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rules.txt
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rules.txt
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# morph-ga.txt: Morphology rules for Irish.
# Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Kevin P. Scannell <[email protected]>
#
# This is free software; see the file COPYING for copying conditions. There
# is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE.
#
# with the exception of some of the non-standard verb endings,
# each rule decreases number of caps or length => recursion will stop.
#
# each substitution is applied globally (though this is only relevant
# for the few rules that aren't anchored at ^ or $
#
# There is no need to encode the regular inflectional morphology of
# Irish here because it is already handled by the C++ code that generates
# the basic lexicon. So if "imirceacha" is not in the lexicon (it is)
# "imirceach" won't be either. On the other hand it can be quite useful
# to include *derivational* morphology; so if "gaimbíneachas" is not
# in the lexicon (it is) there is some hope that by stripping the
# "eachas" it will find the root "gaimbín".
^([ACEFH-LO-SU-ZÁÉÍÓÚ])([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*[A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ $1\L$2 -1
^B([A-GI-OQ-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ B\L$1 -1
^B'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚF][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ B'\L$1 -1
^BH([A-EG-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ Bh\L$1 -1
^D([A-SU-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ D\L$1 -1
^D'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚF][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ D'\L$1 -1
^G([ABD-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ G\L$1 -1
^M([AC-ZÁÉÍÓÚ][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ M\L$1 -1
^N([ABCEFH-ZÁÉÍÓÚ-][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ N\L$1 -1
^T([A-RT-ZÁÉÍÓÚ-][A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]*)$ T\L$1 -1
^([ACEFH-LO-SU-ZÁÉÍÓÚ]) \l$1 -1
^B([^pPh]) b$1 -1
^Bh([^fF]) bh$1 -1
^D([^tT]) d$1 -1
^G([^cC]) g$1 -1
^M([^bB]) m$1 -1
^N([^dDgG]) n$1 -1
^T([^sS]) t$1 -1
(...)-([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ]) $1-\l$2 -1
^b'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚF]) b'\l$1 -1
^bP([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ bP\L$1 -1
^bP bp -1
^bhF([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ bhF\L$1 -1
^bhF bhf -1
^d'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚF]) d'\l$1 -1
^dT([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ dT\L$1 -1
^dT dt -1
^gC([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ gC\L$1 -1
^gC gc -1
^h([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ])([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ h$1\L$2 -1
^h([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) h\l$1 -1
^m'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚF]) m'\l$1 -1
^mB([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ mB\L$1 -1
^mB mb -1
^n([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ])([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ n$1\L$2 -1
^n([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) n-\l$1 -1
^nD([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ nD\L$1 -1
^nD nd -1
^nG([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ nG\L$1 -1
^nG ng -1
^tS([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ tS\L$1 -1
^tS ts -1
^t([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ])([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ'-]+)$ t$1\L$2 -1
