordedBy + is trigger afforded by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerDefinedIn + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerDefinedIn + is trigger defined in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#supports + Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsBack + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsBack + transitions back + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsFrom + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsFrom + transitions from + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsTo + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsTo + transitions to + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#3DPosition + A point in three dimensional space, given as translation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#3DPosition + 3D position + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#6DPose + A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#6DPose + 6D pose + + + + + + -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isBearerDefinedIn ) SOMA:isBearerAffordedBy) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isDefinedInAffordance ) SOMA:isConceptAffordedBy) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isSetpointDefinedIn ) SOMA:isSetpointAffordedBy) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isTaskDefinedInAffordance ) SOMA:isTaskAffordedBy) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain(SOMA:isTriggerDefinedIn ) SOMA:isTriggerAffordedBy) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:affordanceDefines) SOMA:affordsConcept) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:affordanceDefinesTask) SOMA:affordsTask) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesBearer) SOMA:affordsBearer) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesSetpoint) SOMA:affordsSetpoint) -SubObjectPropertyOf(ObjectPropertyChain( SOMA:definesTrigger) SOMA:affordsTrigger) -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl index b0626a37..da99e88f 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl @@ -1,475 +1,1210 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Agonist)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Alteration)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AlteredObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Antagonist)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Approaching)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BodyMovement)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Boiling)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ChemicalProcess)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Collision)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CreatedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Creation)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Deformation)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DestroyedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Destruction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DirectedMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Driving)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fluid)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FluidFlow)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Flying)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ForceInteraction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:GraspingMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:HeadMovement)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:HeadTurning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Leaning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Limb)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LimbMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Locomotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Motion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MovingAway)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhaseTransition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalEffector)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicsProcess)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PosturalMoving)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PowerGrasp)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrecisionGrasp)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileEffector)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PrehensileMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PreservativeInteraction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProcessFlow)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProcessType)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Progression)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ReleasingMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Rubbing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ShapedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Standing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Swimming)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Tapping)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Taxis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Turning)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:UndirectedMotion)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Vaporizing)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Walking)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesProcess)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasProcessType)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSupportedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:supports)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (defines process) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesProcess "A relation between a description and a process type.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:definesProcess "defines process") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesProcess ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesProcess ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:ProcessType) - -# Object Property: (has process type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasProcessType "A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasProcessType "has process type") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasProcessType ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasProcessType SOMA:isProcessTypeOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasProcessType ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasProcessType SOMA:ProcessType) - -# Object Property: (interacts with) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:interactsWith "A relation between objects that interact with each other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:interactsWith "interacts with") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:interactsWith ) -SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:interactsWith ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:interactsWith ) - -# Object Property: (is process defined in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn "A relation between a process type and a description that defines it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn "is process defined in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn SOMA:ProcessType) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isProcessDefinedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is process type of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isProcessTypeOf "A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isProcessTypeOf "is process type of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:ProcessType) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ) - -# Object Property: (is supported by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSupportedBy "A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSupportedBy "is supported by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSupportedBy SOMA:interactsWith) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:supports "A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:supports SOMA:interactsWith) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Agonist "A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Agonist SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Alteration "A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Alteration SOMA:ProcessType) - -# Class: (Alterative interaction) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AlterativeInteraction "A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AlterativeInteraction "Alterative interaction") -SubClassOf(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:ForceInteraction) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:PreservativeInteraction) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Antagonist "A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Antagonist SOMA:Patient) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Approaching "A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Approaching SOMA:Locomotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BodyMovement "Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. - -As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:BodyMovement SOMA:Motion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BodyMovement ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ) ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Boiling "In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Boiling SOMA:Vaporizing) - -# Class: (Chemical process) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ChemicalProcess "A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. - -In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ChemicalProcess "Chemical process") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ChemicalProcess ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Collision "A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Collision SOMA:ProcessType) - -# Class: (Creation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Creation "A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Creation "Creation") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Creation SOMA:ProcessType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Creation ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:CreatedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Deformation "A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Agonist + A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Alteration + A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlterativeInteraction + A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlterativeInteraction + Alterative interaction + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Antagonist + A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching + A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement + Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. + +As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Boiling + In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ChemicalProcess + A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. + +In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ChemicalProcess + Chemical process + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Collision + A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Creation + A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. + +Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Creation + Creation + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deformation + A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. Note, changes of shape may be self-caused; for example, a gas will naturally disperse. This however would be a different type of process (Dispersion). -A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deformation SOMA:Alteration) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Deformation ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:ShapedObject)) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Deformation SOMA:FluidFlow) - -# Class: (Destruction) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Destruction "A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:Destruction "Destruction") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Destruction SOMA:ProcessType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Destruction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:DestroyedObject)) - -# Class: (Directed motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DirectedMotion "A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DirectedMotion "Directed motion") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DirectedMotion SOMA:Motion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:DirectedMotion SOMA:UndirectedMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Driving "A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Locomotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Flying) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Swimming) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Driving SOMA:Walking) - -# Class: (Fluid flow) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FluidFlow "A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. - -An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. ") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FluidFlow "Fluid flow") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FluidFlow SOMA:Motion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FluidFlow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:MovedObject)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Flying "A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Locomotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Swimming) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Flying SOMA:Walking) - -# Class: (Force interaction) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ForceInteraction "Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the \"stronger entity\".") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ForceInteraction "Force interaction") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:ForceInteraction "Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley.") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:AlterativeInteraction SOMA:PreservativeInteraction)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction SOMA:ProcessType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:Agonist)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ForceInteraction ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf SOMA:Antagonist)) - -# Class: (Grasping motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:GraspingMotion "A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:GraspingMotion "Grasping motion") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:GraspingMotion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:ReleasingMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadMovement "The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadMovement "todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the \"Directed\"/\"Undirected motion\" categories.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:HeadMovement SOMA:BodyMovement) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HeadTurning "A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:HeadTurning SOMA:HeadMovement) - -# Class: (Intermediate grasp) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IntermediateGrasp "A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IntermediateGrasp "Intermediate grasp") -SubClassOf(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PowerGrasp) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:IntermediateGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Leaning "An Agent pitches its body in some direction.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Leaning SOMA:PosturalMoving) - -# Class: (Limb motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LimbMotion "An Agent moves its limbs in some way.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LimbMotion "Limb motion") -SubClassOf(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LimbMotion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:Limb)))) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:Locomotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:LimbMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Locomotion "Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. +A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destruction + A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. + +Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destruction + Destruction + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DirectedMotion + A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DirectedMotion + Directed motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Driving + A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FluidFlow + A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. + +An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FluidFlow + Fluid flow + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Flying + A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction + Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the "stronger entity". + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction + Force interaction + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction + Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspingMotion + A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspingMotion + Grasping motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement + The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement + todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the "Directed"/"Undirected motion" categories. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning + A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IntermediateGrasp + A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IntermediateGrasp + Intermediate grasp + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning + An Agent pitches its body in some direction. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LimbMotion + An Agent moves its limbs in some way. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LimbMotion + Limb motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion + Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. Navigation is about reaching some goal. -Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Locomotion "The Agent repositions their body in the environment.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:BodyMovement) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Locomotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Motion "An EventType that classifies motion Processes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Motion "Motion type") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Motion SOMA:ProcessType) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MovingAway "A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MovingAway SOMA:Locomotion) - -# Class: (Phase transition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhaseTransition "An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhaseTransition "Phase transition") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:PhaseTransition "The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the \"jamming transition\", and sometimes \"phase transitions\" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. - -In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhaseTransition SOMA:Alteration) - -# Class: (Physical process) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicsProcess "A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicsProcess "Physical process") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicsProcess ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicsProcess ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PosturalMoving "The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. - -Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PosturalMoving SOMA:BodyMovement) - -# Class: (Power grasp) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PowerGrasp "An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PowerGrasp "Power grasp") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:PowerGrasp SOMA:PrecisionGrasp) - -# Class: (Precision grasp) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrecisionGrasp "An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrecisionGrasp "Precision grasp") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PrecisionGrasp SOMA:GraspingMotion) - -# Class: (Prehensile motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PrehensileMotion "A motion of a prehensile effector.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PrehensileMotion "Prehensile motion") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:PrehensileMotion ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:GraspingMotion SOMA:ReleasingMotion)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileMotion SOMA:DirectedMotion) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PrehensileMotion ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:MovedObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:PrehensileEffector)))) - -# Class: (Preservative interaction) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PreservativeInteraction "A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PreservativeInteraction "Preservative interaction") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PreservativeInteraction SOMA:ForceInteraction) - -# Class: (Process flow) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProcessFlow "A description that structures a Process.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProcessFlow "Process flow") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessFlow ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessFlow ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:definesProcess SOMA:ProcessType)) - -# Class: (Process type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProcessType "An EventType that classifies Processes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProcessType "Process type") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:ProcessType)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProcessType ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Progression "A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time.") -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:Progression ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ProcessFlow)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Progression ) - -# Class: (Releasing motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ReleasingMotion "A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ReleasingMotion "Releasing motion") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ReleasingMotion SOMA:PrehensileMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Rubbing "The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Rubbing SOMA:DirectedMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Standing "A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Standing SOMA:PosturalMoving) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Swimming "A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Swimming SOMA:Locomotion) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Swimming SOMA:Walking) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Tapping "A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Tapping SOMA:DirectedMotion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Taxis "An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Taxis SOMA:BodyMovement) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Turning "A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Turning SOMA:PosturalMoving) - -# Class: (Undirected motion) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UndirectedMotion "A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:UndirectedMotion "Undirected motion") -SubClassOf(SOMA:UndirectedMotion SOMA:Motion) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Vaporizing "Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:Vaporizing "Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Vaporizing SOMA:PhaseTransition) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Vaporizing ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isProcessTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:AlteredObject ObjectAllValuesFrom( )))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Walking "An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Walking SOMA:Locomotion) +Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion + The Agent repositions their body in the environment. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Motion + An EventType that classifies motion Processes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Motion + Motion type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway + A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition + An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition + Phase transition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition + The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the "jamming transition", and sometimes "phase transitions" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. + +In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicsProcess + A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicsProcess + Physical process + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving + The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. + +Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PowerGrasp + An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PowerGrasp + Power grasp + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrecisionGrasp + An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrecisionGrasp + Precision grasp + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileMotion + A motion of a prehensile effector. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileMotion + Prehensile motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PreservativeInteraction + A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PreservativeInteraction + Preservative interaction + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessFlow + A description that structures a Process. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessFlow + Process flow + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessType + An EventType that classifies Processes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessType + Process type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Progression + A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ReleasingMotion + A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ReleasingMotion + Releasing motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Rubbing + The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing + A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Swimming + A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tapping + A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Taxis + An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning + A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UndirectedMotion + A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UndirectedMotion + Undirected motion + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Vaporizing + Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Vaporizing + Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Walking + An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesProcess + A relation between a description and a process type. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesProcess + defines process + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasProcessType + A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasProcessType + has process type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#interactsWith + A relation between objects that interact with each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#interactsWith + interacts with + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessDefinedIn + A relation between a process type and a description that defines it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessDefinedIn + is process defined in + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessTypeOf + A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessTypeOf + is process type of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy + A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy + is supported by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#supports + A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. + + + + + + -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 5287852f..2a359a1c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -1,336 +1,939 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:AssertionTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ClausalObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CommandTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ContainmentTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ControlTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoverageTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CoveringTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CrackingTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DeclarativeClause)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ImperativeClause)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Instrument)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:InterrogativeClause)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LocutionaryAction)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MixingTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Patient)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PlacingTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ProximalTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:QueryTask)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Scene)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SchematicTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:State)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StateTransition)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportTheory)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isInitialSceneOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isTerminalSceneOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:interactsWith)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAnsweredBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isAskedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isMovedByAgent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:movesObject)) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isInitialSceneOf "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isInitialSceneOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:hasInitialScene) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:Scene) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isInitialSceneOf SOMA:StateTransition) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isTerminalSceneOf "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isTerminalSceneOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:hasTerminalScene) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:Scene) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isTerminalSceneOf SOMA:StateTransition) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:coversObject "A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree).") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:coversObject SOMA:interactsWith) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:coversObject SOMA:isCoveredByObject) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:coversObject) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:coversObject ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:coversObject ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialScene "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialScene ) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialScene) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:StateTransition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:Scene) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalScene "A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalScene ) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalScene) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:StateTransition) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:Scene) - -# Object Property: (is answered by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAnsweredBy "A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAnsweredBy "is answered by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAnsweredBy ) - -# Object Property: (is asked by) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isAskedBy "A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isAskedBy "is asked by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isAskedBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isAskedBy SOMA:QueryTask) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isAskedBy ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isCoveredByObject "A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isCoveredByObject SOMA:interactsWith) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:isCoveredByObject) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isCoveredByObject ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isCoveredByObject ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isMovedByAgent "A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isMovedByAgent SOMA:interactsWith) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isMovedByAgent SOMA:movesObject) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isMovedByAgent ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isMovedByAgent ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:movesObject "A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:movesObject SOMA:interactsWith) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:movesObject ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:movesObject ) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Assertion task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:AssertionTask "A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:AssertionTask "Assertion task"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AssertionTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) -SubClassOf(SOMA:AssertionTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:DeclarativeClause))) - -# Class: (Caused motion theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CausedMotionTheory "A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being \"He sneezed the napkin off the table.\" (Goldberg 1995) - -Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CausedMotionTheory "Caused motion theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:AgentRole)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:CausalEventRole)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CausedMotionTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory)) - -# Class: (Clausal object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ClausalObject "A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ClausalObject "Clausal object") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ClausalObject ) - -# Class: (Command task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CommandTask "A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CommandTask "Command task"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommandTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CommandTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImperativeClause))) - -# Class: (Containment theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ContainmentTheory "A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #isInitialSceneOf + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. + + + + #isTerminalSceneOf + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssertionTask + A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssertionTask + Assertion task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausedMotionTheory + A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being "He sneezed the napkin off the table." (Goldberg 1995) + +Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausedMotionTheory + Caused motion theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ClausalObject + A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ClausalObject + Clausal object + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommandTask + A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommandTask + Command task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContainmentTheory + A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. This is also known as FunctionalControlInternal in GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ContainmentTheory "Containment theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ContainmentTheory SOMA:ControlTheory) - -# Class: (Control theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ControlTheory "A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ControlTheory "Control theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ControlTheory SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoverageTheory "A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. - -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:CoverageTheory SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory) - -# Class: (Covering theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CoveringTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CoveringTheory "Covering theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CoveringTheory ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:Patient)) - -# Class: (Cracking theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CrackingTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CrackingTheory "Cracking theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CrackingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) - -# Class: (Declarative clause) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DeclarativeClause "A clause which makes an assertion or declaration.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DeclarativeClause "Declarative clause") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DeclarativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) - -# Class: (EST schema theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory "A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. - -Developmental psychology posits that \"object permanence\" (the assumption that physical objects keep existing even when the agent doesn't perceive them, which consequently informs reasoning about where an object should be, even when perception of it is lost) is a cognitive ability that is not, at least in the very young human child, immediately manifest. Rather, it seems learned via interaction, and usually is among an infant's cognitive repertoire by age 2. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContainmentTheory + Containment theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ControlTheory + A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ControlTheory + Control theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoverageTheory + A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. + +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveringTheory + A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveringTheory + Covering theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CrackingTheory + A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CrackingTheory + Cracking theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeclarativeClause + A clause which makes an assertion or declaration. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeclarativeClause + Declarative clause + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ESTSchemaTheory + A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. + +Developmental psychology posits that "object permanence" (the assumption that physical objects keep existing even when the agent doesn't perceive them, which consequently informs reasoning about where an object should be, even when perception of it is lost) is a cognitive ability that is not, at least in the very young human child, immediately manifest. Rather, it seems learned via interaction, and usually is among an infant's cognitive repertoire by age 2. In SOMA, we represent this ability of a cognitive agent as an ability to generate and maintain ESTSchemaTheories. Each instance of such a theory refers to one particular physical object, the one that the instance of the ESTSchemaTheory asserts to exist. -Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory "EST schema theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ExistingObjectRole)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ESTSchemaTheory ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - -# Class: (Executable schematic theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory "Also known as \"executing schemas\" or \"x-schemas\", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work \"Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding\" as: - -\"Executing schemas, or x-schemas, are dynamic representations motivated in part by motor and perceptual systems (Bailey 1997; Narayanan 1997), on the assumption that the same underlying representations used for executing and perceiving an action are brought to bear in understanding language about that action. The x-schema formalism is an extension of Petri nets (Murata 1989) that can model sequential, concurrent, and -asynchronous events\" - -SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. - -They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory "Executable schematic theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory SOMA:SchematicTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:AgentRole)) - -# Class: (Functional spatial schema theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory "The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory "Functional spatial schema theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:LocatumRole)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:RelatumRole)) - -# Class: (Illocutionary act) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:IllocutionaryTask "A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. - -When somebody says \"Is there any salt?\" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: \"please give me some salt\" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. - -Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:IllocutionaryTask "Illocutionary act"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:CommunicationTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectUnionOf( ))))) -SubClassOf(SOMA:IllocutionaryTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:LocutionaryAction)) - -# Class: (Image schema theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory "A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. +Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ESTSchemaTheory + EST schema theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutableSchematicTheory + Also known as "executing schemas" or "x-schemas", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work "Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding" as: + +"Executing schemas, or x-schemas, are dynamic representations motivated in part by motor and perceptual systems (Bailey 1997; Narayanan 1997), on the assumption that the same underlying representations used for executing and perceiving an action are brought to bear in understanding language about that action. The x-schema formalism is an extension of Petri nets (Murata 1989) that can model sequential, concurrent, and +asynchronous events" + +SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. + +They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutableSchematicTheory + Executable schematic theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory + The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory + Functional spatial schema theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IllocutionaryTask + A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. + +When somebody says "Is there any salt?" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: "please give me some salt" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. + +Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IllocutionaryTask + Illocutionary act + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImageSchemaTheory + A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. Image schemas are considered as fundamental, pre-conceptual, building blocks of cognition. They were introduced to characterize how human beings are believed to organize and make sense of experience. -For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory "Image schema theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory SOMA:SchematicTheory) - -# Class: (Imperative clause) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ImperativeClause "A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ImperativeClause "Imperative clause") -SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:StateTransition)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ImperativeClause ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:StateTransition)) - -# Class: (Interrogative clause) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:InterrogativeClause "A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. - -Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. \"can you close the door?\" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:InterrogativeClause "Interrogative clause") -SubClassOf(SOMA:InterrogativeClause SOMA:ClausalObject) - -# Class: (Locutionary action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LocutionaryAction "A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). - -We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action."@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LocutionaryAction "Locutionary action"@en) -EquivalentClasses(SOMA:LocutionaryAction ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:CommunicationAction ObjectSomeValuesFrom( ))) - -# Class: (Mixing theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MixingTheory "A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MixingTheory "Mixing theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Instrument)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MixingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) - -# Class: (Placing theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PlacingTheory "A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PlacingTheory "Placing theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory SOMA:ExecutableSchematicTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Destination)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PlacingTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Patient)) - -# Class: (Proximal theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ProximalTheory "An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. +For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImageSchemaTheory + Image schema theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImperativeClause + A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImperativeClause + Imperative clause + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InterrogativeClause + A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. + +Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. "can you close the door?" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InterrogativeClause + Interrogative clause + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocutionaryAction + A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). + +We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocutionaryAction + Locutionary action + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MixingTheory + A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MixingTheory + Mixing theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PlacingTheory + A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PlacingTheory + Placing theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProximalTheory + An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. It may seem that proximity is a very simple notion, requiring no sophisticated theoretical underpinnings. However, proximity is an extremely object- and purpose-dependent relation. A store next door is in a closeness relation to a person, and so is the Sun in the sky, despite the physical distances being different by several orders of magnitude. @@ -338,74 +941,132 @@ As such, a theory, i.e. a description of what a particular kind of closeness mea Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ProximalTheory "Proximal theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:LocatumRole)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ProximalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:RelatumRole)) - -# Class: (Query task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:QueryTask "A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:QueryTask "Query task"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:QueryTask SOMA:IllocutionaryTask) -SubClassOf(SOMA:QueryTask ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:InterrogativeClause))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Scene "Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:State)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Scene ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) - -# Class: (Schematic theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SchematicTheory "A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. - -Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SchematicTheory "Schematic theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SchematicTheory ) - -# Class: (Source-path-goal theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory "A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProximalTheory + Proximal theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QueryTask + A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QueryTask + Query task + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Scene + Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SchematicTheory + A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. + +Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SchematicTheory + Schematic theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourcePathGoalTheory + A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. Note: in cognitive linguistics literature, the roles of this schema are Source, Path, Goal. However, to avoid overloading some other terminology in SOMA, we renamed Source to Origin and Goal to Destination. -As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory "Source-path-goal theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Destination)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Origin)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SourcePathGoalTheory ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:PathRole)) - -# Class: (State transition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StateTransition "A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StateTransition "State transition"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasInitialScene SOMA:Scene)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasTerminalScene SOMA:Scene)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateTransition ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:ImageSchemaTheory)) - -# Class: (Support theory) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportTheory "An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is \"The bowl is on the table\". +As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourcePathGoalTheory + Source-path-goal theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateTransition + A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateTransition + State transition + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportTheory + An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is "The bowl is on the table". This is also known as FunctionalControlExternal in GUM (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportTheory "Support theory"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportTheory SOMA:ControlTheory) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf( ) - -# Class: () - -SubClassOf( ) +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportTheory + Support theory + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#coversObject + A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasInitialScene + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTerminalScene + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAnsweredBy + A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAnsweredBy + is answered by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAskedBy + A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAskedBy + is asked by + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isCoveredByObject + A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isMovedByAgent + A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#movesObject + A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move. + + + + + + -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl index 32b3882a..963d624a 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl @@ -1,183 +1,484 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) -Prefix(swrl:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() -Import() - -Declaration(Class(:ContainmentState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Configuration)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConnectedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ContactState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Container)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Containment)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalControl)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Item)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkageState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:LinkedObject)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalExistence)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:PhysicalState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Restrictor)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SocialState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StateType)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SupportState)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Supporter)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStateType)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isStateTypeOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (has state type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStateType "A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStateType "has state type") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStateType ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasStateType SOMA:isStateTypeOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasStateType ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasStateType SOMA:StateType) - -# Object Property: (is state type of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isStateTypeOf "A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isStateTypeOf "is state type of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:StateType) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: (Containment state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :ContainmentState "Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :ContainmentState "Containment state"@en) -SubClassOf(:ContainmentState SOMA:FunctionalControl) -SubClassOf(:ContainmentState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Container ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Containment))))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Configuration "A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #ContainmentState + Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object. + + + + #ContainmentState + Containment state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Configuration + A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. A configuration of the world is construed to be stable on its own. Outside disturbances may cause state transitions, and the settling into some other, self-stable configuration. Several other Description subclasses may function as Configurations. For example, a Goal is a description of a desired State. A Norm describes a State that should be maintained. A Diagnosis describes a State that causes certain symptoms etc. -Note a couple of issues here. First one relates to what \"configuration\" means; in particular, this doesn't mean a configuration that is unchanging according to any viewpoint. The analogy here is the \"macrostate\" from thermodynamics: a macrostate with two gases mixed does not mean all gas particles are motionless, but rather that the locations and movements of gas particles are such that any particle is likely to have as many neighbors of one type as the other. - -The second issue relates to what is \"outside\". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Configuration ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Configuration ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:StateType)) - -# Class: (Contact state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ContactState "Classifies States in which some objects are in contact.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ContactState "Contact state"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ContactState SOMA:StateType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ContactState ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectMinCardinality(2 ))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Containment "Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another.") - -# Class: (Functional state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalControl "Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. - -Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalControl "Functional state"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl SOMA:StateType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalControl ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) - -# Class: (Linkage state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:LinkageState "Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:LinkageState "Linkage state"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkageState SOMA:StateType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:LinkageState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:LinkedObject)) - -# Class: (Physical accessibility) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility "Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility "Physical accessibility"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility SOMA:StateType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalAccessibility ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) - -# Class: (Physical blockage) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalBlockage "Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalBlockage "Physical blockage"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage SOMA:StateType) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Item)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalBlockage ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf SOMA:Restrictor)) - -# Class: (Physical Existince) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalExistence "A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalExistence "Physical Existince"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalExistence SOMA:PhysicalState) - -# Class: (Physical state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:PhysicalState "A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:PhysicalState "Physical state") -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalState SOMA:State) -SubClassOf(SOMA:PhysicalState ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Social state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialState "A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. - -One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SocialState "Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. - -Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SocialState "Social state") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialState SOMA:State) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SocialState ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (State type) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StateType "An EventType that classifies States.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:StateType "State type"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:State)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:StateType ObjectAllValuesFrom( SOMA:StateType)) - -# Class: (Support state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SupportState "Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SupportState "Support state"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportState SOMA:FunctionalControl) -SubClassOf(SOMA:SupportState ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isStateTypeOf ObjectIntersectionOf(SOMA:Supporter ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasDisposition SOMA:Deposition))))) +Note a couple of issues here. First one relates to what "configuration" means; in particular, this doesn't mean a configuration that is unchanging according to any viewpoint. The analogy here is the "macrostate" from thermodynamics: a macrostate with two gases mixed does not mean all gas particles are motionless, but rather that the locations and movements of gas particles are such that any particle is likely to have as many neighbors of one type as the other. + +The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContactState + Classifies States in which some objects are in contact. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContactState + Contact state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Containment + Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalControl + Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. + +Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalControl + Functional state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkageState + Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkageState + Linkage state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAccessibility + Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAccessibility + Physical accessibility + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalBlockage + Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalBlockage + Physical blockage + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalExistence + A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalExistence + Physical Existince + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalState + A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalState + Physical state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState + A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. + +One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState + Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. + +Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState + Social state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateType + An EventType that classifies States. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateType + State type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportState + Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportState + Support state + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStateType + A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStateType + has state type + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isStateTypeOf + A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isStateTypeOf + is state type of + + + + + + -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl index b51c7a77..25df6585 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl @@ -1,225 +1,551 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() -Import() -Import() -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Binding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FactualBinding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:StatusFailure)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Succedence)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:TaskInvocation)) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(Class()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:hasPreviousStep)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isFirstStepOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(:isStepOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesInput)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesOutput)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:definesParticipant)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBinding)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBindingFiller)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasBindingRole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasFirstStep)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasNextStep)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPredecessor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStep)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSuccedence)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSuccessor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTask)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlanFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPriority)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation)) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask)) - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: (has previous step) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :hasPreviousStep "An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :hasPreviousStep "has previous step") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:hasPreviousStep ) -InverseObjectProperties(:hasPreviousStep SOMA:hasNextStep) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:hasPreviousStep ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:hasPreviousStep ) - -# Object Property: (is first step of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isFirstStepOf "A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isFirstStepOf "is first step of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isFirstStepOf :isStepOf) -InverseObjectProperties(:isFirstStepOf SOMA:hasFirstStep) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isFirstStepOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isFirstStepOf ) - -# Object Property: (is step of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment :isStepOf "A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label :isStepOf "is step of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(:isStepOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(:isStepOf SOMA:hasStep) -ObjectPropertyDomain(:isStepOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(:isStepOf ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesInput "The defined participant is an \"input\": - -- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; -- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesInput SOMA:definesParticipant) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesInput ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesInput ObjectUnionOf( )) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesOutput "Defines an \"output\" participant: - -- an Entity (Object or state of affairs) that exists as a result of the execution of a Task; -- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesOutput SOMA:definesParticipant) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesOutput ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesOutput ObjectUnionOf( )) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:definesParticipant "A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. - -The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:definesParticipant ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:definesParticipant ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:definesParticipant ) - -# Object Property: (has binding) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBinding "Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBinding "has binding"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBinding ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBinding ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:Binding) - -# Object Property: (has binding filler) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBindingFiller "Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. - -Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. - -Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBindingFiller "has binding filler"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBindingFiller SOMA:Binding) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ) - -# Object Property: (has binding role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasBindingRole "Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasBindingRole "has binding role"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasBindingRole ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasBindingRole SOMA:Binding) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasBindingRole ObjectUnionOf( )) - -# Object Property: (has first step) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasFirstStep "A relation from a Workflow to its first Task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasFirstStep "has first step") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasFirstStep SOMA:hasStep) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasFirstStep ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasFirstStep ) - -# Object Property: (has next step) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasNextStep "An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasNextStep "has next step") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasNextStep ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasNextStep ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasNextStep ) - -# Object Property: (has predecessor) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPredecessor "Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPredecessor "has predecessor"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPredecessor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPredecessor SOMA:Succedence) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPredecessor ) - -# Object Property: (has step) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStep "A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStep "has step") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStep ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasStep ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasStep ) - -# Object Property: (has succedence) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSuccedence "A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSuccedence "has succedence"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSuccedence ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSuccedence ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSuccedence SOMA:Succedence) - -# Object Property: (has successor) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSuccessor "Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSuccessor "has successor"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSuccessor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSuccessor SOMA:Succedence) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSuccessor ) - -# Object Property: (has task) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTask "A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasTask "has task"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTask ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTask ObjectUnionOf( )) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTask ) - - -############################ -# Data Properties -############################ - -# Data Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPriority "A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority.") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPriority ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPriority ) - - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Binding "A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #hasPreviousStep + An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another. + + + + #hasPreviousStep + has previous step + + + + #isFirstStepOf + A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow. + + + + #isFirstStepOf + is first step of + + + + #isStepOf + A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow. + + + + #isStepOf + is step of + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Binding + A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. It covers two conceptually related, but somewhat ontologically distinct situations: @@ -234,109 +560,262 @@ Note: in the second case, the Entity filling the Role/Parameter may be a Role or There is a further, orthogonal distinction made between: -- factual: the Binding is asserted to hold in the descriptive context --- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:FactualBinding)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:RoleRoleBinding)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(SOMA:hasBinding) )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasBindingFiller )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Binding ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasBindingRole ObjectUnionOf( ))) - -# Class: (Conditional succedence) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. +-- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence + A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. The condition is a conjunction of CounterfactualBindings. These bindings may be RoleRoleBindings (meaning, test whether the fillers for these Roles/Parameters are the same) or RoleFillerBindings (meaning, test whether the filler of the Role unifies with the candidate Entity). -An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence "Conditional succedence"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence SOMA:Succedence) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ConditionalSuccedence ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:CounterfactualBinding)) - -# Class: (Counterfactual binding) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:CounterfactualBinding "CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: +An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence + Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence + Conditional succedence + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CounterfactualBinding + CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: -- that two roles share a filler (RoleRoleBindings); -- that the filler of a role is a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when the filler of the role may be one of a few constants, as is the case with the execution status of a robot task. -TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:CounterfactualBinding "Counterfactual binding"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:Binding) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:CounterfactualBinding SOMA:FactualBinding) - -# Class: (Factial binding) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FactualBinding "FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: +TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CounterfactualBinding + Counterfactual binding + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FactualBinding + FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: -- task- or workflow-defined roles share fillers (RoleRoleBindings). Example, the instrument of a cutting task may be the actee of a grasping task; --- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FactualBinding "Factial binding"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FactualBinding SOMA:Binding) - -# Class: (Role filler binding) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoleFillerBinding "A binding that connects a role to a particular filler.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoleFillerBinding "Role filler binding"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:Binding) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:RoleFillerBinding SOMA:RoleRoleBinding) - -# Class: (Role role binding) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RoleRoleBinding "A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:RoleRoleBinding "Role role binding"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding SOMA:Binding) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RoleRoleBinding ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBindingFiller ObjectUnionOf( ))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:StatusFailure "A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:StatusFailure ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Succedence "A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. +-- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FactualBinding + Factial binding + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFNoContinuation + A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFNondeterministicContinuation + A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFUninterpretableTask + A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion + Has quality region + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleFillerBinding + A binding that connects a role to a particular filler. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleFillerBinding + Role filler binding + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleRoleBinding + A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleRoleBinding + Role role binding + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StatusFailure + A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Succedence + A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. Note: a successor relation implemented as an OWL object property is sometimes enough, but not in general; in particular, when there are conditions imposed on the succession. -As a result, a reification pattern was applied here.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Succedence "Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. - -Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(SOMA:hasSuccedence) )) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasPredecessor SOMA:TaskInvocation)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Succedence ObjectExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasSuccessor SOMA:TaskInvocation)) +As a result, a reification pattern was applied here. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Succedence + Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. + +Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TaskInvocation + An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the "local variables" of a larger workflow). + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TaskInvocation + Task invocation + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesInput + The defined participant is an "input": + +- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; +- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesOutput + Defines an "output" participant: -# Class: (Task invocation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TaskInvocation "An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the \"local variables\" of a larger workflow).") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TaskInvocation "Task invocation"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ObjectAllValuesFrom(SOMA:hasBinding SOMA:FactualBinding)) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TaskInvocation ObjectExactCardinality(1 )) - - -############################ -# Named Individuals -############################ - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation "A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFNoContinuation) - -# Individual: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation "A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFNondeterministicContinuation) +- an Entity (Object or state of affairs) that exists as a result of the execution of a Task; +- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParticipant + A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. + +The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBinding + Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBinding + has binding + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingFiller + Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. -# Individual: () +Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask "A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure.") -ClassAssertion(SOMA:StatusFailure SOMA:FailWFUninterpretableTask) +Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingFiller + has binding filler + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingRole + Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingRole + has binding role + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFirstStep + A relation from a Workflow to its first Task. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFirstStep + has first step + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasNextStep + An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasNextStep + has next step + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPredecessor + Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPredecessor + has predecessor + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPriority + A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStep + A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStep + has step + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccedence + A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccedence + has succedence + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccessor + Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccessor + has successor + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTask + A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time. + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTask + has task + + + + + + -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:HasQualityRegion "Has quality region"@en) -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 433eab7e..6e56950b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1,947 +1,2355 @@ -Prefix(:=) -Prefix(dc:=) -Prefix(owl:=) -Prefix(rdf:=) -Prefix(xml:=) -Prefix(xsd:=) -Prefix(SOMA:=) -Prefix(rdfs:=) - - -Ontology( -Import() - -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Accident)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Amateurish)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Answer)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Clumsiness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Episode)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FailedAttempt)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Fluid)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Foolishness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:HumanActivityRecording)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Inability)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Infeasibility)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Masterful)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Question)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:RecordedEpisode)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Reification)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Sluggishness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:State)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Status)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Successfulness)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Threshold)) -Declaration(Class(SOMA:Unsuccessfulness)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:after)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:before)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:causesTransition)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:coOccurs)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:contains)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:containsEvent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:during)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:firstMember)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasGoal)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInitialState)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasInputParameter)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasOutputParameter)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhase)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasStatus)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:hasTerminalState)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesConcept)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesRecord)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:includesSituation)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesArtifact)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:involvesPlace)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isCausedByEvent)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isContainedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInitialStateOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInputParameterFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isInputRoleOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOccurringIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isPlanFor)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:meets)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty(SOMA:starts)) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(ObjectProperty()) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasDataFormat)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventBegin)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventEnd)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasEventTime)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasIntervalTime)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasNameString)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier)) -Declaration(DataProperty(SOMA:isReificationOf)) -Declaration(DataProperty()) -Declaration(DataProperty()) -Declaration(NamedIndividual(SOMA:RDFType)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:UsageGuideline)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:nickname)) -Declaration(AnnotationProperty(SOMA:symbol)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_boolean)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_double)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_float)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_int)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_string)) -Declaration(Datatype(SOMA:array_uint)) -############################ -# Annotation Properties -############################ - -# Annotation Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:UsageGuideline "Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. - -A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource.") - -# Annotation Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:nickname "Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname.") - -# Annotation Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:symbol "An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature.") -AnnotationPropertyRange(SOMA:symbol xsd:string) - - -############################ -# Object Properties -############################ - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:after ">") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:after "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:after ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:after SOMA:before) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:after) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:after ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:after ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:before "<") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:before "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:before ) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:before) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:before ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:before ) - -# Object Property: (causes transition) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:causesTransition "A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:causesTransition "causes transition") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:causesTransition ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:causesTransition SOMA:isCausedByEvent) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:causesTransition ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:causesTransition ) - -# Object Property: (co occurs) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:coOccurs "A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. - -Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:coOccurs "co occurs") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:coOccurs ) -SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:coOccurs) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:coOccurs ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:coOccurs ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:contains "A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:contains ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:contains SOMA:isContainedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:contains ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:contains ) - -# Object Property: (contains event) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:containsEvent "di") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:containsEvent "`A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:containsEvent "contains event") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:coOccurs) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:contains) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:containsEvent SOMA:during) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:containsEvent) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:containsEvent ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:containsEvent ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:during "d") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:during "`A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:during SOMA:coOccurs) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:during SOMA:isContainedIn) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:during) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:during ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:during ) - -# Object Property: (finished by) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:finishedBy "fi") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:finishedBy "`A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in \"I finish my day by taking a shower\".") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:finishedBy "finished by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:finishedBy SOMA:coOccurs) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:finishedBy SOMA:finishes) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:finishedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:finishedBy ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:finishes "f") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:finishes "`A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in \"I finish my day by taking a shower\".") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:finishes SOMA:coOccurs) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:finishes) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:finishes ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:finishes ) - -# Object Property: (first member) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:firstMember "A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:firstMember "first member"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:firstMember ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:firstMember ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:firstMember ) - -# Object Property: (has goal) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasGoal "A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasGoal "has goal"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasGoal ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasGoal ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasGoal ) - -# Object Property: (has initial state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInitialState "A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasInitialState "has initial state") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInitialState SOMA:includesSituation) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInitialState SOMA:isInitialStateOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInitialState ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInitialState ) - -# Object Property: (has input parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInputParameter "A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasInputParameter "A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasInputParameter "has input parameter") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasInputParameter SOMA:isInputParameterFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasInputParameter ) - -# Object Property: (has output parameter) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasOutputParameter "A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasOutputParameter "A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasOutputParameter "has output parameter") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasOutputParameter SOMA:isOutputParameterFor) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasOutputParameter ) - -# Object Property: (has phase) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPhase "A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPhase "has phase") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPhase ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPhase ObjectUnionOf( )) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPhase ObjectUnionOf(SOMA:State )) - -# Object Property: (has physical component) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent "A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent "has physical component") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPhysicalComponent ) - -# Object Property: (has software agent) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent "A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent "has software agent") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasSoftwareAgent ) - -# Object Property: (has status) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasStatus "A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasStatus "has status") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasStatus ) - -# Object Property: (has terminal state) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasTerminalState "A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasTerminalState "has terminal state") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:hasTerminalState SOMA:includesSituation) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:hasTerminalState SOMA:isTerminalStateOf) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasTerminalState ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:hasTerminalState ) - -# Object Property: (includes concept) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesConcept "A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:includesConcept "includes concept") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesConcept ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesConcept SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesConcept ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesConcept ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesRecord "A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesRecord ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesRecord SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesRecord ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesRecord ) - -# Object Property: (includes situation) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:includesSituation "A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:includesSituation "includes situation") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:includesSituation ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:includesSituation SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:includesSituation ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:includesSituation ) - -# Object Property: (involves artifact) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesArtifact "Artifact participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesArtifact "involves artifact") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesArtifact SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesArtifact ) - -# Object Property: (involves place) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:involvesPlace "A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:involvesPlace "involves place") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:involvesPlace ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:involvesPlace SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:involvesPlace ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:involvesPlace ) - -# Object Property: (is artifact involved in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn "Artifact participation.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn "is artifact involved in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isArtifactInvolvedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is caused by event) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isCausedByEvent "A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isCausedByEvent "is caused by event") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isCausedByEvent ) - -# Object Property: (is concept included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn "A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn "is concept included in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isConceptIncludedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is contained in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isContainedIn "The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isContainedIn "is contained in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isContainedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isContainedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isContainedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is initial state of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInitialStateOf "A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInitialStateOf "is initial state of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInitialStateOf SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInitialStateOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInitialStateOf ) - -# Object Property: (is input parameter for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputParameterFor "A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputParameterFor "A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInputParameterFor "is input parameter for") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInputParameterFor ) - -# Object Property: (is input role of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isInputRoleOf "A relation between an input roles and its Task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isInputRoleOf "is input role of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isInputRoleOf SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isInputRoleOf ) - -# Object Property: (is occurence of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOccurrenceOf "A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOccurrenceOf "is occurence of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf SOMA:isOccurringIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOccurrenceOf ) - -# Object Property: (is occurring in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOccurringIn "A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOccurringIn "is occurring in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOccurringIn ) - -# Object Property: (is output parameter for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOutputParameterFor "is output parameter for") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOutputParameterFor ) - -# Object Property: (is output role of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isOutputRoleOf "A relation between an output roles and its Task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isOutputRoleOf "is output role of"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isOutputRoleOf ) - -# Object Property: (is place involved in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn "A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn "is place involved in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPlaceInvolvedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is plan for) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isPlanFor "A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isPlanFor "is plan for"@en) -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:seeAlso SOMA:isPlanFor "Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isPlanFor ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isPlanFor ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isPlanFor ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy "A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isRecordIncludedBy ) - -# Object Property: (is situation included in) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn "A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn "is situation included in") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn ) - -# Object Property: (is task of input role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole "A relation between a Task and one of its input roles.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole "is task of input role"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskOfInputRole ) - -# Object Property: (is task of output role) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole "A relation between a Task and one of its output roles.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole "is task of output role"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTaskOfOutputRole ) - -# Object Property: (is terminal state of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isTerminalStateOf "A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isTerminalStateOf "is terminal state of") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf SOMA:isSituationIncludedIn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:isTerminalStateOf ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:meets "m") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:meets "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:meets ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:meets SOMA:metBy) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:meets) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:meets) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:meets ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:meets ) - -# Object Property: (met by) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:metBy "mi") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:metBy "A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:metBy "met by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:metBy ) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:metBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:metBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:metBy ) - -# Object Property: (overlapped by) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:overlappedBy "oi") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:overlappedBy "A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. \"she has worked into the night\".") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:overlappedBy "overlapped by") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:overlappedBy ) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:overlappedBy SOMA:overlappedOn) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:overlappedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:overlappedBy ) - -# Object Property: (overlapped on) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:overlappedOn "o") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:overlappedOn "A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. \"she has worked into the night\".") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:overlappedOn "overlapped on") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:overlappedOn ) -AsymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn) -IrreflexiveObjectProperty(SOMA:overlappedOn) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:overlappedOn ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:overlappedOn ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:simultaneous "=") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:simultaneous "`A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal.") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:simultaneous SOMA:coOccurs) -SymmetricObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:simultaneous) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:simultaneous ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:simultaneous ) - -# Object Property: (started by) - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:startedBy "si") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:startedBy "`A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in \"I start my day with a coffee\".") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:startedBy "started by"@en) -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:startedBy SOMA:coOccurs) -InverseObjectProperties(SOMA:startedBy SOMA:starts) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:startedBy) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:startedBy ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:startedBy ) - -# Object Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(SOMA:symbol SOMA:starts "s") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:starts "`A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in \"I start my day with a coffee\".") -SubObjectPropertyOf(SOMA:starts SOMA:coOccurs) -TransitiveObjectProperty(SOMA:starts) -ObjectPropertyDomain(SOMA:starts ) -ObjectPropertyRange(SOMA:starts ) - -# Object Property: (executes task) - -SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:isOccurrenceOf) - -# Object Property: (is executed in) - -SubObjectPropertyOf( SOMA:isOccurringIn) - - -############################ -# Data Properties -############################ - -# Data Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasDataFormat "A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL.") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasDataFormat ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasDataFormat ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasDataFormat xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (has event begin) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventBegin "A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventBegin "has event begin") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventBegin SOMA:hasEventTime) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventBegin ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventBegin xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has event end) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventEnd "A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventEnd "has event end") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventEnd SOMA:hasEventTime) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventEnd ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventEnd xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has event time) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasEventTime "Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasEventTime "has event time") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasEventTime ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasEventTime ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasEventTime xsd:double) - -# Data Property: (has interval begin) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalBegin "A relation recording when some TimeInterval started.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalBegin "has interval begin") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin SOMA:hasIntervalTime) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalBegin xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has interval end) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalEnd "A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalEnd "has interval end") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd SOMA:hasIntervalTime) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalEnd xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has interval time) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasIntervalTime "Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasIntervalTime "has interval time") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasIntervalTime ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasIntervalTime ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasIntervalTime xsd:float) - -# Data Property: (has name string) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasNameString "A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:hasNameString "has name string") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasNameString ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasNameString ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasNameString xsd:string) - -# Data Property: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier "A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved.") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier xsd:string) - -# Data Property: (is reification of) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:isReificationOf "An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:isReificationOf "is reification of") -SubDataPropertyOf(SOMA:isReificationOf ) -DataPropertyDomain(SOMA:isReificationOf ) -DataPropertyRange(SOMA:isReificationOf xsd:anyURI) - - -############################ -# Datatypes -############################ - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_boolean xsd:string) - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_double xsd:string) - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_float xsd:string) - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_int xsd:string) - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_string xsd:string) - -# Datatype: () - -DatatypeDefinition(SOMA:array_uint xsd:string) - - -############################ -# Classes -############################ - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accident "An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for \"final causes\" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. - -Note a distinction between this definition and some informal, everyday uses of \"accident\" which require a causal structure and responsibility to be ascertained. An accident, in the informal sense, may require an explanation as to who made a mistake in bringing about the event; a \"traffic accident\", where we want to know who's responsible, is an example of this. - -Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Accident "also think about \"mistakes\": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Accident ) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Accident ) - -# Class: (Action execution plan) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan "Action execution plan"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:ActionExecutionPlan ObjectAllValuesFrom( ObjectSomeValuesFrom( SOMA:Status))) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Amateurish "A description of amateurish behavior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Amateurish SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Amateurish SOMA:Masterful) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Answer "A role that is played by an entity answering some query.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Answer ) - -# Class: (Behavioral diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis "A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis "Behavioral diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Clumsiness "A description of clumsy behavior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Clumsiness SOMA:Amateurish) - -# Class: (Dexterity diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis "A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis "Dexterity diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Episode "") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Episode ) - -# Class: (Failed attempt) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FailedAttempt "A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FailedAttempt "Failed attempt"@en) -SubClassOf(SOMA:FailedAttempt SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Fluid "A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Fluid ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Foolishness "A description of foolish behavior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Foolishness SOMA:Amateurish) - -# Class: (Functional diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis "An internal diagnosis of a system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis "Functional diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis ) - -# Class: (Hardware diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the hardware of a system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis "Hardware diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:HardwareDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:HumanActivityRecording "An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:HumanActivityRecording SOMA:RecordedEpisode) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Inability "A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Inability SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Infeasibility "A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Infeasibility SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Masterful "A description of masterful behavior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Masterful SOMA:DexterityDiagnosis) - -# Class: (Medical diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis "A functional diagnosis of an organism.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis "Medical diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis) -SubClassOf(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:MedicalDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Question "A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Question ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:RecordedEpisode "An episode which has been recorded.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:RecordedEpisode SOMA:Episode) -SubClassOf(SOMA:RecordedEpisode ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:includesRecord )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Reification "A description that *describes* a formal entity.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Reification ) -SubClassOf(SOMA:Reification DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:isReificationOf xsd:anyURI)) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Sluggishness "A description of sluggish behavior.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Sluggishness SOMA:Amateurish) - -# Class: (Software diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the software of a system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis "Software diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SoftwareDiagnosis SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:State "States are stative and homeomeric events. + + + + + + + + http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + #Accident + An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for "final causes" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. + +Note a distinction between this definition and some informal, everyday uses of "accident" which require a causal structure and responsibility to be ascertained. An accident, in the informal sense, may require an explanation as to who made a mistake in bringing about the event; a "traffic accident", where we want to know who's responsible, is an example of this. + +Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads. + + + + #Accident + also think about "mistakes": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually. + + + + #ActionExecutionPlan + idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans. + + + + #ActionExecutionPlan + links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure + + + + #ActionExecutionPlan + Action execution plan + + + + #Amateurish + A description of amateurish behavior. + + + + #Answer + A role that is played by an entity answering some query. + + + + #BehavioralDiagnosis + A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world. + + + + #BehavioralDiagnosis + Behavioral diagnosis + + + + #Clumsiness + A description of clumsy behavior. + + + + #DexterityDiagnosis + A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system. + + + + #DexterityDiagnosis + Dexterity diagnosis + + + + #Episode + + + + + #FailedAttempt + A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal. + + + + #FailedAttempt + Failed attempt + + + + #Fluid + A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse. + + + + #Foolishness + A description of foolish behavior. + + + + #FunctionalDiagnosis + An internal diagnosis of a system. + + + + #FunctionalDiagnosis + Functional diagnosis + + + + #HardwareDiagnosis + A diagnosis of the hardware of a system. + + + + #HardwareDiagnosis + Hardware diagnosis + + + + #HumanActivityRecording + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + #Inability + A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve. + + + + #Infeasibility + A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. + + + + #Masterful + A description of masterful behavior. + + + + #MedicalDiagnosis + A functional diagnosis of an organism. + + + + #MedicalDiagnosis + Medical diagnosis + + + + #Question + A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort. + + + + #RecordedEpisode + An episode which has been recorded. + + + + #Reification + A description that *describes* a formal entity. + + + + #Sluggishness + A description of sluggish behavior. + + + + #SoftwareDiagnosis + A diagnosis of the software of a system. + + + + #SoftwareDiagnosis + Software diagnosis + + + + #State + States are stative and homeomeric events. For stative events, the mereological sum of two instances has the same type as both instances. This is, for example, the state of sitting on a chair, or the process of a pendulum swinging around. -The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:State ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Status "A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Status ) - -# Class: (Success diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis "A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis "Success diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis SOMA:BehavioralDiagnosis) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Successfulness "A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Successfulness SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis) -DisjointClasses(SOMA:Successfulness SOMA:Unsuccessfulness) - -# Class: (Technical diagnosis) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis "A functional diagnosis of a technical system.") -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis "Technical diagnosis") -SubClassOf(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis SOMA:FunctionalDiagnosis) -SubClassOf(SOMA:TechnicalDiagnosis ObjectSomeValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Threshold "A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Threshold ) - -# Class: () - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment SOMA:Unsuccessfulness "A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system.") -SubClassOf(SOMA:Unsuccessfulness SOMA:SuccessDiagnosis) - -# Class: (Action) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal.") -SubClassOf( ObjectAllValuesFrom( )) - -# Class: (Information object) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case. + + + + #Status + A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off. + + + + #SuccessDiagnosis + A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system. + + + + #SuccessDiagnosis + Success diagnosis + + + + #Successfulness + A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system. + + + + #TechnicalDiagnosis + A functional diagnosis of a technical system. + + + + #TechnicalDiagnosis + Technical diagnosis + + + + #Threshold + A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition. + + + + #Unsuccessfulness + A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. + + + + #UsageGuideline + Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. + +A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource. + + + + #after + > + + + + #after + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. + + + + #before + < + + + + #before + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. + + + + #causesTransition + A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition. + + + + #causesTransition + causes transition + + + + #coOccurs + A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. + +Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance. + + + + #coOccurs + co occurs + + + + #contains + A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics. + + + + #containsEvent + di + + + + #containsEvent + `A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A. + + + + #containsEvent + contains event + + + + #during + d + + + + #during + `A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B. + + + + #finishedBy + fi + + + + #finishedBy + `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". + + + + #finishedBy + finished by + + + + #finishes + f + + + + #finishes + `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". + + + + #firstMember + A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection. + + + + #firstMember + first member + + + + #hasDataFormat + A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL. + + + + #hasEventBegin + A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. + + + + #hasEventBegin + has event begin + + + + #hasEventEnd + A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. + + + + #hasEventEnd + has event end + + + + #hasEventTime + Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time. + + + + #hasEventTime + has event time + + + + #hasGoal + A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals. + + + + #hasGoal + has goal + + + + #hasInitialState + A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from. + + + + #hasInitialState + has initial state + + + + #hasInputParameter + A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. + + + + #hasInputParameter + A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening. + + + + #hasInputParameter + has input parameter + + + + #hasIntervalBegin + A relation recording when some TimeInterval started. + + + + #hasIntervalBegin + has interval begin + + + + #hasIntervalEnd + A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended. + + + + #hasIntervalEnd + has interval end + + + + #hasIntervalTime + Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval. + + + + #hasIntervalTime + has interval time + + + + #hasNameString + A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity. + + + + #hasNameString + has name string + + + + #hasOutputParameter + A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. + + + + #hasOutputParameter + A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. + + + + #hasOutputParameter + has output parameter + + + + #hasPersistentIdentifier + A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved. + + + + #hasPhase + A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding. + + + + #hasPhase + has phase + + + + #hasPhysicalComponent + A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it. + + + + #hasPhysicalComponent + has physical component + + + + #hasSoftwareAgent + A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen. + + + + #hasSoftwareAgent + has software agent + + + + #hasStatus + A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation. + + + + #hasStatus + has status + + + + #hasTerminalState + A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in. + + + + #hasTerminalState + has terminal state + + + + #includesConcept + A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role. + + + + #includesConcept + includes concept + + + + #includesRecord + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject + + + + #includesSituation + A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role. + + + + #includesSituation + includes situation + + + + #involvesArtifact + Artifact participation. + + + + #involvesArtifact + involves artifact + + + + #involvesPlace + A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located. + + + + #involvesPlace + involves place + + + + #isArtifactInvolvedIn + Artifact participation. + + + + #isArtifactInvolvedIn + is artifact involved in + + + + #isCausedByEvent + A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event. + + + + #isCausedByEvent + is caused by event + + + + #isConceptIncludedIn + A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way. + + + + #isConceptIncludedIn + is concept included in + + + + #isContainedIn + The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details. + + + + #isContainedIn + is contained in + + + + #isInitialStateOf + A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began. + + + + #isInitialStateOf + is initial state of + + + + #isInputParameterFor + A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. + + + + #isInputParameterFor + A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType. + + + + #isInputParameterFor + is input parameter for + + + + #isInputRoleOf + A relation between an input roles and its Task. + + + + #isInputRoleOf + is input role of + + + + #isOccurrenceOf + A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. + + + + #isOccurrenceOf + is occurence of + + + + #isOccurringIn + A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. + + + + #isOccurringIn + is occurring in + + + + #isOutputParameterFor + A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. + + + + #isOutputParameterFor + A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. + + + + #isOutputParameterFor + is output parameter for + + + + #isOutputRoleOf + A relation between an output roles and its Task. + + + + #isOutputRoleOf + is output role of + + + + #isPlaceInvolvedIn + A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located. + + + + #isPlaceInvolvedIn + is place involved in + + + + #isPlanFor + A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task. + + + + #isPlanFor + is plan for + + + + #isPlanFor + Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step. + + + + #isRecordIncludedBy + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. + + + + #isReificationOf + An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual. + + + + #isReificationOf + is reification of + + + + #isSituationIncludedIn + A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other. + + + + #isSituationIncludedIn + is situation included in + + + + #isTaskOfInputRole + A relation between a Task and one of its input roles. + + + + #isTaskOfInputRole + is task of input role + + + + #isTaskOfOutputRole + A relation between a Task and one of its output roles. + + + + #isTaskOfOutputRole + is task of output role + + + + #isTerminalStateOf + A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended. + + + + #isTerminalStateOf + is terminal state of + + + + #meets + m + + + + #meets + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. + + + + #metBy + mi + + + + #metBy + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. + + + + #metBy + met by + + + + #nickname + Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname. + + + + #overlappedBy + oi + + + + #overlappedBy + A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". + + + + #overlappedBy + overlapped by + + + + #overlappedOn + o + + + + #overlappedOn + A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". + + + + #overlappedOn + overlapped on + + + + #simultaneous + = + + + + #simultaneous + `A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal. + + + + #startedBy + si + + + + #startedBy + `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". + + + + #startedBy + started by + + + + #starts + s + + + + #starts + `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". + + + + #symbol + An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action + The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal. + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf'") - -# Class: (Information realization) - -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:comment "In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf'") -SubClassOf( DataSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:hasPersistentIdentifier xsd:string)) -SubClassOf( DataExactCardinality(1 SOMA:hasDataFormat xsd:string)) - -# Class: (Plan) - -SubClassOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(SOMA:isPlanFor )) - - -############################ -# Named Individuals -############################ - -# Individual: () - -ClassAssertion(SOMA:Reification SOMA:RDFType) -DataPropertyAssertion(SOMA:isReificationOf SOMA:RDFType "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type"^^xsd:anyURI) +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation + realizes self information + + + + xsd:string + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -AnnotationAssertion(rdfs:label "realizes self information"@en) -) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 4f651009..1537525d 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ ontology: directory: ../../owl/ - format: functional + format: XML to-collapse: - ontology: SOMA-All out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA.owl From 7c17ec88100a575152769251d4fdde5d8700bc70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 13:53:30 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 63/92] Reset of the ontologies to the master version --- owl/DUL.owl | 9585 +++++++++++++++----------------------------- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 3449 +++++++--------- owl/SOMA-ALL.owl | 38 +- owl/SOMA-Allen.owl | 180 +- owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl | 1324 +++--- owl/SOMA-HOME.owl | 2044 +++++----- owl/SOMA-IO.owl | 319 +- owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl | 144 +- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 9428 +++++++++++++++++-------------------------- owl/SOMA-PROC.owl | 2129 +++++----- owl/SOMA-SAY.owl | 1778 ++++---- owl/SOMA-STATE.owl | 905 ++--- owl/SOMA-WF.owl | 1395 +++---- owl/SOMA.owl | 3737 +++++++---------- 14 files changed, 14283 insertions(+), 22172 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/DUL.owl b/owl/DUL.owl index 8e91795d..c581c14f 100644 --- a/owl/DUL.owl +++ b/owl/DUL.owl @@ -1,19 +1,14 @@ - - - - - - - - - The DOLCE+DnS Ultralite ontology. + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + The DOLCE+DnS Ultralite ontology. It is a simplification of some parts of the DOLCE Lite-Plus library (cf. http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DLP397.owl). Main aspects in which DOLCE+DnS Ultralite departs from DOLCE Lite-Plus are the following: @@ -31,23 +26,11 @@ Several extensions of DOLCE+DnS Ultralite have been designed: - Plans: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/PlansLite.owl - Legal domain: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/CLO/CoreLegal.owl - Lexical and semiotic domains: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/lmm/LMM_L2.owl -- DOLCE-Zero: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl is a commonsense-oriented generalisation of some top-level classes, which allows to use DOLCE with tolerance against ambiguities like abstract vs. concrete information, locations vs. physical artifacts, event occurrences vs. event types, events vs. situations, qualities vs. regions, etc.; etc. - - - - DOLCE+DnS Ultralite for SOMA - - - - 3.34 - - - - Created by Aldo Gangemi as both a simplification and extension of DOLCE and Descriptions and Situations ontologies. - - - - In 3.2, the links between instances of Region or Parameter, and datatypes have been revised and made more powerful, in order to support efficient design patterns for data value modelling in OWL1.0. +- DOLCE-Zero: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl is a commonsense-oriented generalisation of some top-level classes, which allows to use DOLCE with tolerance against ambiguities like abstract vs. concrete information, locations vs. physical artifacts, event occurrences vs. event types, events vs. situations, qualities vs. regions, etc.; etc. + DOLCE+DnS Ultralite for SOMA + 3.34 + Created by Aldo Gangemi as both a simplification and extension of DOLCE and Descriptions and Situations ontologies. + In 3.2, the links between instances of Region or Parameter, and datatypes have been revised and made more powerful, in order to support efficient design patterns for data value modelling in OWL1.0. Also, the names of the related properties have been changed in order to make them more intuitive. Furthermore, a large comment field has been added to the 'expresses' object property, in order to clarify some issues about the many interpretations. In 3.3, the relation between regions, parameters, and datatypes has been still improved. @@ -89,3598 +72,2215 @@ In 4.0, some foundational changes are introduced. - Secondly, D&S's Situation class is extracted from DOLCE top-level distinctions (it used to be a subclass of SocialObject), put as a primitive class under Entity, and not disjoint from any other class. Since we are relaxing the semantics of Situation, this change is fully compatible with previous versions of DUL. The reason for the change is that it may sound counterintuitive (as many have noticed) to assume a descriptive commitment for situations, but not for events or states. In fact, D&S provides an epistemological commitment to an ontology, independently from its foundational distinctions. A situation operationalizes that epistemology, and it is better not to put it under any foundational distinction (event, object, fluent, etc.), leaving to the designer whether to use descriptions as epistemological lenses, and so generating a situation, or not. -A consequence is that any entity, when 'framed' by (satisfying) a description, becomes a situation. We can still model entities as being in a situation's setting, and classified by a concept defined in a description. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract - Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Abstract - Abstract - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action - An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action - Action - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent - Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent - Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Agent - Agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount - A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Amount - Amount - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#BiologicalObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#BiologicalObject - Biological object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ChemicalObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ChemicalObject - Chemical object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification - A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. -In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Classification - Time-indexed classification - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection - Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. "stone objects", "the nurses", "the Louvre Aegyptian collection", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. +A consequence is that any entity, when 'framed' by (satisfying) a description, becomes a situation. We can still model entities as being in a situation's setting, and classified by a concept defined in a description. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents. + + acts for + + + + + + + + + + + The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy + + acts through + + + + + + + + + + + + + A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. +It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals. + + associated with + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + characterizes + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'. + + classifies + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. +Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. + + conceptualizes + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description + + concretely expresses + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'. + + co-participates with + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + covers + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. + + defines + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'. + + defines role + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'. + + defines task + + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. + + describes + + + + + + + + + + + + The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. + + directly follows + + + + + + + + + + + The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. + + directly precedes + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. + + executes task + + + + + + + + + + + + A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). + + expands + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. + This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. +For example, in all these cases, some aspect of meaning is involved: + +- Beehive means "a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box." (Oxford dictionary) +- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 "beehive|hive" (WordNet) +- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' +- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' +- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' +- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' +- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' +- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' +- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' +- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) + +As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. +However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. +We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. + +In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). +Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. +Still another approach is that of psychologists and cognitive scientists, which often assume that the meaning of an information object is a concept encoded in the mind or cognitive system of an agent. +A radically different approach is taken by social scientists and semioticians, who usually assume that meanings of an information object are spread across the communication practices in which members of a community use that object. +Another approach that tackles the distributed nature of meaning is assumed by geometrical models of semantics, which assume that the meaning of an InformationObject (e.g. a word) results from the set of informational contexts (e.g. within texts) in which that object is used similarly. +The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. +Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. + +These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): + +(1) Informal meaning (as for linguistic or commonsense semantics: a distinction is assumed between (informal) meaning and reference; see isAbout for an alternative pattern on reference) + - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' + - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept + - Relational meaning (as for frame semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Description + - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) + - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) + - Distributional meaning (as for geometrical models of meaning). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isFormallyRepresentedIn some (geometrical) Region (e.g. a vector space) + +(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) + - Object-level formal meaning (as in the traditional first-order logic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor (in most cases) a Set; isGroundingFor is defined in the ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/IOLite.owl + - Modal formal meaning (as in possible-world semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a Set, and which isPartOf some different instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a PossibleWorld + +This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate. + + expresses + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses + + expresses concept + + + + + + + + + + + + + Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy. + + far from + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. +It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses. + + follows + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc. + + has common boundary + + + + + + + + + + + + + The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. + + ha componente + has component + + + + + + + + + + + + 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. +A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. +Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. + + has constituent + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. + + has constraint + + + + + + + + + + + + A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion + + has location + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto). + + has member + + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. + + has parameter + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. + +Parthood should assume the basic properties of mereology: transitivity, antisymmetry, and reflexivity (propert Parthood of course misses reflexivity). +However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to adopt one of two patterns: +1) dropping asymmetry axioms, while granting reflexivity: this means that symmetry is not enforced, but permitted for the case of reflexivity. Of course, in this way we cannot prevent symmetric usages of hasPart; +2) dropping the reflexivity axiom, and enforce asymmetry: in this case, we would prevent all symmetric usages, but we loose the possibility of enforcing reflexivity, which is commonsensical in parthood. +In DUL, we adopt pattern #1 for partOf, and pattern #2 for properPartOf, which seems a good approximation: due to the lack of inheritance of property characteristics, each asymmetric hasPropertPart assertion would also be a reflexive hasPart assertion (reflexive reduction design pattern). + +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc. + + has part + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. + + has participant + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'. + + has postcondition + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'. + + has precondition + + + + + + + + + + + Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood. + has proper part + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. + + has quality + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'. + + has region + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'. + + has role + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning. + + has setting + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). + + has task + + + + + + + + + + + + The generic relation between events and time intervals. + + has time interval + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). + + includes action + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). + + includes agent + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). + + includes event + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). + + includes object + + + + + + + + + + includes part + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern. + + includes time + + + + + + + + + + includes whole + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. + + introduces + + + + + + + + + + + + Agent participation. + + involves agent + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. +A specific sentence may use common nouns with either a singular or plural reference, or it can even refer to all possible references (e.g. in a lexicographic definition): all those uses are kinds of aboutness. + +The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). +If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class. + + is about + + + + + + + + + + + + is action included in + + + + + + + + + + + + is agent included in + + + + + + + + + + + Agent participation. + + is agent involved in + + + + + + + + + + + + is characterized by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'. + + is classified by + + + + + + + + + + + + The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. + + is component of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses + + is concept expressed by + + + + + + + + + + + + A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description + + is concept used in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'. + + is conceptualized by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description + + is concretely expressed by + + + + + + + + + + + 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. +Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. +A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. +Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. +In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. + + is constituent of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). +The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity + + is constraint for + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. +E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. + + is covered by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. + + is defined in + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). +A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. + + is described by + + + + + + + + + + + + is event included in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. + + is executed in + + + + + + + + + + + A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. +Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. +An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). + + is expanded in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). +For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. +The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. + + is expressed by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. + + is introduced by + + + + + + + + + + + A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. +For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion + + is location of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'. + + is member of + + + + + + + + + + + + is object included in + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate + + is observable at + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. + + is parameter for + + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'. + + is parametrized by + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation. + + is part of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. + + is participant in + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct succession applied to situations. +E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'. + + is postcondition of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct precedence applied to situations. +E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'. + + is precondition of + + + + + + + + + + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + is propert part of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. + + is quality of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. + + is realized by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . +The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout. + + is reference of + + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. + + is reference of information realized by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'. + + is region for + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc. + + is related to concept + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any relation between descriptions. + + is related to description + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake. + + is role defined in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'. + + is role of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. + + is satisfied by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica. + + is setting for + + + + + + + + + + + + + A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. +E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role + + is specialized by + + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'. + + is subordinated to + + + + + + + + + + + + Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'. + + is superordinated to + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake. + + is task defined in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). + + is task of + + + + + + + + + + + + is time included in + + + + + + + + + + + The generic relation between time intervals and events. + + is time interval of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. +In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. +An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate + + is time of observation of + + + + + + + + + + + + A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. + + is unified by + + + + + + + + + + + + + Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics. + + near to + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. +Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc. + + overlaps + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. +For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue + + parametrizes + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. +E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. +It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. +Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses. + + precedes + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. + + realizes + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. + + realizes information about + + + + + + + + + This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About. + + realizes self-information + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom). + http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl + is in the same setting as + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. + + satisfies + + + + + + + + + + + + A partial order relation that holds between social objects. +It mainly represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept or Description and another Concept (resp. Description) that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrower in intensional interpretation. For example, the role PhDStudent specializes the role Student. +Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection. + + specializes + + + + + + + + + + + A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. + + unifies + + + + + + + + + + + A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL. + + uses concept + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. +There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): + +1) Directly assert an xsd:_ value to an Entity by using hasDataValue +2) Assert a Region for an Entity by using hasRegion, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue +3) Assert a Quality for an Entity by using hasQuality, then assert a Region for that Quality, and assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue +4) When the value is required, but not directly observed, assert a Parameter for an xsd:_ value by using hasParameterDataValue, and then associate the Parameter to an Entity by using isConstraintFor +5) When the value is required, but not directly observed, you can also assert a Parameter for a Region by using parametrizes, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue + +The five approaches obey different requirements. +For example, a simple value can be easily asserted by using pattern (1), but if one needs to assert an interval between two values, a Region should be introduced to materialize that interval, as pattern (2) suggests. +Furthermore, if one needs to distinguish the individual Quality of a value, e.g. the particular nature of the density of a substance, pattern (3) can be used. +Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world. + + has data value + + + + + + + + + + + A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. + + has event date + + + + + + + + + + + A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. + + has interval date + + + + + + + + + + Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. +More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. +Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'. + + has parameter data value + + + + + + + + + + A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height. + + has region data value + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any Entity that cannot be located in space-time. E.g. mathematical entities: formal semantics elements, regions within dimensional spaces, etc. + + Abstract + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + An Event with at least one Agent that isParticipantIn it, and that executes a Task that typically isDefinedIn a Plan, Workflow, Project, etc. + + Action + + + + + + + + + Additional comment: a computational agent can be considered as a PhysicalAgent that realizes a certain class of algorithms (that can be considered as instances of InformationObject) that allow to obtain some behaviors that are considered typical of agents in general. For an ontology of computational objects based on DOLCE see e.g. http://www.loa-cnr.it/COS/COS.owl, and http://www.loa-cnr.it/KCO/KCO.owl. + Any agentive Object , either physical (e.g. a whale, a robot, an oak), or social (e.g. a corporation, an institution, a community). + + Agent + + + + + + + + + + + + A quantity, independently from how it is measured, computed, etc. + + Amount + + + + + + + + + + Biological object + + + + + + + + + + Chemical object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the classifies relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'my old cradle is used in these days as a flower pot' isSettingFor the entity 'my old cradle' and the TimeIntervals '8June2007' and '10June2007', and we know that s satisfies a functional Description for aesthetic objects, which defines the Concepts 'flower pot' and 'flower', then we also need to know what concept classifies 'my old cradle' at what time. +In order to solve this issue, we need to create a sub-situation s' for the classification time: 'my old cradle is a flower pot in 8June2007'. Such sub-situation s' isPartOf s. + + Time-indexed classification + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any container for entities that share one or more common properties. E.g. "stone objects", "the nurses", "the Louvre Aegyptian collection", all the elections for the Italian President of the Republic. A collection is not a logical class: a collection is a first-order entity, while a class is second-order. -A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collection - Collection - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective - A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. "the nurses", "the Italian rockabilly fans". -Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Collective - Collective - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent - A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. +A collection is neither an aggregate of its member entities (see e.g. ObjectAggregate class). + + Collection + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Collection whose members are agents, e.g. "the nurses", "the Italian rockabilly fans". +Collectives, facon de parler, can act as agents, although they are not assumed here to be agents (they are even disjoint from the class SocialAgent). This is represented by admitting collectives in the range of the relations having Agent in their domain or range. + + Collective + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A SocialAgent that is actedBy agents that are (and act as) members of a Collective. A collective agent can have roles that are also roles of those agents. For example, in sociology, a 'group action' is the situation in which a number of people (that result to be members of a collective) in a given area behave in a coordinated way in order to achieve a (often common) goal. The Agent in such a Situation is not single, but a CollectiveAgent (a Group). This can be generalized to the notion of social movement, which assumes a large Community or even the entire Society as agents. -The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#CollectiveAgent - Collective agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Community - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Community - Community - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept - A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. -The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Concept - Concept - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration - A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. +The difference between a CollectiveAgent and an Organization is that a Description that introduces a CollectiveAgent is also one that unifies the corresponding Collective. In practice, this difference makes collective agents 'less stable' than organizations, because they have a dedicated, publicly recognizable Description that is conceived to introduce them. + + Collective agent + + + + + + + + + + Community + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept is a SocialObject, and isDefinedIn some Description; once defined, a Concept can be used in other Description(s). If a Concept isDefinedIn exactly one Description, see the LocalConcept class. +The classifies relation relates Concept(s) to Entity(s) at some TimeInterval + + Concept + + + + + + + + + A collection whose members are 'unified', i.e. organized according to a certain schema that can be represented by a Description. Typically, a configuration is the collection that emerges out of a composed entity: an industrial artifact, a plan, a discourse, etc. -E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Configuration - Configuration - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract - (The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Contract - Contract - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description - A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. +E.g. a physical book has a configuration provided by the part-whole schema that holds together its cover, pages, ink. That schema, based on the individual relations between the book and its parts, can be represented in a reified way by means of a (structural) description, which is said to 'unify' the book configuration. + + Configuration + + + + + + + + + (The content of) an agreement between at least two agents that play a Party Role, about some contract object (a Task to be executed). + + Contract + + + + + + + + + + + + A Description is a SocialObject that represents a conceptualization. It can be thought also as a 'descriptive context' that uses or defines concepts in order to create a view on a 'relational context' (cf. Situation) out of a set of data or observations. For example, a Plan is a Description of some actions to be executed by agents in a certain way, with certain parameters; a Diagnosis is a Description that provides an interpretation for a set of observed entities, etc. -Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Description - Description - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design - A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. +Descriptions 'define' or 'use' concepts, and can be 'satisfied' by situations. + + Description + + + + + + + + + A Description of the Situation, in terms of structure and function, held by an Entity for some reason. A design is usually accompanied by the rationales behind the construction of the designed Entity (i.e. of the reasons why a design is claimed to be as such). For example, the actual design (a Situation) of a car or of a law is based on both the specification (a Description) of the structure, and the rationales used to construct cars or laws. -While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Design - Design - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact - A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedArtifact - Designed artifact - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedSubstance - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedSubstance - Designed substance - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis - A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Diagnosis - Diagnosis - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity - Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Entity - Entity - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event - Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. +While designs typically describe entities to be constructed, they can also be used to describe 'refunctionalized' entities, or to hypothesize unknown functions. For example, a cradle can be refunctionalized as a flowerpot based on a certain home design. + + Design + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A PhysicalArtifact that is also described by a Design. This excludes simple recycling or refunctionalization of natural objects. Most common sense 'artifacts' can be included in this class: cars, lamps, houses, chips, etc. + + Designed artifact + + + + + + + + + + + Designed substance + + + + + + + + + A Description of the Situation of a system, usually applied in order to control a normal behaviour, or to explain a notable behavior (e.g. a functional breakdown). + + Diagnosis + + + + + + + + Anything: real, possible, or imaginary, which some modeller wants to talk about for some purpose. + + Entity + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any physical, social, or mental process, event, or state. More theoretically, events can be classified in different ways, possibly based on 'aspect' (e.g. stative, continuous, accomplishement, achievement, etc.), on 'agentivity' (e.g. intentional, natural, etc.), or on 'typical participants' (e.g. human, physical, abstract, food, etc.). Here no special direction is taken, and the following explains why: events are related to observable situations, and they can have different views at a same time. @@ -3713,37 +2313,37 @@ Anyway, this approach to event classification is based on the designer's ch Ultimately, this discussion has no end, because realists will keep defending the idea that events in reality are not changed by the way we describe them, while constructivists will keep defending the idea that, whatever 'true reality' is about, it can't be modelled without the theoretical burden of how we observe and describe it. Both positions are in principle valid, but, if taken too radically, they focus on issues that are only partly relevant to the aim of computational ontologies, which assist domain experts in representing a certain portion of reality according to their own assumptions and requirements. -For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Event - Event - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType - A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in) - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#EventType - Event type - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity - Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. +For this reason, in this ontology version of DOLCE, both events and situations are allowed, together with descriptions (the reason for the inclusion of the D&S framewrok in DOLCE), in order to encode the modelling needs, independently from the position (if any) chosen by the model designer. + + Event + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept that classifies an Event . An event type describes how an Event should be interpreted, executed, expected, seen, etc., according to the Description that the EventType isDefinedIn (or used in) + + Event type + + + + + + + + + Entities that are formally defined and are considered independent from the social context in which they are used. They cannot be localized in space or time. Also called 'Platonic entities'. Mathematical and logical entities are included in this class: sets, categories, tuples, costants, variables, etc. Abstract formal entities are distinguished from information objects, which are supposed to be part of a social context, and are localized in space and time, therefore being (social) objects. For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract formal entity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is an InformationObject from the viewpoint of ontology design, when e.g. implemented in a logical language like OWL. @@ -3751,2696 +2351,1067 @@ Abstract formal entities are also distinguished from Concept(s), Collection(s), For example, the class 'Quark' is an abstract FormalEntity from the purely set-theoretical perspective, but it is a Concept within history of science and cultural dynamics. These distinctions allow to represent two different notions of 'semantics': the first one is abstract and formal ('formal semantics'), and formallyInterprets symbols that are about entities whatsoever; for example, the term 'Quark' isAbout the Collection of all quarks, and that Collection isFormalGroundingFor the abstract class 'Quark' (in the extensional sense). -The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FormalEntity - Formal entity - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FunctionalSubstance - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#FunctionalSubstance - Functional substance - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal - The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Goal - Goal - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group - A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation . - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Group - Group - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity - A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. -In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity - Information Entity - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject - A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject - Information object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization - A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. +The second notion is social, localized in space-time ('social semantics'), and can be used to interpret entities in the intensional sense. For example, the Collection of all quarks isCoveredBy the Concept 'Quark', which is also expressed by the term 'Quark'. + + Formal entity + + + + + + + + + + Functional substance + + + + + + + + + The Description of a Situation that is desired by an Agent, and usually associated to a Plan that describes how to actually achieve it + + Goal + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A CollectiveAgent whose acting agents conceptualize a same SocialRelation . + + Group + + + + + + + + + A piece of information, be it concretely realized or not. It is a catchall class, intended to bypass the ambiguities of many data or text that could denote either a an expression or a concrete realization of that expression. +In a semiotic model, there is no special reason to distinguish between them, however we may want to distinguish between a pure information content (e.g. the 3rd Gymnopedie by Satie), and its possible concrete realizations as a music sheet, a piano execution, the reproduction of the execution, its publishing as a record, etc.). + + Information Entity + + + + + + + + + + + A piece of information, such as a musical composition, a text, a word, a picture, independently from how it is concretely realized. + + Information object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + true + + + A concrete realization of an InformationObject, e.g. the written document (object) containing the text of a law, a poetry reading (event), the dark timbre (quality) of a sound (event) in the execution (event) of a musical composition, realizing a 'misterioso' tempo indication. The realization of an information object also realizes information about itself. This is a special semiotic feature, which allows to avoid a traditonal paradox, by which an information is often supposed to be about itself besides other entities (e.g. the information object 'carpe diem' is about its meaning in Horace's Odes (let alone its fortune in Western culture and beyond), but also about its expression in context: 'dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero', with the sound and emotional relations that it could activate. -This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization - Information realization - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept - A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#LocalConcept - Local concept - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method - A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. -It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Method - Method - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Narrative - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Narrative - Narrative - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson - A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?' - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson - Natural person - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm - A social norm. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Norm - Norm - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object - Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Object - Object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate - An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. -It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate - Object aggregate - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism - A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organism - Organism - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization - An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Organization - Organization - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter - A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parameter - Parameter - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood - A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. +This is expressed in OWL2 with a local reflexivity axiom of the dul:InformationRealization class. + + Information realization + + + + + + + + + A Concept that isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. For example, the Concept 'coffee' in a 'preparesCoffee' relation can be defined in that relation, and for all other Description(s) that use it, the isConceptUsedIn property should be applied. Notice therefore that not necessarily all Concept(s) isDefinedIn exactly 1 Description. + + Local concept + + + + + + + + + A method is a Description that defines or uses concepts in order to guide carrying out actions aimed at a solution with respect to a problem. +It is different from a Plan, because plans could be carried out in order to follow a method, but a method can be followed by executing alternative plans. + + Method + + + + + + + + + + Narrative + + + + + + + + + + A person in the physical commonsense intuition: 'have you seen that person walking down the street?' + + Natural person + + + + + + + + + A social norm. + + Norm + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any physical, social, or mental object, or a substance. Following DOLCE Full, objects are always participating in some event (at least their own life), and are spatially located. + + Object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An aggregate of distributed objects, members of a same Collection, e.g. the stars in a constellation, the parts of a car, the employees of a company, the entries from an encyclopedia, the concepts expressed in a speech, etc. +It cannot be defined by means of an equivalence axiom, because it'd require the same Collection for all members, an axiom that cannot be expressed in OWL. + + Object aggregate + + + + + + + + + + A physical objects with biological characteristics, typically that organisms can self-reproduce. + + Organism + + + + + + + + + An internally structured, conventionally created SocialAgent, needing a specific Role and Agent that plays it, in order to act. + + Organization + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept that classifies a Region; the difference between a Region and a Parameter is that regions represent sets of observable values, e.g. the height of a given building, while parameters represent constraints or selections on observable values, e.g. 'VeryHigh'. Therefore, parameters can also be used to constrain regions, e.g. VeryHigh on a subset of values of the Region Height applied to buildings, or to add an external selection criterion , such as measurement units, to regions, e.g. Meter on a subset of values from the Region Length applied to the Region Length applied to roads. + + Parameter + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A special kind of Situation that allows to include time indexing for the hasPart relation in situations. For example, if a Situation s 'finally, my bike has a luggage rack' isSettingFor the entity 'my bike' and the TimeIntervals 'now', or more specifically '29March2021', we need to have a time-index the part relation. With Parthood, we use includesWhole and includesPart properties. This can be done similarly for other arguments of parthood, e.g. location, configuration, topology, etc. Concerning the possible property characteristics reused from mereology (transitivity, asymmetry, reflexivity), they need to be implemented by means of rules (or, in a limited way, property chains using the binary hasPart or hasProperPart properties). -A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Parthood - Parthood - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern - Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. +A key is also added to ensure identification constraints of time-indexed parthood. + + Parthood + + + + + + + + + Any invariance detected from a dataset, or from observation; also, any invariance proposed based on top-down considerations. E.g. patterns detected and abstracted by an organism, by pattern recognition algorithms, by machine learning techniques, etc. -An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Pattern - Pattern - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person - Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Person - Person - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification - A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Personification - Personification - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent - A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. -A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAgent - Physical agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact - Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . +An occurrence of a pattern is an 'observable', or detected Situation + + Pattern + + + + + + + + + Persons in commonsense intuition, which does not apparently distinguish between either natural or social persons. + + Person + + + + + + + + + A social entity with agentive features, but whose status is the result of a cultural transformation from e.g. a PhysicalObject, an Event, an Abstract, another SocialObject, etc. For example: the holy grail, deus ex machina, gods, magic wands, etc. + + Personification + + + + + + + + + + A PhysicalObject that is capable of self-representing (conceptualizing) a Description in order to plan an Action. +A PhysicalAgent is a substrate for (actsFor) a Social Agent + + Physical agent + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any PhysicalObject that isDescribedBy a Plan . This axiomatization is weak, but allows to talk of artifacts in a very general sense, i.e. including recycled objects, objects with an intentional functional change, natural objects that are given a certain function, even though they are not modified or structurally designed, etc. PhysicalArtifact(s) are not considered disjoint from PhysicalBody(s), in order to allow a dual classification when needed. E.g., FunctionalSubstance(s) are included here as well. -Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalArtifact - Physical artifact - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute - Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalAttribute - Physical attribute - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody - Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalBody - Physical body - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject - Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalObject - Physical object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace - A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PhysicalPlace - Physical place - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place - Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities ("the area close to Rome") or of pivot events or signs ("the area where the helicopter fell"), as well as identified as complements to other entities ("the area under the table"), etc. -In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Place - Place - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan - A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Plan - Plan - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution - Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#PlanExecution - Plan execution - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process - This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. -See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Process - Process - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project - A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Project - Project - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality - Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. +Immaterial (non-physical) artifacts (e.g. texts, ideas, cultural movements, corporations, communities, etc. can be modelled as social objects (see SocialObject), which are all 'artifactual' in the weak sense assumed here. + + Physical artifact + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Physical value of a physical object, e.g. density, color, etc. + + Physical attribute + + + + + + + + + Physical bodies are PhysicalObject(s), for which we tend to neutralize any possible artifactual character. They can have several granularity levels: geological, chemical, physical, biological, etc. + + Physical body + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any Object that has a proper space region. The prototypical physical object has also an associated mass, but the nature of its mass can greatly vary based on the epistemological status of the object (scientifically measured, subjectively possible, imaginary). + + Physical object + + + + + + + + + A physical object that is inherently located; for example, a water area. + + Physical place + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + Socially or cognitively dependent locations: political geographic entities (Rome, Lesotho), and non-material locations determined by the presence of other entities ("the area close to Rome") or of pivot events or signs ("the area where the helicopter fell"), as well as identified as complements to other entities ("the area under the table"), etc. +In this generic sense, a Place is a 'dependent' location. For 'non-dependent' locations, cf. the PhysicalPlace class. For an abstract (dimensional) location, cf. the SpaceRegion class. + + Place + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Description having an explicit Goal, to be achieved by executing the plan + + Plan + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Plan executions are situations that proactively satisfy a plan. Subplan executions are proper parts of the whole plan execution. + + Plan execution + + + + + + + + + This is a placeholder for events that are considered in their evolution, or anyway not strictly dependent on agents, tasks, and plans. +See Event class for some thoughts on classifying events. See also 'Transition'. + + Process + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed in relation to goals to be achieved, in order to achieve the main goal of the project. In other words, a project is a plan with a subgoal structure and multiple roles and tasks. + + Project + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any aspect of an Entity (but not a part of it), which cannot exist without that Entity. For example, the way the surface of a specific PhysicalObject looks like, or the specific light of a place at a certain time, are examples of Quality, while the encoding of a Quality into e.g. a PhysicalAttribute should be modeled as a Region. From the design viewpoint, the Quality-Region distinction is useful only when individual aspects of an Entity are considered in a domain of discourse. For example, in an automotive context, it would be irrelevant to consider the aspects of car windows for a specific car, unless the factory wants to check a specific window against design parameters (anomaly detection). -On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Quality - Quality - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region - Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. -Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Region - Region - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation - Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). +On the other hand, in an antiques context, the individual aspects for a specific piece of furniture are a major focus of attention, and may constitute the actual added value, because the design parameters for old furniture are often not fixed, and may not be viewed as 'anomalies'. + + Quality + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any region in a dimensional space (a dimensional space is a maximal Region), which can be used as a value for a quality of an Entity . For example, TimeInterval, SpaceRegion, PhysicalAttribute, Amount, SocialAttribute are all subclasses of Region. +Regions are not data values in the ordinary knowledge representation sense; in order to get patterns for modelling data, see the properties: representsDataValue and hasDataValue + + Region + + + + + + + + + Relations are descriptions that can be considered as the counterpart of formal relations (that are included in the FormalEntity class). For example, 'givingGrantToInstitution(x,y,z)' with three argument types: Provider(x),Grant(y),Recipient(z), can have a Relation counterpart: 'GivingGrantToInstitution', which defines three Concept instances: Provider,Grant,Recipient. -Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Relation - Relation - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right - A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Right - Right - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role - A Concept that classifies an Object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Role - Role - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Set - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Set - Set - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation - A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. +Since social objects are not formal entities, Relation includes here any 'relation-like' entity in common sense, including social relations. + + Relation + + + + + + + + + + + + 2 + + + + + + 1 + + + A legal position by which an Agent is entitled to obtain something from another Agent , under specified circumstances, through an enforcement explicited either in a Law, Contract , etc. + + Right + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Concept that classifies an Object + + Role + + + + + + + + + + Set + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A view, consistent with ('satisfying') a Description, on a set of entities. It can also be seen as a 'relational context' created by an observer on the basis of a 'frame' (i.e. a Description). For example, a PlanExecution is a context including some actions executed by agents according to certain parameters and expected tasks to be achieved from a Plan; a DiagnosedSituation is a context of observed entities that is interpreted on the basis of a Diagnosis, etc. Situation is also able to represent reified n-ary relations, where isSettingFor is the top-level relation for all binary projections of the n-ary relation. -If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Situation - Situation - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent - Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialAgent - Social agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject - Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. +If used in a transformation pattern for n-ary relations, the designer should take care of adding (some or all) OWL2 keys, corresponding to binary projections of the n-ary, to a subclass of Situation. Otherwise the 'identification constraint' (Calvanese et al., IJCAI 2001) might be violated. + + Situation + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any individual whose existence is granted simply by its social communicability and capability of action (through some PhysicalAgent). + + Social agent + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any Object that exists only within some communication Event, in which at least one PhysicalObject participates in. In other words, all objects that have been or are created in the process of social communication: for the sake of communication (InformationObject), for incorporating new individuals (SocialAgent, Place), for contextualizing or intepreting existing entities (Description, Concept), or for collecting existing entities (Collection). -Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObject - Social object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute - Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialObjectAttribute - Social attribute - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson - A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson - Social person - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialPerson - Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition) - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation - Any social relationship - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SocialRelation - Social relation - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion - Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpaceRegion - Space region - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpatioTemporalRegion - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpatioTemporalRegion - Spatio-temporal region - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance - Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. -In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Substance - Substance - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task - An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. +Being dependent on communication, all social objects need to be expressed by some information object (information objects are self-expressing). + + Social object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to represent some characteristic of a SocialObject, e.g. judgment values, social scalars, statistical attributes over a collection of entities, etc. + + Social attribute + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + A SocialAgent that needs the existence of a specific NaturalPerson in order to act (but the lifetime of the NaturalPerson has only to overlap that of the SocialPerson). + + Social person + Formerly: Person (changed to avoid confusion with commonsense intuition) + + + + + + + + + Any social relationship + + Social relation + + + + + + + + + + Any Region in a dimensional space that is used to localize an Entity ; i.e., it is not used to represent some characteristic (e.g. it excludes time intervals, colors, size values, judgment values, etc.). Differently from a Place , a space region has a specific dimensional space. + + Space region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Spatio-temporal region + + + + + + + + + Any PhysicalBody that has not necessarily specified (designed) boundaries, e.g. a pile of trash, some sand, etc. +In this sense, an artistic object made of trash or a dose of medicine in the form of a pill would be a FunctionalSubstance, and a DesignedArtifact, since its boundaries are specified by a Design; aleatoric objects that are outcomes of an artistic process might be still considered DesignedArtifact(s), and Substance(s). + + Substance + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An EventType that classifies an Action to be executed. For example, reaching a destination is a task that can be executed by performing certain actions, e.g. driving a car, buying a train ticket, etc. The actions to execute a task can also be organized according to a Plan that is not the same as the one that defines the task (if any). -For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Task - Task - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory - A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. -This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Theory - Theory - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation - A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation - Time-indexed relation - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval - Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeInterval - Time interval - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition - A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. +For example, reaching a destination could be defined by a plan to get on holidays, while the plan to execute the task can consist of putting some travels into a sequence. + + Task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Theory is a Description that represents a set of assumptions for describing something, usually general. Scientific, philosophical, and commonsense theories can be included here. +This class can also be used to act as 'naturalized reifications' of logical theories (of course, they will be necessarily incomplete in this case, because second-order entities are represented as first-order ones). + + Theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Situation that includes a time indexing in its setting, so allowing to order any binary relation (property) with time. + + Time-indexed relation + + + + + + + + + Any Region in a dimensional space that aims at representing time. + + Time interval + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 3 + + + + + + + 2 + + + + A transition is a Situation that creates a context for three TimeInterval(s), two additional different Situation(s), one Event, one Process, and at least one Object: the Event is observed as the cause for the transition, one Situation is the state before the transition, the second Situation is the state after the transition, the Process is the invariance under some different transitions (including the one represented here), in which at least one Object is situated. Finally, the time intervals position the situations and the transitional event in time. This class of situations partly encodes the ontology underlying typical engineering algebras for processes, e.g. Petri Nets. -A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Transition - Transition - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection - A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. "the gem stones", "the Italians". -This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called "ClassesAsValues" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TypeCollection - Type collection - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure - Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#UnitOfMeasure - Unit of measure - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow - A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Workflow - Workflow - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#WorkflowExecution - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#WorkflowExecution - Workflow execution - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor - The relation holding between any Agent, and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated'; e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which on its turm is acted for by physical agents. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsFor - acts for - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough - The relation holding between a PhysicalAgent and a SocialAgent. In principle, a SocialAgent requires at least one PhysicalAgent in order to act, but this dependency can be 'delegated', e.g. a university can be acted for by a department, which is acted for by physical agents. AKA isActedBy - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#actsThrough - acts through - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith - A catch-all object property, useful for alignment and querying purposes. -It is declared as both transitive and symmetric, in order to reason an a maximal closure of associations between individuals. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#associatedWith - associated with - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to characterize a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a _proper subset of_ a (reified) class. This is different from covers, because it refers to an interpretation the entire reified class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is characterized by the Concept 'manufactured by hand', while it gets covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#characterizes - characterizes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies - A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. the Role 'student' classifies a Person 'John'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#classifies - classifies - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes - A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a SocialObject: situations, descriptions, concepts, etc. E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created the solar-system metaphor for the atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force members share the attack plan'. -Conceptualizations can be distinguished into different forms, primarily based on the type of SocialObject that is conceptualized. Descriptions and concepts can be 'assumed', situations can be 'believed' or 'known', plans can be 'adopted', etc. (see ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/Conceptualization.owl. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#conceptualizes - conceptualizes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses - A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#concretelyExpresses - concretely expresses - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith - A relation between two objects participating in a same Event; e.g., 'Vitas and Jimmy are playing tennis'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#coparticipatesWith - co-participates with - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#covers - covers - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines - A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#defines - defines - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole - A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the role 'ingredient'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesRole - defines role - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask - A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the recipe for a cake defines the task 'boil'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#definesTask - defines task - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes - The relation between a Description and an Entity : a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#describes - describes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows - The intransitive follows relation. For example, Wednesday directly precedes Thursday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyFollows - directly follows - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes - The intransitive precedes relation. For example, Monday directly precedes Tuesday. Directness of precedence depends on the designer conceptualization. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#directlyPrecedes - directly precedes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask - A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#executesTask - executes task - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands - A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. -Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expands - expands - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses - A relation between an InformationObject and a 'meaning', generalized here as a 'SocialObject'. For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses - This is a large comment field for those who want to investigate the different uses of the 'expresses' relation for modeling different approaches to meaning characterization and modeling. -For example, in all these cases, some aspect of meaning is involved: +A full representation of the transition ontology is outside the expressivity of OWL, because we would need qualified cardinality restrictions, coreference, property equivalence, and property composition. + + Transition + + -- Beehive means "a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box." (Oxford dictionary) -- 'Beehive' is a synonym in noun synset 09218159 "beehive|hive" (WordNet) -- 'the term Beehive can be interpreted as the fact of 'being a beehive', i.e. a relation that holds for concepts such as Bee, Honey, Hosting, etc.' -- 'the text of Italian apiculture regulation expresses a rule by which beehives should be kept at least one kilometer away from inhabited areas' -- 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive' -- ''Beehive' for apiculturists does not express the same meaning as for, say, fishermen' -- 'Your meaning of 'Beautiful' does not seem to fit mine' -- ''Beehive' is formally interpreted as the set of all beehives' -- 'from the term 'Beehive', we can build a vector space of statistically significant cooccurring terms in the documents that contain it' -- the lexeme 'Belly' expresses the role 'Body_Part' in the frame 'ObservableBodyParts' (FrameNet) -As the examples suggest, the 'meaning of meaning' is dependent on the background approach/theory that one assumes. One can hardly make a summary of the too many approaches and theories of meaning, therefore this relation is maybe the most controversial and difficult to explain; normally, in such cases it would be better to give up formalizing. -However, the usefulness of having a 'semantic abstraction' in modeling information objects is so high (e.g. for the semantic web, interoperability, reengineering, etc.), that we accept this challenging task, although without taking any particular position in the debate. -We provide here some examples, which we want to generalize upon when using the 'expresses' relation to model semantic aspects of social reality. + -In the most common approach, lexicographers that write dictionaries, glossaries, etc. assume that the meaning of a term is a paraphrase (or 'gloss', or 'definition'). -Another approach is provided by concept schemes like thesauri and lexicons, which assume that the meaning of a term is a 'concept', encoded as a 'lemma', 'synset', or 'descriptor'. -Still another approach is that of psychologists and cognitive scientists, which often assume that the meaning of an information object is a concept encoded in the mind or cognitive system of an agent. -A radically different approach is taken by social scientists and semioticians, who usually assume that meanings of an information object are spread across the communication practices in which members of a community use that object. -Another approach that tackles the distributed nature of meaning is assumed by geometrical models of semantics, which assume that the meaning of an InformationObject (e.g. a word) results from the set of informational contexts (e.g. within texts) in which that object is used similarly. -The logical approach to meaning is still different, since it assumes that the meaning of e.g. a term is equivalent to the set of individuals that the term can be applied to; for example, the meaning of 'Ali' is e.g. an individual person called Ali, the meaning of 'Airplane' is e.g. the set of airplanes, etc. -Finally, an approach taken by structuralist linguistics and frame semantics is that a meaning is the relational context in which an information object can be applied; for example, a meaning of 'Airplane' is situated e.g. in the context ('frame') of passenger airline flights. + + + A Collection whose members are the maximal set of individuals that share the same (named) type, e.g. "the gem stones", "the Italians". +This class is very useful to apply a variety of the so-called "ClassesAsValues" design pattern, when it is used to talk about the extensional aspect of a class. An alternative variety of the pattern applies to the intensional aspect of a class, and the class Concept should be used instead. + + Type collection + + -These different approaches are not necessarily conflicting, and they mostly talk about different aspects of so-called 'semantics'. They can be summarized and modelled within DOLCE-Ultralite as follows (notice that such list is far from exhaustive): -(1) Informal meaning (as for linguistic or commonsense semantics: a distinction is assumed between (informal) meaning and reference; see isAbout for an alternative pattern on reference) - - Paraphrase meaning (as for lexicographic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and different instances of InformationObject that act as 'paraphrases' - - Conceptual meaning (as for 'concept scheme' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Concept - - Relational meaning (as for frame semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of Description - - Cognitive meaning (as for 'psychological' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isRealizedBy a mental, cognitive or neural state (depending on which theory of mind is assumed). Such states can be considered here as instances of Process (occurring in the mind, cognitive system, or neural system of an agent) - - Cultural meaning (as for 'social science' semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between instances of InformationObject and instances of SocialObject (institutions, cultural paradigms, norms, social practices, etc.) - - Distributional meaning (as for geometrical models of meaning). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between any instance of InformationObject and any different instance of InformationObject that isFormallyRepresentedIn some (geometrical) Region (e.g. a vector space) + -(2) Formal meaning (as for logic and formal semantics: no distinction is assumed between informal meaning and reference, therefore between 'expresses' and 'isAbout', which can be used interchangeably) - - Object-level formal meaning (as in the traditional first-order logic semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor (in most cases) a Set; isGroundingFor is defined in the ontology: http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/IOLite.owl - - Modal formal meaning (as in possible-world semantics). Here it is modelled as the expresses relation between an instance of InformationObject and an instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a Set, and which isPartOf some different instance of Collection that isGroundingFor a PossibleWorld + + + + + + + + + Units of measure are conceptualized here as parameters on regions, which can be valued as datatype values. + + Unit of measure + + -This is only a first step to provide a framework, in which one can model different aspects of meaning. A more developed ontology should approach the problem of integrating the different uses of 'expresses', so that different theories, resources, methods can interoperate. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expresses - expresses - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept - A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#expressesConcept - expresses concept - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom - Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is far from Beijing, astronomy is far from necromancy. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#farFrom - far from - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 2000 follows 1999', 'preparing coffee' follows 'deciding what coffee to use', 'II World War follows I World War', etc. -It can be used between tasks, processes or time intervals, and subproperties would fit best in order to distinguish the different uses. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#follows - follows - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary - A relation to encode either formal or informal characterizations of 'boundaries' common to two different entities: an Event that ends when another begins, two abstract regions that have a common topological boundary, two objects that are said to be 'in contact' from a commonsense perspective, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasCommonBoundary - has common boundary - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent - The hasProperPart relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent - ha componente - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasComponent - has component - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent - 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. -Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. -A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. -Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstituent - has constituent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint - A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies an Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasConstraint - has constraint - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue - A datatype property that encodes values from a datatype for an Entity. -There are several ways to encode values in DOLCE (Ultralite): -1) Directly assert an xsd:_ value to an Entity by using hasDataValue -2) Assert a Region for an Entity by using hasRegion, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue -3) Assert a Quality for an Entity by using hasQuality, then assert a Region for that Quality, and assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue -4) When the value is required, but not directly observed, assert a Parameter for an xsd:_ value by using hasParameterDataValue, and then associate the Parameter to an Entity by using isConstraintFor -5) When the value is required, but not directly observed, you can also assert a Parameter for a Region by using parametrizes, and then assert an xsd:_ value to that Region, by using hasRegionDataValue + -The five approaches obey different requirements. -For example, a simple value can be easily asserted by using pattern (1), but if one needs to assert an interval between two values, a Region should be introduced to materialize that interval, as pattern (2) suggests. -Furthermore, if one needs to distinguish the individual Quality of a value, e.g. the particular nature of the density of a substance, pattern (3) can be used. -Patterns (4) and (5) should be used instead when a constraint or a selection is modeled, independently from the actual observation of values in the real world. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasDataValue - has data value - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate - A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for an Event; a same Event can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasEventDate - has event date - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate - A datatype property that encodes values from xsd:dateTime for a TimeInterval; a same TimeInterval can have more than one xsd:dateTime value: begin date, end date, date at which the interval holds, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasIntervalDate - has interval date - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation - A generic, relative spatial location, holding between any entities. E.g. 'the cat is on the mat', 'Omar is in Samarcanda', 'the wound is close to the femural artery'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasLocation - has location - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember - A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'my collection of saxophones includes an old Adolphe Sax original alto' (i.e. my collection has member an Adolphe Sax alto). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasMember - has member - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter - A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameter - has parameter - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue - Parametrizes values from a datatype. For example, a Parameter MinimumAgeForDriving hasParameterDataValue 18 on datatype xsd:int, in the Italian traffic code. In this example, MinimumAgeForDriving isDefinedIn the Norm ItalianTrafficCodeAgeDriving. -More complex parametrization requires workarounds. E.g. AgeRangeForDrugUsage could parametrize data value: 14 to 50 on the datatype: xsd:int. Since complex datatypes are not allowed in OWL1.0, a solution to this can only work by creating two 'sub-parameters': MinimumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 14) and MaximumAgeForDrugUsage (that hasParameterDataValue 50), which are components of (cf. hasComponent) the main Parameter AgeRangeForDrugUsage. -Ordering on subparameters can be created by using or specializing the object property 'precedes'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParameterDataValue - has parameter data value - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart - A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the human body has a brain as part', '20th century contains year 1923', 'World War II includes the Pearl Harbour event'. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Plan that defines Role(s), Task(s), and a specific structure for tasks to be executed, usually supporting the work of an Organization + + Workflow + + -Parthood should assume the basic properties of mereology: transitivity, antisymmetry, and reflexivity (propert Parthood of course misses reflexivity). -However, antisymmetry is not supported in OWL2 explicitly, therefore DUL has to adopt one of two patterns: -1) dropping asymmetry axioms, while granting reflexivity: this means that symmetry is not enforced, but permitted for the case of reflexivity. Of course, in this way we cannot prevent symmetric usages of hasPart; -2) dropping the reflexivity axiom, and enforce asymmetry: in this case, we would prevent all symmetric usages, but we loose the possibility of enforcing reflexivity, which is commonsensical in parthood. -In DUL, we adopt pattern #1 for partOf, and pattern #2 for properPartOf, which seems a good approximation: due to the lack of inheritance of property characteristics, each asymmetric hasPropertPart assertion would also be a reflexive hasPart assertion (reflexive reduction design pattern). -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize hasPart for objects, events, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPart - has part - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant - A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasParticipant - has participant - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition - Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'A postcondition of our Plan is to have things settled'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition - has postcondition - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition - Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'A precondition to declare war against a foreign country is claiming to find nuclear weapons in it'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition - has precondition - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart - Asymmetric (so including irreflexive) parthood. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart - has proper part - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality - A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasQuality - has quality - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion - A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the number of wheels of that truck is 12', 'the time of the experiment is August 9th, 2004', 'the whale has been localized at 34 degrees E, 20 degrees S'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegion - has region - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue - A datatype property that encodes values for a Region, e.g. a float for the Region Height. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRegionDataValue - has region data value - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole - A relation between an object and a role, e.g. the person 'John' has role 'student'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasRole - has role - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting - A relation between entities and situations, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica hasSetting the preparation of my coffee this morning. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasSetting - has setting - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask - A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTask - has task - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval - The generic relation between events and time intervals. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasTimeInterval - has time interval - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction - A relation between situations and actions, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAction - includes action - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent - A relation between situations and persons, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesAgent - includes agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent - A relation between situations and events, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included a burning of my fingers). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesEvent - includes event - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject - A relation between situations and objects, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning included me). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesObject - includes object - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesPart - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesPart - includes part - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime - A relation between situations and time intervals, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee and had my fingers burnt' (i.e.: preparing my coffee was held this morning). A data value attached to the time interval typically complements this modelling pattern. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesTime - includes time - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesWhole - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#includesWhole - includes whole - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces - A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#introduces - introduces - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent - Agent participation. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#involvesAgent - involves agent - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout - A relation between an information object and an Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about entities that are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: dul:Collection. -A specific sentence may use common nouns with either a singular or plural reference, or it can even refer to all possible references (e.g. in a lexicographic definition): all those uses are kinds of aboutness. + + + + + + + + + + + + Workflow execution + + + + + + + + + -The isAbout relation is sometimes considered as reflexive, however this is semiotically inaccurate, because information can be about itself ('de dicto' usage, as in 'John is four character long'), but it is typically about something else ('de re' usage, as in 'John loves Mary'). -If a reflexivity exists in general, it rather concerns its realisation, which is always associated with an event, e.g. an utterance, which makes the information denoting itself, besides its aboutness. This is implemented in DUL with the dul:realizesSelfInformation property, which is used with local reflexivity in the dul:InformationRealization class. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAbout - is about - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isActionIncludedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isActionIncludedIn - is action included in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentIncludedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentIncludedIn - is agent included in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn - Agent participation. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isAgentInvolvedIn - is agent involved in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCharacterizedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCharacterizedBy - is characterized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy - A relation between a Concept and an Entity, e.g. 'John is considered a typical rude man'; your last concert constitutes the achievement of a lifetime; '20-year-old means she's mature enough'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isClassifiedBy - is classified by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf - The asymmetric isProperPartOf relation without transitivity, holding between an Object (the system) and another (the component), and assuming a Design that structures the Object. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isComponentOf - is component of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy - A relation between an InformationObject and a Concept , e.g. the term "dog" expresses the Concept "dog". For expressing a relational meaning, see the more general object property: expresses - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptExpressedBy - is concept expressed by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn - A more generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptUsedIn - is concept used in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy - A relation stating that an Agent is internally representing a Description . E.g., 'John believes in the conspiracy theory'; 'Niels Bohr created a solar-system metaphor for his atomic theory'; 'Jacques assumes all swans are white'; 'the task force shares the attack plan'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConceptualizedBy - is conceptualized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy - A relation between an InformationRealization and a Description, e.g. 'the printout of the Italian Constitution concretelyExpresses the Italian Constitution'. It should be supplied also with a rule stating that the InformationRealization realizes an InformationObject that expresses the Description - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConcretelyExpressedBy - is concretely expressed by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf - 'Constituency' depends on some layering of the world described by the ontology. For example, scientific granularities (e.g. body-organ-tissue-cell) or ontological 'strata' (e.g. social-mental-biological-physical) are typical layerings. -Intuitively, a constituent is a part belonging to a lower layer. Since layering is actually a partition of the world described by the ontology, constituents are not properly classified as parts, although this kinship can be intuitive for common sense. -A desirable advantage of this distinction is that we are able to talk e.g. of physical constituents of non-physical objects (e.g. systems), while this is not possible in terms of parts. -Example of are the persons constituting a social system, the molecules constituting a person, the atoms constituting a river, etc. -In all these examples, we notice a typical discontinuity between the constituted and the constituent object: e.g. a social system is conceptualized at a different layer from the persons that constitute it, a person is conceptualized at a different layer from the molecules that constitute them, and a river is conceptualized at a different layer from the atoms that constitute it. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstituentOf - is constituent of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor - A relation between parameters and entities. It allows to assert generic constraints (encoded as parameters), e.g. MinimumAgeForDriving isConstraintFor John (where John is a legal subject under the TrafficLaw). -The intended semantics (not expressible in OWL) is that a Parameter isConstraintFor and Entity if the Parameter isParameterFor a Concept that classifies that Entity; moreover, it entails that a Parameter parametrizes a Region that isRegionFor that Entity. The use in OWL is therefore a shortcut to annotate what Parameter constrains what Entity - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isConstraintFor - is constraint for - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy - A relation between concepts and collections, where a Concept is said to cover a Collection; it corresponds to a link between the (reified) intensional and extensional interpretations of a (reified) class. -E.g. the collection of vintage saxophones is covered by the Concept 'Saxophone' with the Parameter 'Vintage'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isCoveredBy - is covered by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn - A relation between a Description and a Concept, e.g. a Workflow for a governmental Organization defines the Role 'officer', or 'the Italian Traffic Law defines the role Vehicle'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDefinedIn - is defined in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy - The relation between an Entity and a Description: a Description gives a unity to a Collection of parts (the components), or constituents, by assigning a Role to each of them in the context of a whole Object (the system). -A same Entity can be given different descriptions, for example, an old cradle can be given a unifying Description based on the original aesthetic design, the functionality it was built for, or a new aesthetic functionality in which it can be used as a flower pot. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isDescribedBy - is described by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isEventIncludedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isEventIncludedIn - is event included in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn - A relation between an action and a task, e.g. 'putting some water in a pot and putting the pot on a fire until the water starts bubbling' executes the task 'boiling'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExecutedIn - is executed in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn - A partial order relation that holds between descriptions. It represents the proper part relation between a description and another description featuring the same properties as the former, with at least one additional one. -Descriptions can be expanded either by adding other descriptions as parts, or by refining concepts that are used by them. -An 'intention' to expand must be present (unless purely formal theories are considered, but even in this case a criterion of relevance is usually active). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpandedIn - is expanded in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy - A relation between a dul:SocialObject (the 'meaning') and a dul:InformationObject (the 'expression'). -For example: 'A Beehive is a structure in which bees are kept, typically in the form of a dome or box.' (Oxford dictionary)'; 'the term Beehive expresses the concept Beehive in my apiculture ontology'. -The intuition for 'meaning' is intended to be very broad. A separate, large comment is included in the encoding of 'expresses', for those who want to investigate more on what kind of meaning can be represented in what form. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isExpressedBy - is expressed by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy - A relation between a Description and a SocialAgent, e.g. a Constitutional Charter introduces the SocialAgent 'PresidentOfRepublic'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isIntroducedBy - is introduced by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf - A generic, relative localization, holding between any entities. E.g. 'Rome is the seat of the Pope', 'the liver is the location of the tumor'. -For 'absolute' locations, see SpaceRegion - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isLocationOf - is location of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf - A relation between collections and entities, e.g. 'the Night Watch by Rembrandt is in the Rijksmuseum collection'; 'Davide is member of the Pen Club', 'Igor is one the subjects chosen for the experiment'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isMemberOf - is member of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObjectIncludedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObjectIncludedIn - is object included in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt - A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. -In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isObservableAt - is observable at - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor - A Concept can have a Parameter that constrains the attributes that a classified Entity can have in a certain Situation, e.g. a 4WheelDriver Role definedIn the ItalianTrafficLaw has a MinimumAge parameter on the Amount 16. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParameterFor - is parameter for - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy - The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAge', and a Region, e.g. '>17 year'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParametrizedBy - is parametrized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf - A relation between any entities, e.g. 'brain is a part of the human body'. See dul:hasPart for additional documentation. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPartOf - is part of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn - A relation between an object and a process, e.g. 'John took part in the discussion', 'a large mass of snow fell during the avalanche', or 'a cook, some sugar, flour, etc. are all present in the cooking of a cake'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isParticipantIn - is participant in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf - Direct succession applied to situations. -E.g., 'Taking some rest is a postcondition of my search for a hotel'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPostconditionOf - is postcondition of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf - Direct precedence applied to situations. -E.g., 'claiming to find nuclear weapons in a foreign country is a precondition to declare war against it'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPreconditionOf - is precondition of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf - is propert part of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isPropertPartOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasProperPart - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf - A relation between entities and qualities, e.g. 'Dmitri's skin is yellowish'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isQualityOf - is quality of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy - A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRealizedBy - is realized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf - A relation between information objects and any Entity (including information objects). It can be used to talk about e.g. entities are references of proper nouns: the proper noun 'Leonardo da Vinci' isAbout the Person Leonardo da Vinci; as well as to talk about sets of entities that can be described by a common noun: the common noun 'person' isAbout the set of all persons in a domain of discourse, which can be represented in DOLCE-Ultralite as an individual of the class: Collection . -The isReferenceOf relation is irreflexive, differently from its inverse isAbout. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOf - is reference of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy - The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isReferenceOfInformationRealizedBy - is reference of information realized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor - A relation between entities and regions, e.g. 'the color of my car is red'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRegionFor - is region for - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept - Any relation between concepts, e.g. superordinated, conceptual parthood, having a parameter, having a task, superordination, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToConcept - is related to concept - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription - Any relation between descriptions. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRelatedToDescription - is related to description - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn - A relation between a description and a role, e.g. the role 'Ingredient' is defined in the recipe for a cake. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleDefinedIn - is role defined in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf - A relation between an object and a role, e.g. 'student' is the role of 'John'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isRoleOf - is role of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy - A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSatisfiedBy - is satisfied by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor - A relation between situations and entities, e.g. 'this morning I've prepared my coffee with a new fantastic Arabica', i.e.: the preparation of my coffee this morning is the setting for (an amount of) a new fantastic Arabica. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSettingFor - is setting for - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy - A partial order relation that holds between social objects. It represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept and another Concept that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrowe in intensional interpretation. -E.g. PhDStudent Role specializes Student Role - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSpecializedBy - is specialized by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo - Direct succession applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Officer' is subordinated to 'Director'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSubordinatedTo - is subordinated to - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo - Direct precedence applied to concepts. E.g. the role 'Executive' is superordinated to 'DepartmentManager'. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isSuperordinatedTo - is superordinated to - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn - A relation between a description and a task, e.g. the task 'boil' is defined in a recipe for a cake. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskDefinedIn - is task defined in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf - A relation between roles and tasks, e.g. 'students have the duty of giving exams' (i.e. the Role 'student' hasTask the Task 'giving exams'). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTaskOf - is task of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIncludedIn - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIncludedIn - is time included in - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf - The generic relation between time intervals and events. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeIntervalOf - is time interval of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf - A relation to represent a (past, present or future) TimeInterval at which an Entity is observable. -In order to encode a specific time, a data value should be related to the TimeInterval. -An alternative way of representing time is the datatype property: hasIntervalDate - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isTimeOfObservationOf - is time of observation of - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy - A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#isUnifiedBy - is unified by - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo - Generic distance relation between any Entity(s). E.g. Rome is near to Florence, astronomy is near to physics. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#nearTo - near to - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps - A schematic relation between any entities, e.g. 'the chest region overlaps with the abdomen region', 'my spoken words overlap with hers', 'the time of my leave overlaps with the time of your arrival', 'fibromyalgia overlaps with other conditions'. -Subproperties and restrictions can be used to specialize overlaps for objects, events, time intervals, etc. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#overlaps - overlaps - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes - The relation between a Parameter, e.g. 'MajorAgeLimit', and a Region, e.g. '18_year'. -For a more data-oriented relation, see hasDataValue - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#parametrizes - parametrizes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema. -E.g. 'year 1999 precedes 2000', 'deciding what coffee to use' precedes 'preparing coffee', 'World War II follows World War I', 'in the Milan to Rome autoroute, Bologna precedes Florence', etc. -It can then be used between tasks, processes, time intervals, spatially locate objects, situations, etc. -Subproperties can be defined in order to distinguish the different uses. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#precedes - precedes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes - A relation between an information realization and an information object, e.g. the paper copy of the Italian Constitution realizes the text of the Constitution. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizes - realizes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout - The relation between entities and information realizations, e.g. between Italy and a paper copy of the text of the Italian Constitution. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesInformationAbout - realizes information about - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation - This relation is a workaround to enable local reflexivity axioms (Self) working with non-simple properties; in this case, dul:realizesInformation About. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation - realizes self-information - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs - A relation between two entities participating in a same Situation; e.g., 'Our company provides an antivenom service' (the situation is the service, the two entities are the company and the antivenom). - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#sameSettingAs - is in the same setting as - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies - A relation between a Situation and a Description, e.g. the execution of a Plan satisfies that plan. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#satisfies - satisfies - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes - A partial order relation that holds between social objects. -It mainly represents the subsumption relation between e.g. a Concept or Description and another Concept (resp. Description) that is broader in extensional interpretation, but narrower in intensional interpretation. For example, the role PhDStudent specializes the role Student. -Another possible use is between a Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept A, and another Collection that isCoveredBy a Concept B that on its turm specializes A. For example, the 70,000 series Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection specializes the Selmer Mark VI saxophone Collection. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#specializes - specializes - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies - A Collection has a unification criterion, provided by a Description; for example, a community of practice can be unified by a shared theory or interest, e.g. the community that makes research on mirror neurons shares some core knowledge about mirror neurons, which can be represented as a Description MirrorNeuronTheory that unifies the community. There can be several unifying descriptions. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#unifies - unifies - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept - A generic relation holding between a Description and a Concept. In order to be used, a Concept must be previously definedIn another Description. This last condition cannot be encoded for object properties in OWL. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#usesConcept - uses concept - - - - - - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index 273b385d..3b0d9e89 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -1,1297 +1,215 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-PROC.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest. - - - - - - - - - - - If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not). - - - - - - - - - - - If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AbductiveReasoning - A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating - Tasks where the goal is to move an object. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Action to a component Action. + has action + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Action to its execution state. + has execution state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it. + is performed by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations. + + + + + + + + + + A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest. + + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened. + manifests in + + + + + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting. + prevented by + + + + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?). + prevents + + + + + + + + This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue. + + + + + + + + This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent proceeds from some set of statements about a world, and attempts to obtain an explanation for these statements. This explanation is often an inferred cause, such as a final cause or intention. Further, it is often required that there be some guarantees that the explanation produced by AbductiveReasoning have some desirable property, such as being the simplest or most likely given the set of statements to explain. + + + + + + + + + Tasks where the goal is to move an object. Usually, an agent will use their prehensile effectors, ie. hands, for this purpose, so there is a lot of conceptual overlap between Actuating and Manipulating. @@ -1301,246 +219,429 @@ Another way to look at the difference between Actuating and Manipulating is in w For Actuating, it is the object's motion that is paramount. -For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating - todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying - A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging - A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling - A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssumingArmPose - A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssumingPose - A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Avoiding - A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching - A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CheckingObjectPresence - A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing - A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationAction - An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationAction - Communication action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationReport - A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTask - A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. - -Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTopic - A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. +For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional relationships (such as kinematic control) between the hand(s) and the manipulated object(s). + todo: think about use of tools. force events are generated between artifacts then. also not only the tool would be the 'salient artifact' here. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to gain information about some location. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent places a collection of objects at some set of relative poses to each other. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent connects some objects such that they form a cohesive whole, and which also imposes constraints on the objects' relative motions. Often, the objects that make up an assemblage can also be separated again. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its arms according to some configuration. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent arranges its body, or part of it, according to some configuration. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves so as to not enter or pass through a location. + + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent stops a moving object and gains kinematic control over it, usually by grasping. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent uses its sensors to check for the presence of a specific object and to obtain some other information about it, e.g. pose. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to block access to its interior. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An action in which an agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. + Communication action + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent endeavors to describe truthfully some state of affairs. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. + +Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A role that appears in communication tasks, and indicates what the communication is about. CommunicationTopic can only classify a Social object that participates in an Action that is classified as (the execution of) a CommunicationTask. Note that classifies here is used in the plays-role sense. This isn't to say that the social object, ie the information exchanged in the communication, is an instance of the topic. Rather, the topic role refers to what the information is about. -For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommunicationTopic - Communication topic - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing - A task in which an Agent creates a new object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting - The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeductiveReasoning - A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. - -Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the "specific" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Delivering - A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing - A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. "Dice", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing - A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dreaming - Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping - The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. - -'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects "slips" away. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning - A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionStateRegion - A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionStateRegion - Execution state region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Active - The execution state of an ongoing activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Cancelled - The execution state of a cancelled activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Failed - The execution state of a failed activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Paused - The execution state of a paused activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Pending - The execution state of a pending activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutionState_Succeeded - The execution state of a succeeded activity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Fetching - A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GetTaskParameter - A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer - A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping - A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding - A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Imagining - A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InductiveReasoning - A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. - -Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the "general" (all swans are white). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting - todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table' - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingAt - better: Gazing - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor - A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering - A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating - Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. +For example, if the topic of a communication is flowers, this does not mean the words themselves are flowers, merely that, in some sense, they are about flowers. + Communication topic + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent creates a new object. + + + + + + + + + The goal of this task is to separate one or more pieces from some target object by means of cutting into its constituent material. Unlike a disassembly, a cut is usually not easily reversible. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent, using general logical principles that it considers logically valid, applied to premises that it considers logically true, arrives at conclusions that it considers logically certain. + +Deduction is often explained as starting from the "general" (some property X is known about all members of a set S), applying it to the "specific" (some Entity Y is known to belong to set S), to arrive at a specialization of the general property (X applies to Y). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent brings an item that the Agent already carries to a specified target. + + + + + + + + + A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce small pieces out of some object or material. Unlike slices, the pieces to be obtained do not have one or two dimensions being more prominent than others. "Dice", the pieces dicing results in, are approximately cubic. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent increases its distance from some location. + + + + + + + + + Any form of re-processing episodic memories for long-term memory by natural or aritifical agents. + + + + + + + + + + The dropped object falls mainly under the influence of gravity. However, an agent may also drop something during navigation. The difference to 'Throwing' is that there is no 'Limb motion' which is a constitiuent of the action. + +'Dropping' is intentional. Dropping by accident may not has a phase to release the grasp. It could be that the grasp was not strong enough and the objects "slips" away. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent places its end effectors at particular poses. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A region containing labels that describe different states in the evolution/completion of a task execution. + Execution state region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent retrieves an object from a particular location, which puts the object under the Agent's control, who can now e.g. transport the object somewhere else; this task may include repositioning the Agent to better reach the object. Note that while in normal linguistic use fetch can mean transport, we use it here to refer only to (a part of) the first stage of transport. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent computes some parameter relevant for another task. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent switches which of its end effectors holds an object. + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent uses its end effectors to grasp an object, thus gaining kinematic control over it. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent keeps an object over which it has kinematic control, typically via grasping, at some specified pose. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which the Agent constructs a mental representation of a possible world. An Agent performing an Imagining activity does not aim to construct a representation that aspires to be faithful to some past, present, or future state of affairs of the actual world it is embodied in. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent endeavors to accumulate confidence in some general statement about the world, by gathering instances in which this general statement appears to apply. Note that perfect confidence can never be guaranteed by induction. + +Induction is often described as a move from many "specifics" (swan A is white, swan B is white, swan C is white, ...) to the "general" (all swans are white). + + + + + + + + + + + + + todo: how to distinguish from e.g. 'pushing from the table' + + + + + + + + + better: Gazing + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent uses its perception apparatus to check for the presence of an object in some specified area. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent reduces the elevation at which they hold an item. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Tasks where the goal is to move the prehensile effectors, ie. hands, of an agent so as to achieve some spatial or functional relation with some manipulated object. Spatial relations refer to positioning the hands in certain ways relative to the manipulated object, for example nearing or distancing them, or aligning them with some relevant axis. @@ -1554,444 +655,892 @@ Actuating profiles the movement of the object itself. Manipulating profiles the movement of the hands and the functional relations, such as kinematic control, they establish with the manipulated object. -Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalAction - An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. - -One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalAction - Mental action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MentalTask - A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic - A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic - A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic - A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic - A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing - A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject - Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MonitoringJointState - A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingTo - A task in which an Agent moves towards a location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Navigating - A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening - A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting - A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ParkingArms - A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving - A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring - The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. +Note: we employ Manipulating here in its literal, original sense, of using hands for some purpose, and not in the metaphorical sense of exerting psychological pressure on someone. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An Event construed as the Agent participant affecting Entities that are representations of actual or potential Entities or Events in the physical world in which the Agent is embodied. These representations are maintained by the Agent participant in the 'Mental action' event. + +One could argue Mental actions are all Physical actions, because anything the Agent may use to maintain such representations will be physical things, However, we make this distinction because for Mental actions it is less important to consider the physical support of the representation and how it changes, and more important to track how the information content of the representation changes. + Mental action + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Task classifying some MentalAction, that is, an Action through which an Agent manipulates representations stored in its own cognition. + + + + + + + + + A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and acions to evaluate them according to some metric. + + + + + + + + + A topic used while an Agent describes its own cognitive processes and actions, and which covers descriptions of what memories are involved in them. + + + + + + + + + A topic used while an Agent describes the planning it does for its own cognitive processes and actions. + + + + + + + + + A topic for a description that an Agent might make of its own cognitive processes and actions. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent combines several entities, such that the combination is difficult or in practice impossible to reverse. + + + + + + + + + Superconcept for tasks that involve affecting some state that an object is in (e.g. where it is located), without creating or destroying the object. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent keeps track of the physical state of its joints, e.g. their positions, velocities, efforts. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves towards a location. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves through space so as to arrive at some location, follow some path, or increase its distance from some location or other entity. Often, navigation involves finding paths around obstacles and forbidden areas. + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent manipulates a container so as to expose its interior. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent adjusts the orientation of an object. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent arranges its arms in such a way so as to minimize opportunities for collision while moving through the environment. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about its surroundings. + + + + + + + + + The goal of this task is to make some object usable for other tasks, by possibly changing its physical state. Usually, it overlaps some task that describes the manner in which an object is obtained. The prototypical example of PhysicalAcquiring is picking up an object. -Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction - An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction - Physical action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalTask - A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp - A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Placing - Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Planning - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning - A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Prediction - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Proprioceiving - A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Prospecting - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pulling - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing - A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then? - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway - A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown - A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown - A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching - A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reasoning - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reasoning - todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. +Note that buying an object is NOT PhysicalAcquiring. Buying, or ownership transfer in general, also involves an adjustment in social structures describing ownership. + + + + + + + + + An action performed by an agent by using its body in some way to interact with the physical world, e.g., through manipulation of objects, or by changing the posture. + Physical action + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which a PhysicalAgent affects some physical object. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent uses one or more of its grippers to grasp a usually stationary object. + + + + + + + + + Distinguished from Positioning in that this task is more about placing an object at a functionally specified location (e.g., place the cup on the table) as opposed to positioning an object at a location defined by coordinates or a region of coordinates (position the cup at xyz). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create a sequence of actions for itself which, if followed, will bring about a particular state of affairs in the world. This particular state of affairs is known to the agent and is often called the goal state of the planning action. Planning commits itself to feasibility: the Agent attempts to find a sequence of actions that it believes it will actually be able to perform. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent places an object at a particular position. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of the world. Prediction commits itself to some degree of accuracy: the Agent believes that eventually something similar to the predicted state will come to pass. + + + + + + + + + A task in which the Agent gathers and interprets sensor information about itself. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to construct a representation of a future state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the object's center of mass towards the contact point between agent and object. + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves an object in a direction loosely from the the contact point between agent and object towards object's center of mass. todo: define subclass 'PushingOver'? Would we expect two distinct contacts with the same surface then? + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent pushes an object in front of themselves. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent pushes an object downwards. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent puts down an object they have kinematic control over, e.g. a grasped object. + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves one or more of its arms towards a location or object. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavours to obtain new knowledge from knowledge it already possesses. + todo: a taxonomy of reasoning is not trivial. Classical theory distinguishes Deductive, Inductive, and with a stretch Abductive reasoning. However, modern practice distinguishes other categories that overlap with these, e.g. Probabilistic and Non-monotonic. Both Abductive and Inductive inference may, and often do, use Probabilistic methods. Probabilistic inference is, by its nature, most opposed to Deductive inference which, classically, requires logical certainty. Any of the Abductive/Deductive/Inductive triad can be further affected by the Monotone/Non-monotone distinction. There are preferences (Inductive and Abductive reasoning is probably most often non-monotonic; most of Deductive reasoning is probably done in monotonic formalisms), but it is certainly the case that, e.g., non-monotone Deduction is possible. -Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing - A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Remembering - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting - A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retrospecting - A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retrospecting - Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. - -As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectingItem - A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SettingGripper - A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Simulating - A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. - -Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation ("what would happen if--?") is possible. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SituationTransition - A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SituationTransition - Situation transition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing - A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing - A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloud - A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic - A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic - A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic - A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic - A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic - A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic - A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic - A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic - A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudTopic - A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudTopic - Think aloud topic - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing - A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting - A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAction - A relation from an Action to a component Action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAction - has action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasExecutionState - A relation from an Action to its execution state. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasExecutionState - has execution state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasInitialSituation - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTerminalSituation - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInitialSituationOf - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition starts from. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPerformedBy - A relation from an Action to the Agent who performs it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPerformedBy - is performed by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTerminalSituationOf - A relation between SituationTransitions and Situations, which identifies the Situation the transition ends at. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/NonmanifestedSituation - A Situation which does not manifest in any event. +Note, this classification has nothing to do with reasoning domain (e.g. SpatialReasoning, TemporalReasoning, ...) and merely with techniques/logical-mathematical underpinnings. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an agent relinquishes its kinematic control over an object, typically by releasing it from its grasp. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to recall a record of a previous state of affairs in the world. The Agent must have witnessed this state of affairs in order to record it. Remembering commits itself to accuracy: the Agent attempts to reconstruct as accurate a record as it can. Note, this does not mean the Agent will communicate the recollection accurately. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent moves its arms away from a location. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which an Agent endeavors to construct a representation of a past state of affairs of the world it is embodied in. + Done by analogy with Prospecting. Currently mono-subcategory, but perhaps we might find more. + +As an example, a kind of Abductive reasoning would fit here: reconstruction, in which the agent attempts to create a representation of a past state of affairs which the agent has not actually observed, based on traces and clues surviving to the present. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent selects some object to use for a subsequent task. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent arranges one/some/all of its grippers in some configuration. + + + + + + + + + A Mental task in which the Agent endeavours to create representations of a sequence of states of affairs in the world. Simulation commits itself to some degree of transition accuracy: supposing the actual state of the world was the initial state of the simulation, the world state and simulation state should evolve to some degree similarly. + +Simulation does not commit itself to state accuracy: the initial state of the simulation is not constrained to be faithful to the actual state of the world in which the Agent is embodied. Counterfactual simulation ("what would happen if--?") is possible. + + + + + + + + + A transition between two situations, usually brought about by the Action of some Agent. + Situation transition + + + + + + + + + A particular kind of cutting where the goal is to produce slices from some solid object. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent applies pressure to an object they have in their grasp. + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent, while in the course of performing some other task(s), reports on their own decision processes that guide this other task(s) for the benefit of an outside observer. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent states what they are doing. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent states general knowledge they have. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent states some item of knowledge. This knowledge can be general, or specific to the environment and task at hand. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent describes some state of affairs that prevents them from performing an action. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent expresses an opinion about the action they perform or the environment they are in. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent describes what they currently perceive. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent describes what they intend to do. Note, this is not about describing the process through which this plan was constructed; that is covered by the MetaCognitionPlanningTopic. + + + + + + + + + A topic used when an Agent describes what they know about their environment, including knowledge of world states that they do not currently perceive. + + + + + + + + + A topic relevant for a think-aloud communication. + Think aloud topic + + + + + + + + + + A task in which an Agent imparts momentum to an object before releasing it so that it flies for some distance unsupported. + + + + + + + + + A task by which an Agent carries an item from a source to a destination location. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 0 + + + + + + + A Situation which does not manifest in any event. The main use case for this is to represent expectations that are not met, e.g. unfulfilled post-conditions of an action. An action with unmet postconditions is then a failure. Because of open world semantics of DL, the default assumption for a Situation individual with no "manifests in" relations is simply that we don't know yet whether that Situation is manifested and if so by what Event. -As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/NonmanifestedSituation - Nonmanifested situation - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/hasExpectedTerminalSituation - A relation between a Transition and the Situation it is expected to, and does actually, end at. You can assert this relationship when the observed outcome of a transition matches expectations. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/hasRequiredInitialSituation - A relationship between a Situation x and another Situation y that precedes it, such that without y manifesting, it would be impossible for x to manifest. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/manifestsIn - A relationship indicating that a Situation is realized in an Event that actually happened. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/manifestsIn - manifests in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/preventedBy - A relationship indicating a Situation is prevented by another from manifesting. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/preventedBy - prevented by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/prevents - A relationship indicating that a situation does or would prevent another from manifesting. Useful for reasoning about planning (what to do to avoid some bad outcome) and failure recovery (what aspects of the world state prevent continuing the plan?). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl/prevents - prevents - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPostcondition - This should be taken to mean that the postcondition is the situation expected to follow the current situation. Whether the expectation is met is another issue. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#hasPrecondition - This should be taken to mean: a precondition is a situation without which the current situation would not be possible. - - - - - - +As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one: either declare that individual's type NonmanifestedSituation, or assert that it has 0 manifestsIn relations. + Nonmanifested situation + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The execution state of an ongoing activity. + + + + + + + + + The execution state of a cancelled activity. + + + + + + + + + The execution state of a failed activity. + + + + + + + + + The execution state of a paused activity. + + + + + + + + + The execution state of a pending activity. + + + + + + + + + The execution state of a succeeded activity. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a SituationTransition manifests in some Event, then it also has an initial Situation and a terminal one. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A SituationTransition that manifests in some Event also includes an Action. (NOTE (MP): Typically, the Event manifesting it would be that included Action actually so perhaps we can just require that manifestations of SituationTransitions be Actions?) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + By definition, there can be no prevention relation between Situations that manifest in Events. If Situation X prevents Y, then either X manifests and Y does not, or Y manifests and X does not (interpret as: X would have prevented Y from manifesting if X had manifested), or none of X and Y manifests in any Event. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a precondition is not met then a Situation cannot manifest. + + + + + + + + + + + + If something is an initial situation of some transition, then it must manifest. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a transition has an initial situation then it also has a manifestation. + + + + + + + + + + + + If something is a terminal situation then it must be a manifested situation (regardless of whether it was expected or not). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If a transition has a terminal situation then it also has a manifestation. + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl index ee2f339c..71ba6074 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ALL.owl @@ -1,29 +1,27 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-IO.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-NEEM.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-PROC.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-SAY.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-WF.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl index 6e2a2a57..28336a96 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-Allen.owl @@ -1,93 +1,101 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl index ec3f19bd..e5e3554b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ELAN.owl @@ -1,793 +1,543 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #PrepareForBreakfast - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. - - - - #PrepareForDinner - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. - - - - #PrepareForLunch - Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. - - - - #PrepareForMeal - A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. - -The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. - - - - #SettingTheTable - The task to prepare a table for a meal. - - - - #expectedNumberOfPeople - Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate. - - - - #formalityLevel - Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. - -The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating - move-object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Actuating - Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching - move-body-walk-to - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching - walk (to a location, or in a direction) - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying - perception-survey-area - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AreaSurveying - Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging - construction-arrange-objects - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arranging - A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling - construction-assembly - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Assembling - A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement - move-body-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement - The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching - move-object-catch - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Catching - Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing - move-object-close - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Closing - Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing - construction-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Constructing - Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting - object-modification-cutting - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cutting - A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing - object-modification-dicing - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dicing - A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing - move-body-walk-backaway - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Distancing - walk (away from a location, in a direction) - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping - move-object-drop - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dropping - Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ELANName - If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ELANUsageGuideline - Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning - manipulation-hand-positioning - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EndEffectorPositioning - Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer - move-hand-grasp-transfer - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspTransfer - have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping - manipulation-grasp - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Grasping - Agent grasps an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement - move-head - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement - Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning - move-head-turn - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning - Turn head (e.g. for visual search). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding - move-object-hold - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Holding - Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning - move-body-lean - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning - move, bending, with torso in a specific direction - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting - move-object-lift - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lifting - Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion - move-body-locomotion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion - Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor - perception-search-for-object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LookingFor - The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering - move-object-lower - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lowering - The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating - manipulation-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Manipulating - These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic - ta-meta-cognition-evaluation - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionEvaluationTopic - an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic - ta-meta-cognition-memory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionMemoryTopic - an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic - ta-meta-cognition-planning - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionPlanningTopic - an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic - ta-meta-cognition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MetaCognitionTopic - Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing - construction-mixing - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Mixing - A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject - object-modification-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ModifyingPhysicalObject - Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway - move-body-walk-backaway - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway - walk (away from a location, in a direction) - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening - move-object-open - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Opening - Move an object so as to expose an interior surface. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting - move-object-orient - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Orienting - Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving - perception-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Perceiving - Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring - physically-acquire-object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAcquiring - Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAction - Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp - move-object-pick-up - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PickingUp - Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning - move-object-positioning - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Positioning - Move an object so that it has a particular pose. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving - move-body-posture - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving - Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing - move-object-push - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pushing - Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway - move-object-push-away - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingAway - Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown - move-object-push-down - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PushingDown - Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown - manipulation-put-down - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PuttingDown - Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching - move-hand+arm-reach - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Reaching - Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing - manipulation-release - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Releasing - Agent releases grasp on an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting - move-hand+arm-retract - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Retracting - Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing - object-modification-slicing - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing - A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing - move-object-squeeze - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Squeezing - Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing - move-body-stand - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing - stand (at a location) - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic - ta-actions - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudActionTopic - an agent describes what they are currently doing - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic - ta-knowledge-general - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudGeneralKnowledgeTopic - an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic - ta-knowledge - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudKnowledgeTopic - Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic - ta-issues - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudObstructionTopic - an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic - ta-opinions - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudOpinionTopic - an agent makes a statement of opinion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic - ta-perception - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPerceptionTopic - an agent describes what they perceive - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic - ta-plans - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudPlanTopic - an agent describes their current plan - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic - ta-knowledge-scene - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ThinkAloudSceneKnowledgeTopic - an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier) - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing - move-object-throw - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Throwing - Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting - transport-object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transporting - A task that requires chaging the location of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning - move-body-turn - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning - move own body, turn - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + If present, used by the controlled vocabulary generation script to create a vocabulary entry. By default, the concept name itself is used for the vocabulary entry. + + + + + + + + + Provides a short description, similar to a definition, of a controlled vocabulary entry for ELAN. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Used by the description of a task that classifies some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal, or by a description of a task to prepare for such an event, to record the number of people expected to participate. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Records the formality level in a description associated to some event, usually a social gathering such as a meal. + +The association between the Description and the Event can be direct (the Description is about the Event itself) but it can also be indirect in various ways. A typical example of the latter is where the Description is a Goal for a Task to prepare for the Event in question, as when the Goal of a SettingTheTable task would record the formality level of a meal, which will occur at some point after the task completes. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a breakfast. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a dinner. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Describes a goal to prepare a table or dining area for a lunch. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A description of a goal to prepare for serving a meal by setting a table. + +The meal will have a number of expected participants and a level of formality. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The task to prepare a table for a meal. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + construction-arrange-objects + A task involving the arrangement of a collection of objects in a particular way. + + + + + + + + Superconcept for the Agent moving some (usually, but not always, grasped) object; use more specific labels where appropriate. + move-object + + + move-body-walk-to + walk (to a location, or in a direction) + + + Visually survey an area, for objects or potential object positions. + perception-survey-area + + + construction-assembly + A task involving the putting together of objects to form an assembly, usually in a way in which these objects can be recovered. + + + The Agent moves its body in some way. Use more specific labels where appropriate. + move-body-general + + + move-object-catch + Agent intercepts and arrests the motion of an object. + + + Move an object so that it no longer exposes an interior surface. + move-object-close + + + Superconcept for tasks requiring the creation of some object (including an arrangement or collection of objects); use more specific labels where appropriate + construction-general + + + object-modification-cutting + A task that requires some object to be cut into pieces. The cut is often irreversible. + + + A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into slices. + object-modification-dicing + + + walk (away from a location, in a direction) + move-body-walk-backaway + + + Agent undoes whatever functional control they have on an object, but without imparting significant momentum to it, and allows the object to fall under the influence of gravity. + move-object-drop + + + manipulation-hand-positioning + Superconcept for the Agent moving their arm(s) to positioning their hand/end effector; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + move-hand-grasp-transfer + have grasped an object with one hand, now grasp it with the other and release it from the first + + + Agent grasps an object. + manipulation-grasp + + + move-head + Superconcept for the Agent moving their head; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + Turn head (e.g. for visual search). + move-head-turn + + + move-object-hold + Have grasped an object with hand, and move it while held. + + + move-body-lean + move, bending, with torso in a specific direction + + + move-object-lift + Having grasped an object with their hand, the agent now lifts it from the supporting surface. + + + move-body-locomotion + Superconcept for the Agent moving around; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + The agent searches, usually visually, for the location, or a possible new location, of an object + perception-search-for-object + + + The agent lowers a, usually held in hand(s), object. + move-object-lower + + + manipulation-general + These are Actions in which the Agent exerts or prepares to exert some influence over some other participant Phyiscal Objects by way of its prehensile body parts (usually, hands). + + + ta-meta-cognition-evaluation + an agent analyzes and describes the process by which they evaluate whether/to what a extent a goal was reached + + + an agent describes how and/or why they (failed to) memorize something + ta-meta-cognition-memory + + + ta-meta-cognition-planning + an agent analyzes and describes the process they use to plan their behavior + + + ta-meta-cognition + Superconcept for cases where the agent describes the results of analyzing their own thought processes; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + construction-mixing + A task involving the putting together of several objects, which are thereafter not recoverable. + + + Superconcept for tasks involving the changing of the state some object(s) is/are in; use more specific labels where appropriate. + object-modification-general + + + move-body-walk-backaway + walk (away from a location, in a direction) + + + move-object-open + Move an object so as to expose an interior surface. + + + move-object-orient + Move object to re-orient it in place on an area, or while holding. + + + Superconcept for perception tasks. Use more specific levels where appropriate. + perception-general + + + Superconcept for tasks requiring that an object be put in such a physical state so that it is usable/available for other tasks. + physically-acquire-object + + + Superconcept for the Agent doing something with their hands/end effectors; use more specific labels where appropriate. + + + Agent grasps an object and removes it from its previous location. + move-object-pick-up + + + move-object-positioning + Move an object so that it has a particular pose. + + + Superconcept for motions where the Agent changes posture; use more specific labels where appropriate. + move-body-posture + + + Superconcept for the Agent exerting force on an object to push it; use more specific labels where appropriate. + move-object-push + + + Agent exerts force on an object to move it away from themselves. + move-object-push-away + + + move-object-push-down + Exert force on an object to move it in some functionally meaningful direction, such as pushing down a button (even when the actual direction the button was pushed in was up). + + + Agent releases their grasp on an object, but only after positioning it so that it is supported and won't fall. + manipulation-put-down + + + move-hand+arm-reach + Reach arm out to prepare to grasp with hand. + + + manipulation-release + Agent releases grasp on an object. + + + Draw in arm and hand toward body, and away from some object or location. + move-hand+arm-retract + + + A task that requires an object to be (at least partially) cut into approximately cubic pieces. + object-modification-slicing + + + Exert compressive force on a (usually, but not always, grasped) object. + move-object-squeeze + + + stand (at a location) + move-body-stand + + + an agent describes what they are currently doing + ta-actions + + + ta-knowledge-general + an agent makes a statement of general knowledge, as opposed to knowledge specific to the immediate environment they are in + + + Superconcept for when an agent makes a statement of knowledge of something not immediately perceivable; use more specific labels where appropriate. + ta-knowledge + + + an agent describes what prevents them from undertaking some action + ta-issues + + + an agent makes a statement of opinion + ta-opinions + + + ta-perception + an agent describes what they perceive + + + an agent describes their current plan + ta-plans + + + ta-knowledge-scene + an agent makes a statement that they know something about the environment they are in, which they cannot at that moment perceive directly (but they may have perceived it earlier) + + + move-object-throw + Using its arm(s), an agent imparts momentum to a held object then releases it. + + + transport-object + A task that requires chaging the location of an object. + + + move-body-turn + move own body, turn + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl index 94351b9c..8902906f 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl @@ -1,1123 +1,935 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Box - A cuboid-shaped container. - - - - #BreadKnife - A knife to cut bread. - - - - #BreakfastPlate - A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast. - - - - #Carafe - A container used to hold and pour some beverage. - - - - #CerealBox - A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes. - - - - #CoffeeCarafe - A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee. - - - - #Cup - A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping. - - - - #DessertFork - A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake. - - - - #DinnerPlate - A regular size plate for eating a main meals. - - - - #Dispenser - A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage. - - - - #Glass - A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages. - - - - #JamJar - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam. - - - - #Jar - A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish. - - - - #KitchenKnife - A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber. - - - - #MilkBottle - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. - - - - #MilkPack - A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. - - - - #NutellaJar - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella. - - - - #PastaBowl - A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta. - - - - #PepperShaker - A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper. - - - - #RaspberryJamJar - A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam. - - - - #SaladBowl - A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad. - - - - #SaltShaker - A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt. - - - - #Shaker - A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper. - - - - #SoupPot - A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup. - - - - #Spoon - An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle. - - - - #SugarDispenser - A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar. - - - - #TableFork - A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti. - - - - #TableKnife - A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread. - - - - #TableSpoon - A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating. - - - - #TeaSpoon - A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml. - - - - #WaterBottle - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. - - - - #WaterGlass - A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it. - - - - #WineBottle - A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. - - - - #WineGlass - A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Blade - A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Bottle - A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Bowl - A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Building - A structure with a roof and walls. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Ceiling - The upper interior surface of a room. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Countertop - A flat surface for working on. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Crockery - An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cupboard - A piece of furniture for storing things. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedHandle - An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedHandle - Designed handle - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedSpade - A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedSpade - Designed spade - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dishwasher - An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DishwasherTab - A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Door - A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Drawer - A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Floor - The lower interior surface of a room. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Fork - Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FreezerCompartment - A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Hotplate - A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Knife - An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Lid - A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pack - A small cardboard or paper container. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pan - A container used for cooking food. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Plate - A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Pot - A container used for cooking food. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Rack - A frame for holding or storing things. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Refrigerator - An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Stove - An appliance for cooking or heating. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Table - A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Wall - An upright surface of a building or room. - - - - - - + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A cuboid-shaped container. + + + + + + + + + A knife to cut bread. + + + + + + + + + + A smaller plate used for serving bread at the dining table with the main meal or to serve breakfast. + + + + + + + + + A container used to hold and pour some beverage. + + + + + + + + + A box which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, cereal flakes. + + + + + + + + + A carafe which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, coffee. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A round shaped container used for storing liquid and drinking out of it, typically has a handle for grasping. + + + + + + + + + A smallar fork for eating desserts e.g. cake. + + + + + + + + + A regular size plate for eating a main meals. + + + + + + + + + A small container used to store and serve some flavoring substance for a dish or beverage. + + + + + + + + + A container made usually from glass or transparent plastic which is used to hold, typically cold, beverages. + + + + + + + + + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, jam. + + + + + + + + + A container used for long-term storage of some liquid or viscous dish. + + + + + + + + + A tool designed to be used for kitchen related common tasks. Such as smearing a bread or cutting a cucumber. + + + + + + + + + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. + + + + + + + + + A pack which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, milk. + + + + + + + + + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, Nutella. + + + + + + + + + A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pasta. + + + + + + + + + A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, pepper. + + + + + + + + + A jar which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, raspberry jam. + + + + + + + + + A bowl which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salad. + + + + + + + + + A shaker which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, salt. + + + + + + + + + A container used for storing fine grained substances such as salt or paper. + + + + + + + + + A pot which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, soup. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An eating or cooking implement consisting of a small shallow bowl with a relatively long handle. + + + + + + + + + A dispenser used to hold, or at least is intended to usually hold and serve, sugar. + + + + + + + + + A regular size fork used for eating meals, e.g. for Spaghetti. + + + + + + + + + A knife used for eating or speading butter on bread. + + + + + + + + + + A spoon usually refered as larger spoon used for serving. However in some regions it is the largest spoon used for eating. + + + + + + + + + A spoon relatively smaller in size used for string a cup of tea or measuring a volume. Specifically for cooking or medicine purposes, the volume is defined as 5ml. + + + + + + + + + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. + + + + + + + + + A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, water. Also affords drinking from it. + + + + + + + + + A bottle which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. + + + + + + + + + A glass which holds, or at least is intended to usually hold, wine. Also affords drinking from it. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A flat cutting edge of an object used to cut through other objects, such as the blade of a ventilator cutting through the air. + + + + + + + + + A container with a narrow neck used to store fluids. + + + + + + + + + A round, deep object used to contain food or liquid. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A structure with a roof and walls. + + + + + + + + + + + The upper interior surface of a room. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A flat surface for working on. + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An object designed to contain food to store, cook, eat, or serve it. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A piece of furniture for storing things. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An item designed to fit well within a grasping hand, often attached to another item to enhance its manipulability. + Designed handle + + + + + + + + + A sharp-edged metal blade used for digging or cutting. + Designed spade + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An appliance for washing dishes and cutlery automatically. + + + + + + + + + A solid detergent inserted into dishwashers. + + + + + + + + + A hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the frame of a cupboard. + + + + + + + + + + A storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a piece of furniture. + + + + + + + + + + The lower interior surface of a room. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Cutlery with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting. + + + + + + + + + A freezer compartment used to regulate the temperature of contained objects to a value below zero degree Celsius. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A flat heated surface used for cooking food or keeping it hot. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon. + + + + + + + A removable or hinged cover for the top of a container. + + + + + + + + + A small cardboard or paper container. + + + + + + + + + A container used for cooking food. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A flat and usually circular object from which food is eaten or served. + + + + + + + + + A container used for cooking food. + + + + + + + + + A frame for holding or storing things. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An appliance which is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An appliance for cooking or heating. + + + + + + + + + A piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An upright surface of a building or room. + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl index cb0749ae..c048af17 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl @@ -1,191 +1,140 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ComputationalAgent - An agent that is implemented in software. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ComputationalAgent - Computational agent - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalData - An information realization of quantitative data. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalData - Digital data - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalObject - An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DigitalObject - Digital object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FaultySoftware - A description of a situation where some software has a bug. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FaultySoftware - Faulty software - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncompatibleSoftware - A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncompatibleSoftware - Incompatible software - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareImplementation - An information realization in form of a executable computer program. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareImplementation - Software implementation - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwarePackage - A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwarePackage - Software package - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareType - A concept that classifies software objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SoftwareType - Software type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UnavailableSoftware - A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UnavailableSoftware - Unavailable software - - - - - - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An agent that is implemented in software. + Computational agent + + + + + + + + + An information realization of quantitative data. + Digital data + + + + + + + + + + An information realization with object character. e.g. a software agent etc. + Digital object + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation where some software has a bug. + Faulty software + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation where two software systems are incompatible with each other. + Incompatible software + + + + + + + + + An information realization in form of a executable computer program. + Software implementation + + + + + + + + + A structured archive of software that also often contains data needed to run the software, and scripts to build and configure the software. + Software package + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A concept that classifies software objects. + Software type + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation where some software dependency is not available. + Unavailable software + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl index 03ad1268..c1ccb209 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-NEEM.owl @@ -1,86 +1,72 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KinoDynamicData - An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KinoDynamicData - Kino-dynamic data - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShapeData - An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShapeData - Mesh-shape data - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#VideoData - An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#VideoData - Video data - - - - - - + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An InformationObject containing data about how a physical object is put together such that its parts may move relative to each other, and what the physical characteristics of those parts are. + Kino-dynamic data + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An InformationObject containing data about the geometry of a physical object. + Mesh-shape data + + + + + + + + + An information object containing data for audio-visual modalities. + Video data + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index 67db17d3..c58d568b 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1,5084 +1,3520 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #ArtificialAgent - A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. - -There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. - - - - #ArtificialAgent - Artificial agent - - - - #ContinuousJoint - A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. - - - - #ContinuousJoint - Continuous joint - - - - #FixedJoint - A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links. - - - - #FixedJoint - Fixed joint - - - - #FloatingJoint - A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. - - - - #FloatingJoint - Floating joint - - - - #ForceAttribute - The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it. - - - - #ForceAttribute - Force attribute - - - - #HingeJoint - A joint that rotates along an axis. - - - - #HingeJoint - Hinge joint - - - - #Joint - An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. - - - - #JointLimit - The physical limits of a joint. - - - - #JointLimit - Joint limit - - - - #JointState - The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it. - - - - #JointState - Joint state - - - - #MovableJoint - A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension. - - - - #MovableJoint - Movable joint - - - - #NetForce - The accumulated force acting upon an object. - - - - #NetForce - Net force - - - - #PlanarJoint - A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis. - - - - #PlanarJoint - Planar joint - - - - #PrismaticJoint - A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. - - - - #PrismaticJoint - Prismatic joint - - - - #RevoluteJoint - A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. - - - - #RevoluteJoint - Revolute joint - - - - #hasChildLink - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. - - - - #hasChildLink - has child link - - - - #hasEndLink - Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. - - - - #hasEndLink - has end link - - - - #hasForceValue - A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. - - - - #hasForceValue - has force value - - - - #hasJointEffort - The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointEffort - has joint effort - - - - #hasJointEffortLimit - The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointEffortLimit - has joint effort limit - - - - #hasJointLimit - Relates a joint to its physical limits. - - - - #hasJointLimit - has joint limit - - - - #hasJointParameter - Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint. - - - - #hasJointParameter - has joint parameter - - - - #hasJointPosition - The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointPosition - has joint position - - - - #hasJointPositionMax - The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointPositionMax - has joint position max - - - - #hasJointPositionMin - The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointPositionMin - has joint position min - - - - #hasJointState - Relates a joint to its state. - - - - #hasJointState - has joint state - - - - #hasJointVelocity - The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointVelocity - has joint velocity - - - - #hasJointVelocityLimit - The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). - - - - #hasJointVelocityLimit - has joint velocity limit - - - - #hasLink - Relates an object to its kinematic components. - - - - #hasLink - has link - - - - #hasNetForce - A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. - - - - #hasNetForce - has net force - - - - #hasParentLink - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. - - - - #hasParentLink - has parent link - - - - #hasRootLink - Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. - - - - #hasRootLink - has root link - - - - #hasShapeScale - The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. + has child link + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. + has end link + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to its physical limits. + has joint limit + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to its state. + has joint state + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to its kinematic components. + has link + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. + has net force + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. + has parent link + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. + has root link + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. + is child link of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. + is end link of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to its physical limits. + is joint limit of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to its state. + is joint state of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to its kinematic components. + is link of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + is mass attribute of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. + is net force of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. + is parent link of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. + is root link of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType). + affordance defines + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an Affordance and a Task + affordance defines task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + affords bearer + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. + affords concept + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + affords setpoint + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + affords task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + affords trigger + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains. + contains object + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. + defines bearer + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a parameter. + defines parameter + + + + + + + + + + + + Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. + defines setpoint + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. + defines trigger + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a description to a quality that it describes. + describes quality + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. + has alteration result + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to its color quality. + has color + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed. + has design + + + + + + + + + + + + Associates an object to one of its dispositions. + has disposition + + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a physical object to one of its features. + has feature + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute. + has friction attribute + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to its localization quality. + has localization + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their mass. + has mass attribute + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. + has quale + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an object to its shape quality. + has shape + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute. + has shape region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an entity to a space region. + has space region + + + + + + + + + + + + Effector participation. + involves effector + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. + is alteration result of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + is bearer afforded by + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. + is bearer defined in + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to. + is color of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. + is concept afforded by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Concept and an Affordance. + is defined in affordance + + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. + is deposit of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it. + is design of + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it. + is disposition of + + + + + + + + + + + Effector participation. + is effector involved in + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to. + is feature of + + + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. + is inside of + + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation. + is linked to + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to. + is localization of + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. + is ontop of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a parameter. + is parameter defined in + + + + + + + + + + + A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. + is physically contained in + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. + is quale of + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a description to a quality it describes. + is quality described by + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + is setpoint afforded by + + + + + + + + + + + Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. + is setpoint defined in + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to. + is shape of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a shape to a physical object that has it. + is shape region of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a space region to an entity. + is space region for + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. + is supported by + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + is task afforded by + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance. + is task defined in affordance + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. + is trigger afforded by + + + + + + + + + + + Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. + is trigger defined in + + + + + + + + + + + Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. + + + + + + + + + + + + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry. + transitions back + + + + + + + + + + + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking. + transitions from + + + + + + + + + + + A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process. + transitions to + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A value that quantifies a force given in Newton. + has force value + + + + + + + + + + + The effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). + has joint effort + + + + + + + + + + + The maximum effort applied in a joint given in N (prismatic joint) or N*m (hinged joints). + has joint effort limit + + + + + + + + + + + Assigns a value for an attribute of a joint. + has joint parameter + + + + + + + + + + + The position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + has joint position + + + + + + + + + + + The maximum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + has joint position max + + + + + + + + + + + The minimum position of a joint given in m (prismatic joints) or rad (hinged joints). + has joint position min + + + + + + + + + + + The velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). + has joint velocity + + + + + + + + + + + The maximum velocity of a joint given in m/s (prismatic joints) or rad/s (hinged joints). + has joint velocity limit + + + + + + + + + + + The scale of a shape, given as a vector of three real numbers to adjust x, y, z components of vertex vectors. In cases where a shape needs to be flipped compared to the shape described by a mesh, one of the scale components will be negative. It is often the case that shapes need to be altered from their description in a shape file, and a typical example of this is scaling a mesh. -In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms. - - - - #hasShapeScale - has shape scale - - - - #isChildLinkOf - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the end of the kinematic chain. - - - - #isChildLinkOf - is child link of - - - - #isEndLinkOf - Relates an object to kinematic components at the end of the kinematic chain. - - - - #isEndLinkOf - is end link of - - - - #isJointLimitOf - Relates a joint to its physical limits. - - - - #isJointLimitOf - is joint limit of - - - - #isJointStateOf - Relates a joint to its state. - - - - #isJointStateOf - is joint state of - - - - #isLinkOf - Relates an object to its kinematic components. - - - - #isLinkOf - is link of - - - - #isMassAttributeOf - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - - - - #isMassAttributeOf - is mass attribute of - - - - #isNetForceOf - A relation between a physical object and the total force acting on it. - - - - #isNetForceOf - is net force of - - - - #isParentLinkOf - Relates a joint to the link it connects which is closer to the root of the kinematic chain. - - - - #isParentLinkOf - is parent link of - - - - #isRootLinkOf - Relates an object to kinematic components at the root of the kinematic chain. - - - - #isRootLinkOf - is root link of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Accessor - A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AestheticDesign - A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. - -Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AestheticDesign - Aesthetic Design - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Affordance - A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AgentRole - A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. - -The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AgentRole - Agent role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlteredObject - An object undergoing modifications. