diff --git a/dvc/cachemgr.py b/dvc/cachemgr.py
index b8df7b1f9b2..e94bc110f79 100644
--- a/dvc/cachemgr.py
+++ b/dvc/cachemgr.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def _get_odb(
     if not settings:
         return None
 
-    cls, config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(repo, **settings)
+    cls, config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(repo.config, **settings)
     fs = fs or cls(**config)
     if prefix:
         fs_path = fs.path.join(fs_path, *prefix)
diff --git a/dvc/data_cloud.py b/dvc/data_cloud.py
index f60b17a4778..6af28269186 100644
--- a/dvc/data_cloud.py
+++ b/dvc/data_cloud.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def get_remote(
         if name:
             from dvc.fs import get_cloud_fs
 
-            cls, config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(self.repo, name=name)
+            cls, config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(self.repo.config, name=name)
 
             if config.get("worktree"):
                 version_aware = config.get("version_aware")
diff --git a/dvc/fs/__init__.py b/dvc/fs/__init__.py
index 8653d0fd4e6..5cacd44489f 100644
--- a/dvc/fs/__init__.py
+++ b/dvc/fs/__init__.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def download(fs: "FileSystem", fs_path: str, to: str, jobs: Optional[int] = None
 def parse_external_url(url, config=None):
     remote_config = dict(config) if config else {}
     remote_config["url"] = url
-    fs_cls, fs_config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(None, **remote_config)
+    fs_cls, fs_config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs({}, **remote_config)
     fs = fs_cls(**fs_config)
     return fs, fs_path
 
@@ -133,18 +133,13 @@ def _resolve_remote_refs(config, remote_conf):
         return remote_conf
 
     base = get_fs_config(config, name=parsed.netloc)
-    cls, _, _ = _get_cloud_fs(config, **base)
+    cls, _, _ = get_cloud_fs(config, **base)
     relpath = parsed.path.lstrip("/").replace("/", cls.sep)
     url = cls.sep.join((base["url"], relpath))
     return {**base, **remote_conf, "url": url}
 
 
-def get_cloud_fs(repo, **kwargs):
-    repo_config = repo.config if repo else {}
-    return _get_cloud_fs(repo_config, **kwargs)
-
-
-def _get_cloud_fs(repo_config, **kwargs):
+def get_cloud_fs(repo_config, **kwargs):
     core_config = repo_config.get("core", {})
 
     remote_conf = get_fs_config(repo_config, **kwargs)
diff --git a/dvc/output.py b/dvc/output.py
index cad9428ac4f..06924a22437 100644
--- a/dvc/output.py
+++ b/dvc/output.py
@@ -354,7 +354,11 @@ def __init__(  # noqa: PLR0913
         if fs_config is not None:
             fs_kwargs.update(**fs_config)
 
-        fs_cls, fs_config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(self.repo, url=path, **fs_kwargs)
+        fs_cls, fs_config, fs_path = get_cloud_fs(
+            self.repo.config if self.repo else {},
+            url=path,
+            **fs_kwargs,
+        )
         self.fs = fs_cls(**fs_config)
 
         if (
@@ -1017,7 +1021,9 @@ def transfer(
         if odb is None:
             odb = self.cache
 
-        cls, config, from_info = get_cloud_fs(self.repo, url=source)
+        cls, config, from_info = get_cloud_fs(
+            self.repo.config if self.repo else {}, url=source
+        )
         from_fs = cls(**config)
 
         # When running import-url --to-remote / add --to-remote/-o ... we