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Awesome Bluetooth Security (BR, EDR, LE, and Mesh)

Awesome

This list links to useful references for anyone working with Bluetooth BR/EDR/LE or Mesh security.

Submit a PR if something is missing!

To Do

  • Add list of useful research papers and whitepapers
  • Add list of useful articles
  • Add list of useful books

Contents

Notable Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability name Conference & Year published Vulnerability website URL Paper URL Video URL SIG Notice Technology Impacted Related CVE
BlueBorne Black Hat Europe 2017 Site Paper Video No Notice BR/EDR CVE-2017-8628, CVE-2017-0781, CVE-2017-0782, CVE-2017-0783, CVE-2017-0785, CVE-2017-14315, CVE-2017-1000250, CVE-2017-1000251, CVE-2017-14315, CVE-2017-1000410
Bleedingbit 2018 Site Paper Video No Notice LE CVE-2018-7080, CVE-2018-16986
Fixed Coordinate Invalid Curve Attack 2018 Site Paper Video SIG Notice BR/EDR/LE CVE-2018-5383
SweynTooth 2019 Site Paper Video No Notice LE CVE-2019-16336, CVE-2019-17060, CVE-2019-17061, CVE-2019-17517, CVE-2019-17518, CVE-2019-17519, CVE-2019-17520, CVE-2019-19192, CVE-2019-19193, CVE-2019-19194, CVE-2019-19195, CVE-2019-19196, CVE-2020-10061, CVE-2020-10069, CVE-2020-13593, CVE-2020-13594, CVE-2020-13595
KNOB USENIX 2019 Site Paper Video SIG Notice BR/EDR CVE-2019-9506
BIAS IEEE S&P 2020 Site Paper Video SIG Notice BR/EDR CVE-2020-10135
Pairing Method Confusion 2020 Site Paper No Video SIG Notice BR/EDR/LE CVE-2020-10134
BlueFrag 2020 Article No Paper No Video No Notice Android CVE-2020-0022
Spectra Black Hat USA 2020 Abstract TBD Video No Notice WiFi+BT modules CVE-2019-15063, CVE-2020-10367, CVE-2020-10368, CVE-2020-10369, CVE-2020-10370
BLURtooth 2020 Site Paper Video SIG Notice BR/EDR+LE CVE-2020-15802, CVE-2022-20361
BLESA WOOT 2020 Site Paper Video No Notice LE CVE-2020-9770
BleedingTooth 2020 Site Writeup Video No Notice Linux CVE-2020-12351, CVE-2020-12352, CVE-2020-24490
BlueMirror WOOT 2021 Site Paper Video Multiple SIG Notices BR/EDR/LE/Mesh CVE-2020-26555, CVE-2020-26556, CVE-2020-26557, CVE-2020-26558, CVE-2020-26559, CVE-2020-26560
InjectaBLE IEEE DSN 2021 Site Paper No Video SIG Notice LE CVE-2021-31615
BrakTooth 2021 Site Paper Video No Notice BR/EDR CVE-2021-28135, CVE-2021-28136, CVE-2021-28139, CVE-2021-28155, CVE-2021-31717, CVE-2021-31609, CVE-2021-31611, CVE-2021-31612, CVE-2021-31613, CVE-2021-31785, CVE-2021-31786, CVE-2021-31610, CVE-2021-34143, CVE-2021-34144, CVE-2021-34145, CVE-2021-34146, CVE-2021-34147, CVE-2021-34148, CVE-2021-34149, CVE-2021-34150
Pairing Mode Confusion 2022 No Site No Paper No Video SIG Notice LE CVE-2022-25836
Pairing Mode Confusion 2022 No Site No Paper No Video SIG Notice BR/EDR CVE-2022-25837
BLUFFS 2023 Site Paper No Video SIG Notice BR/EDR CVE-2023-24023

Conference Talks

2003

  • DEF CON 11 - Bruce Potter - Bluetooth - The Future of Wardriving Video

2004

  • 21C3 - Marcel Holtmann, Martin Herfurt, Adam Laurie - Bluetooth Hacking Video
  • Black Hat USA 2004 - Adam Laurie, Martin Herfurt - BlueSnarfing The Risk From Digital Pickpockets Video

