Merge pull request #186 from javascript-tutorial/merge-upstream

Merge upstream

Author: bugron

Diff for: 1-js/02-first-steps/04-variables/article.md

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ let имя = '...';
 let 我 = '...';
 ```
 
-Նման անունները վավեր են, սակայն ամենուր ընդունված է օգտագործել անգլերենը: Նույնիսկ եթե փոքր սկրիպտ եք գրում, այն հնարավոր է կարդան նաև այլազգի ծրագրավորողները:
+Այստեղ սխալ չկա։ Նման անունները վավեր են, սակայն ամենուր ընդունված է օգտագործել անգլերենը: Նույնիսկ եթե փոքր սկրիպտ եք գրում, այն հնարավոր է կարդան նաև այլազգի ծրագրավորողները:
 ````
 
 ````warn header="Վերապահված անուններ (reserved names)"
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ myBirthday = '01.01.2001'; // error, can't reassign the constant!
 
 ### Մեծատառ հաստատուններ
 
-Ընդունված է օգտագործել հաստատունները դժվար հիշվող արժեքների համար, որոնք հայտնի են նախօրոք:
+Ընդունված է հաստատունները օգտագործել դժվար հիշվող արժեքների համար, որոնք հայտնի են նախօրոք:
 
 Նման հաստատունները գրվում են մեծատառ և ընդգծիկներով (underscores):
 
@@ -289,15 +289,15 @@ alert(color); // #FF7F00
 
 Եկեք հասկանանք երբ է պետք հաստատունները գրել մեծատառերով, իսկ երբ ոչ:
 
-«Հաստատունն» ուղղակի փոփոխական է, որի արժեքը չի փոխվում: Այունամենայնիվ կան հաստատուններ, որոնց արժեքը հայտնի է մինչև սկրիպը գործարկելը (ինչպես, օրինակ, վերոնշյալ գույները) և կան հաստատուններ, որոնց արժեքը հայտնի է դառնում միայն սկրիպտի աշխատանքի ընթացքում և այն չի փոխվում սկզբնական վերագրումից հետո:
+«Հաստատունն» ուղղակի փոփոխական է, որի արժեքը չի փոխվում: Կան հաստատուններ, որոնց արժեքը հայտնի է մինչև սկրիպտը գործարկելը (ինչպես, օրինակ, վերոնշյալ գույները) և կան հաստատուններ, որոնց արժեքը հայտնի է դառնում միայն սկրիպտի աշխատանքի ընթացքում և այն չի փոխվում սկզբնական վերագրումից հետո:
 
 Օրինակ՝
 
 ```js
 const pageLoadTime = /* time taken by a webpage to load */;
 ```
 
-`pageLoadTime`-ի արժեքը հայտնի չէ, քանի դեռ էջն ամբողջությամբ չի բեռնվել, սակայն այն հաստատուն է, քանի որ արժեքը չի փոխվում:
+`pageLoadTime`-ի արժեքը հայտնի չէ, քանի դեռ էջն ամբողջությամբ չի բեռնվել, այդ իսկ պատճառով այն մեծատառ չէ։ Սակայն այն հաստատուն է, քանի որ վերագրելուց հետո արժեքը չի փոխվում:
 
 Այլ կերպ ասած՝ մեծատառերով գրված հաստատունները օգտագործվում են միայն որպես «կոշտ կոդավորված» արժեքների փոխանուններ:
 

Diff for: 1-js/03-code-quality/06-polyfills/article.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Teams behind JavaScript engines have their own ideas about what to implement fir
 
 So it's quite common for an engine to implement only part of the standard.
 
-A good page to see the current state of support for language features is <https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/> (it's big, we have a lot to study yet).
+A good page to see the current state of support for language features is <https://compat-table.github.io/compat-table/es6/> (it's big, we have a lot to study yet).
 
 As programmers, we'd like to use most recent features. The more good stuff - the better!
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Just don't forget to use a transpiler (if using modern syntax or operators) and
 For example, later when you're familiar with JavaScript, you can setup a code build system based on [webpack](https://webpack.js.org/) with the [babel-loader](https://github.com/babel/babel-loader) plugin.
 
 Good resources that show the current state of support for various features:
-- <https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/> - for pure JavaScript.
+- <https://compat-table.github.io/compat-table/es6/> - for pure JavaScript.
 - <https://caniuse.com/> - for browser-related functions.
 
 P.S. Google Chrome is usually the most up-to-date with language features, try it if a tutorial demo fails. Most tutorial demos work with any modern browser though.

Diff for: 1-js/05-data-types/03-string/3-truncate/task.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The result of the function should be the truncated (if needed) string.
 For instance:
 
