diff --git a/crates/flux-fhir-analysis/src/conv.rs b/crates/flux-fhir-analysis/src/conv.rs
index 423f83aa4a..3c95ba1fca 100644
--- a/crates/flux-fhir-analysis/src/conv.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-fhir-analysis/src/conv.rs
@@ -498,12 +498,20 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ConvCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         enum_def
             .variants
             .iter()
-            .map(|variant_def| ConvCtxt::conv_enum_variant(genv, variant_def, wfckresults))
+            .map(|variant_def| {
+                ConvCtxt::conv_enum_variant(
+                    genv,
+                    enum_def.owner_id.to_def_id(),
+                    variant_def,
+                    wfckresults,
+                )
+            })
             .try_collect()
     }
 
     fn conv_enum_variant(
         genv: &GlobalEnv,
+        adt_def_id: DefId,
         variant: &fhir::VariantDef,
         wfckresults: &fhir::WfckResults,
     ) -> QueryResult<rty::PolyVariant> {
@@ -512,14 +520,19 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ConvCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         let mut env = Env::new(&[]);
         env.push_layer(Layer::list(&cx, 0, &variant.params, true));
 
+        let adt_def = genv.adt_def(adt_def_id)?;
         let fields = variant
             .fields
             .iter()
             .map(|field| cx.conv_ty(&mut env, &field.ty))
             .try_collect()?;
-        let args = rty::Index::from(cx.conv_refine_arg(&mut env, &variant.ret.idx));
-        let ret = cx.conv_indexed_type(&mut env, &variant.ret.bty, args)?;
-        let variant = rty::VariantSig::new(fields, ret);
+        let idxs = cx.conv_refine_arg(&mut env, &variant.ret.idx).0;
+        let variant = rty::VariantSig::new(
+            adt_def,
+            rty::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(genv, adt_def_id)?,
+            fields,
+            idxs,
+        );
 
         Ok(rty::Binder::new(variant, env.pop_layer().into_bound_vars()))
     }
@@ -535,21 +548,25 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ConvCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
 
         let def_id = struct_def.owner_id.def_id;
         if let fhir::StructKind::Transparent { fields } = &struct_def.kind {
+            let adt_def = genv.adt_def(def_id)?;
+
             let fields = fields
                 .iter()
                 .map(|field_def| cx.conv_ty(&mut env, &field_def.ty))
                 .try_collect()?;
 
-            let args = rty::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(genv, def_id)?;
-
             let vars = env.pop_layer().into_bound_vars();
             let idx = rty::Expr::tuple(
                 (0..vars.len())
                     .map(|idx| rty::Expr::late_bvar(INNERMOST, idx as u32))
                     .collect_vec(),
             );
-            let ret = rty::Ty::indexed(rty::BaseTy::adt(genv.adt_def(def_id)?, args), idx);
-            let variant = rty::VariantSig::new(fields, ret);
+            let variant = rty::VariantSig::new(
+                adt_def,
+                rty::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(genv, def_id)?,
+                fields,
+                idx,
+            );
             Ok(rty::Opaqueness::Transparent(rty::Binder::new(variant, vars)))
         } else {
             Ok(rty::Opaqueness::Opaque)
diff --git a/crates/flux-middle/src/queries.rs b/crates/flux-middle/src/queries.rs
index e98398ff98..d17e769643 100644
--- a/crates/flux-middle/src/queries.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-middle/src/queries.rs
@@ -296,9 +296,8 @@ impl<'tcx> Queries<'tcx> {
                             .iter()
                             .map(|field| Ok(genv.lower_type_of(field.did)?.skip_binder()))
                             .try_collect_vec::<_, QueryErr>()?;
-                        let ret = genv.lower_type_of(def_id)?.skip_binder();
                         Refiner::default(genv, &genv.generics_of(def_id)?)
-                            .refine_variant_def(&fields, &ret)
+                            .refine_variant_def(def_id, &fields)
                     })
                     .try_collect()?;
                 Ok(rty::Opaqueness::Transparent(rty::EarlyBinder(variants)))
diff --git a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/fold.rs b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/fold.rs
index 5f4063bd35..f9e96d03be 100644
--- a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/fold.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/fold.rs
@@ -633,19 +633,16 @@ impl TypeVisitable for VariantSig {
         self.fields
             .iter()
             .try_for_each(|ty| ty.visit_with(visitor))?;
-        self.ret.visit_with(visitor)
+        self.idx.visit_with(visitor)
     }
 }
 
