gemma.cpp$ cmake --build builddir: undefined reference to `testing

[raphael10-collab]

Hi,

Building phase seems fine :

(base) raphy@raohy:~/gemma.cpp$ cmake -B builddir -Wno-dev
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 13.3.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 14.2.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Performing Test ATOMICS_LOCK_FREE_INSTRUCTIONS
-- Performing Test ATOMICS_LOCK_FREE_INSTRUCTIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HWY_EMSCRIPTEN
-- Performing Test HWY_EMSCRIPTEN - Failed
-- Performing Test HWY_RISCV
-- Performing Test HWY_RISCV - Failed
-- Looking for sys/auxv.h
-- Looking for sys/auxv.h - found
-- Looking for asm/hwcap.h
-- Looking for asm/hwcap.h - not found
CMake Deprecation Warning at CMakeLists.txt:1 (cmake_minimum_required):
  Compatibility with CMake < 3.10 will be removed from a future version of
  CMake.

  Update the VERSION argument <min> value.  Or, use the <min>...<max> syntax
  to tell CMake that the project requires at least <min> but has been updated
  to work with policies introduced by <max> or earlier.


-- Configuring done (0.0s)
-- Generating done (0.0s)
-- Build files have been written to: /home/raphy/gemma.cpp/builddir/_deps/highway-build/googletest-download
[ 11%] Creating directories for 'googletest'
[ 22%] Performing download step (git clone) for 'googletest'
Cloning into 'googletest-src'...
HEAD is now at 43efa0a4 Merge pull request #3617 from Bagira80:fix_3616
[ 33%] Performing update step for 'googletest'
-- Already at requested ref: 43efa0a4efd40c78b9210d15373112081899a97c
[ 44%] No patch step for 'googletest'
[ 55%] No configure step for 'googletest'
[ 66%] No build step for 'googletest'
[ 77%] No install step for 'googletest'
[ 88%] No test step for 'googletest'
[100%] Completed 'googletest'
[100%] Built target googletest
-- Found Python: /home/raphy/miniconda3/bin/python3.12 (found version "3.12.8") found components: Interpreter
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD - Success
-- Found Threads: TRUE
-- VERSION: 0.2.0
-- Found TCMalloc: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtcmalloc_minimal.so
-- Using the multi-header code from /home/raphy/gemma.cpp/builddir/_deps/json-src/include/
-- Failed to find LLVM FileCheck
-- Found Git: /usr/bin/git (found version "2.43.0")
-- git version: v1.8.2 normalized to 1.8.2
-- Google Benchmark version: 1.8.2
-- Looking for shm_open in rt
-- Looking for shm_open in rt - found
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WALL
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WALL - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WEXTRA
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WEXTRA - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSHADOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSHADOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WFLOAT_EQUAL
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WFLOAT_EQUAL - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WOLD_STYLE_CAST
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WOLD_STYLE_CAST - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WERROR
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WERROR - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_PEDANTIC
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_PEDANTIC - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_PEDANTIC_ERRORS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_PEDANTIC_ERRORS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSHORTEN_64_TO_32
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSHORTEN_64_TO_32 - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_FSTRICT_ALIASING
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_FSTRICT_ALIASING - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WNO_DEPRECATED_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WNO_DEPRECATED_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WNO_DEPRECATED
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WNO_DEPRECATED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSTRICT_ALIASING
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WSTRICT_ALIASING - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WD654
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WD654 - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WTHREAD_SAFETY
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_WTHREAD_SAFETY - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_COVERAGE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FLAG_COVERAGE - Success
-- Compiling and running to test HAVE_STD_REGEX
-- Performing Test HAVE_STD_REGEX -- success
-- Compiling and running to test HAVE_GNU_POSIX_REGEX
-- Performing Test HAVE_GNU_POSIX_REGEX -- failed to compile
-- Compiling and running to test HAVE_POSIX_REGEX
-- Performing Test HAVE_POSIX_REGEX -- success
-- Compiling and running to test HAVE_STEADY_CLOCK
-- Performing Test HAVE_STEADY_CLOCK -- success
-- Compiling and running to test HAVE_PTHREAD_AFFINITY
-- Performing Test HAVE_PTHREAD_AFFINITY -- success
-- Configuring done (22.3s)
-- Generating done (0.2s)
-- Build files have been written to: /home/raphy/gemma.cpp/builddir
(base) raphy@raohy:~/gemma.cpp$

