Epic: Metadata Cache

[hiltontj]

See the proposal issue here: #25538, which outlines the requirements for the feature, and is a good place to discuss the feature at a high level. Feel free to pose questions there or in any of the specific issues listed below.

Issues

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1. Implement the core MetaCache and MetaCacheProvider #25543
   v3 +1
   
2. Additional testing on the metadata cache #25564
   0 of 2
   v3 +1
   
3. Implement a User-Defined Table function to query meta_cache #25544
   v3 +1
   
4. Add a meta_caches system table for viewing configured metadata caches #25545
   v3 +1
   
5. Add a REST API to create metadata caches #25546
   v3 +1
   
6. Add a REST API to delete metadata caches #25547
   v3 +1
   
7. Add CLI commands to create and delete metadata caches #25548
   v3 +1