2005

  • 22C3 - Marcel Holtmann, Martin Herfurt, Adam Laurie - Bluetooth Hacking - The State of The Art Video

2006

  • 23C3 - Thierry Zoller, Kevin Finistere - Bluetooth Hacking Revisited Video
  • Black Hat USA 2006 - Bruce Potter - Bluetooth Defense Kit Black Hat Video

2007

  • DeepSec 2007 - Marcel Holtmann - New Security Model of Bluetooth 2.1 Video

2009

  • DEF CON 17 - Dominic Spill, Michael Ossmann, and Mark Steward - Bluetooth Smells like Chicken Video
  • Shmoocon 2009 - Bluetooth-Ossman.m4v Video

2010

  • Shmoocon 2010 - Michael Ossmann - Bluetooth Keyboards: Who Owns Your Keystrokes? Video
  • DEF CON 18: Breaking Bluetooth by Being Bored 1/3 Video

2011

  • ShmooCon 2011 - Project Ubertooth: Building a Better Bluetooth Adapter Video
  • DeepSec 2011 - Tommi Makila & Jukka Taimisto: Intelligent Bluetooth Fuzzing - Why bother? Video

2012

  • Ruxcon 2012 - Dominic Spill - Bluetooth Packet Sniffing Using Project Ubertooth Video
  • Toorcon 2012 - Hacking Bluetooth Low Energy: I Am Jack's Heart Monitor Video
  • DEF CON 20 - Passive Bluetooth Monitoring in Scapy Video

2013

  • USENIX WOOT 2013 - Mike Ryan - Bluetooth: With Low Energy Comes Low Security Video
  • ShmooCon 9 - How Smart Is Bluetooth Smart? Video
  • Black Hat USA 2013 - Bluetooth Smart: The Good, the Bad, the Ugly, and the Fix! Video
  • DeepSec 2013 - Veronica Valeros & Sebastian Garcia: Uncovering your Trails - Privacy Issues of Bluetooth Devices Video

2014

  • CanSecWest 2014 - Outsmarting Bluetooth Smart Video
  • DEF CON 22 - The NSA Playset Bluetooth Smart Attack Tools Video
  • DEF CON 22 - Grant Bugher - Detecting Bluetooth Surveillance Systems Video

2015

  • DEF CON 23 - Mike Ryan and Richo Healey - Hacking Electric Skateboards Video

2016

  • DEF CON 24 - Anthony Rose, Ben Ramsey - Picking Bluetooth Low Energy Locks a Quarter Mile Away Video
  • DEF CON 24 - Realtime Bluetooth Device Detection with Blue Hydra Video
  • DEF CON 24 Internet of Things Village Damien Cauquil Btlejuice The Bluetooth Smart Mitm Framework Video
  • Black Hat USA 2016 - Gattacking Bluetooth Smart Devices - Introducing a New BLE Proxy Tool Video
  • Hack.lu 2016 - Damiel Cauquil - BtleJuice: the Bluetooth Smart Man In The Middle Framework Video
  • EMF16 - Michael Ossmann - My Ubertooth Year Video

2017

  • Black Hat Europe 2017 - Ben Seri, Gregory Vishnepolsky - BlueBorne - A New Class of Airborne Attacks Video

2018

  • DEF CON 26 - Damien Cauquil - You had better secure your BLE devices Video
  • 35C3 - Dennis Mantz and Jiska Classen - Dissecting Broadcom Bluetooth Video
  • MRMCD2018 - Dennis Mantz and Jiska Classen - A Deep Dive into Bluetooth Controller Firmware Video
  • Black Hat Europe 2018 - Ben Seri, Dor Zusman - BLEEDINGBIT Your APs Belong to Us Video