^t([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) t-\l$1 -1
# these aren't in aspell db by default; better to do early (mb'amhlaidh)
^mb' b' -1
^d'f([aeiouáéíóú]) d'fh$1 2
# do these early - avoids mistakes with "aighthe" (==aghaidheanna)
# and note that first rule must precede second to get "-aithe" pp's correct
# IMPORTANT - used for -ughadh endings e.g., -> -aghadh which goes to ú below
u(i?[dg]h) a$1 1
i[dg]h(th?ear)$ ítear 1
i[dg]h(th?í) ítí 1
i[dg]hth?(.) ith$1 1
idhtheach íoch 1
i[dg]hth?(.) it$1 1
#######################
# rules-local.txt here...
(...)-sin$ $1_sin 1
(...)-se?o$ $1_seo 1
^(ao|é[ai])n-(...) aon_$2 1
^m'([bcdglmnpst]) mo_$1 1
# tsórt -> sórt, tsaghas -> saghas
# also means we need to have forms like "tsaoghail", where we want to
# preserve the initial t, in the IG db as alt
^ts s 1
# note next two aren't anchored at start => multiple digits are ok
([0-9])adh$ $1ú 1
([0-9])mhadh$ $1ú 1
e[oó][cg]had$ eoidh_mé 1
([^e])[oó][cg]had$ $1óidh_mé 1
e[oó][cg]hadsa$ eoidh_mise 1
([^e])[oó][cg]hadsa$ $1óidh_mise 1
e[oó]chair$ eoidh_tú 1
e[oó]chairse$ eoidh_tusa 1
(..)eabhair$ $1_sibh 1
(..[^e])abhair$ $1_sibh 1
([^e])[oó]chair$ $1óidh_tú 1
(..)fad-sa$ $1faidh_mise 1
(..)fadsa$ $1faidh_mise 1
(..)fad$ $1faidh_mé 1
(..)fead-sa$ $1fidh_mise 1
(..)feadsa$ $1fidh_mise 1
(..)fead$ $1fidh_mé 1
(..)fai[rs]$ $1faidh_tú 1
(..)fi[rs]$ $1fidh_tú 1
(..)fai[rs]se$ $1faidh_tusa 1
(..)fi[rs]se$ $1fidh_tusa 1
(...)óis$ $1óidh_tú 1
(...)eois$ $1eoidh_tú 1
(...)ód$ $1óidh_mé 1
(...)eod$ $1eoidh_mé 1
(...)óid$ $1óidh_siad 1
(...)eoid$ $1eoidh_siad 1
(..)ains$ $1ann_tú 1
(..[^a])ins$ $1eann_tú 1
(..)íns$ $1íonn_tú 1
(..)[au]íd$ $1aíonn_siad 1
(.[^f])eas$ $1_mé 1
(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])as$ $1_mé 1
(.[^f])eas-sa$ $1_mise 1
(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])as-sa$ $1_mise 1
álas$ áil_mé 1
(...)íos$ $1igh_mé 1
ígheas$ igh_mé 1
(..[^f])ai[rs]$ $1_tú 1
(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])i[rs]$ $1_tú 1
(...)ís$ $1igh_tú 1
#############################################################################
################## CAIGHDEÁN OIFIGIÚIL SPELLING REFORMS #####################
#############################################################################
# modernize prefixes (no need to trap mutated versions, stripped below
# full list from OD77 is in gaeilge/diolaim/x/OD77alt-prefixes
^(h?a)ith $1th 1
^d'aith d'ath 1
^(h?a)ird([^e]) $1rd$1 1
