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PostgreSQL Database

You need to have PostgreSQL > 13.x.

In production, we're currently running 13.7.

Installation

On macOS

With Homebrew

brew install postgresql

Then:

createuser -s postgres -U <os-username>

With Postgres.app

Get the app from Postgres.app. Install it.

Then to enable the CLI tools, follow the steps from: https://postgresapp.com/documentation/cli-tools.html

On Linux

Fedora / RedHat

# Install Postgres
sudo dnf install postgresql-server postgresql-contrib

# (Optional) Start postgres at boot time
sudo systemctl enable postgresql

# Initialize DB
PGSETUP_INITDB_OPTIONS="-U postgres" sudo postgresql-setup --initdb

Then edit your /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf. Comment existing lines, and add the following content:

# Allow local connections without password
local   all             all                                     trust
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 trust

Finally start Postgres with sudo systemctl start postgresql.

With Docker

If you don't want to run a local instance of PostgreSQL in your computer, you can run one in Docker.

Create and run the container:

docker run -p 5432:5432 -e POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD=trust -d --name opencollective-postgres postgres:13.7

Set the necessary environment variables:

export PGHOST=localhost
export PGUSER=postgres

You'll also need to have Postgres client tools like psql, dropdb, createuser locally available to run our scripts. In macOS you can install those using Homebrew with:

brew install libpq
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/libpq/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For Ubuntu 16.04 and above you can execute the following to install Postgres client tools:

sudo apt-get install postgresql-client

Setup

Development

Please be aware of the NODE_ENV/OC_ENV variable. By default, it's set to development and the opencollective_dvl database will be used.

The development database should be automatically installed after npm install.

To trigger the postinstall script again, run npm run postinstall.

To force a restore run npm run db:restore, then npm run db:migrate.

Test

Please be aware of the NODE_ENV/OC_ENV variable. By default, it's set to development and the opencollective_dvl database will be used. You have to set it yourself to test to switch to the test environment and use opencollective_test instead.

To setup the database for tests, run npm run db:setup or run NODE_ENV=test npm run db:setup to force the environment.

If you want to do the steps manually, first, make sure the opencollective user is existing:

createuser opencollective

Then:

createdb opencollective_test
psql -d opencollective_test -c 'GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE opencollective_test TO opencollective'

Reset

Sometime, things dont't work as expected and you need to start from scratch. Do:

dropdb opencollective_dvl
dropdb opencollective_test
dropuser opencollective

Migrations

When creating migrations and interacting with the database please follow the guidelines below.

Create a migration

This will create a file in migrations/ where you'll be able to put your migration and rollback procedures:

# The name of the migration should use kebab case

npm run db:migration:create -- --name <name-of-your-migration>

Note: To create a migration, always use the above command, so that it aligns with the default Sequelize file naming conventions.

Run migrations

This will run all the pending migrations in migrations/:

npm run db:migrate

Rollback last migration

npm run db:migrate:undo

Troubleshooting

For development, ensure that local connections do not require a password. Locate your pg_hba.conf file by running SHOW hba_file; from the psql prompt (sudo -i -u postgres + psql after clean install). This should look something like /etc/postgresql/9.5/main/pg_hba.conf. We'll call the parent directory of pg_hba.conf the $POSTGRES_DATADIR. cd to $POSTGRES_DATADIR, and edit pg_hba.conf to trust local socket connections and local IP connections. Restart postgres - on Mac OS X, there may be restart scripts already in place with brew, if not use pg_ctl -D $POSTGRES_DATADIR restart.