diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.lock b/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.lock
index f8bd1600..9a614cf8 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.lock
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.lock
@@ -487,9 +487,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3"
-version = "0.22.5"
+version = "0.23.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3d922163ba1f79c04bc49073ba7b32fd5a8d3b76a87c955921234b8e77333c51"
+checksum = "e484fd2c8b4cb67ab05a318f1fd6fa8f199fcc30819f08f07d200809dba26c15"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "indoc",
@@ -506,9 +506,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-build-config"
-version = "0.22.5"
+version = "0.23.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bc38c5feeb496c8321091edf3d63e9a6829eab4b863b4a6a65f26f3e9cc6b179"
+checksum = "dc0e0469a84f208e20044b98965e1561028180219e35352a2afaf2b942beff3b"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "target-lexicon",
@@ -516,9 +516,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-ffi"
-version = "0.22.5"
+version = "0.23.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "94845622d88ae274d2729fcefc850e63d7a3ddff5e3ce11bd88486db9f1d357d"
+checksum = "eb1547a7f9966f6f1a0f0227564a9945fe36b90da5a93b3933fc3dc03fae372d"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "pyo3-build-config",
@@ -526,9 +526,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros"
-version = "0.22.5"
+version = "0.23.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e655aad15e09b94ffdb3ce3d217acf652e26bbc37697ef012f5e5e348c716e5e"
+checksum = "fdb6da8ec6fa5cedd1626c886fc8749bdcbb09424a86461eb8cdf096b7c33257"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "pyo3-macros-backend",
@@ -538,9 +538,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros-backend"
-version = "0.22.5"
+version = "0.23.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae1e3f09eecd94618f60a455a23def79f79eba4dc561a97324bf9ac8c6df30ce"
+checksum = "38a385202ff5a92791168b1136afae5059d3ac118457bb7bc304c197c2d33e7d"
 dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.toml b/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.toml
index 02f12286..2a3f9148 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.toml
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/Cargo.toml
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ wasm-bindgen-test = "0.3"
 
 # assumes python dependencies when not on wasm32-unknown-unknown
 [target.'cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))'.dependencies]
-pyo3 = { version = "0.22", features = ["extension-module", "num-bigint"] }
+pyo3 = { version = "0.23", features = ["extension-module", "num-bigint"] }
 
 # assumes wasm dependencies when on wasm32-unknown-unknown
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")'.dependencies]
 wasm-bindgen = "0.2"
 
 [dependencies]
-pyo3 = { version = "0.22", features = ["extension-module", "num-bigint"], optional = true }
+pyo3 = { version = "0.23", features = ["extension-module", "num-bigint"], optional = true }
 wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.2", optional = true }
 num-bigint = "0.4"
 num-traits = "0.2"
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/ecip.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/ecip.rs
index 3dbe8665..34ecf8ec 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/ecip.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/ecip.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ pub fn zk_ecip_hint(
     let v = ecip::core::zk_ecip_hint(list_values, list_scalars, curve_id)
         .map_err(PyErr::new::<pyo3::exceptions::PyValueError, _>)?;
 
-    let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, v.into_iter().map(|x| PyList::new_bound(py, x)));
-
+    let inner_lists: Vec<_> = v
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|x| PyList::new(py, x))
+        .collect::<PyResult<_>>()?;
+    let py_list = PyList::new(py, inner_lists)?;
     Ok(py_list.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/extf_mul.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/extf_mul.rs
index cc2abac3..358b052d 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/extf_mul.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/extf_mul.rs
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ where
         .into_iter()
         .map(|x| BigUint::from_bytes_be(&x.to_bytes_be()))
         .collect::<Vec<BigUint>>();
-    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(py, [PyList::new_bound(py, q), PyList::new_bound(py, r)]);
+    let q_list = PyList::new(py, q)?;
+    let r_list = PyList::new(py, r)?;
+    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(py, [q_list, r_list])?;
     Ok(py_tuple.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/final_exp_witness.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/final_exp_witness.rs
index 05626ff8..9495280b 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/final_exp_witness.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/final_exp_witness.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ pub fn get_final_exp_witness(
     let f_11: BigUint = py_list.get_item(11)?.extract()?;
     let f = [f_0, f_1, f_2, f_3, f_4, f_5, f_6, f_7, f_8, f_9, f_10, f_11];
     let (c, wi) = crate::pairing::final_exp_witness::get_final_exp_witness(curve_id, f);
-    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(py, [PyList::new_bound(py, c), PyList::new_bound(py, wi)]);
-    Ok(py_tuple.into())
+    let c_list = PyList::new(py, c)?;
+    let wi_list = PyList::new(py, wi)?;
+    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(py, [c_list, wi_list])?;
+    Ok(Py::from(py_tuple))
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/g2.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/g2.rs
index 6c43b098..a6bc4328 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/g2.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/g2.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub fn g2_add(
             Fq2::new(Fq::from(b_2), Fq::from(b_3)),
         );
         let c: G2Affine = (a + b).into();
-        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(
+        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(
             py,
             [
                 BigUint::from(c.x.c0.into_bigint()),
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pub fn g2_add(
                 BigUint::from(c.y.c1.into_bigint()),
             ],
         );
-        return Ok(py_tuple.into());
+        return Ok(py_tuple?.into_any().into());
     }
 