# handled by more general "nn" rule below
#^h?anns ans 1 <.+> <&>
^([dm])h' $1' 1
^h- h 1
^n-([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) n$1 1
^t-([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) t$1 1
^(h?a)oin $1on 1
^(h?a)na- $1n- 1
#^[Áá]rd(-?..) ard$1 1 <.+> <&>
^(h?a)th-?th $1t 1
^bh' b' 1
^mbh mb 2
^(m?bh?)ain([^_].) $1an$2 1
^(m?bh?)áin $1án 1
^(m?bh?)airr $1arr 1
^(m?bh?)aoith $1aoth 1
^(m?bh?)eig $1eag 1
^(m?bh?)éil $1éal 1
^(m?bh?)ioth $1ith 1
^(m?bh?)oig $1og 1
^(m?bh?)oinn $1onn 1
^(m?bh?)oirr $1orr 1
# handled by more general ll rule below
#^bolls bols 1 <.+> <&>
^(m?bh?)uadh bua 1
^(m?bh?)uain buan 1
^(g?ch?)aim $1am 1
# handled by more general tht rule below
#^caitht cait 1 <.+> <&>
^(g?ch?)aoimh $1aomh 1
# N.B. makes string longer
#^ceathar ceathair 1 <.+> <&>
^(g?ch?)éid $1éad 1
# N.B. makes string longer
#^cinn ceann 1 <.+> <&>
^(g?ch?)einn $1eann 1
^(g?ch?)ionn $1eann 1
^(g?ch?)láir $1lár 1
^(g?ch?)laoidh $1loí 1
^(g?ch?)laoin $1laon 1
^(g?ch?)oilg $1olg 1
^(g?ch?)[oó]imh-mh $1óimh 1
^(g?ch?)oimh $1omh 1
^(g?ch?)[óo]imhmh $1óimh 1
^(g?ch?)óimh([^eéií]) $1omh$2 1
# general ómh[^a] -> omh$1 rule below
^(g?ch?)ómha $1omha 1
^(g?ch?)ómhmh $1ómh 1
^(g?ch?)omh-(mh[aáoóuú]) $1ó$2 1
^(g?ch?)omh-(mh[eéií]) $1ói$2 1
^(g?ch?)oimh-n $1óin 1
^(g?ch?)[oó]mh-?(n[aáoóuú]) $1ó$2 1
^(g?ch?)[oó]mh-?(n[eéií]) $1ói$2 1
^(g?ch?)ó-(..) $1omh$2 1
^(g?ch?)ó([bcdfgpt]h) $1omh$2 1
^(g?ch?)[ou]ir([pr]) $1or$2 1
^(g?ch?)rainn $1rann 1
^(g?ch?)rioth $1rith 1
^(g?ch?)roim $1rom 1
^(g?ch?)ruai?dh $1rua 1
^(g?ch?)úil $1úl 1
^(n?dh?)á- $1é 1
^(n?dh?)aill $1all 1
^(n?dh?)aoir([^s]) $1aor$2 1
# first spelling of dea- is from na Grianna
^(n?dh?)éagh- $1ea- 1
^(n?dh?)e[áai]gh- $1ea- 1
^(n?dh?)e[áai]gh([^-]) $1ea-$2 1
^(n?dh?)eir([bg]) $1ear$2 1
^(n?dh?)ío- $1í- 1
^(n?dh?)iubhr $1iúr 1
^(n?dh?)lighi? $1lí 1
^(n?dh?)oi- $1o- 1
^(n?dh?)oinn $1onn 1
^(n?dh?)roich $1roch 1
^(n?dh?)ruim $1roim 1
^(n?dh?)uibh $1ubh 1
^(n?dh?)ubh- $1ú 1
# handled by more general prefix+gc rule below
#^éagc éag 1 <.+> <&>
#^éigc éig 1 <.+> <&>
# handled by more general prefix+dt rule below
#^éadt éad 1 <.+> <&>
#^éidt éid 1 <.+> <&>
# handled by more general ll rule below
#^falls fals 1 <.+> <&>
^eadar idir 1
^headar hidir 1
^eidir idir 1
^heidir hidir 1
^((bh)?fh?)ágbh $1ág 1
^((bh)?fh?)iadh $1ia 1
^((bh)?fh?)ír- $1íor 1
^((bh)?fh?)lith $1rith 1
^((bh)?fh?)rioth([^á]) $1rith$3 1
^((bh)?fh?)ó- $1o- 1
^((bh)?fh?)oir- $1or- 1
^((bh)?fh?)uair- $1uar- 1