But the subsequent phase gives "unefined reference to" errors:

(base) raphy@raohy:~/gemma.cpp$ cmake --build builddir/

[ 84%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o
[ 84%] Linking CXX executable gemma_batch_bench
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `gcpp::(anonymous namespace)::GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test::~GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test()':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x53): undefined reference to `testing::Test::~Test()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `testing::internal::TestFactoryImpl<gcpp::(anonymous namespace)::GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test>::CreateTest()':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x8c): undefined reference to `testing::Test::Test()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `gcpp::(anonymous namespace)::GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test::TestBody()':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0xd33): undefined reference to `testing::AssertionSuccess()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2171): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x21a9): undefined reference to `testing::internal::AssertHelper::AssertHelper(testing::TestPartResult::Type, char const*, int, char const*)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x21b6): undefined reference to `testing::internal::AssertHelper::operator=(testing::Message const&) const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x21be): undefined reference to `testing::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2269): undefined reference to `testing::AssertionFailure()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2273): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x22b6): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x232e): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2369): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x23d9): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2414): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2484): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x24bf): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x252f): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x256a): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x25da): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2615): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2685): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x26c0): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2a3a): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2a79): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2af0): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2b2b): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2e3f): undefined reference to `testing::Message::Message()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2e7e): undefined reference to `testing::Message::GetString[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2ef4): undefined reference to `testing::AssertionResult::AssertionResult(testing::AssertionResult const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `gcpp::(anonymous namespace)::GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test::~GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test()':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text+0x2f): undefined reference to `testing::Test::~Test()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `gcpp::(anonymous namespace)::GemmaTest_RandomQuestionsBatched_Test::TestBody() [clone .cold]':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.unlikely+0x223): undefined reference to `testing::internal::AssertHelper::~AssertHelper()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `_GLOBAL__sub_I_main.cold':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.unlikely+0x917): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::~GTestLog()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.unlikely+0x936): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::~GTestLog()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `main':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x113): undefined reference to `testing::InitGoogleTest(int*, char**)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x118): undefined reference to `testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x120): undefined reference to `testing::UnitTest::Run()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o: in function `_GLOBAL__sub_I_main':
gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x19d): undefined reference to `testing::internal::IsTrue(bool)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x1b6): undefined reference to `testing::internal::IsTrue(bool)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x225): undefined reference to `testing::internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char const*, char const*, char const*, testing::internal::CodeLocation, void const*, void (*)(), void (*)(), testing::internal::TestFactoryBase*)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x281): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::GTestLog(testing::internal::GTestLogSeverity, char const*, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x2f1): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::~GTestLog()'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x316): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::GTestLog(testing::internal::GTestLogSeverity, char const*, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: gemma_batch_bench.cc:(.text.startup+0x386): undefined reference to `testing::internal::GTestLog::~GTestLog()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x28): undefined reference to `typeinfo for testing::Test'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x68): undefined reference to `testing::Test::SetUp()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x70): undefined reference to `testing::Test::TearDown()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o:(.data.rel.ro+0xa8): undefined reference to `testing::Test::SetUp()'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/evals/gemma_batch_bench.cc.o:(.data.rel.ro+0xb0): undefined reference to `testing::Test::TearDown()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/build.make:107: gemma_batch_bench] Error 1
gmake[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:718: CMakeFiles/gemma_batch_bench.dir/all] Error 2
gmake: *** [Makefile:156: all] Error 2

OS: Ubuntu 24.04
gcc: 13.3.0

How to make it work?

[jan-wassenberg]

Hi, thanks for reporting. Looks like that target depends on GTest but we didn't add it to the link_libraries. Will fix shortly :)