 ```js
-truncate("What I'd like to tell on this topic is:", 20) = "What I'd like to te…"
+truncate("What I'd like to tell on this topic is:", 20) == "What I'd like to te…"
 
-truncate("Hi everyone!", 20) = "Hi everyone!"
+truncate("Hi everyone!", 20) == "Hi everyone!"
 ```

Diff for: 1-js/05-data-types/10-destructuring-assignment/article.md

@@ -5,18 +5,18 @@ The two most used data structures in JavaScript are `Object` and `Array`.
 - Objects allow us to create a single entity that stores data items by key.
 - Arrays allow us to gather data items into an ordered list.
 
-Although, when we pass those to a function, it may need not be an object/array as a whole. It may need individual pieces.
+However, when we pass these to a function, we may not need all of it. The function might only require certain elements or properties.
 
 *Destructuring assignment* is a special syntax that allows us to "unpack" arrays or objects into a bunch of variables, as sometimes that's more convenient.
 
-Destructuring also works great with complex functions that have a lot of parameters, default values, and so on. Soon we'll see that.
+Destructuring also works well with complex functions that have a lot of parameters, default values, and so on. Soon we'll see that.
 
 ## Array destructuring
 
 Here's an example of how an array is destructured into variables:
 
 ```js
-// we have an array with the name and surname
+// we have an array with a name and surname
 let arr = ["John", "Smith"]
 
 *!*
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ alert(firstName); // John
 alert(surname);  // Smith
 ```
 
-As you can see, the syntax is simple. There are several peculiar details though. Let's see more examples, to better understand it.
+As you can see, the syntax is simple. There are several peculiar details though. Let's see more examples to understand it better.
 
 ````smart header="\"Destructuring\" does not mean \"destructive\"."
-It's called "destructuring assignment," because it "destructurizes" by copying items into variables. But the array itself is not modified.
+It's called "destructuring assignment," because it "destructurizes" by copying items into variables. However, the array itself is not modified.
 
 It's just a shorter way to write:
 ```js
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ let [firstName, , title] = ["Julius", "Caesar", "Consul", "of the Roman Republic
 alert( title ); // Consul
 ```
 
-In the code above, the second element of the array is skipped, the third one is assigned to `title`, and the rest of the array items is also skipped (as there are no variables for them).
+In the code above, the second element of the array is skipped, the third one is assigned to `title`, and the rest of the array items are also skipped (as there are no variables for them).
 ````
 
 ````smart header="Works with any iterable on the right-side"
@@ -95,17 +95,17 @@ alert(user.surname); // Smith
 ````
 
 ````smart header="Looping with .entries()"
-In the previous chapter we saw the [Object.entries(obj)](mdn:js/Object/entries) method.
+In the previous chapter, we saw the [Object.entries(obj)](mdn:js/Object/entries) method.
 
