diff --git a/rest_framework/validators.py b/rest_framework/validators.py
index a152c6362f..8006e8788e 100644
--- a/rest_framework/validators.py
+++ b/rest_framework/validators.py
@@ -188,7 +188,10 @@ def __call__(self, attrs, serializer):
                 if attrs[field_name] != getattr(serializer.instance, field_name)
             ]
 
-        condition_kwargs = {source: attrs[source] for source in self.condition_fields}
+        condition_kwargs = {
+            serializer.fields[field_name].source: attrs[serializer.fields[field_name].source]
+            for field_name in self.condition_fields
+        }
         if checked_values and None not in checked_values and qs_exists_with_condition(queryset, self.condition, condition_kwargs):
             field_names = ', '.join(self.fields)
             message = self.message.format(field_names=field_names)
diff --git a/tests/test_validators.py b/tests/test_validators.py
index 29b097ef39..d19734d98c 100644
--- a/tests/test_validators.py
+++ b/tests/test_validators.py
@@ -683,6 +683,24 @@ def test_nullable_unique_constraint_fields_are_not_required(self):
         result = serializer.save()
         self.assertIsInstance(result, UniqueConstraintNullableModel)
 
+    def test_unique_constraint_source(self):
+        class SourceUniqueConstraintSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+            raceName = serializers.CharField(source="race_name")
+
+            class Meta:
+                model = UniqueConstraintModel
+                fields = ("raceName", "position", "global_id", "fancy_conditions")
+
+        serializer = SourceUniqueConstraintSerializer(
+            data={
+                "raceName": "example",
+                "position": 5,
+                "global_id": 11,
+                "fancy_conditions": 11,
+            }
+        )
+        assert serializer.is_valid()
+
 
 # Tests for `UniqueForDateValidator`
 # ----------------------------------