2019

  • DEF CON 27 - Damien Cauquil - Defeating Bluetooth Low Energy 5 PRNG for Fun and Jamming Video
  • USENIX Security '19 - Pallavi Sivakumaran - A Study of the Feasibility of Co-located App Attacks against BLE Video
  • RSA 2019 - Mike Ryan - Bluetooth Reverse Engineering: Tools and Techniques Video
  • Hardwear.io USA 2019 - Mike Ryan - Bluetooth Hacking: Tools And Techniques Video
  • Hardwear.io Netherlands 2019 - Sultan Qasim Khan - Sniffle: A low-cost sniffer for Bluetooth 5 Video
  • MRMCD2019 - Dennis Mantz and Jiska Classen - Playing with Bluetooth Video
  • BruCON 0x0B - Damien Cauquil - Defeating Bluetooth Low Energy 5 PRNG for fun and jamming Video
  • Hack.LU 2019 - Damien Cauquil - Defeating Bluetooth Low Energy 5 PRNG For Fun And Jamming Video
  • CyberCamp19 - Pablo González - Audit and hacking to Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) devices Video

2020

  • Hardwear.io Virtual Con 2020 - Daniele Antonioli - From Bluetooth Standard to Standard Compliant 0-days Video
  • DEF CON 28 - Jiska Classen and Francesco Gringoli - Spectra — New Wireless Escalation Targets Video
  • DEF CON 28 - Maxine Filcher - The Basics Of Breaking BLE v3 Video
  • USENIX WOOT 2020 - Jianliang Wu - BLESA: Spoofing Attacks against Reconnections in Bluetooth Low Energy Video
  • USENIX WOOT 2020 - Dennis Heinze, Jiska Classen, Matthias Hollick - ToothPicker: Apple Picking in the iOS Bluetooth Stack Video
  • USENIX 2020 - Yue Zhang - Breaking Secure Pairing of Bluetooth Low Energy Using Downgrade Attacks Video
  • Black Hat Europe 2020 - Wang Yu - Please Make a Dentist Appointment ASAP: Attacking IOBluetoothFamily HCI and Vendor-Specific Commands Video
  • Ekoparty 2020 - Cecilia Pastorino and Dan Borgogno - Bluetooth Low Energy Hacking 101 Video
  • rC3 2020 - Jiska Classen - Exposure Notification Security Video

2021

  • CCC #DiVOC2020 - Jiska Classen - Finding Eastereggs in Broadcom's Bluetooth Random Number Generator Video
  • CCC #DiVOC2020 - Jan Ruge - No PoC? No Fix! - A sad Story about Bluetooth Security Video
  • WOOT2021 - Tristan Claverie, José Lopes Esteves - BlueMirror: Reflections on Bluetooth Pairing and Provisioning Protocols Video
  • Hardwear.io NL 2021 - Tristan Claverie, José Lopes Esteves - BlueMirror: Defeating Authentication In Bluetooth Protocols Video

Bluetooth Security Tools

Linux Utilities & Tools

  • BlueZ (l2ping, gatttool, hciconfig, hcidump, hcitool, sdptool, bccmd, bluetoothctl, etc.) Link

Scanners & Sniffers

Exploit Tools

OBEX Attack Tools

Fuzzing

Firmware Analysis

Man-in-the-middle & Packet Injection

Device Spoofing

Ping & Signal Strength Tools

Denial of Service

Honeypot

Android Apps

Hardware

  • Nordic Semiconductor nRF-51 Development Kit Link
  • Sena UD-100 (~$39) Link
  • Ubertooth One (~$120) Link
  • Ellisys Bluetooth Tools Link
  • Frontline Bluetooth Tools Link

Other

  • Wireshark: Protocol analyzer and packet capture Link
  • Frontline Wireless Protocol Suite (Windows only) Link
  • Uberducky (BLE-triggered rubber ducky) Github
  • CarWhisperer: Bluetooth sniffer for in-vehicle connections Link
  • BLEBoy: BLE testing platform Github

Primary Reference Materials

Bluetooth Core Specifications Link

NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-121 revision 2 Link

Useful Sites

  • List of Bluetooth bugs Link
  • Bluetooth arsenal tool list Github
  • trifinite Bluetooth info Link
  • Mike Ryan's Bluetooth info Link
  • Colin Mulliner's Bluetooth info Link
  • BlackArch Linux tool list Link
  • Bluetooth pen test framework Link