-We can use it with destructuring to loop over keys-and-values of an object:
+We can use it with destructuring to loop over the keys-and-values of an object:
 
 ```js run
 let user = {
   name: "John",
   age: 30
 };
 
-// loop over keys-and-values
+// loop over the keys-and-values
 *!*
 for (let [key, value] of Object.entries(user)) {
 */!*
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ If we'd like also to gather all that follows -- we can add one more parameter th
 let [name1, name2, *!*...rest*/!*] = ["Julius", "Caesar", *!*"Consul", "of the Roman Republic"*/!*];
 
 *!*
-// rest is array of items, starting from the 3rd one
+// rest is an array of items, starting from the 3rd one
 alert(rest[0]); // Consul
 alert(rest[1]); // of the Roman Republic
 alert(rest.length); // 2
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ let [name1, name2, *!*...titles*/!*] = ["Julius", "Caesar", "Consul", "of the Ro
 
 ### Default values
 
-If the array is shorter than the list of variables at the left, there'll be no errors. Absent values are considered undefined:
+If the array is shorter than the list of variables on the left, there will be no errors. Absent values are considered undefined:
 
 ```js run
 *!*
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ alert( title ); // Menu
 
 ## Nested destructuring
 
-If an object or an array contain other nested objects and arrays, we can use more complex left-side patterns to extract deeper portions.
+If an object or an array contains other nested objects and arrays, we can use more complex left-side patterns to extract deeper portions.
 
 In the code below `options` has another object in the property `size` and an array in the property `items`. The pattern on the left side of the assignment has the same structure to extract values from them:
 
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ Note that there are no variables for `size` and `items`, as we take their conten
 
 There are times when a function has many parameters, most of which are optional. That's especially true for user interfaces. Imagine a function that creates a menu. It may have a width, a height, a title, items list and so on.
 
-Here's a bad way to write such function:
+Here's a bad way to write such a function:
 
 ```js
 function showMenu(title = "Untitled", width = 200, height = 100, items = []) {

Diff for: 1-js/05-data-types/12-json/article.md

@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ To decode a JSON-string, we need another method named [JSON.parse](mdn:js/JSON/p
 
 The syntax:
 ```js
-let value = JSON.parse(str, [reviver]);
+let value = JSON.parse(str[, reviver]);
 ```
 
 str

Diff for: 1-js/08-prototypes/04-prototype-methods/article.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The only usage of `__proto__`, that's not frowned upon, is as a property when cr
 
 Although, there's a special method for this too:
 
-- [Object.create(proto, [descriptors])](mdn:js/Object/create) -- creates an empty object with given `proto` as `[[Prototype]]` and optional property descriptors.
+- [Object.create(proto[, descriptors])](mdn:js/Object/create) -- creates an empty object with given `proto` as `[[Prototype]]` and optional property descriptors.
 
 For instance:
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ alert(Object.keys(chineseDictionary)); // hello,bye
 - To create an object with the given prototype, use:
 
     - literal syntax: `{ __proto__: ... }`, allows to specify multiple properties
-    - or [Object.create(proto, [descriptors])](mdn:js/Object/create), allows to specify property descriptors.
+    - or [Object.create(proto[, descriptors])](mdn:js/Object/create), allows to specify property descriptors.
 
     The `Object.create` provides an easy way to shallow-copy an object with all descriptors:
 

Diff for: 1-js/13-modules/02-import-export/article.md

@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ Well, there are few reasons.
 2. Explicit list of imports gives better overview of the code structure: what is used and where. It makes code support and refactoring easier.
 
 ```smart header="Don't be afraid to import too much"
-Modern build tools, such as [webpack](https://webpack.js.org/) and others, bundle modules together and optimize them to speedup loading. They also removed unused imports.
+Modern build tools, such as [webpack](https://webpack.js.org/) and others, bundle modules together and optimize them to speedup loading. They also remove unused imports.
 
-For instance, if you `import * as library` from a huge code library, and then use only few methods, then unused ones [will not be included](https://github.com/webpack/webpack/tree/main/examples/harmony-unused#examplejs) into the optimzed bundle.
+For instance, if you `import * as library` from a huge code library, and then use only few methods, then unused ones [will not be included](https://github.com/webpack/webpack/tree/main/examples/harmony-unused#examplejs) into the optimized bundle.
 ```
 
 ## Import "as"