 impl TypeFoldable for VariantSig {
     fn try_fold_with<F: FallibleTypeFolder>(&self, folder: &mut F) -> Result<Self, F::Error> {
-        let fields = self
-            .fields
-            .iter()
-            .map(|ty| ty.try_fold_with(folder))
-            .try_collect()?;
-        let ret = self.ret.try_fold_with(folder)?;
-        Ok(VariantSig::new(fields, ret))
+        let args = self.args.try_fold_with(folder)?;
+        let fields = self.fields.try_fold_with(folder)?;
+        let idx = self.idx.try_fold_with(folder)?;
+        Ok(VariantSig::new(self.adt_def.clone(), args, fields, idx))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/mod.rs b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/mod.rs
index 6f770b0280..3fdf86fa6a 100644
--- a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/mod.rs
@@ -234,8 +234,10 @@ pub type PolyVariant = Binder<VariantSig>;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, TyEncodable, TyDecodable)]
 pub struct VariantSig {
+    pub adt_def: AdtDef,
+    pub args: GenericArgs,
     pub fields: List<Ty>,
-    pub ret: Ty,
+    pub idx: Expr,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, TyEncodable, TyDecodable)]
@@ -823,6 +825,10 @@ impl<T> EarlyBinder<T> {
         EarlyBinder(f(self.0))
     }
 
+    pub fn try_map<U, E>(self, f: impl FnOnce(T) -> Result<U, E>) -> Result<EarlyBinder<U>, E> {
+        Ok(EarlyBinder(f(self.0)?))
+    }
+
     pub fn skip_binder(self) -> T {
         self.0
     }
@@ -943,13 +949,18 @@ impl EarlyBinder<GenericPredicates> {
 }
 
 impl VariantSig {
-    pub fn new(fields: Vec<Ty>, ret: Ty) -> Self {
-        VariantSig { fields: List::from_vec(fields), ret }
+    pub fn new(adt_def: AdtDef, args: GenericArgs, fields: List<Ty>, idx: Expr) -> Self {
+        VariantSig { adt_def, args, fields, idx }
     }
 
     pub fn fields(&self) -> &[Ty] {
         &self.fields
     }
+
+    pub fn ret(&self) -> Ty {
+        let bty = BaseTy::Adt(self.adt_def.clone(), self.args.clone());
+        Ty::indexed(bty, self.idx.clone())
+    }
 }
 
 impl<T> TupleTree<T>
@@ -1138,9 +1149,9 @@ impl<T, E> Opaqueness<Result<T, E>> {
 
 impl EarlyBinder<PolyVariant> {
     pub fn to_poly_fn_sig(&self) -> EarlyBinder<PolyFnSig> {
-        self.as_ref().map(|poly_fn_sig| {
-            poly_fn_sig.as_ref().map(|variant| {
-                let ret = variant.ret.shift_in_escaping(1);
+        self.as_ref().map(|poly_variant| {
+            poly_variant.as_ref().map(|variant| {
+                let ret = variant.ret().shift_in_escaping(1);
                 let output = Binder::new(FnOutput::new(ret, vec![]), List::empty());
                 FnSig::new(vec![], variant.fields.clone(), output)
             })
@@ -2096,7 +2107,7 @@ mod pretty {
     impl Pretty for VariantSig {
         fn fmt(&self, cx: &PPrintCx, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
             define_scoped!(cx, f);
-            w!("({:?}) -> {:?}", join!(", ", self.fields()), &self.ret)
+            w!("({:?}) -> {:?}", join!(", ", self.fields()), &self.idx)
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/refining.rs b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/refining.rs
index 014aa0c4f1..2c2e4d517f 100644
--- a/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/refining.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-middle/src/rty/refining.rs
@@ -176,19 +176,17 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Refiner<'a, 'tcx> {
 