# N.B. makes string longer
#^gamh geamh 1 <.+> <&>
# N.B. makes string longer
^(n?gh?)irr $1earr 1
^(n?gh?)airbh $1arbh 1
^(n?gh?)éir $1éar 1
^(n?gh?)náith $1náth 1
^(n?gh?)obh $1abh 1
^héala([^aeiouáéíóú]+[eéií]) héili$1 1
^héala([^aeiouáéíóú]+[aáoóuú]) héilea$1 1
^(h?i)air $1ar 1
^(h?i)arann $1arn 1
^(h?i)odar $1dir 1
^(h?i)ol([^ar]) $1l$2 1
^(h?i)omshlá $1omlá 1
^(h?i)om([^aálpr]) $1m$2 1
^(h?i)on $1n 1
# handled by more general nn rule below
#^h?ionn([rs]) ion$2 1 <.+> <&>
^([ls])áimh $1ámh 1
^láin lán 1
# handled by more general sb rule below
#^léasb léasp 1 <.+> <&>
^leig([^h]) lig$1 1
# risky?
^leith- leath- 1
^loim lom 1
^lóir leor 1
^luaith([^r]) luath$1 1
# handled by more general sg rule below
#^luasg luasc 1 <.+> <&>
# N.B. makes string longer
^lubh luibh 1
^lui([mn]) loi$1 1
^lúith lúth 1
^(mh?)aill $1all 1
^(mh?)aoil $1aol 1
^(mh?)aoith([^n]) $1aoth$2 1
^(mh?)airbh $1arbh 1
# only two math- words anyway?
#^magh math 1 <.+> <&>
^(mh?)eadh[oó]n $1eán 1
^(mh?)ean $1eán 1
^mh'([aeiouáéíóú].) m'$1 1
# N.B. makes string longer
^(mh?)in- $1ion- 1
^(mh?)ío- $1í- 1
^(mh?)i- $1í- 2
^(mh?)ío([bcdfgmpst]h) $1í$2 1
^(mh?í)-([^aeiouáéíóú].) $1$2 1
# no midh- words anyway?
#^miodh midh 1 <.+> <&>
^(mh?)óir $1ór 1
^naoimh naomh 1
^neamh-([^m].) neamh$1 1
^neimh(..) neamh$1 1
^nea-mb neamhbh 1
^nea- neamh- 1
^nea([cdfgpt]h) neamh$1 1
^nuadh nua 1
^(h?ó)i([gr]) $1$2 1
# handled by more general nn rule below
#^pannc panc 1 <.+> <&>
#^poinnt point 1 <.+> <&>
^(b?ph?)ont $1unt 1
^(b?ph?)rimh $1ríomh 2
^(b?ph?)rímh $1ríomh 1
^réidh ré 1
^réimh réamh 1
^riaghal rial 1
^r[íi]o?gh([^n]) rí$1 1
^ro- ró- 1
^rói- ró- 1
^roighn righn 1
^roimh réamh 1
^ruadh rua 1
^rúin rún 1
^(sh?)áir $1ár 1
^(sh?)aoghl $1aol 1
^(sh?)aoibh $1aobh 1
^(sh?)aoir- $1aor- 1
^sclug sclog 1
^scoith scoth 1
^(sh?)eana- $1ean- 1
^(sh?)ein- $1ean- 1
^(sh?)eana([dst])h $1ean$2 1
^(sh?)iod $1ead 1
^(sh?)íodh $1í 1
# N.B. makes it longer
^(sh?)ír- $1íor- 1
^shm sm 1
^smúid smúit 1
^(sh?)oi- $1o- 1
# handled by more general ll rule below
#^soills soils 1 <.+> <&>
# handled by more general nn rule below
#^sonnr sonr 1 <.+> <&>
^(sh?)r[áa]ic $1rac 1
# N.B. makes string longer
^(sh?)rang $1reang 1
^(sh?)ream $1ram 1
# N.B. makes string longer - risky, plus no "sruim-" words at all?
#^srim sruim 1 <.+> <&>
^stáit stát 1
^(d?th?)aidhbh $1aibh 1
# handled by more general sb rule below
#^taisb taisp 1 <.+> <&>
^t'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚaeiouáéíóú].|[Ff]h) d'$1 1
