你有一个带有四个圆形拨轮的转盘锁。每个拨轮都有10个数字: '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'
。每个拨轮可以自由旋转:例如把 '9'
变为 '0'
,'0'
变为 '9'
。每次旋转都只能旋转一个拨轮的一位数字。
锁的初始数字为 '0000'
,一个代表四个拨轮的数字的字符串。
列表 deadends
包含了一组死亡数字,一旦拨轮的数字和列表里的任何一个元素相同,这个锁将会被永久锁定,无法再被旋转。
字符串 target
代表可以解锁的数字,你需要给出最小的旋转次数,如果无论如何不能解锁,返回 -1。
示例 1:
输入:deadends = ["0201","0101","0102","1212","2002"], target = "0202" 输出:6 解释: 可能的移动序列为 "0000" -> "1000" -> "1100" -> "1200" -> "1201" -> "1202" -> "0202"。 注意 "0000" -> "0001" -> "0002" -> "0102" -> "0202" 这样的序列是不能解锁的, 因为当拨动到 "0102" 时这个锁就会被锁定。
示例 2:
输入: deadends = ["8888"], target = "0009" 输出:1 解释: 把最后一位反向旋转一次即可 "0000" -> "0009"。
示例 3:
输入: deadends = ["8887","8889","8878","8898","8788","8988","7888","9888"], target = "8888" 输出:-1 解释: 无法旋转到目标数字且不被锁定。
示例 4:
输入: deadends = ["0000"], target = "8888" 输出:-1
提示:
- 死亡列表
deadends
的长度范围为[1, 500]
。 - 目标数字
target
不会在deadends
之中。 - 每个
deadends
和target
中的字符串的数字会在 10,000 个可能的情况'0000'
到'9999'
中产生。
class Solution:
def openLock(self, deadends: List[str], target: str) -> int:
s = set(deadends)
if target in s or '0000' in s:
return -1
if target == '0000':
return 0
def prev(c):
return '9' if c == '0' else str(int(c) - 1)
def next(c):
return '0' if c == '9' else str(int(c) + 1)
def get(t):
res = []
t = list(t)
for i in range(4):
c = t[i]
t[i] = prev(c)
res.append(''.join(t))
t[i] = next(c)
res.append(''.join(t))
t[i] = c
return res
visited = set()
q = deque([('0000', 0)])
while q:
status, step = q.popleft()
for t in get(status):
if t in visited or t in s:
continue
if t == target:
return step + 1
q.append((t, step + 1))
visited.add(t)
return -1
class Solution {
public int openLock(String[] deadends, String target) {
Set<String> s = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(deadends));
if (s.contains(target) || s.contains("0000")) {
return -1;
}
if (Objects.equals(target, "0000")) {
return 0;
}
Set<String> visited = new HashSet<>();
Deque<String> q = new ArrayDeque<>();
q.offerLast("0000");
int step = 0;
while (!q.isEmpty()) {
++step;
for (int i = 0, n = q.size(); i < n; ++i) {
String status = q.pollFirst();
for (String t : get(status)) {
if (visited.contains(t) || s.contains(t)) {
continue;
}
if (Objects.equals(t, target)) {
return step;
}
q.offerLast(t);
visited.add(t);
}
}
}
return -1;
}
private char prev(char c) {
return c == '0' ? '9' : (char) (c - 1);
}
private char next(char c) {
return c == '9' ? '0' : (char) (c + 1);
}
private List<String> get(String t) {
List res = new ArrayList<>();
char[] chars = t.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
char c = chars[i];
chars[i] = prev(c);
res.add(String.valueOf(chars));
chars[i] = next(c);
res.add(String.valueOf(chars));
chars[i] = c;
}
return res;
}
}
class Solution {
public:
int openLock(vector<string>& deadends, string target) {
unordered_set<string> s(deadends.begin(), deadends.end());
if (s.count(target) || s.count("0000")) return -1;
if (target == "0000") return 0;
unordered_set<string> visited;
queue<string> q;
q.push("0000");
int step = 0;
while (!q.empty())
{
++step;
for (int i = 0, n = q.size(); i < n; ++i)
{
string status = q.front();
q.pop();
for (auto t : get(status))
{
if (visited.count(t) || s.count(t)) continue;
if (t == target) return step;
q.push(t);
visited.insert(t);
}
}
}
return -1;
}
char prev(char c) {
return c == '0' ? '9' : (char) (c - 1);
}
char next(char c) {
return c == '9' ? '0' : (char) (c + 1);
}
vector<string> get(string& t) {
vector<string> res;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
{
char c = t[i];
t[i] = prev(c);
res.push_back(t);
t[i] = next(c);
res.push_back(t);
t[i] = c;
}
return res;
}
};