     pub(crate) fn refine_variant_def(
         &self,
+        adt_def_id: DefId,
         fields: &[rustc::ty::Ty],
-        ret: &rustc::ty::Ty,
     ) -> QueryResult<rty::PolyVariant> {
+        let adt_def = self.adt_def(adt_def_id)?;
         let fields = fields.iter().map(|ty| self.refine_ty(ty)).try_collect()?;
-        let rustc::ty::TyKind::Adt(adt_def, args) = ret.kind() else {
-            bug!();
-        };
-        let args = self.iter_with_generic_params(self.generics, args, |param, arg| {
-            self.refine_generic_arg(param, arg)
-        })?;
-        let bty = rty::BaseTy::adt(self.adt_def(adt_def.did())?, args);
-        let ret = rty::Ty::indexed(bty, rty::Expr::unit());
-        let value = rty::VariantSig::new(fields, ret);
+        let value = rty::VariantSig::new(
+            adt_def,
+            rty::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(self.genv, adt_def_id)?,
+            fields,
+            rty::Expr::unit(),
+        );
         Ok(rty::Binder::new(value, List::empty()))
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/flux-refineck/src/constraint_gen.rs b/crates/flux-refineck/src/constraint_gen.rs
index c6298e9f77..85ec88f0e6 100644
--- a/crates/flux-refineck/src/constraint_gen.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-refineck/src/constraint_gen.rs
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ConstrGen<'a, 'tcx> {
         let evars_sol = infcx.solve()?;
         rcx.replace_evars(&evars_sol);
 
-        Ok(variant.ret.replace_evars(&evars_sol))
+        Ok(variant.ret().replace_evars(&evars_sol))
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn check_mk_array(
diff --git a/crates/flux-refineck/src/invariants.rs b/crates/flux-refineck/src/invariants.rs
index 53241384d5..3932d441a9 100644
--- a/crates/flux-refineck/src/invariants.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-refineck/src/invariants.rs
@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ fn check_invariant(
             let ty = rcx.unpack(ty, crate::refine_tree::AssumeInvariants::No);
             rcx.assume_invariants(&ty, checker_config.check_overflow);
         }
-        let (.., idx) = variant.ret.expect_adt();
-        let pred = invariant.pred.replace_bound_expr(&idx.expr);
+        let pred = invariant.pred.replace_bound_expr(&variant.idx);
         rcx.check_pred(pred, Tag::new(ConstrReason::Other, DUMMY_SP));
     }
     let mut fcx = FixpointCtxt::new(genv, def_id, KVarStore::default());
diff --git a/crates/flux-refineck/src/type_env/projection.rs b/crates/flux-refineck/src/type_env/projection.rs
index 3a52911e4c..cd8aebd6eb 100644
--- a/crates/flux-refineck/src/type_env/projection.rs
+++ b/crates/flux-refineck/src/type_env/projection.rs
@@ -761,10 +761,9 @@ fn downcast_enum(
         .instantiate(args, &[])
         .replace_bound_exprs_with(|sort, _| rcx.define_vars(sort));
 
-    let (.., idx2) = variant_def.ret.expect_adt();
     // FIXME(nilehmann) flatten indices
     let exprs1 = idx1.expr.expect_tuple();
-    let exprs2 = idx2.expr.expect_tuple();
+    let exprs2 = variant_def.idx.expect_tuple();
     debug_assert_eq!(exprs1.len(), exprs2.len());
     let constr = Expr::and(iter::zip(exprs1, exprs2).filter_map(|(e1, e2)| {
         if !e1.is_abs() && !e2.is_abs() {