     if curve_id == CURVE_BLS12_381 {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub fn g2_add(
             Fq2::new(Fq::from(b_2), Fq::from(b_3)),
         );
         let c: G2Affine = (a + b).into();
-        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(
+        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(
             py,
             [
                 BigUint::from(c.x.c0.into_bigint()),
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub fn g2_add(
                 BigUint::from(c.y.c1.into_bigint()),
             ],
         );
-        return Ok(py_tuple.into());
+        return Ok(py_tuple?.into());
     }
 
     panic!("Curve ID {} not supported", curve_id);
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ pub fn g2_scalar_mul(
             Fq2::new(Fq::from(a_2), Fq::from(a_3)),
         );
         let c: G2Affine = a.mul_bigint(k.to_u64_digits()).into();
-        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(
+        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(
             py,
             [
                 BigUint::from(c.x.c0.into_bigint()),
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub fn g2_scalar_mul(
                 BigUint::from(c.y.c1.into_bigint()),
             ],
         );
-        return Ok(py_tuple.into());
+        return Ok(py_tuple?.into());
     }
 
     if curve_id == CURVE_BLS12_381 {
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ pub fn g2_scalar_mul(
             Fq2::new(Fq::from(a_2), Fq::from(a_3)),
         );
         let c: G2Affine = a.mul_bigint(k.to_u64_digits()).into();
-        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(
+        let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(
             py,
             [
                 BigUint::from(c.x.c0.into_bigint()),
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ pub fn g2_scalar_mul(
                 BigUint::from(c.y.c1.into_bigint()),
             ],
         );
-        return Ok(py_tuple.into());
+        return Ok(py_tuple?.into());
     }
 
     panic!("Curve ID {} not supported", curve_id);
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/groth16_calldata.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/groth16_calldata.rs
index 858c8b09..ba3e8314 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/groth16_calldata.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/groth16_calldata.rs
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ pub fn get_groth16_calldata(
     )
     .map_err(PyErr::new::<pyo3::exceptions::PyValueError, _>)?;
 
-    let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, result);
-    Ok(py_list.into())
+    let py_list = PyList::new(py, result);
+    Ok(py_list?.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/hades_permutation.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/hades_permutation.rs
index e4534952..4386254c 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/hades_permutation.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/hades_permutation.rs
@@ -22,13 +22,12 @@ pub fn hades_permutation(
 
     PoseidonCairoStark252::hades_permutation(&mut state);
 
-    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new_bound(
+    let py_tuple = PyTuple::new(
         py,
         state.iter().map(|fe| {
             let fe_bytes = fe.to_bytes_be();
-            PyBytes::new_bound(py, &fe_bytes)
+            PyBytes::new(py, &fe_bytes)
         }),
     );
-
-    Ok(py_tuple.into())
+    Ok(py_tuple?.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/mpc_calldata.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/mpc_calldata.rs
index 643b18d3..1a8f0144 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/mpc_calldata.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/mpc_calldata.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ pub fn mpc_calldata_builder(
         curve_id, &values1, n_fixed_g2, &values2,
     )
     .map_err(PyErr::new::<pyo3::exceptions::PyValueError, _>)?;
-    let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, result);
-    Ok(py_list.into())
+    let py_list = PyList::new(py, result);
+    Ok(py_list?.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/msm.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/msm.rs
index ef26ea02..c40896c2 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/msm.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/msm.rs
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ pub fn msm_calldata_builder(
         risc0_mode,
     )
     .map_err(PyErr::new::<pyo3::exceptions::PyValueError, _>)?;
-    let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, result);
-    Ok(py_list.into())
+    let py_list = PyList::new(py, result);
+    Ok(py_list?.into())
 }
diff --git a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/pairing.rs b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/pairing.rs
index fcb1e518..de961a0e 100644
--- a/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/pairing.rs
+++ b/tools/garaga_rs/src/python_bindings/pairing.rs
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ pub fn multi_pairing(
                 BigUint::from(v.c1.c2.c1.into_bigint()),
             ]
         }
-        let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, to(c.0));
-        return Ok(py_list.into());
+        let py_list = PyList::new(py, to(c.0));
+        return Ok(py_list?.into());
     }
 
     if curve_id == CURVE_BLS12_381 {
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ pub fn multi_pairing(
                 BigUint::from(v.c1.c2.c1.into_bigint()),
             ]
         }
-        let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, to(c.0));
-        return Ok(py_list.into());
+        let py_list = PyList::new(py, to(c.0));
+        return Ok(py_list?.into());
     }
 
     panic!("Curve ID {} not supported", curve_id);
@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ pub fn multi_miller_loop(
                 BigUint::from(v.c1.c2.c1.into_bigint()),
             ]
         }
-        let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, to(c.0));
-        return Ok(py_list.into());
+        let py_list = PyList::new(py, to(c.0));
+        return Ok(py_list?.into());
     }
 
     if curve_id == CURVE_BLS12_381 {
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ pub fn multi_miller_loop(
                 BigUint::from(v.c1.c2.c1.into_bigint()),
             ]
         }
-        let py_list = PyList::new_bound(py, to(c.0));
-        return Ok(py_list.into());
+        let py_list = PyList::new(py, to(c.0));
+        return Ok(py_list?.into());
     }
 
     panic!("Curve ID {} not supported", curve_id);