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlteredObject - Altered object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Appliance - A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Arm - A limb used to reach for objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AvoidedObject - An object that is avoided. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AvoidedObject - Avoided object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Barrier - A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BeneficiaryRole - A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BeneficiaryRole - Beneficiary role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Blockage - The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BlockedObject - An object that is blocked from accessing something. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BlockedObject - Blocked object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BoxShape - A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BoxShape - Box shape - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Capacity - The maximum amount an object can contain. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausalEventRole - A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. - -As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket." In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the "by hitting it with the racket" constituent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausalEventRole - Causal event role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausativeRole - A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. - -The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausativeRole - Causative role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CircularCylinder - A cylinder figure with circular cross section. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CircularCylinder - Circular cylinder - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Clean - A cleanliness region with values considered as clean. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cleanliness - The quality of being clean. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CleanlinessRegion - Encodes the cleanliness of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CleanlinessRegion - Cleanliness region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Color - The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Color - Color - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ColorRegion - Encodes the color of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ColorRegion - Color region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommitedObject - An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommitedObject - Commited object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Composing - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConnectedObject - An object that is combined with another object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConnectedObject - Connected object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Connectivity - The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Container - A role classifying an object used to contain others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Containment - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Cover - An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Coverage - The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveredObject - An object that is covered. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveredObject - Covered object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CreatedObject - An object that is created. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CreatedObject - Created object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CylinderShape - A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CylinderShape - Cylinder shape - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DependentPlace - A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DependentPlace - Dependent place - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deposit - A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DepositedObject - An object placed ontop of another one. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DepositedObject - Deposited object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deposition - The disposition to support objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedComponent - An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedComponent - Designed component - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedContainer - An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedContainer - Designed container - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedFurniture - An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedFurniture - Designed furniture - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedTool - An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DesignedTool - Designed tool - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destination - A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DestroyedObject - An object that is detroyed. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DestroyedObject - Destroyed object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DetectedObject - An object that is detected. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DetectedObject - Detected object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceState - A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceStateRange - This class defines the values that a device state can take. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceStateRange - Device state range - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOff - A value indicating a device is not in operation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOff - Device turned off - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOn - A value indicating a device is in operation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeviceTurnedOn - Device turned on - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Dirty - A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Disposition - The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Disposition - extrinsic - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Effort - A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EnclosedObject - An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EnclosedObject - Enclosed object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Enclosing - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole - A role classifying a participant in an event. - -In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole - Event adjacent role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#EventAdjacentRole - Thematic role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExistingObjectRole - A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). - -The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExistingObjectRole - Existing object role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExperiencerRole - A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExperiencerRole - Experiencer role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExtractedObject - An object that is removed from a container or system. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExtractedObject - Extracted object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Extrinsic - A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Feature - Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Finger - A limb used for grasping objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FrictionAttribute - The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FrictionAttribute - Friction attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalDesign - The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalDesign - Functional Design - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalPart - Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalPart - Functional part - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GoalRole - A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GoalRole - Goal role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Graspability - The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GreenColor - A color region with dominant green color. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GreenColor - Green color - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Gripper - A mechanical device that grasps and holds things. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Hand - A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion - The relation between an individual quality and a region. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion - todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Head - A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Impediment - The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncludedObject - An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IncludedObject - Included object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InsertedObject - An object inserted into another object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InsertedObject - Inserted object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Insertion - The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Instrument - An object used to carry out the event. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Intrinsic - A physical quality that is independent of context. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Intrinsic - intrinsic - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Item - A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KineticFrictionAttribute - Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#KineticFrictionAttribute - Kinetic friction attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leg - A limb on which an agent walks or stands. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Limb - An arm or leg of an embodied agent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Linkage - The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkedObject - An object that is linked to some other object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkedObject - Linked object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Localization - The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Location - A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocatumRole - Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocatumRole - Locatum role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MassAttribute - The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MassAttribute - Mass attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Material - The matter from which a thing is made. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShape - A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MeshShape - Mesh shape - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovedObject - An object undergoing location change. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovedObject - Moved object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Obstacle - An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Origin - A role classifying the location where an event or object originated. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PathRole - A role that classifies the path of a motion. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PathRole - Path role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Patient - A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalEffector - A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalEffector - Physical effector - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalQuality - Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalQuality - Physical quality - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileEffector - An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileEffector - Prehensile effector - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Protector - A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Purification - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QualityTransition - todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QualityTransition - Quality transition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RecipientRole - A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RecipientRole - Recipent role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RedColor - A color region with dominant red color. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RedColor - Red color - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelationAdjacentRole - A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelationAdjacentRole - Relation adjacent role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelatumRole - Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelatumRole - Relatum role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelevantPart - Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RelevantPart - Relevant part - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResourceRole - A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. +In robotics, it is not uncommon to encounter shapes that are flipped compared to the shape in a mesh file. This is because robots often have bilateral symmetry, thus it makes sense to reuse the same meshes for corresponding links of the left and right arms. + has shape scale + + + + + + + + + + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. + has color value + + + + + + + + + + + The depth of a shape. + has depth + + + + + + + + + + + Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. + has file path + + + + + + + + + + + The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless. + has friction value + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. + has hsv value + + + + + + + + + + + The height of a shape. + has height + + + + + + + + + + + The length of a shape. + has length + + + + + + + + + + + The mass value of a physical object in kilogram. + has mass value + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a spatial region to a position. + has position data + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. + has rgb value + + + + + + + + + + + The radius of a circular or oval shape. + has radius + + + + + + + + + + + Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. + has reference frame + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + has shape parameter + + + + + + + + + + Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. + has space parameter + + + + + + + + + + + The width of a shape. + has width + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A physical object with artificial characteristics, which can perform actions to achieve desired goals, and typically has sensors and/or actuators. + +There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they are not considered here in the scope of artificial agent. + Artificial agent + + + + + + + + + A continuous hinge joint that rotates around an axis and has no upper and lower limits. + Continuous joint + + + + + + + + + + + + 0 + + + + + A joint that cannot move, designed to fixiate links. + Fixed joint + + + + + + + + + A joint that allows motion for all 6 degrees of freedom. + Floating joint + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + The value of a force dynamical characteristic. An example is the force exerted on another object when pushing it. + Force attribute + + + + + + + + + A joint that rotates along an axis. + Hinge joint + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + An object that is used to articulate links in a kinematic structure. + + + + + + + + + The physical limits of a joint. + Joint limit + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + The state of a joint in terms of position, velocity of the joint and effort applied to it. + Joint state + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A joint where the two connected links can move relative to each other in some dimension. + Movable joint + + + + + + + + + The accumulated force acting upon an object. + Net force + + + + + + + + + A joint that allows motion in a plane perpendicular to an axis. + Planar joint + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A sliding joint that slides along an axis, and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. + Prismatic joint + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A hinge joint that rotates along an axis and has a limited range specified by the upper and lower limits. + Revolute joint + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object used to gain access to some other entity. + + + + + + + + + A design that describes an aesthetic quality of an object. + +Aesthetics is the philosophical study of beauty and taste. The term stems from the Greek word 'aisthetikos', meaning 'of sense perception', and is related to the study of sensory values. From design point of view, aesthetics refers to the visual attractiveness of an object. Visual aesthetics have these key elements: Color, Shape, Pattern, Line, Texture, Visual weight, Balance, Scale, Proximity and Movement. + Aesthetic Design + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A relation between an object (the bearer) and others (the triggers) that describes the disposition of the bearer to be involved in an action execution that also involves some trigger object. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an Agent responsible for performing an Action. + +The entity playing an AgentRole is endowed with sentience and the capacity to deliberately choose actions in pursuit of goals. This distinguishes Agents from other causes that could bring an event about. + Agent role + + + + + + + + + An object undergoing modifications. + Altered object + + + + + + + + + A device designed to perform a specific task, and that can be operated in some way. + + + + + + + + + A limb used to reach for objects. + + + + + + + + + An object that is avoided. + Avoided object + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object used to prevent others from entering or leaving a restricted space or group. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an agent for whose benefit an action is performed. + Beneficiary role + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the barrier) to prevent others from accessing, leaving, or seeing a restricted space, or group. + + + + + + + + + An object that is blocked from accessing something. + Blocked object + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A symmetrical shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six rectangles. + Box shape + + + + + + + + + The maximum amount an object can contain. + + + + + + + + + A role filled by a description of some action or process that brings about a motion. + +As an example, consider the utterance "the tennisman served the ball by hitting it with the racket." In this utterance, the filler of the CausalEventRole is expressed by the "by hitting it with the racket" constituent. + Causal event role + + + + + + + + + A role classifying objects that are responsible in bringing about an event. + +The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the effective cause of the Action it performs. However, not all objects causing events are agents. + Causative role + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A cylinder figure with circular cross section. + Circular cylinder + + + + + + + + + A cleanliness region with values considered as clean. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The quality of being clean. + + + + + + + + + Encodes the cleanliness of an object. + Cleanliness region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The color of an object. Color regions encode the color value in some space such as RGB or HSV, and may further be used to classify the color as red, dark, etc. The color of an object may have different facets, e.g. a red and blue color. + Color + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Encodes the color of an object. + Color region + + + + + + + + + An object committed to a bigger whole. After being committed, the object does not exist anymore in its old form. + Commited object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the compositional structure of others. + + + + + + + + + An object that is combined with another object. + Connected object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the connected object) to establish a connection with others. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object used to contain others. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain others. + + + + + + + + + An object used to cover up others, such as a lid used as a cover for a pot. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the cover) to hide or to protect objects by covering them. An example is a door that covers items in a container to e.g. prevent dust getting inside of the container. + + + + + + + + + An object that is covered. + Covered object + + + + + + + + + An object that is created. + Created object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A solid geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section. + Cylinder shape + + + + + + + + + A feature that is not part of its host, like a hole in a piece of cheese. + Dependent place + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object ontop which others are put to e.g. store them, or to place them in a meaningful way for future activities. + + + + + + + + + An object placed ontop of another one. + Deposited object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition to support objects. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An object designed to be part or element of a larger whole. + Designed component + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An item designed to be able to hold some other items, preventing their free movement and/or protecting them from outside influence. Containers may be used for storage, or to obtain control over items that are otherwise hard to manipulate directly (e.g. liquids). + Designed container + + + + + + + + + An object used to make a room or building suitable for living or working. + Designed furniture + + + + + + + + + An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. + Designed tool + + + + + + + + + A role classifying the location where an event or object is directed towards. + + + + + + + + + An object that is detroyed. + Destroyed object + + + + + + + + + An object that is detected. + Detected object + + + + + + + + + A quality belonging to a device which indicates its overall functional state. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + This class defines the values that a device state can take. + Device state range + + + + + + + + + A value indicating a device is not in operation. + Device turned off + + + + + + + + + A value indicating a device is in operation. + Device turned on + + + + + + + + + A cleanliness region with values considered as dirty. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + 1 + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + + The tendency of an object (the bearer) to be used to perform certain tasks with others (the triggers). + extrinsic + + + + + + + + + A parameter describing the amount of force to be exerted by some actuator. + + + + + + + + + An object included within the spatial boundaries of another object. + Enclosed object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects by enclosing them to prevent their free movement. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying a participant in an event. + +In linguistics, this is also known as a thematic role. + Event adjacent role + Thematic role + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A role that requires of its filler simply to exist, unlike other roles that may demand e.g. agentive or instrumental participation in some executable schema or plan (AgentRole and Instrument respectively). + +The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a schematic formalism used to describe some scene, that an object is present. In particular, the schema used to convey this information is the ESTSchemaTheory, which has ExistingObjectRole as its sole defined role. + Existing object role + + + + + + + + + A role used in frame semantics to classify agents performing perception actions, or being the subjects affected by some biological process. + Experiencer role + + + + + + + + + An object that is removed from a container or system. + Extracted object + + + + + + + + + + A physical quality that depends on relationships to other objects, such as the color of an object which depends on light conditions in the environment. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + Features are 'parasitic' entities that only exist insofar their host exists. Typical examples are holes, bumps, boundaries, or spots of color. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A limb used for grasping objects. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. + Friction attribute + + + + + + + + + The design of an object from functionality point of view. A functional design is useful to develop complex modular objects with components that have a specific purpose, and can function with minimum side effect on other components of that object. + Functional Design + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Parts of an agent or an artifact are considered as functional parts. + Functional part + + + + + + + + + A role classifying objects that constitute the goal of an action. + Goal role + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. + + + + + + + + + A color region with dominant green color. + Green color + + + + + + + + + A mechanical device that grasps and holds things. + + + + + + + + + A prehensile effector including palm, fingers, and thumb. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + The relation between an individual quality and a region. + todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... + + + + + + + + + A functional part of the body responsible for carrying high bandwidth sensors, i.e., camera. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the obstacle) to prohibit certain ways of entering or leaving a space or group. An example is a doorstopper constraining a door, prohibiting it to enter the area behind it. + + + + + + + + + An object that is contained in something. This is meant very general and includes, e.g., elements contained in a set, or things that are spatially contained within the boundaries of some object. + Included object + + + + + + + + + An object inserted into another object. + Inserted object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the container) to contain other objects that can be inserted into the container through a portal. + + + + + + + + + An object used to carry out the event. + + + + + + + + + A physical quality that is independent of context. + intrinsic + + + + + + + + + A role played by a non-agentive object operated on by an action. + + + + + + + + + Friction that occurs when two touching objects are moving relative to each other. + Kinetic friction attribute + + + + + + + + + A limb on which an agent walks or stands. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An arm or leg of an embodied agent. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the linked object) to establish a connection with others by being linked together. + + + + + + + + + An object that is linked to some other object. + Linked object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The localization of an object. The region of this quality encodes values to localize the object in a dimensional space, e.g. Euclidean positions that localize the object in Euclidean space. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying a location of interest, often specified as a spatial relation between several objects, themselves usually classified by spatial relation roles. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Denotes the object with primary focal prominence in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema. Terminological variants that appear in the literature on cognitive linguistics include Figure (Talmy 1983) and Trajector (Langacker 1986). + Locatum role + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + The quantity of matter which a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field. + Mass attribute + + + + + + + + + The matter from which a thing is made. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A solid geometrical figure described in a mesh file. + Mesh shape + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An object undergoing location change. + Moved object + + + + + + + + + An object used to restrict access to a protected space or group. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying the location where an event or object originated. + + + + + + + + + A role that classifies the path of a motion. + Path role + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object that undergoes/is the primary object affected by the event. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A functional part belonging to an Agent and which allows that Agent to act upon its surroundings. + Physical effector + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + Any aspect of an entity that is dependent on its physical manifestation. + Physical quality + + + + + + + + + An effector used to grasp objects, such as a hand of a human, or the long prehensile tail of a monkey. + Prehensile effector + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object that protects another by preventing other entities from coming in contact with the protected object. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the cleanliness of others. + + + + + + + + + todo(DB): added for NEEMs (quale change), but not sure yet about it... + Quality transition + + + + + + + + + A role which classifies an agent who receives an object modified or created by an action. + Recipent role + + + + + + + + + A color region with dominant red color. + Red color + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object participating in some relation, e.g. a participant in a spatial relation or a linguistic fragment in a rhetorical relation to another. + Relation adjacent role + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Denotes the reference object in a spatial or spatio-temporal schema, i.e. the object with secondary focal prominence. Terminological variants: Ground (Talmy 1983), Landmark (Langacker 1986). + Relatum role + + + + + + + + + Features that are relevant parts of their host, like a bump or an edge. + Relevant part + + + + + + + + + A role classifying objects that are useful or even necessary to sustain the unfolding of an event. Resources are usually not agentive; a different set of roles classifies the agentive participants in actions. Likewise, typically resources do not play causative or goal roles for the event. -Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResourceRole - Resource role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RestrictedObject - An object with restrictions to access something. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RestrictedObject - Restricted object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Restrictor - A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResultRole - A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ResultRole - Result role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Room - Space that can be occupied or where something can be done. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoomSurface - The surface of a room. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoomSurface - Room surface - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectedObject - An object chosen as the result of some selection task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SelectedObject - Selected object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Setpoint - Classifies some dedicated goal region. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shape - The external form, contours, or outline of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapeRegion - Encodes the shape of an object. - -Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapeRegion - Shape region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapedObject - An object undergoing shape change. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ShapedObject - Shaped object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shaping - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Sharpness - The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Shifting - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Size - The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialQuality - Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialQuality - Social quality - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourceMaterialRole - A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourceMaterialRole - Source material role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatialRelationRole - Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatialRelationRole - Spatial relation role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatioTemporalRole - Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SpatioTemporalRole - Spatio-temporal role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SphereShape - A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SphereShape - Sphere shape - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StaticFrictionAttribute - Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StaticFrictionAttribute - Static friction attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StimulusRole - A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StimulusRole - Stimulus role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StructuralDesign - A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StructuralDesign - Structural Design - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportedObject - An object that is supported by some supporter. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportedObject - Supported object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Supporter - A role classifying an object used to support others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Surface - The outside part or uppermost layer of something. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Temperature - The heat present in an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TemperatureRegion - Encodes the temperature of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TemperatureRegion - Temperature region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tempering - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TimeRole - A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TimeRole - Time role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tool - A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Transient - Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. +Resources are often consumed by their participation in an event, but this need not always be the case. An instrument and capital are examples of resources that are reusable. + Resource role + + + + + + + + + An object with restrictions to access something. + Restricted object + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object used to deny access to some other entity. + + + + + + + + + A role classifying the object that is the outcome of a creation or modification action or process. + Result role + + + + + + + + + Space that can be occupied or where something can be done. + + + + + + + + + The surface of a room. + Room surface + + + + + + + + + An object chosen as the result of some selection task. + Selected object + + + + + + + + + Classifies some dedicated goal region. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The external form, contours, or outline of an object. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + Encodes the shape of an object. + +Note that sometimes the shape as actually used for some purpose may be displaced. This is the case, e.g., for robot links which use a mesh file to describe their shape, but the reference pose of the link uses the mesh translated/rotated in the link's local coordinate frame. + Shape region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An object undergoing shape change. + Shaped object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the shape of others. + + + + + + + + + The quality of having a thin edge or point that can cut something or make a hole into something. It is worth to note here that the social aspect of sharpness such as the quality of being clear, intelligent etc is not considered as sharpness according to this definition. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the localization of others. + + + + + + + + + The magnitude or dimension of a thing which can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume. + + + + + + + + + Any aspect of an entity that specifies social characteristics. + Social quality + + + + + + + + + A role classifying a substance or object that enters a process of transformation intended to create some other object. + Source material role + + + + + + + + + Roles classifying entities participating in some spatial relation. + Spatial relation role + + + + + + + + + Roles that classify entities which locate an event or object in space and time. + Spatio-temporal role + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A round solid figure with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre. + Sphere shape + + + + + + + + + Friction between two touching objects that do not move relative to each other. + Static friction attribute + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object that is perceived by some agent and thus triggers some reaction (e.g., a perception event). + Stimulus role + + + + + + + + + A design of an object which describes its stability, strength and rigidity, and considers the way in which parts of an object are arranged. + + Structural Design + + + + + + + + + An object that is supported by some supporter. + Supported object + + + + + + + + + A role classifying an object used to support others. + + + + + + + + + The outside part or uppermost layer of something. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The heat present in an object. + + + + + + + + + Encodes the temperature of an object. + Temperature region + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change the temperature of others. + + + + + + + + + A role filled by a description of the location in time and/or duration of an event or object. + Time role + + + + + + + + + A role to classify an object used to modify or actuate others. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Objects may undergo changes during Processes; however, while the change Process is in operation, one cannot strictly say either the input of the Process still exists, nor that the result exists yet. A prototypical example is making a pancake on a heater. When PancakeMix is put on the hot plate, it ceases to be PancakeMix-- already, the chemical structure of the substance gets altered-- however it is only after sufficient heating that this object becomes a Pancake. @@ -5086,772 +3522,90 @@ Transients are the objects undergoing such change processes; they are no longer Instead, a Transient transitionsFrom some initial Object that was fed into a change Process. Typically, a Transient may transitionTo some resulting Object (though not always, some processes simply destroy objects). -It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Variability - The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefines - A relation between an Affordance and a Concept (often an EventType). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefines - affordance defines - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefinesTask - A relation between an Affordance and a Task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordanceDefinesTask - affordance defines task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsBearer - Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsBearer - affords bearer - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsConcept - A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsConcept - affords concept - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsSetpoint - Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsSetpoint - affords setpoint - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTask - Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTask - affords task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTrigger - Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#affordsTrigger - affords trigger - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#containsObject - A spatial relation holding between a container, and objects it contains. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#containsObject - contains object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesBearer - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesBearer - defines bearer - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParameter - A relation between a description and a parameter. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParameter - defines parameter - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesSetpoint - Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesSetpoint - defines setpoint - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesTrigger - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesTrigger - defines trigger - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#describesQuality - Relates a description to a quality that it describes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#describesQuality - describes quality - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAlterationResult - Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasAlterationResult - has alteration result - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColor - Relates an object to its color quality. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColor - has color - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColorValue - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasColorValue - has color value - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDepth - The depth of a shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDepth - has depth - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDesign - Relates an object to the design according to which it was constructed. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDesign - has design - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDisposition - Associates an object to one of its dispositions. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasDisposition - has disposition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFeature - Associates a physical object to one of its features. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFeature - has feature - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFilePath - Associates an entity to some file containing data about it. For example, can be used to describe physical objects via a mesh file. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFilePath - has file path - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionAttribute - A relation between physical objects and their friction attribute. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionAttribute - has friction attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionValue - The coefficient of friction denotes the ratio of friction force between touching objects. The coefficient is dimensionless. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFrictionValue - has friction value - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHSVValue - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Hue-Saturation-Value color space. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHSVValue - has hsv value - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHeight - The height of a shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasHeight - has height - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLength - The length of a shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLength - has length - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLocalization - Relates an object to its localization quality. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasLocalization - has localization - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassAttribute - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassAttribute - has mass attribute - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassValue - The mass value of a physical object in kilogram. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasMassValue - has mass value - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPositionData - Associates a spatial region to a position. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPositionData - has position data - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasQuale - Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasQuale - has quale - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRGBValue - Associates a ColorRegion to numerical data describing the color. This data uses the Red-Green-Blue color space. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRGBValue - has rgb value - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRadius - The radius of a circular or oval shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasRadius - has radius - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasReferenceFrame - Gives the name associated to the local coordinate frame of a SpaceRegion. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasReferenceFrame - has reference frame - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShape - Relates an object to its shape quality. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShape - has shape - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeParameter - Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing its shape. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeParameter - has shape parameter - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeRegion - A relation between physical objects and their shape attribute. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasShapeRegion - has shape region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceParameter - Associates a SpaceRegion to some parameter value describing it. This is a fairly generic property, and to capture the semantics of the information associated to the SpaceRegion, its more specific subproperties should be used. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceParameter - has space parameter - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceRegion - Relates an entity to a space region. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSpaceRegion - has space region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasWidth - The width of a shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasWidth - has width - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#involvesEffector - Effector participation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#involvesEffector - involves effector - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAlterationResultOf - Relates an action that alters an object to the region that the alteration reached during the action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAlterationResultOf - is alteration result of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerAffordedBy - Relates a disposition to the bearer role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerAffordedBy - is bearer afforded by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerDefinedIn - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the bearer when the affordance is manifested. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isBearerDefinedIn - is bearer defined in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isColorOf - Relates a color quality to the object the color belongs to. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isColorOf - is color of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isConceptAffordedBy - A relation between a disposition and a concept defined in the affordance that describes the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isConceptAffordedBy - is concept afforded by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDefinedInAffordance - A relation between a Concept and an Affordance. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDefinedInAffordance - is defined in affordance - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDepositOf - A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDepositOf - is deposit of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDesignOf - Relates a design to an object that was constructed according to it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDesignOf - is design of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDispositionOf - Associates a disposition quality to the object holding it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isDispositionOf - is disposition of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isEffectorInvolvedIn - Effector participation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isEffectorInvolvedIn - is effector involved in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isFeatureOf - Associates a feature to the physical object it belongs to. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isFeatureOf - is feature of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInsideOf - A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isInsideOf - is inside of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLinkedTo - A spatial relation holding between objects that are linked with each other such that they resist spatial separation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLinkedTo - is linked to - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLocalizationOf - Relates a localization quality to the object the localization belongs to. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isLocalizationOf - is localization of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isOntopOf - A spatial relation holding between an object (the deposit), and objects that are located ontop of it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isOntopOf - is ontop of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isParameterDefinedIn - A relation between a description and a parameter. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isParameterDefinedIn - is parameter defined in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPhysicallyContainedIn - A spatial relation holding between an object (the container), and objects it contains. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isPhysicallyContainedIn - is physically contained in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualeOf - Relates a quality to its "value", called quale, which is an atomic quality region. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualeOf - is quale of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualityDescribedBy - Relates a description to a quality it describes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isQualityDescribedBy - is quality described by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointAffordedBy - Relates a disposition to the setpoint parameter defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointAffordedBy - is setpoint afforded by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointDefinedIn - Defines the dedicated goal region of a description. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSetpointDefinedIn - is setpoint defined in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeOf - Relates a shape quality to the object the shape belongs to. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeOf - is shape of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeRegionOf - Relates a shape to a physical object that has it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isShapeRegionOf - is shape region of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSpaceRegionFor - Relates a space region to an entity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSpaceRegionFor - is space region for - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy - Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy - is supported by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskAffordedBy - Relates a disposition to the task defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskAffordedBy - is task afforded by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskDefinedInAffordance - A relation between a Task and an Affordance, such that the task is defined in terms of using the affordance. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTaskDefinedInAffordance - is task defined in affordance - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerAffordedBy - Relates a disposition to the trigger role defined by the affordance describing the disposition. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerAffordedBy - is trigger afforded by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerDefinedIn - Relates an affordance which is a relation between a bearer and a trigger, to the role of the trigger when the affordance is manifested. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isTriggerDefinedIn - is trigger defined in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#supports - Relates a supportee to one of its supporters. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsBack - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it both changes from and changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary, however this transformation is reversible and at the end of the process the objects revert to their previous kind. An example of this is catalysts in chemistry. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsBack - transitions back - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsFrom - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes from. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is dough undergoing the Maillard reaction through baking. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsFrom - transitions from - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsTo - A property which relates a Transient to an Object it changes into. This is useful to model objects which, through participation in a process, transform themselves so that an ontological reclassification is necessary. An example of this is baked dough eventually becoming bread by completing a baking process. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#transitionsTo - transitions to - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#3DPosition - A point in three dimensional space, given as translation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#3DPosition - 3D position - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#6DPose - A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#6DPose - 6D pose - - - - - - +It is also possible that a Transient transitionsBack to the initial object. An example is the catalyst in a chemical reaction; another example is a loaf of bread after a slice has been cut off. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The disposition of an object (the tool) to change some aspect of others. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A point in three dimensional space, given as translation. + 3D position + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A point in three dimensional space, given as translation in a reference coordinate system, and an orientation of a coordinate system centered at that point relative to the reference coordinate system. + 6D pose + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl index da99e88f..fc50b478 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-PROC.owl @@ -1,1210 +1,945 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Agonist - A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Alteration - A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlterativeInteraction - A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AlterativeInteraction - Alterative interaction - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Antagonist - A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Approaching - A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#BodyMovement - Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. - -As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Boiling - In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ChemicalProcess - A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. - -In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ChemicalProcess - Chemical process - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Collision - A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Creation - A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Creation - Creation - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Deformation - A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a description and a process type. + defines process + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. + has process type + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between objects that interact with each other. + interacts with + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a process type and a description that defines it. + is process defined in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. + is process type of + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. + is supported by + + + + + + + + + A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A role that classifies entities with a tendency to either cause an alteration or to preserve some state. + + + + + + + + + A process by which an aspect of some object changes such as ice cream melting in the sun. + + + + + + + + + + A force interaction where the agonist has the tendency to set another object into motion. An example is 'opening a door' where some object interacts with the door such that it moves out of its frame. + Alterative interaction + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A role that classifies entities that are opposed to the tendency of some agonist. + + + + + + + + + A process type to classify motions by which a body approaches some object or location. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Motion described in terms of how parts of an Agent's body move. + +As such, this concept can be applied only to motions involving some PhysicalAgent, or body parts of a PhysicalAgent. + + + + + + + + + In each instance of this collection some liquid matter is raised to its boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the Gaseous-StateOfMatter. + + + + + + + + + A process by which the chemical constituency of an Entity or set of Entities changes. + +In some sense any process that results in entities being created or destroyed might trivially fit here, however this concept is intended specifically for Events where the occuring chemical reactions are of importance. + Chemical process + + + + + + + + + A contact event of objects bumping into each other such that their movement is affected. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process by which an Entity is created in the physical world. + +Note, most of the physical Entities we will be considering here are in fact arrangements of many other, smaller physical Entities. Therefore another way to look at this is, a 'Physical creation' is the process by which a set of physical Entities is arranged in a certain way, and the arrangement is then itself considered a physical Entity. + Creation + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + A process by which a physical Entity changes its shape under the influence of some factors outside of the Entity. Note, changes of shape may be self-caused; for example, a gas will naturally disperse. This however would be a different type of process (Dispersion). -A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destruction - A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. - -Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Destruction - Destruction - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DirectedMotion - A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DirectedMotion - Directed motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Driving - A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FluidFlow - A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. - -An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FluidFlow - Fluid flow - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Flying - A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction - Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the "stronger entity". - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction - Force interaction - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ForceInteraction - Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspingMotion - A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#GraspingMotion - Grasping motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement - The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadMovement - todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the "Directed"/"Undirected motion" categories. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HeadTurning - A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IntermediateGrasp - A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IntermediateGrasp - Intermediate grasp - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Leaning - An Agent pitches its body in some direction. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LimbMotion - An Agent moves its limbs in some way. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LimbMotion - Limb motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion - Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. +A soft slab of clay deforming under its own weight on Earth would still count as deformation: it is the gravity of the Earth (so, a factor outside the slab of clay) which makes the slab change shape. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process by which a physical Entity is destroyed. + +Note, most of the physical Entities we are concerned with are actually arrangements of many smaller physical Entities, so another way to look at this is that a 'Physical destruction' is a process by which an arrangement of physical Entities, which was previously itself considered a physical Entity, is changed to such an extent that it is no longer recognized as continuing to exist. + Destruction + + + + + + + + + + A Motion that is considered to be toward a location or along a path. It is not important that the final location or path be the intention of some Agent, but it is considered that the important feature of this Motion is that it has a path and/or destination. + Directed motion + + + + + + + + + + + + A process type classifying a motion of a body that exists because this body is attached to and controls some other moving body, usually a vehicle. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process by which a fluid moves or is moved from a location to another, but such that it maintains its constitution. A fluid is an Entity made of many smaller Entities, loosely bound to each other. + +An issue to highlight here is the maintenance of constitution. Fluids-- gases in particular-- are prone to disperse. Such a process is not flow however, because the loose bounds between the constituents become even looser, to the point of the original Entity becoming entirely discombobulated. + Fluid flow + + + + + + + + + + + A process type classifying a motion of a body that, through its own power, keeps itself aloft. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies events in which two entities interact with each other with a reference to force. One of the entities, the agonist, has a tendency to either set the other entity (the antagonist) into motion, or to keep it still under the influence of some other force. The tendency only manifests in case the agonist is the "stronger entity". + Force interaction + Talmy, Leonard (1981) ‘Force Dynamics’. Language and Mental Imagery. May 1981, University of California, Berkeley. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process type classifying a motion by which some end effector acquires kinematic control over some other object. + Grasping motion + + + + + + + + + The Agent moves a part of their body carrying high-bandwidth sensors such as cameras. The movement of other body parts is not significant. + todo: (Mihai:) This seems too specific, given the "Directed"/"Undirected motion" categories. + + + + + + + + + A process type classifying a motion of an Agent's head such that the direction this head faces changes relative to the facing direction of the Agent's body as a whole. + + + + + + + + + + + A kind of grasp that acquires kinematic control over the gripped object, but without attempting to achieve either strong holding force nor precision of subsequent movement of the gripped object. + Intermediate grasp + + + + + + + + + An Agent pitches its body in some direction. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An Agent moves its limbs in some way. + Limb motion + + + + + + + + + + + Conceptually related to Navigation, but distinguishable from it because of the profile, ie. the focus of the task. Navigation is about reaching some goal. -Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Locomotion - The Agent repositions their body in the environment. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Motion - An EventType that classifies motion Processes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Motion - Motion type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MovingAway - A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition - An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition - Phase transition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhaseTransition - The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the "jamming transition", and sometimes "phase transitions" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. - -In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicsProcess - A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicsProcess - Physical process - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PosturalMoving - The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. - -Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PowerGrasp - An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PowerGrasp - Power grasp - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrecisionGrasp - An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrecisionGrasp - Precision grasp - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileMotion - A motion of a prehensile effector. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PrehensileMotion - Prehensile motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PreservativeInteraction - A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PreservativeInteraction - Preservative interaction - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessFlow - A description that structures a Process. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessFlow - Process flow - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessType - An EventType that classifies Processes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProcessType - Process type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Progression - A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ReleasingMotion - A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ReleasingMotion - Releasing motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Rubbing - The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Standing - A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Swimming - A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Tapping - A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Taxis - An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Turning - A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UndirectedMotion - A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#UndirectedMotion - Undirected motion - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Vaporizing - Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Vaporizing - Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Walking - An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesProcess - A relation between a description and a process type. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesProcess - defines process - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasProcessType - A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasProcessType - has process type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#interactsWith - A relation between objects that interact with each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#interactsWith - interacts with - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessDefinedIn - A relation between a process type and a description that defines it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessDefinedIn - is process defined in - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessTypeOf - A relation between roles and process types, e.g. a catalysator is needed to trigger some chemical reaction. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isProcessTypeOf - is process type of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy - A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isSupportedBy - is supported by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#supports - A relation between an object (the supporter) and another object (the supportee) where the supporter cancels the effect of gravity on the supportee. - - - - - - +Locomotion is concerned more with the actual motion. + The Agent repositions their body in the environment. + + + + + + + + + An EventType that classifies motion Processes. + Motion type + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process type classifying a motion by which some Agent puts distance between itself and another object or location. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An EventType that classifies processes by which matter changes from some distinguishable phase to another. We will use this to refer to the classical phase transitions between Solid, Liquid, Gaseous, Plasma etc. phases. + Phase transition + The phase transition concept has also been more or less metaphorically applied in other contexts. An example from physics is the "jamming transition", and sometimes "phase transitions" are spoken of when describing problem spaces such as 3SAT. + +In all these cases, the metaphor points to the existence of several regions of qualitatively different behavior (unimpeded passage of solid grains vs deadlock in a corridor; problem instances where the answer NO is trivial to prove vs. problem instances where the answer YES is trivial to prove), separated fairly sharply when some quantity reaches a threshold. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A process involving physical objects and phenomena which does not change the chemical constituency of the affected objects. + Physical process + + + + + + + + + The Agent changes or takes an overall configuration of its body but is otherwise not significantly affecting other objects nor moving a significant amount from its original location. + +Posture changes may take place as part of other actions, for example turning when walking. + + + + + + + + + + An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining a strong grasping force upon it, resulting in a grasp able to resist significant outside disturbances. This is useful when using tools with which to later exert force on other things, e.g. when hammering nails. + Power grasp + + + + + + + + + An Agent grasps an object, and focuses on obtaining precise kinematic control over it. This is useful for then following precise movements, e.g. when writing. + Precision grasp + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A motion of a prehensile effector. + Prehensile motion + + + + + + + + + A force interaction where the agonist has a tendency to keep another object still. An example is 'holding a door closed' where some object interacts with the door to neutralize forces that could set the door into motion. + Preservative interaction + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A description that structures a Process. + Process flow + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An EventType that classifies Processes. + Process type + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A situation that sattisies a description of how a process evolves over time. + + + + + + + + + A motion by which a prehensile effector relinquishes kinematic control over an object. + Releasing motion + + + + + + + + + The motion of an object sliding along the surface of another, for example, to clean the surface. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A motion by which an Agent arranges its body in an upright configuration. Typically, it makes sense to speak of standing for bodies where some limbs are dedicated to moving the whole body while some limbs are used for manipulation of other objects. + + + + + + + + + + A motion of some body through water. The body provides the power for the motion. + + + + + + + + + A motion, usually repeated several times, for example, to probe the surface of an object. + + + + + + + + + An innate behavioural response such as the knee-jerk reflex or the sucking reflex of human infants. + + + + + + + + + A motion by which an agent changes which way their body faces. + + + + + + + + + A Motion of a physical Entity for which a destination or path are unknown and/or considered irrelevant; the important aspect about this Motion is simply that it occurs, rather than where it is headed or how it proceeds towards it. + Undirected motion + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Some material transitions from a liquid to a gaseous phase. + Transitions from a solid to a gaseous phase are usually referred to as Sublimation. + + + + + + + + + An agent, under its own power, moves over some solid surface. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl index 2a359a1c..67bee35e 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-SAY.owl @@ -1,939 +1,617 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #isInitialSceneOf - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. - - - - #isTerminalSceneOf - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssertionTask - A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#AssertionTask - Assertion task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausedMotionTheory - A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being "He sneezed the napkin off the table." (Goldberg 1995) - -Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CausedMotionTheory - Caused motion theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ClausalObject - A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ClausalObject - Clausal object - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommandTask - A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CommandTask - Command task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContainmentTheory - A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree). + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it. + is answered by + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. + is asked by + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer. + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move. + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A communication act intended to change what the listener believes to be true in some context. Often, assertions are of facts about the real world, but this need not be the case. Assertions can communicate what someone believes, or refer to a world that is entirely fictional. In all these cases however, assertions are intended to update the listener's model (of the real world, or of the speaker's beliefs, or of the fictional world etc.). + Assertion task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory describing a situation in which an agent performs an action which causes an object to move along a certain path. A popular example being "He sneezed the napkin off the table." (Goldberg 1995) + +Let xA, xP be objects filling the agent, patient roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xA movesObject xP. + Caused motion theory + + + + + + + + + A clause is a phrase containing a subject and a predicate. + Clausal object + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A communication act intended to get the listener to perform some action. + Command task + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory that describes a functional relation which ensures that the location of some entity, the locatum, is constrained to be within some region which is the interior of some other entity, the relatum. This is also known as FunctionalControlInternal in GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContainmentTheory - Containment theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ControlTheory - A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ControlTheory - Control theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoverageTheory - A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. - -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveringTheory - A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CoveringTheory - Covering theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CrackingTheory - A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CrackingTheory - Cracking theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeclarativeClause - A clause which makes an assertion or declaration. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#DeclarativeClause - Declarative clause - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ESTSchemaTheory - A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isInsideOf xR. + Containment theory + + + + + + + + + A description of functional-spatial configurations where one object controls another object's position in space, e.g. if a pot moves, then the popcorn contained therein moves, as well. Note that the objects do not need to be in direct contact. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + Control theory + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory of a functional relation between two objects such that one of them, the locatum, blocks access to the interior of the relatum. + +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL coversObject xR. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A schematic theory of how an agent can use an instrument to prevent access to the interior of a patient. + Covering theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory of how an agent can inflict damage to the surface of an object. + Cracking theory + + + + + + + + + A clause which makes an assertion or declaration. + Declarative clause + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + A schematic theory that describes the existence of an entity. Developmental psychology posits that "object permanence" (the assumption that physical objects keep existing even when the agent doesn't perceive them, which consequently informs reasoning about where an object should be, even when perception of it is lost) is a cognitive ability that is not, at least in the very young human child, immediately manifest. Rather, it seems learned via interaction, and usually is among an infant's cognitive repertoire by age 2. In SOMA, we represent this ability of a cognitive agent as an ability to generate and maintain ESTSchemaTheories. Each instance of such a theory refers to one particular physical object, the one that the instance of the ESTSchemaTheory asserts to exist. -Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ESTSchemaTheory - EST schema theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutableSchematicTheory - Also known as "executing schemas" or "x-schemas", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work "Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding" as: +Because each instance of an ESTSchemaTheory refers to a single object, ESTSchemaTheories are not associated to any relation between OWL individuals. + EST schema theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Also known as "executing schemas" or "x-schemas", these were defined by Bergen and Chang in their work "Embodied Construction Grammar in Simulation-Based Language Understanding" as: "Executing schemas, or x-schemas, are dynamic representations motivated in part by motor and perceptual systems (Bailey 1997; Narayanan 1997), on the assumption that the same underlying representations used for executing and perceiving an action are brought to bear in understanding language about that action. The x-schema formalism is an extension of Petri nets (Murata 1989) that can model sequential, concurrent, and asynchronous events" SOMA does not restrict the formalism of ExecutableSchematicTheories; i.e. they don't have to be Petri Nets. -They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ExecutableSchematicTheory - Executable schematic theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory - The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. - -Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalSpatialSchemaTheory - Functional spatial schema theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IllocutionaryTask - A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. +They maintain their role however as representations able to drive a simulation, at some level of abstraction, of an embodied action. This level of abstraction may be still fairly underspecified as in the case of the original x-schemas and as such not a plan that an agent could run in an actual physical environment without further information. + Executable schematic theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The superclass for theories describing functional spatial relations. + +Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). + Functional spatial schema theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A task which is executed by a Locution action: A Llocution is what was said and meant, Illocution is what was done. When somebody says "Is there any salt?" at the dinner table, the illocutionary act is a request: "please give me some salt" even though the locutionary act (the literal sentence) was to ask a question about the presence of salt. -Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#IllocutionaryTask - Illocutionary act - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImageSchemaTheory - A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. +Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act + Illocutionary act + + + + + + + + + A theory that describes an image-schematic relationship between some entities. Image schemas are considered as fundamental, pre-conceptual, building blocks of cognition. They were introduced to characterize how human beings are believed to organize and make sense of experience. -For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImageSchemaTheory - Image schema theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImperativeClause - A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ImperativeClause - Imperative clause - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InterrogativeClause - A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. - -Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. "can you close the door?" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#InterrogativeClause - Interrogative clause - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocutionaryAction - A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). - -We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LocutionaryAction - Locutionary action - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MixingTheory - A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#MixingTheory - Mixing theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PlacingTheory - A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PlacingTheory - Placing theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProximalTheory - An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. +For SOMA, whereas the focus of executable schematic theories is to describe how an agent might act, image schematic theories focus on descriptions of how objects behave in the absence of, or after, an active intervention from an agent. + Image schema theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A clause which commands some agent to perform a task or bring about a state of affairs. + Imperative clause + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A clause which makes a request, typically information, of some agent. + +Note that in a semantic sense such clauses always request information, but in a pragmatic sense they can be used to convey commands or requests for action, such as e.g. "can you close the door?" The question is not just a request for information about ability, but a request to perform a task. + Interrogative clause + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A Locutionary Act is the performance of an utterance (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locutionary_act). + +We additionally require a Locutionary Act to be performed by an Agent, not an Actor - this is what sets it apart from a Communication Action. + Locutionary action + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory about how an agent can mix a fluid or particulate object. + Mixing theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic theory of how an agent can place a patient at a particular goal location. + Placing theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An image schematic theory that describes a qualitative spatial relation indicating relative proximity, as expressed by the prepositions 'near', 'close to', 'next to', etc. It may seem that proximity is a very simple notion, requiring no sophisticated theoretical underpinnings. However, proximity is an extremely object- and purpose-dependent relation. A store next door is in a closeness relation to a person, and so is the Sun in the sky, despite the physical distances being different by several orders of magnitude. @@ -941,132 +619,168 @@ As such, a theory, i.e. a description of what a particular kind of closeness mea Adopted from GUM-4-space (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ProximalTheory - Proximal theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QueryTask - A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#QueryTask - Query task - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Scene - Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SchematicTheory - A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. - -Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SchematicTheory - Schematic theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourcePathGoalTheory - A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL 'near to' xR. + Proximal theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A communication act intended to elicit some information from the listener. + Query task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Scenes are Situations which interpret a State in terms of its conformance to some qualitative, image schematic description. I.e., the scene is described in terms of qualitative functional and spatial relations existing between participating objects. + + + + + + + + + A theory used to describe, analyze, and reason with the meaning of a linguistic message. + +Note that such theories are useful both when analyzing an actual linguistic production, and when creating a linguistic production to describe some observed experience. + Schematic theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A very general image-schema of the Path family, this schema describes movement along a path from a source towards a goal. Note: in cognitive linguistics literature, the roles of this schema are Source, Path, Goal. However, to avoid overloading some other terminology in SOMA, we renamed Source to Origin and Goal to Destination. -As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SourcePathGoalTheory - Source-path-goal theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateTransition - A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateTransition - State transition - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportTheory - An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is "The bowl is on the table". +As yet, this schema is not associated to any object property. + Source-path-goal theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A transition between two states brought about by the Action of some Agent. + State transition + + + + + + + + + An image schematic theory that describes the reified functional relation holding between two spatial objects x and y, such that x physically supports y in the presence of gravity; x and y need not be in contact. An example of such an expression is "The bowl is on the table". This is also known as FunctionalControlExternal in GUM (Bateman et al. 2010). -Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportTheory - Support theory - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#coversObject - A relationship from an object (the coverer) that blocks access to another or its interior (the coveree). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasInitialScene - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition starts from. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTerminalScene - A relation between StateTransitions and Scenes, which identifies the scene the transition is expected to end at. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAnsweredBy - A relation from a Query to an Agent who answers it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAnsweredBy - is answered by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAskedBy - A relation from a Query to the Agent who asks it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isAskedBy - is asked by - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isCoveredByObject - A relation from an object (the coveree) which is itself, or has its interior, prevented from being accessed from outside by a coverer. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isMovedByAgent - A relation from an object to an agent who causes it to move. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#movesObject - A relation from an agent to an object that the agent causes to move. - - - - - - +Let xL, xR be objects filling the locatum, relatum roles of this schema. Then one can infer that xL isSupportedBy xR. + Support theory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl index 963d624a..288f70c3 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-STATE.owl @@ -1,484 +1,449 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-OBJ.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #ContainmentState - Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object. - - - - #ContainmentState - Containment state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Configuration - A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. + xmlns:swrl="http://www.w3.org/2003/11/swrl#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. + has state type + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. + is state type of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an object is kept inside another object. + Containment state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A description of a State. This includes e.g. what acceptable regions for participant objects of the State might look like. A configuration of the world is construed to be stable on its own. Outside disturbances may cause state transitions, and the settling into some other, self-stable configuration. Several other Description subclasses may function as Configurations. For example, a Goal is a description of a desired State. A Norm describes a State that should be maintained. A Diagnosis describes a State that causes certain symptoms etc. Note a couple of issues here. First one relates to what "configuration" means; in particular, this doesn't mean a configuration that is unchanging according to any viewpoint. The analogy here is the "macrostate" from thermodynamics: a macrostate with two gases mixed does not mean all gas particles are motionless, but rather that the locations and movements of gas particles are such that any particle is likely to have as many neighbors of one type as the other. -The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContactState - Classifies States in which some objects are in contact. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ContactState - Contact state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Containment - Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalControl - Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. - -Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FunctionalControl - Functional state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkageState - Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#LinkageState - Linkage state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAccessibility - Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalAccessibility - Physical accessibility - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalBlockage - Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalBlockage - Physical blockage - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalExistence - A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalExistence - Physical Existince - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalState - A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#PhysicalState - Physical state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState - A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. - -One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState - Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. - -Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SocialState - Social state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateType - An EventType that classifies States. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StateType - State type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportState - Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#SupportState - Support state - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStateType - A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStateType - has state type - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isStateTypeOf - A relation between roles and state types, e.g. 'the chair is the supporter of the person sitting on it'. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#isStateTypeOf - is state type of - - - - - - +The second issue relates to what is "outside". The state is a configuration of some, but not necessarily all, Entities in the world. Entities not in this configuration are outside of it. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 2 + + + + + + Classifies States in which some objects are in contact. + Contact state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an object is placed inside another. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an object restricts the movement of another, at least partially. Usually neither object is construed to be an agent. + +Note that this State focuses on how the interaction of, usually non-agentive, objects restricts their motion. This is in contrast to Blockage/Accessibility states where the placement of some objects influences the access to some of them by a third, usually agentive party. + Functional state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which two objects are in a rigid connection, such that the movement of one determines the movement of the other. + Linkage state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an item is placed in a container or protected by a protector, but the placement of the item and container is such that a, usually agentive, accessor may nevertheless reach the item in order to perform a task. + Physical accessibility + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an object, in general called restrictor, blocks access to an item. A usually agentive accessor, whose access is blocked, may be specified. + Physical blockage + + + + + + + + + A State in which an Entity is said to exist in the physical world. + Physical Existince + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A State describing how Entities in the physical world relate to each other. + Physical state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A State which describes how Agents relate to each other. + +One can argue that any Social state is a Physical state, since anything the Agents may use to construct a social relationship is made of physical things. The difference is that the physical support of the social relationships is not important here, what matters instead is the nature and content of the social relations, regardless of how they are physically realized. + Note here a distinction: the Agents involved must be able to communicate. This is because while it is often assumed that an Agent has or aspires to have similar cognitive capacities to a human, This need not be the case; in particular, not all Agents need to maintain theories of mind about each other and therefore not all Agents need to communicate with each other. It is hard to see what sort of meaning Social concepts might have to such Agents, since Social concepts are all about shared constructions. + +Note also that the DUL SocialAgent class is not an appropriate restriction however. SocialAgent is one that exists by agreement of PhysicalAgents. For example, a corporation or a nation are SocialAgents. An Agent with the capability to engage socially is not necessarily a DUL SocialAgent. + Social state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An EventType that classifies States. + State type + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Classifies States in which an object is not able to move under gravity because of its placement relative to some other object. + Support state + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl index 25df6585..45f583e0 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-WF.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-WF.owl @@ -1,551 +1,373 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-ACT.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #hasPreviousStep - An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another. - - - - #hasPreviousStep - has previous step - - - - #isFirstStepOf - A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow. - - - - #isFirstStepOf - is first step of - - - - #isStepOf - A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow. - - - - #isStepOf - is step of - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Binding - A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An ordering relation between tasks in some workflow, stating that a task is preceded by another. + has previous step + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation stating that some task is the first one in a workflow. + is first step of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation stating that a task is a step in a workflow. + is step of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The defined participant is an "input": + +- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; +- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Defines an "output" participant: + +- an Entity (Object or state of affairs) that exists as a result of the execution of a Task; +- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task. + + + + + + + + + + + A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. + +The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution. + + + + + + + + + + + Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds. + has binding + + + + + + + + + + + Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. + +Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. + +Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property. + has binding filler + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow. + has binding role + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from a Workflow to its first Task. + has first step + + + + + + + + + + + An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another. + has next step + + + + + + + + + + + Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first. + has predecessor + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains. + has step + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it. + has succedence + + + + + + + + + + + Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last. + has successor + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time. + has task + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + + + + + A Relation between Roles/Parameters and their fillers that holds in a particular descriptive context, such as a Workflow or Narrative. It covers two conceptually related, but somewhat ontologically distinct situations: @@ -560,262 +382,267 @@ Note: in the second case, the Entity filling the Role/Parameter may be a Role or There is a further, orthogonal distinction made between: -- factual: the Binding is asserted to hold in the descriptive context --- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence - A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. +-- counterfactual: the Binding is used to express conditions in the descriptive context. A counterfactual Binding is not meant as an assertion that the Binding actually holds. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation that holds between two OGPTasks that belong to the same OGPWorkflow, and which means that, if a condition is met, the successor task invocation is to be executed after the predecessor task invocation completes. The condition is a conjunction of CounterfactualBindings. These bindings may be RoleRoleBindings (meaning, test whether the fillers for these Roles/Parameters are the same) or RoleFillerBindings (meaning, test whether the filler of the Role unifies with the candidate Entity). -An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence - Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#ConditionalSuccedence - Conditional succedence - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CounterfactualBinding - CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: +An empty conjunction of CounterfactualBindings is assumed to be True. + Note: in RobotWorkflows, Tasks typically may have several possible successors, to be selected based on condition-testing. + Conditional succedence + + + + + + + + + + CounterfactualBindings are used to express conditions: -- that two roles share a filler (RoleRoleBindings); -- that the filler of a role is a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when the filler of the role may be one of a few constants, as is the case with the execution status of a robot task. -TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#CounterfactualBinding - Counterfactual binding - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FactualBinding - FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: +TODO: for the robot workflows we are likely to need at the start, testing equality of fillers is enough. In the future, we may want to replace that with unifiability of fillers. + Counterfactual binding + + + + + + + + + FactualBindings are used in a workflow to assert that: -- task- or workflow-defined roles share fillers (RoleRoleBindings). Example, the instrument of a cutting task may be the actee of a grasping task; --- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FactualBinding - Factial binding - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFNoContinuation - A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFNondeterministicContinuation - A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#FailWFUninterpretableTask - A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#HasQualityRegion - Has quality region - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleFillerBinding - A binding that connects a role to a particular filler. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleFillerBinding - Role filler binding - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleRoleBinding - A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#RoleRoleBinding - Role role binding - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#StatusFailure - A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Succedence - A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. +-- task- or workflow-defined roles are filled by a particular entity (RoleFillerBindings). This is typically the case when roles, and especially parameters, can be assigned to constants. Example, the waiting time to cook soft eggs is 3 minutes. + Factial binding + + + + + + + + + + A binding that connects a role to a particular filler. + Role filler binding + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A binding that asserts that two roles have the same filler. + Role role binding + + + + + + + + + A status indicating the failure during some workflow execution. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A relation that holds in some descriptive context such as a Workflow, between two TaskInvocations belonging to that same Workflow. It means that one task invocation should follow the other. Note: a successor relation implemented as an OWL object property is sometimes enough, but not in general; in particular, when there are conditions imposed on the succession. -As a result, a reification pattern was applied here. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Succedence - Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. - -Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TaskInvocation - An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the "local variables" of a larger workflow). - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#TaskInvocation - Task invocation - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesInput - The defined participant is an "input": +As a result, a reification pattern was applied here. + Note: it is possible for a Succedence relation to exist between a TaskInvocation and itself; in this case, both the hasPredecessor and hasSuccessor roles are filled by the same TaskInvocation individual. -- some object existing at the beginning of a Task's execution, and that will be acted on during the execution of the task; -- some region/value which informs the way in which the Task will be executed. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesOutput - Defines an "output" participant: +Care must be taken with this however, as a natural interpretation of this situation is an infinite loop. + + -- an Entity (Object or state of affairs) that exists as a result of the execution of a Task; -- a Region/value that has been demarcated/computed as a result of the execution of a Task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#definesParticipant - A Description definesParticipant a Concept to classify participants in Events associated to that Description. - -The prototypical example is a Task, which is a concept to classify Actions (a form of Event). A Task may define several Roles, with which to classify participants in the event of that Task's execution. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBinding - Asserts that in a context described by Description, a Binding relation holds. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBinding - has binding - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingFiller - Indicates that an Entity is described by a Binding, in that it is associated with the Role/Parameter that the Binding binds it to. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Workflow or Narrative. -Note, the filler can be a Role/Parameter as well, and there are two distinct interpretations, depending on whether the Binding is a RoleRoleBinding or a RoleFillerBinding. See the comments on Binding for more details. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + An elementary workflow consisting in the invocation of one single task. It is used as a descriptive context inside of which factual bindings are valid between the task's arguments and other entities (such as the "local variables" of a larger workflow). + Task invocation + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A particular kind of failure: the workflow fails because there is no way to continue it, and the normal exit has not been reached. + + + + + + + + + A particular kind of failure: it is not clear how to continue a workflow because several possibilities exist. + + + + + + + + + A particular kind of failure: a task is not recognized and not associated to anything that could execute it, nor to a workflow that could detail its structure into simpler structure. + + + + + + + + Has quality region + + + -Only RoleFillerBindings can have general Entities as fillers. RoleRoleBindings can only connect to Roles or Parameters via this property. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingFiller - has binding filler - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingRole - Indicates that a Role/Parameter is going to be associated to some filler, or other Role/Parameter, by a Binding. The Binding is only valid in some descriptive context such as a Narrative or Workflow. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasBindingRole - has binding role - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFirstStep - A relation from a Workflow to its first Task. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasFirstStep - has first step - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasNextStep - An ordering relation between tasks in a workflow, saying that a task is followed by another. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasNextStep - has next step - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPredecessor - Indicates that a Task is the predecessor in a Succedence Relation; that is, this is the task to execute first. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPredecessor - has predecessor - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasPriority - A relation asserting some entity has a particular priority. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStep - A relation between a Workflow and a Task it contains. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasStep - has step - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccedence - A relation between a Workflow and a Succedence that appears in it. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccedence - has succedence - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccessor - Indicates that a Task is the successor in a Succedence Relation: that is, it is the Task to execute last. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasSuccessor - has successor - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTask - A relation to indicate that a Task is part of a Workflow or ordering Relation: that is, the task may be executed during the execution of the Workflow, or there exists some Relation between the Tasks that informs how their executions are to be located in time. - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#hasTask - has task - - - - - - + diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 6e56950b..54998a95 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -1,2290 +1,1372 @@ - - - - - - - http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Accident - An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for "final causes" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. + xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" + xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. + +A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource. + + + + + + + + Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname. + + + + + + + + An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + > + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. + + + + + + + + + + + + < + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. + + + + + + + + + + + + A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition. + causes transition + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. + +Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance. + co occurs + + + + + + + + + + + + A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + di + `A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A. + contains event + + + + + + + + + + + + + d + `A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B. + + + + + + + + + + + + + fi + `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". + finished by + + + + + + + + + + + + f + `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection. + first member + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals. + has goal + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from. + has initial state + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. + A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening. + has input parameter + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. + A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. + has output parameter + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding. + has phase + + + + + + + + + + + A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it. + has physical component + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen. + has software agent + + + + + + + + + A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation. + has status + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in. + has terminal state + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role. + includes concept + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role. + includes situation + + + + + + + + + + + + Artifact participation. + involves artifact + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located. + involves place + + + + + + + + + + + Artifact participation. + is artifact involved in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event. + is caused by event + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way. + is concept included in + + + + + + + + + + + The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details. + is contained in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began. + is initial state of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. + A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType. + is input parameter for + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an input roles and its Task. + is input role of + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. + is occurence of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. + is occurring in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. + A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. + is output parameter for + + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between an output roles and its Task. + is output role of + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located. + is place involved in + + + + + + + + + + + A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task. + is plan for + Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step. + + + + + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other. + is situation included in + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its input roles. + is task of input role + + + + + + + + + + + A relation between a Task and one of its output roles. + is task of output role + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended. + is terminal state of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + m + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. + + + + + + + + + + + + + mi + A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. + met by + + + + + + + + + + + + + + oi + A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". + overlapped by + + + + + + + + + + + + + o + A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". + overlapped on + + + + + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. + + + + + + + + + + + + + = + `A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal. + + + + + + + + + + + + + si + `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". + started by + + + + + + + + + + + + s + `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL. + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. + has event begin + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. + has event end + + + + + + + + + + + Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time. + has event time + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording when some TimeInterval started. + has interval begin + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended. + has interval end + + + + + + + + + + + Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval. + has interval time + + + + + + + + + + + A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity. + has name string + + + + + + + + + + + A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved. + + + + + + + + + + + An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual. + is reification of + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An Event for which causes are unknown and/or considered irrelevant. This is true also for "final causes" (that is, intentions) of Agents participating in the Accident: it is not the intentions of these Agents to bring about the Accident. Note a distinction between this definition and some informal, everyday uses of "accident" which require a causal structure and responsibility to be ascertained. An accident, in the informal sense, may require an explanation as to who made a mistake in bringing about the event; a "traffic accident", where we want to know who's responsible, is an example of this. -Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads. - - - - #Accident - also think about "mistakes": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually. - - - - #ActionExecutionPlan - idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans. - - - - #ActionExecutionPlan - links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure - - - - #ActionExecutionPlan - Action execution plan - - - - #Amateurish - A description of amateurish behavior. - - - - #Answer - A role that is played by an entity answering some query. - - - - #BehavioralDiagnosis - A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world. - - - - #BehavioralDiagnosis - Behavioral diagnosis - - - - #Clumsiness - A description of clumsy behavior. - - - - #DexterityDiagnosis - A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system. - - - - #DexterityDiagnosis - Dexterity diagnosis - - - - #Episode - - - - - #FailedAttempt - A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal. - - - - #FailedAttempt - Failed attempt - - - - #Fluid - A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse. - - - - #Foolishness - A description of foolish behavior. - - - - #FunctionalDiagnosis - An internal diagnosis of a system. - - - - #FunctionalDiagnosis - Functional diagnosis - - - - #HardwareDiagnosis - A diagnosis of the hardware of a system. - - - - #HardwareDiagnosis - Hardware diagnosis - - - - #HumanActivityRecording - An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. - - - - #Inability - A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve. - - - - #Infeasibility - A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. - - - - #Masterful - A description of masterful behavior. - - - - #MedicalDiagnosis - A functional diagnosis of an organism. - - - - #MedicalDiagnosis - Medical diagnosis - - - - #Question - A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort. - - - - #RecordedEpisode - An episode which has been recorded. - - - - #Reification - A description that *describes* a formal entity. - - - - #Sluggishness - A description of sluggish behavior. - - - - #SoftwareDiagnosis - A diagnosis of the software of a system. - - - - #SoftwareDiagnosis - Software diagnosis - - - - #State - States are stative and homeomeric events. +Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of Accident would be a fair coin landing Heads: the causal chain for why this exact face landed is not important, all that matters is the brute fact that the coin landed Heads. + also think about "mistakes": (Mihai:) yes, but consider whether those might qualify as Situations. Likewise for Accidents, actually. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + idea: steps in workflows assert that they are defined by action execution plans. + links role and parameter fillers to e.g. slots in a data structure + Action execution plan + + + + + + + + + + A description of amateurish behavior. + + + + + + + + + A role that is played by an entity answering some query. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A diagnosis of how a system interacts with its world. + Behavioral diagnosis + + + + + + + + + A description of clumsy behavior. + + + + + + + + + A description of the dexterity of a system, possibly in comparison to another system. + Dexterity diagnosis + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A description of a failed attempt to achieve some goal. + Failed attempt + + + + + + + + + A substance with a consistency such that it can flow or diffuse. + + + + + + + + + A description of foolish behavior. + + + + + + + + + An internal diagnosis of a system. + Functional diagnosis + + + + + + + + + A diagnosis of the hardware of a system. + Hardware diagnosis + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation with a goal that some system is unable to achieve. + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. + + + + + + + A description of masterful behavior. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A functional diagnosis of an organism. + Medical diagnosis + + + + + + + + + A role played by some entity that carries meaning, where this meaning is a query of some sort. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + An episode which has been recorded. + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + A description that *describes* a formal entity. + + + + + + + + + A description of sluggish behavior. + + + + + + + + + A diagnosis of the software of a system. + Software diagnosis + + + + + + + + + States are stative and homeomeric events. For stative events, the mereological sum of two instances has the same type as both instances. This is, for example, the state of sitting on a chair, or the process of a pendulum swinging around. -The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case. - - - - #Status - A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off. - - - - #SuccessDiagnosis - A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system. - - - - #SuccessDiagnosis - Success diagnosis - - - - #Successfulness - A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system. - - - - #TechnicalDiagnosis - A functional diagnosis of a technical system. - - - - #TechnicalDiagnosis - Technical diagnosis - - - - #Threshold - A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition. - - - - #Unsuccessfulness - A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. - - - - #UsageGuideline - Provides a definition, or usage guideline, aimed at a particular community of the ontology's users. The community is identified by the subproperty of UsageGuideline. - -A style recommendation for usage guidelines is that they should be brief. In contrast to usual concept annotations that can, and should be detailed about the reasons behind modelling decisions, usage guidelines are simply meant to answer questions about when it is appropriate to use a concept, and they must be a practical, easy to query and understand resource. - - - - #after - > - - - - #after - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. - - - - #before - < - - - - #before - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities strictly ends before the other one. - - - - #causesTransition - A Transition between two Situations is always the result of some Event, and the causesTransition relation should be used to record the causal relation from the Event to the Transition. - - - - #causesTransition - causes transition - - - - #coOccurs - A schematic relation between any events that also implies that one event is temporally contained in the other. - -Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint relations that hold for different types of co-occurance. - - - - #coOccurs - co occurs - - - - #contains - A schematic relation asserting containment, understood in a very broad sense, by one Entity of another. The relation is defined with domain and range of maximum generality, as it is possible to construe containment to apply between Events, between Objects, between Qualities and so on. Care should be taken when using it that the construal of containment makes sense and is useful. If a clearer relation expresses the connection between two Entities, use that relation instead. For example, rather than saying an Event contains an Object, it is probably better to say the Event has that Object as a participant. More specific versions of this relation exist, e.g. containsEvent, so it is likely that there will be few situations where it should be used itself. However, by acting as a superproperty to several relations, it captures a core similarity between these and enables taxonomy-based similarity metrics. - - - - #containsEvent - di - - - - #containsEvent - `A contains event B` means that A strictly starts before, and ends after B, i.e. B is wholly contained in A. - - - - #containsEvent - contains event - - - - #during - d - - - - #during - `A during B` means that B strictly starts before, and ends after A, i.e. A is wholly contained in B. - - - - #finishedBy - fi - - - - #finishedBy - `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". - - - - #finishedBy - finished by - - - - #finishes - f - - - - #finishes - `A finishes B` means that A ends exactly where B ends, and that B strictly starts before A. As in "I finish my day by taking a shower". - - - - #firstMember - A relation between a collection and a member of it that is least according to some ordering. This ordering can be arbitrary, i.e. the order in which Entities are recorded in the Collection. - - - - #firstMember - first member - - - - #hasDataFormat - A property linking an InformationRealization to a string specifying a format name, e.g. URDF or STL. - - - - #hasEventBegin - A relation recording when an Event started. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. - - - - #hasEventBegin - has event begin - - - - #hasEventEnd - A relation recording when an Event ended. In this case, we think of the Event as something unfolding over some span of time. - - - - #hasEventEnd - has event end - - - - #hasEventTime - Superproperty of hasEventBegin and hasEventEnd, records that an Event happened, or was happening, at a particular time. Using the subproperties captures the richer semantics of that time relative to the event. Using only this superproperty may be appropriate when the Event is construed to take place at a single instant of time. - - - - #hasEventTime - has event time - - - - #hasGoal - A relation from an Entity to a Goal it pursues. Agents can pursue Goals, and Tasks are also construed as pursuing Goals. - - - - #hasGoal - has goal - - - - #hasInitialState - A relation which connects a Transition to the Situation it starts from. - - - - #hasInitialState - has initial state - - - - #hasInputParameter - A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. - - - - #hasInputParameter - A relation from an EventType (typically, a Task) and a parameter describing some state of affairs before the event classified by the EventType takes place, and which contributes towards that event happening. - - - - #hasInputParameter - has input parameter - - - - #hasIntervalBegin - A relation recording when some TimeInterval started. - - - - #hasIntervalBegin - has interval begin - - - - #hasIntervalEnd - A relation recording when a TimeInterval ended. - - - - #hasIntervalEnd - has interval end - - - - #hasIntervalTime - Superproperty of relations used to connect moments in time to a TimeInterval. - - - - #hasIntervalTime - has interval time - - - - #hasNameString - A relation recording some identifier associated to an Entity. - - - - #hasNameString - has name string - - - - #hasOutputParameter - A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. - - - - #hasOutputParameter - A relation from an EventType (typically a Task) to a Parameter describing an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. - - - - #hasOutputParameter - has output parameter - - - - #hasPersistentIdentifier - A property linking an InformationRealization to a persistent identifier such as a DOI, which can then be used to obtain an address at which the realization (i.e. digital file) can be retrieved. - - - - #hasPhase - A relation used to describe the structure of an Action or Process in terms of phases, i.e. subprocesses and states that occur during its unfolding. - - - - #hasPhase - has phase - - - - #hasPhysicalComponent - A relation used to describe the structure of a PhysicalObject in terms of physical components, i.e. what other PhysicalObjects are components of it. - - - - #hasPhysicalComponent - has physical component - - - - #hasSoftwareAgent - A relation from an Event and the SoftwareAgent responsible for making that Event happen. - - - - #hasSoftwareAgent - has software agent - - - - #hasStatus - A relation from an Entity to a Quality that is indicative of the Entity's state, e.g. if it is a device, its state of operation. - - - - #hasStatus - has status - - - - #hasTerminalState - A relation from a Transition to the Situation it ends in. - - - - #hasTerminalState - has terminal state - - - - #includesConcept - A relation recording that a Situation has a Concept as participant in some sort of role. - - - - #includesConcept - includes concept - - - - #includesRecord - A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject - - - - #includesSituation - A relation recording that a Situation has a (sub) Situation as participant in some role. - - - - #includesSituation - includes situation - - - - #involvesArtifact - Artifact participation. - - - - #involvesArtifact - involves artifact - - - - #involvesPlace - A relation recording that an Event makes some use of a PhysicalPlace. Typically this place is where the Event is located. - - - - #involvesPlace - involves place - - - - #isArtifactInvolvedIn - Artifact participation. - - - - #isArtifactInvolvedIn - is artifact involved in - - - - #isCausedByEvent - A relation recording that a Transition is the result of some Event. - - - - #isCausedByEvent - is caused by event - - - - #isConceptIncludedIn - A relation recording that a Concept participates in a Situation in some way. - - - - #isConceptIncludedIn - is concept included in - - - - #isContainedIn - The inverse of the contains relation. See the contains relation for details. - - - - #isContainedIn - is contained in - - - - #isInitialStateOf - A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition began. - - - - #isInitialStateOf - is initial state of - - - - #isInputParameterFor - A relation between a Task and one of its input parameters. - - - - #isInputParameterFor - A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes some state of affairs that precedes and will contribute to the event classified by the EventType. - - - - #isInputParameterFor - is input parameter for - - - - #isInputRoleOf - A relation between an input roles and its Task. - - - - #isInputRoleOf - is input role of - - - - #isOccurrenceOf - A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. - - - - #isOccurrenceOf - is occurence of - - - - #isOccurringIn - A relation between an event and an event type, e.g. 'taking the cup from the table' is an occurence of the motion 'approaching'. - - - - #isOccurringIn - is occurring in - - - - #isOutputParameterFor - A relation between a Task and one of its output parameters. - - - - #isOutputParameterFor - A relation from a Parameter to an EventType (typically, a Task). The parameter describes an outcome of the event classified by the EventType. - - - - #isOutputParameterFor - is output parameter for - - - - #isOutputRoleOf - A relation between an output roles and its Task. - - - - #isOutputRoleOf - is output role of - - - - #isPlaceInvolvedIn - A relation recording that a PhysicalPlace is involved in some Event; typically, this is where the Event is located. - - - - #isPlaceInvolvedIn - is place involved in - - - - #isPlanFor - A special relation between a Plan and a Task, to indicate that the Plan describes a way to achieve the Task. - - - - #isPlanFor - is plan for - - - - #isPlanFor - Note that DUL already says Plans can define Tasks, but that relation is used differently: a Plan defines a Task because it contains it as a step. - - - - #isRecordIncludedBy - A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. - - - - #isReificationOf - An auxiliary property that is used to generate object individuals, called reifications, from any other Entity, e.g. from relations, classes, data types. These reifications can then be used in DL axioms as any other named individual. - - - - #isReificationOf - is reification of - - - - #isSituationIncludedIn - A relation recording that a Situation participates in another in some role, or can be considered as a subsituation of the other. - - - - #isSituationIncludedIn - is situation included in - - - - #isTaskOfInputRole - A relation between a Task and one of its input roles. - - - - #isTaskOfInputRole - is task of input role - - - - #isTaskOfOutputRole - A relation between a Task and one of its output roles. - - - - #isTaskOfOutputRole - is task of output role - - - - #isTerminalStateOf - A relation recording that a Situation was where a Transition ended. - - - - #isTerminalStateOf - is terminal state of - - - - #meets - m - - - - #meets - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. - - - - #metBy - mi - - - - #metBy - A relation between entities, expressing a 'sequence' schema where one of the entities exactly ends where the other entity starts. - - - - #metBy - met by - - - - #nickname - Similar to rdfs:label, but without GUI or reasoner impact in Protege; avoiding Protege problems is why this is not a label subproperty. Nicknames are used by particular software working with the ontology as a way to give community-specific names to concepts. Communities are identified by the subproperty of nickname. - - - - #overlappedBy - oi - - - - #overlappedBy - A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". - - - - #overlappedBy - overlapped by - - - - #overlappedOn - o - - - - #overlappedOn - A schematic relation between any entities that also implies ordering, e.g. "she has worked into the night". - - - - #overlappedOn - overlapped on - - - - #simultaneous - = - - - - #simultaneous - `A simultaneous B` means that A strictly starts and ends at the same time instant as B, i.e. their temporal extend is equal. - - - - #startedBy - si - - - - #startedBy - `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". - - - - #startedBy - started by - - - - #starts - s - - - - #starts - `A starts B` means that A starts exactly where B starts, and that A strictly ends before B. As in "I start my day with a coffee". - - - - #symbol - An annotation property which should be used to record by what symbols or abbreviations, if any, some relation or entity is known in scientific literature. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#Action - The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal. - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationObject - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, homeomeric, and processes are not. This means that, when considering time slices of an event, for states, these time slices always have the same type as the state, but for processes this is not the case. + + + + + + + + + A role that can be played by some parameter which indicates the state of affairs of some entity, e.g. a flag describing the outcome of an action in terms of success or failure, or an indicator of whether a device is turned on or off. + + + + + + + + + A diagnosis of the fullfilment of a goal that motivates the behavior of a system. + Success diagnosis + + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation with a goal that was achieved by some system. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A functional diagnosis of a technical system. + Technical diagnosis + + + + + + + + + A role played by a parameter which indicates some value that, when crossed, triggers some condition. + + + + + + + + + A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. + + + + + + + + + + + + + The EASE view: an Action is an Event in which an Agent executes some Task, typically defined by a Workflow, towards the achievement of some Goal. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: @@ -2295,12 +1377,54 @@ InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationRealization - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#type + + + + + + + + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: @@ -2311,45 +1435,14 @@ InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - - http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#realizesSelfInformation - realizes self information - - - - xsd:string - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + + + realizes self information + + + + + From c1456027b03c4e9be2c4ca40201954135f3465b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 14:42:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 64/92] Implemented conversion of some GCIs --- scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java | 6 +- .../main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java | 2 + .../main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java | 2 + .../java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java | 2 + .../ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java | 74 +++++++++++++++++++ .../main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java | 4 +- 6 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java index bd419132..c342471d 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java @@ -20,10 +20,14 @@ public class CIRunner implements CommandLineRunner { @Autowired private OntologySaver ontologySaver; + @Autowired + private SubclassNothingRewriter gciRewriter; + @Override public void run(final String... args) throws Exception { - final CIRunnable[] toRun = {isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, ontologySaver}; + // final CIRunnable[] toRun = {isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, ontologySaver}; + final CIRunnable[] toRun = {gciRewriter, ontologySaver}; for (final var next : toRun) { next.run(); } diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java index c9262aa4..4ba345ba 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils; @@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier; @Component +@Lazy public class Collapser implements CIRunnable { /** diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java index 86926080..60db0549 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/IsDefinedInAdder.java @@ -10,12 +10,14 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.HashSet; @Component +@Lazy public class IsDefinedInAdder implements CIRunnable { /** diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java index 4e6c5380..1ba34695 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/OntologySaver.java @@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component +@Lazy public class OntologySaver implements CIRunnable { /** diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e8125606 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +package main.ci_runners; + +import main.OntologyManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import java.util.Optional; + +@Component +@Lazy +public class SubclassNothingRewriter implements CIRunnable { + + /** + * {@link Logger} of this class. + */ + private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SubclassNothingRewriter.class); + + private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + + @Autowired + public SubclassNothingRewriter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { + this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + } + + + @Override + public void run() { + ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies().forEach(this::rewriteGCIs); + } + + private void rewriteGCIs(final OWLOntology ontology) { + final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); + final var gcis = ontology.getGeneralClassAxioms(); + if (gcis.isEmpty()) { + return; + } + LOGGER.info("Rewriting the following GCIs from ontology {}", iri); + + gcis.forEach(next -> { + final Optional rewritten = rewrite(next); + if (rewritten.isEmpty()) { + return; + } + LOGGER.info("Rewrote {} to {}", next, rewritten.get()); + ontology.removeAxiom(next); + ontology.add(rewritten.get()); + }); + + } + + private static Optional rewrite(final OWLAxiom gci) { + final var df = OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory(); + if (gci instanceof OWLSubClassOfAxiom subClassOfAxiom) { + if (!subClassOfAxiom.getSuperClass().isOWLNothing()) { + return Optional.empty(); + } + if (subClassOfAxiom.getSubClass() instanceof OWLObjectIntersectionOf intersection) { + return Optional.of(df.getOWLDisjointClassesAxiom(intersection.operands(), gci.getAnnotations())); + } + if (subClassOfAxiom.getSubClass() instanceof OWLObjectSomeValuesFrom someValuesFrom) { + return Optional.of(df.getOWLObjectPropertyRangeAxiom(someValuesFrom.getProperty(), + df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( + someValuesFrom.getFiller()), + gci.getAnnotations())); + } + } + return Optional.empty(); + } +} diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java index b07840cf..9ae20d65 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/VersionInfoAdder.java @@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component +@Lazy public class VersionInfoAdder implements CIRunnable { - /** * {@link Logger} of this class. */ @@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ public class VersionInfoAdder implements CIRunnable { private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; - private final String versionInfo; @Autowired From 184ed3c0884d46abc39051ae817356d826f57a7d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 14:48:38 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 65/92] Added the standard rdf_xml (mixed it up with owl_xml before) --- scripts/java/application.yaml | 10 +++++----- .../main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java | 4 +++- 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 1537525d..eedf09f2 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ontology: - directory: ../../owl/ - format: XML - to-collapse: + directory: ../../owl/ # where to load the ontologies from + format: rdf_xml # which format to use (optional - if not given, the default format will be used). Possible Values: xml, owl_xml, functional, manchester (the latter is not recommended because GCIs will get lost). Parameter is not case sensitive. + to-collapse: # which ontologies to collapse - ontology: SOMA-All out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA.owl - except: DUL - new-iri: https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/owl/current/SOMA.owl + except: DUL # Optional, which ontologies should not be merged but still be imported + new-iri: https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/owl/current/SOMA.owl # Optional, if the IRI of the collapsed version should be different from the original - ontology: SOMA-HOME out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl except: DUL \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java index 4f294df1..3314b875 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/converter/OWLDocumentFormatConverter.java @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.FunctionalSyntaxDocumentFormat; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.ManchesterSyntaxDocumentFormat; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.OWLXMLDocumentFormat; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.formats.RDFXMLDocumentFormat; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDocumentFormat; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBinding; import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter; @@ -15,7 +16,8 @@ public class OWLDocumentFormatConverter implements Converter new OWLXMLDocumentFormat(); + case "RDF_XML" -> new RDFXMLDocumentFormat(); + case "OWL_XML" -> new OWLXMLDocumentFormat(); case "FUNCTIONAL" -> new FunctionalSyntaxDocumentFormat(); case "MANCHESTER" -> new ManchesterSyntaxDocumentFormat(); default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected value: " + source); From d2c432fa973c0433e02267ec72a777880354b884 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 14:50:02 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 66/92] Fixed run order --- scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java | 3 +-- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java index c342471d..fe3bbdb3 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java @@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ public class CIRunner implements CommandLineRunner { @Override public void run(final String... args) throws Exception { - // final CIRunnable[] toRun = {isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, ontologySaver}; - final CIRunnable[] toRun = {gciRewriter, ontologySaver}; + final CIRunnable[] toRun = {gciRewriter, isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, ontologySaver}; for (final var next : toRun) { next.run(); } From 99705e515181135a98ff7afc050faa5c32fd3f1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 16:41:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 67/92] Fixing the generation of SOMA-HOME --- scripts/java/application.yaml | 2 +- .../main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java | 31 +++++++++++++------ .../main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java | 3 +- 3 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index eedf09f2..692f2ff8 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ontology: new-iri: https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/owl/current/SOMA.owl # Optional, if the IRI of the collapsed version should be different from the original - ontology: SOMA-HOME out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl - except: DUL \ No newline at end of file + except: DUL, SOMA \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java index c9262aa4..2f849bd1 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java @@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Optional; +import java.util.Set; import java.util.function.Supplier; +import java.util.stream.Collectors; @Component public class Collapser implements CIRunnable { @@ -75,16 +77,27 @@ private static void addAxioms(final OWLOntology collapsed, final OWLOntology toC return; } // hard way - toCollapse.imports().forEach(next -> { - if (CollapseConfig.containsReferenceOf(except, next)) { - final var iri = next.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); - LOGGER.info("{} will be imported instead of merged", iri); - collapsed.applyChange( - new AddImport(collapsed, OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory().getOWLImportsDeclaration(iri))); - } else { - collapsed.addAxioms(next.axioms(Imports.EXCLUDED)); - } + final Set importingImports = toCollapse.imports() + .filter(next -> CollapseConfig.containsReferenceOf(except, + next)) + .collect(Collectors.toSet()); + importingImports.forEach(next -> System.out.println(next.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI())); + + final Set transitiveImports = importingImports.stream().flatMap(OWLOntology::imports) + .collect(Collectors.toSet()); + final Set mergingImports = + toCollapse.imports().filter(next -> !(importingImports.contains(next) || + transitiveImports.contains(next))).collect(Collectors.toSet()); + + importingImports.forEach(next -> { + final var iri = next.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); + LOGGER.info("{} will be imported instead of merged", iri); + collapsed.applyChange( + new AddImport(collapsed, OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory().getOWLImportsDeclaration(iri))); }); + + mergingImports.forEach(next -> collapsed.addAxioms(next.axioms(Imports.EXCLUDED))); + } private static IRI getRequestedIRI(final CollapseConfig collapseConfig, final HasOntologyID toCollapse) { diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java index be34bf94..1e7bdd07 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/config/CollapseConfig.java @@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ public boolean isReferenceOf(final HasOntologyID ontology) { public static boolean containsReferenceOf(final Collection references, final HasOntologyID ontology) { final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI(); - return iri.isPresent() && - references.stream().findAny().stream().anyMatch(next -> iri.get().toString().endsWith(next + ".owl")); + return iri.isPresent() && references.stream().anyMatch(next -> iri.get().toString().endsWith(next + ".owl")); } } From 979b32007ad327d61e1a6489bf24daafa5a84fae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 16:44:13 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 68/92] Fixing the IRI of collapsed SOMA --- scripts/java/application.yaml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 692f2ff8..36140a1a 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ontology: - ontology: SOMA-All out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA.owl except: DUL # Optional, which ontologies should not be merged but still be imported - new-iri: https://ease-crc.github.io/soma/owl/current/SOMA.owl # Optional, if the IRI of the collapsed version should be different from the original + new-iri: http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl # Optional, if the IRI of the collapsed version should be different from the original - ontology: SOMA-HOME out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl except: DUL, SOMA \ No newline at end of file From 9eff489fdc426415d80408ca58438cf44d3e004c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 16:54:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 69/92] Update Collapser.java --- scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java | 8 +++++--- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java index 2f849bd1..4c3ef2a7 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Collection; +import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.Set; import java.util.function.Supplier; @@ -85,9 +86,10 @@ private static void addAxioms(final OWLOntology collapsed, final OWLOntology toC final Set transitiveImports = importingImports.stream().flatMap(OWLOntology::imports) .collect(Collectors.toSet()); - final Set mergingImports = - toCollapse.imports().filter(next -> !(importingImports.contains(next) || - transitiveImports.contains(next))).collect(Collectors.toSet()); + final Set mergingImports = new HashSet<>(); + toCollapse.imports().filter(next -> !(importingImports.contains(next) || transitiveImports.contains(next))) + .collect(Collectors.toSet()).forEach(mergingImports::add); + mergingImports.add(toCollapse); importingImports.forEach(next -> { final var iri = next.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); From a34e63b049467e0b2cf4cc2a46049587f77c7213 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 17:24:14 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 70/92] SOMA-HOME fix --- owl/SOMA-HOME.owl | 15 +++++++++------ scripts/java/application.yaml | 2 +- .../src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java | 9 ++++----- 3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl index 8902906f..94418c3f 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ - + SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. @@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ A cuboid-shaped container. - + @@ -75,10 +76,9 @@ A knife to cut bread. + - - @@ -763,6 +763,8 @@ An instrument composed of a blade fixed into a handle, used for cutting or as a weapon. + + @@ -933,3 +935,4 @@ + diff --git a/scripts/java/application.yaml b/scripts/java/application.yaml index 36140a1a..075f11d5 100644 --- a/scripts/java/application.yaml +++ b/scripts/java/application.yaml @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ontology: new-iri: http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl # Optional, if the IRI of the collapsed version should be different from the original - ontology: SOMA-HOME out-path: ../../build/owl/current/SOMA-HOME.owl - except: DUL, SOMA \ No newline at end of file + except: DUL \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java index 4c3ef2a7..0cfa715c 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/Collapser.java @@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Collection; -import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.Set; import java.util.function.Supplier; @@ -82,13 +81,13 @@ private static void addAxioms(final OWLOntology collapsed, final OWLOntology toC .filter(next -> CollapseConfig.containsReferenceOf(except, next)) .collect(Collectors.toSet()); - importingImports.forEach(next -> System.out.println(next.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI())); final Set transitiveImports = importingImports.stream().flatMap(OWLOntology::imports) .collect(Collectors.toSet()); - final Set mergingImports = new HashSet<>(); - toCollapse.imports().filter(next -> !(importingImports.contains(next) || transitiveImports.contains(next))) - .collect(Collectors.toSet()).forEach(mergingImports::add); + + final Set mergingImports = + toCollapse.imports().filter(next -> !(importingImports.contains(next) || + transitiveImports.contains(next))).collect(Collectors.toSet()); mergingImports.add(toCollapse); importingImports.forEach(next -> { From 785ae58ab58a663005598e579874c5e44680e52a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 17:31:26 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 71/92] Fixed catalog --- owl/catalog-v001.xml | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/catalog-v001.xml b/owl/catalog-v001.xml index 329bde35..2b7b20cf 100644 --- a/owl/catalog-v001.xml +++ b/owl/catalog-v001.xml @@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ - + - + From 73fb1014743cc43eeb467fc467575237f5c54f2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 17:32:11 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 72/92] changed iri --- owl/SOMA-HOME.owl | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl index 94418c3f..703979a1 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-HOME.owl @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> - + SOMA-HOME defines the concepts that are specific to home, e.g. kitchen environment, household items. From b6d7a3b886af950941c9ef32644181edea6d54da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 17:45:09 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 73/92] minor fix for oops --- scripts/oops.py | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/oops.py b/scripts/oops.py index a35c058e..790ab73c 100755 --- a/scripts/oops.py +++ b/scripts/oops.py @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def oops(owl_file): content = f.read() f.close() # - xml_content = """ + xml_content = (""" @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def oops(owl_file): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,19,20,21,22,25,25,26,27,28,29 XML - """ % content + """ % content).encode("UTF-8") headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/xml', 'Connection': 'Keep-Alive' } From f7be038f597c9348718b2ceb06bc7623c8b90519 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Sun, 24 Jul 2022 17:48:17 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 74/92] fix vocab creation --- docs/vocab/SOMA-vocabulary.tex | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/docs/vocab/SOMA-vocabulary.tex b/docs/vocab/SOMA-vocabulary.tex index 55110ab3..a927d06d 100644 --- a/docs/vocab/SOMA-vocabulary.tex +++ b/docs/vocab/SOMA-vocabulary.tex @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from owl_reader import OWLReader OWL_FILES=[ - "http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl" + "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ease-crc/soma/master/owl/SOMA.owl" ] reader = OWLReader(OWL_FILES) From e7f9760f114e3b4fbdbda3a4b8f810f9d49edcaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 11:48:28 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 75/92] Fix for wrong rewriting of more complex GCIs --- .../ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java | 37 ++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java index e8125606..5b68e469 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public class SubclassNothingRewriter implements CIRunnable { * {@link Logger} of this class. */ private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SubclassNothingRewriter.class); - + private static final OWLDataFactory df = OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory(); private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; @Autowired @@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ public SubclassNothingRewriter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager) { @Override public void run() { - ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies().forEach(this::rewriteGCIs); + ontologyManager.getOntologyManager().getOntologies().forEach(SubclassNothingRewriter::rewriteGCIs); } - private void rewriteGCIs(final OWLOntology ontology) { - final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI().get(); + private static void rewriteGCIs(final OWLOntology ontology) { + @SuppressWarnings("OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent") final var iri = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI() + .get(); final var gcis = ontology.getGeneralClassAxioms(); if (gcis.isEmpty()) { return; @@ -53,22 +54,38 @@ private void rewriteGCIs(final OWLOntology ontology) { } + @SuppressWarnings("ChainOfInstanceofChecks") private static Optional rewrite(final OWLAxiom gci) { - final var df = OWLManager.getOWLDataFactory(); if (gci instanceof OWLSubClassOfAxiom subClassOfAxiom) { if (!subClassOfAxiom.getSuperClass().isOWLNothing()) { return Optional.empty(); } if (subClassOfAxiom.getSubClass() instanceof OWLObjectIntersectionOf intersection) { - return Optional.of(df.getOWLDisjointClassesAxiom(intersection.operands(), gci.getAnnotations())); + return rewriteIntersectionSubclassNothing(intersection); } if (subClassOfAxiom.getSubClass() instanceof OWLObjectSomeValuesFrom someValuesFrom) { - return Optional.of(df.getOWLObjectPropertyRangeAxiom(someValuesFrom.getProperty(), - df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( - someValuesFrom.getFiller()), - gci.getAnnotations())); + final var rewriting = df.getOWLObjectPropertyRangeAxiom(someValuesFrom.getProperty(), + df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( + someValuesFrom.getFiller()), + gci.getAnnotations()); + return Optional.of(rewriting); } } return Optional.empty(); } + + private static Optional rewriteIntersectionSubclassNothing(final OWLObjectIntersectionOf intersection) { + var atomicClass = intersection.operands().filter(AsOWLClass::isOWLClass).findAny(); + if (atomicClass.isEmpty()) { + atomicClass = intersection.operands().findFirst(); + } + if (atomicClass.isEmpty()) { + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Corrupted GCI:" + intersection + " subclass of owl:Nothing"); + } + + final OWLClassExpression finalAtomicClass = atomicClass.get(); + final var rewriting = df.getOWLEquivalentClassesAxiom(finalAtomicClass, df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( + df.getOWLObjectIntersectionOf(intersection.operands().filter(next -> !next.equals(finalAtomicClass))))); + return Optional.of(rewriting); + } } From 1a89e68ae6f837a0079d1d7f11008e3c5e74a6be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 12:07:47 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 76/92] Revert "Moved Designed Tool" This reverts commit a23eb557982aea8dc76452803e6be398000c2c96. --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 10 +++++ owl/SOMA.owl | 110 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index af8b4be5..5152955c 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -2208,6 +2208,16 @@ The paradigmatic example is the Agent performing an Action -- the Agent is the e + + + + + An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. + Designed tool + + + + diff --git a/owl/SOMA.owl b/owl/SOMA.owl index 5f01797b..54998a95 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA.owl @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ + + + @@ -398,18 +401,6 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - - - - - - - - A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject - - - - @@ -611,13 +602,14 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re - + - - - - - A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an Event has been recorded by an InformationObject @@ -731,6 +723,17 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + + + A relationship indicating that an InformationObject is a recording of an Event. + + + + @@ -995,6 +998,20 @@ Sub-properties are used to distinct between different cases of event endpoint re + + + + + An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. + + + + + + + + + @@ -1076,16 +1093,6 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of - - - - - An item designed to enable some action, in which it will play an instrumental role. - Designed tool - - - - @@ -1153,15 +1160,6 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of - - - - - An episode in which one or more human beings perform an activity and are recorded doing so. - - - - @@ -1178,8 +1176,6 @@ Such an event does NOT fall under the definition of Accident here. An example of A description of a situation with a goal that is impossible to achieve in some situational context. - - @@ -1339,8 +1335,7 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom A description of a situation with a goal that was not or not fully achieved by some system. - - + @@ -1355,25 +1350,6 @@ The difference between states and processes is that states are, in addition, hom - - - - In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. - -As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: - -InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ -InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC - - -Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier - -InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' -InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' - - - - @@ -1447,6 +1423,20 @@ InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// --> + + In SOMA-compliant systems, the way to use InformationObjects to specify extra data about an individual entity is to employ the 'is about' and 'expresses' properties (or their inverses 'is reference of' and 'is expressed by') and to supply a persistent identifier for a realization of the InformationObject. + +As a prototypical example, consider an individual called Action_XYZ, about which we have some data for which the meaning is described by Description_ABC. The data would be an individual InformationObject_DEF, and the following property assertions would hold: + +InformationObject_DEF 'is about' Action_XYZ +InformationObject_DEF expresses Description_ABC + + +Usually, an individual InformationObject would be connected to (at least) an InformationRealization individual. For example, suppose there is such an InformationRealization individual, InformationRealization_123. Then, this individual will have data properties describing its format and persistent identifier + +InformationRealization_123 hasPersistentIdentifier 'doi' +InformationRealization_123 hasDataFormat 'urdf' + realizes self information From a0bf890534b9fa4866ddebf071ea7abbe3c65fa8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 12:09:41 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 77/92] Import SOMA OBJ to SOMA IO --- owl/SOMA-IO.owl | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl index c048af17..e265bbeb 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-IO.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-IO.owl @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ xmlns:SOMA="http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"> + From af8bc19f279ffef57853a14b969801e6330d8033 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 12:49:47 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 78/92] Moved Release Notes in separate file --- README.md | 73 +----------------------------------------------- RELEASE_NOTES.md | 0 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 72 deletions(-) create mode 100644 RELEASE_NOTES.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 200ae6d1..63ea0d6c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -14,78 +14,7 @@ Our extensions mainly focus on characterizing different aspects of activities th ## Release Notes -### Upcoming (expected version is 2.0.0) -* BREAKING CHANGE: Removal of `IOLite` -
    - Details -
      -
    • - Reason: incompatible with DUL-v32 -
      • -
    • - Note: Some important concepts, e.g. IOLite#DigitalResource, are still referenced in the taxonomy for backwards-compatibility. If you are missing any crucial concepts/roles, let us know -
      • -
    • - Ongoing effort to create a model of CRAM (see next point) will replace some of the IOLite taxonomy at some point -
      • -
    -
    -* BREAKING CHANGE: Complete and still ongoing remodeling of `SOMA-IO` -
    - Details -
      -
    • - Reason: Was in a primitive state; we need a better model of IO stuff to model CRAM -
      • -
    • - Note: Removal/resorting of various concepts and roles. To the best of our knowledge, these should not have been in use anyway - please let us know if you are missing anything -
      • -
    -
    -* BREAKING CHANGE: New ontology in the import structure: `SOMA NEEM` -
    - Details - Some SOMA entities, e.g., KynoDinamicData, have been decided to be too specific for the basic SOMA ontology. These have been moved to SOMA NEEM, which is of course part of the collapsed SOMA version -
    -* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles -* Feat: Metadata for Episodes, e.g., to represent a temporal context or a table setting -* Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development -
    - Details - When opening SOMA locally from the cloned repository, Protégé will follow the IRI redirects in the catalog file from the same folder. There, we redirected the imports from the online version to the local version. This allows offline editing, while not changing anything when opening the ontologies via the IRI elsewhere -
    -* Feat: We now host and use our own, modified copy of `DUL` -
    - Details -
      -
    • - Reason: DUL is unreliable (e.g., down for a whole week and no one can open SOMA) -
      • -
    • - As a side effect, we can make changes to DUL, if necessary (yes, we will be very careful) -
        -
      • - Removed italian lables -
        • -
      • - Added missing annotations of `rdfs:isDefinedIn` (only for DUL concepts / roles) -
        • -
      • - Removed unnecessary annotations of author and date -
        • -
      • - Added missing english labels -
        • -
      -
      • -
    -
    -### 1.2.0 -* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you get information why stuff might break! -
    - Details - The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/1.2.0/SOMA-STATE.owl. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl, now refers to the latest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release), and is referred to "Upcoming" at the top! -
    +You can find the list of historic, current and upcoming SOMA versions here: [Release_Notes.md](RELEASE_NOTES.md) ## Further Information diff --git a/RELEASE_NOTES.md b/RELEASE_NOTES.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e69de29b From 42cb533c5ddc22f5dca51f3d32a44232e693cdbf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 12:52:06 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 79/92] Update RELEASE_NOTES.md --- RELEASE_NOTES.md | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 74 insertions(+) diff --git a/RELEASE_NOTES.md b/RELEASE_NOTES.md index e69de29b..47cfae57 100644 --- a/RELEASE_NOTES.md +++ b/RELEASE_NOTES.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +# Release Notes + +## Upcoming (expected version is 2.0.0) +* BREAKING CHANGE: Removal of `IOLite` +
    + Details +
      +
    • + Reason: incompatible with DUL-v32 +
      • +
    • + Note: Some important concepts, e.g. IOLite#DigitalResource, are still referenced in the taxonomy for backwards-compatibility. If you are missing any crucial concepts/roles, let us know +
      • +
    • + Ongoing effort to create a model of CRAM (see next point) will replace some of the IOLite taxonomy at some point +
      • +
    +
    +* BREAKING CHANGE: Complete and still ongoing remodeling of `SOMA-IO` +
    + Details +
      +
    • + Reason: Was in a primitive state; we need a better model of IO stuff to model CRAM +
      • +
    • + Note: Removal/resorting of various concepts and roles. To the best of our knowledge, these should not have been in use anyway - please let us know if you are missing anything +
      • +
    +
    +* BREAKING CHANGE: New ontology in the import structure: `SOMA NEEM` +
    + Details + Some SOMA entities, e.g., KynoDinamicData, have been decided to be too specific for the basic SOMA ontology. These have been moved to SOMA NEEM, which is of course part of the collapsed SOMA version +
    +* Feat: Added mising labels to various concepts and roles +* Feat: Metadata for Episodes, e.g., to represent a temporal context or a table setting +* Feat: Protégé-setup for offline development +
    + Details + When opening SOMA locally from the cloned repository, Protégé will follow the IRI redirects in the catalog file from the same folder. There, we redirected the imports from the online version to the local version. This allows offline editing, while not changing anything when opening the ontologies via the IRI elsewhere +
    +* Feat: We now host and use our own, modified copy of `DUL` +
    + Details +
      +
    • + Reason: DUL is unreliable (e.g., down for a whole week and no one can open SOMA) +
      • +
    • + As a side effect, we can make changes to DUL, if necessary (yes, we will be very careful) +
        +
      • + Removed italian lables +
        • +
      • + Added missing annotations of `rdfs:isDefinedIn` (only for DUL concepts / roles) +
        • +
      • + Removed unnecessary annotations of author and date +
        • +
      • + Added missing english labels +
        • +
      +
      • +
    +
    +## 1.2.0 +* Base release for starting the changelog! Yay, now you get information why stuff might break! +
    + Details + The SOMA ontologies can now be accessed via a version IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/1.2.0/SOMA-STATE.owl. These are guaranteed to stay the way they are. The basic ontology IRI, e.g., http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA-STATE.owl, now refers to the latest version that is available (not neccessary associated to a stable release), and is referred to "Upcoming" at the top! +
    \ No newline at end of file From 4e4644abc24438199ef4f393a8c6c3c6822becca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 14:21:45 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 80/92] Fix equivalent => subclass --- .../src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java index 5b68e469..bc1171b6 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/SubclassNothingRewriter.java @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ private static Optional rewriteIntersectionSubclassNothing(final OWLOb } final OWLClassExpression finalAtomicClass = atomicClass.get(); - final var rewriting = df.getOWLEquivalentClassesAxiom(finalAtomicClass, df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( + final var rewriting = df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(finalAtomicClass, df.getOWLObjectComplementOf( df.getOWLObjectIntersectionOf(intersection.operands().filter(next -> !next.equals(finalAtomicClass))))); return Optional.of(rewriting); } From 44fa23645793c90c7876a82a9ec9e3f474098b76 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 14:53:29 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 81/92] Moved some labels to the correct ontology --- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 17 ----------------- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 3 +++ 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index 9479fd2d..2e84450b 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -1376,23 +1376,6 @@ As such, an explicit assertion is needed to make a Situation a nonmanifested one - - - - transitions back - - - transitions from - - - - + + org.jgrapht + jgrapht-core + 1.5.1 + diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java index fe3bbdb3..f81b8406 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/CIRunner.java @@ -23,10 +23,14 @@ public class CIRunner implements CommandLineRunner { @Autowired private SubclassNothingRewriter gciRewriter; + @Autowired + private PropertyListExporter propertyListExporter; + @Override public void run(final String... args) throws Exception { - final CIRunnable[] toRun = {gciRewriter, isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, ontologySaver}; + final CIRunnable[] toRun = {gciRewriter, isDefinedInAdder, versionInfoAdder, collapser, propertyListExporter, + ontologySaver}; for (final var next : toRun) { next.run(); } diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java index dd4577d4..87a706a0 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/OntologyManager.java @@ -1,6 +1,10 @@ package main; import main.config.OntologyConfig; +import org.jgrapht.Graph; +import org.jgrapht.alg.connectivity.GabowStrongConnectivityInspector; +import org.jgrapht.graph.DefaultDirectedGraph; +import org.jgrapht.graph.DefaultEdge; import org.protege.xmlcatalog.owlapi.XMLCatalogIRIMapper; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager; import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.*; @@ -16,6 +20,7 @@ import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; +import java.util.stream.Stream; /** * Class to manage the resources that are associated with an {@link OWLOntology}. @@ -75,4 +80,29 @@ private void loadOntology(final File ontologyFile) throws OWLOntologyCreationExc public OWLOntologyManager getOntologyManager() { return ontologyManager; } + + /** + * @return A {@link Stream} of a subset of the managed {@link OWLOntology}s such that their imports include all + * managed ontologies + */ + public Stream mainOntologies() { + // condensate import structure to strongly connected components + final var condensation = new GabowStrongConnectivityInspector<>(graphOfImportStructure()).getCondensation(); + + // get roots of condensation + //noinspection OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent + return condensation.vertexSet().stream().filter(key -> condensation.incomingEdgesOf(key).isEmpty()) + .map(next -> next.vertexSet().stream().findAny().get()); + } + + /** + * @return A {@link Graph} with all managed {@link OWLOntology}s as vertices and edges from o1 to o2 if o1 imports + * o2 + */ + public Graph graphOfImportStructure() { + final DefaultDirectedGraph graph = new DefaultDirectedGraph<>(DefaultEdge.class); + ontologyManager.ontologies().forEach(graph::addVertex); + ontologyManager.ontologies().forEach(next -> next.getDirectImports().forEach(imp -> graph.addEdge(next, imp))); + return graph; + } } diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java new file mode 100644 index 00000000..561ed279 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +package main.ci_runners; + +import main.OntologyManager; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology; +import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.parameters.Imports; +import org.slf4j.Logger; +import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; +import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; +import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy; +import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; + +import java.io.IOException; +import java.nio.file.Files; +import java.nio.file.Path; +import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption; +import java.util.stream.Collectors; + +@Component +@Lazy +public class PropertyListExporter implements CIRunnable { + + private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PropertyListExporter.class); + private final Path path; + private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; + + @Autowired + public PropertyListExporter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, @Value("${propertyListPath}") final Path path) { + this.path = path; + this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; + } + + @Override + public void run() throws IOException { + for (final OWLOntology owlOntology : ontologyManager.mainOntologies().collect(Collectors.toSet())) { + exportProperties(owlOntology); + } + } + + private void exportProperties(final OWLOntology ontology) throws IOException { + @SuppressWarnings("OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent") String fileName = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI() + .get().getShortForm(); + fileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.length() - 5); + if (!path.toFile().mkdirs()) { + throw new IOException("Could not create dir " + path.toAbsolutePath()); + } + logger.info("Writing object- and dataProperties of {} to {}_[object,data]Properties", fileName, + path.resolve(fileName).toAbsolutePath()); + Files.write(path.resolve(fileName + "_objectProperties"), + ontology.objectPropertiesInSignature(Imports.INCLUDED) + .map(next -> (CharSequence) next.toString())::iterator, + StandardOpenOption.CREATE); + Files.write(path.resolve(fileName + "_dataProperties"), ontology.dataPropertiesInSignature(Imports.INCLUDED) + .map(next -> (CharSequence) next.toString())::iterator, + StandardOpenOption.CREATE); + } +} From 3c1a46f041392679b4f70f9476c98dd2d081d649 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Thu, 28 Jul 2022 11:52:25 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 86/92] typo in pouredObject is removed and comment in pourable is updated --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index e96dfc54..deec4ea6 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -1656,17 +1656,17 @@ There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they a - + - The disposition of an object (the barrier) which makes it able to be poured into or onto other objects. For example a liquid is pourable into a container. + The disposition of a fluid or substance which makes it possible to pour it out of a container and into or onto other objects, a role of some fluid or substance that is the patient of pouring task.     - + - + An object being poured into or onto some other object. From 9c894fb9fe74a4361c2b8b8ef07e6b9daa21618a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AbhijitVyas Date: Thu, 28 Jul 2022 16:01:48 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 87/92] comments are updated --- owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl | 27 ++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl index cb13d318..8274f670 100644 --- a/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-OBJ.owl @@ -189,18 +189,6 @@ - - - - - - - - A relation between physical objects and their mass. - is mass attribute of - - - @@ -1674,7 +1662,7 @@ There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they a - The disposition of a fluid or substance which makes it possible to pour it out of a container and into or onto other objects, a role of some fluid or substance that is the patient of pouring task. + The disposition of a fluid or substance which makes it possible to pour it out of a container and into or onto other objects. @@ -1683,7 +1671,7 @@ There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they a - An object being poured into or onto some other object. + An object being poured into or onto some other object. A role of some fluid or substance that is the patient of pouring task. @@ -1720,6 +1708,8 @@ There can be non-physical artificial agents such as software programs but they a Revolute joint     + + @@ -2673,15 +2663,6 @@ The intention behind such a simple role is to have a way to represent, in a sche - - - - - The disposition of an object (e.g. the handle) to afford grasping the object. - - - - From d6c177ed88cf8dfe256b91ea359975c4f088ae38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Mon, 1 Aug 2022 12:31:46 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 88/92] Changed Actor back to Agent --- owl/SOMA-ACT.owl | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl index 2e84450b..f39e1344 100755 --- a/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl +++ b/owl/SOMA-ACT.owl @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - An action in which an Actor uses some actuator for communication purposes. + An action in which an Agent uses some actuator for communication purposes. Communication action @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - + @@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ For Manipulating, it is the movement of the hand(s) and the change in functional - A Task in which two or more Actors exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Actors and Social objects as participants. + A Task in which two or more Agents exchange information. A CommunicationTask classifies only Events that have only Agents and Social objects as participants. Of course, the means of exchange is Physical, however this concept is to classify events for which we are not interested in the physical substrate, but rather who communicated and what the information content was. Communication task From 7ab2b6b4c8814bceccc6590a9b8b3af171e4963e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sascha Jongebloed Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 12:45:49 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 89/92] added property export path to konclude --- .github/workflows/evaluation.yml | 16 ++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml index 7b3d75fb..49354eea 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/evaluation.yml @@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ jobs: consistency: name: Konclude runs-on: ubuntu-latest - needs: compile steps: - name: Checkout @@ -100,13 +99,18 @@ jobs: with: fetch-depth: 1 - - uses: actions/download-artifact@v1 + - name: Setup Java + uses: actions/setup-java@v3 with: - name: SOMA OWL - path: ./build/owl/current + distribution: 'temurin' + java-version: '18' + cache: 'maven' - - name: Download DUL - run: wget http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/DUL.owl -O ./build/DUL.owl + - name: Compile + run: | + mvn spring-boot:run -f scripts/java/pom.xml \ + -Dspring-boot.run.arguments="--versionInfo=current \ + --propertyListPath=$PWD/properties" - name: Konclude run: docker run -v $PWD/build:/data --rm konclude/konclude classify -i /data/SOMA-HOME.owl -o /data/konclude.output From ca5c32d1cf78f02ab1051d3109865225dbe3e3ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 13:15:23 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 90/92] Update PropertyListExporter.java --- .../src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java index 561ed279..e7716fc0 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ private void exportProperties(final OWLOntology ontology) throws IOException { @SuppressWarnings("OptionalGetWithoutIsPresent") String fileName = ontology.getOntologyID().getOntologyIRI() .get().getShortForm(); fileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.length() - 5); - if (!path.toFile().mkdirs()) { + if (!path.toFile().exists() && !path.toFile().mkdirs()) { throw new IOException("Could not create dir " + path.toAbsolutePath()); } logger.info("Writing object- and dataProperties of {} to {}_[object,data]Properties", fileName, From d4f12b9235517e81a0789a78afc5c38f10255eba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 13:19:18 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 91/92] Implemented skipping of Exporting properties --- .../main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java | 8 +++++++- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java index e7716fc0..e73c6473 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java @@ -21,17 +21,23 @@ public class PropertyListExporter implements CIRunnable { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PropertyListExporter.class); + private final Path path; private final OntologyManager ontologyManager; @Autowired - public PropertyListExporter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, @Value("${propertyListPath}") final Path path) { + public PropertyListExporter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, + @Value("${propertyListPath#{null}}") final Path path) { this.path = path; this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; } @Override public void run() throws IOException { + if (path == null) { + logger.info("CL argument 'propertyListPath' not given. Skipping export of properties."); + return; + } for (final OWLOntology owlOntology : ontologyManager.mainOntologies().collect(Collectors.toSet())) { exportProperties(owlOntology); } From daec219ec23bcf73167b5e1efebd7499f0534a16 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: mrnolte Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 13:21:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 92/92] Quickfix --- .../src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java index e73c6473..6a62e86f 100644 --- a/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java +++ b/scripts/java/src/main/java/main/ci_runners/PropertyListExporter.java @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public class PropertyListExporter implements CIRunnable { @Autowired public PropertyListExporter(final OntologyManager ontologyManager, - @Value("${propertyListPath#{null}}") final Path path) { + @Value("${propertyListPath:#{null}}") final Path path) { this.path = path; this.ontologyManager = ontologyManager; }