^(d?th?)easb([^h]) $1aispe$2 1
^(d?th?)eint $1int 1
^(d?th?)ele([^aeiouáéíóú]+[eéií]) $1eili$2 1
^(d?th?)ele([^aeiouáéíóú]+[aáoóuú]) $1eilea$2 1
^(d?th?)iom $1im 1
^(d?th?)iugh $1iú 1
# risky
#^tiúr tabhar 1 <.+> <&>
# handled by more general rule below
#^treabhth treaf 1 <.+> <&>
^(d?th?)reas $1ras 1
^(d?th?)réin $1réan 1
^(d?th?)roim $1rom 1
^(d?th?)uaith $1uath 1
^(h?u)aith $1ath 1
^(h?ú)ir $1r 1
# End of Prefixes - Now general spelling reforms (but not from CO handbook)
# Mostly based on corpus work...
# deán for déan
^(n?dh?)eán $1éan 1
eoracht(a?)$ eoireacht$1 1
óracht(a?)$ óireacht$1 1
éair$ éir 1
eor$ eoir 1
# 08-11-05, generalize nouns to everything (fraochta e.g.)
# Sept 2017, generalize from end of word to anywhere
chd([^h]) cht$1 1
chd$ cht 1
ínteacht(a?)$ íneacht$1 1
óanna$ ónna 1
# corpus - Dómhnach, etc., but not rómhilis, etc.
# Handles all ^cómh- prefixes too except ^cómha which we do above explicitly
([^Rr])ómh([^a]) $1omh$2 1
^(.)ógh $1ogh 1
eamhn iún 1
([^e])amhn $1ún 1
# warning - makes longer
^b'f([aeiouáéíóú]) b'fh$1 1
# lán-dhícheall -> lándícheall, sean-shaoghal -> seansaoghal -> seansaol
([dntls])-([dntls])h $1-$2 1
# Now various general spelling reforms from CO handbook
ai(cht?ín) a$1 1
aa á 1
sg sc 1
sb sp 1
sd st 1
dn nn 1
aoí aoi 1
ín([gs]) in$1 1
éaracht éireacht 1
(..)[au]ig$ $1aigh 1
ngc nc 1
é(ir[ld]) e$1 1
á(i?r[dlnr]) a$1 1
ó(i?r[dlnr]) o$1 1
ú(i?r[dlnr]) u$1 1
eó eo 1
áo ao 1
úa ua 1
aó ao 1
eamh[au]il$ iúil 1
eamhla iúla 1
([^e])amh[au]il$ $1úil 1
([^e])amhla $1úla 1
adht([aá]) at$1 1
iomh$ eamh 1
aíle$ aíola 1
idhibh$ í 1
([ií])[dg]hthibh$ $1the 1
aighibh$ aigh 1
([^a])ighibh$ $1igh 1
eachaibh$ igh 1
([^e])achaibh$ $1aigh 1
([^a])chaibh$ $1aigh 1
anaibh$ anna 1
ánaibh$ áin 1
aibh$ a 1
aibh$ aí 1
([^_][^_][^a])ibh$ $1í 1
(.)[ée]u $1éa 1
tch t 1
[ií][dg]hea ío 1
[ií][dg]he í 1
[ií][dg]hio ío 1
uí([mto]) aí$1 1
uith aith 1
adha ú 1
ádh á 1
[mb]hth f 1
th[mb]h f 1
ghai aí 1
thch ch 1
tht t 1
ll([rst]) l$1 1
nn([cdlrst]) n$1 1
aogha(i?l) ao$1 1
eamh[au]int$ iúint 1
([^e])amh[au]int$ $1úint 1
([^a])mh[au]int$ $1úint 1
ghail$ aíl 1
ghaile$ aíola 1
ighil$ íl 1
ighile$ íola 1
(ain|[eé][ai]|iar)gc $1g 1
e[au]gc éag 1
(é[ai])dt $1d 1
(dh?í?)omb $1om 1
(ai?n)bhf $1bh 1
(..)u(i?s)$ $1a$2 1
# some dialect/pre-standard noun/adjective inflections
([oó]ga)í$ $1 1
nnaí$ nna 1
(..)dha$ $1tha 1
(..)dha$ $1a 1
eói?g$ eog 1
eoig$ eog 1
óig$ óg 1
lainn$ lann 1
aisí$ ais 1
dth([ea])$ dt$1 1
i[uú]bhar abhar 1
# teilgioch -> teilgeach, réitioch -> réiteach
ioch$ each 1
# Fórsaíbh -> Fórsaí (dpl)
íbh$ í 1
íocha$ í 1
# but note in previous that sometimes this gets interrupted by correct
# plural adjective: cogaidheacha->cogaíocha, or sometimes even correct
# plural noun: claidheacha->claíocha (so want to keep -íocha intermediate)
# more patterns from RIA corpus
uía aío 1
ía ia 1
^bhfh bhf 1
^ff bhf 1
^cc gc 1
^tt dt 1
mair$ mar 1
iuc([^h]) ioc$1 1
aé ae 1
eu éa 1
i[uú]bha?l iúl 1
^dfh d'fh 1
^df([aeiouáéíóú]) d'fh$1 1
################## NON/PRE-STANDARD VERB ENDINGS #########################
# future/conditional 2nd declension with -cha?- see CO p.103
e[oó]cha$ eoidh 1
([^e])ócha$ $1óidh 1
e[oó]chf?a(i?dh)$ eo$1 1
([^e])óchf?a(i?dh)$ $1ó$2 1
e[oó][cg]haid$ eoidh 1
([^e])[oó][cg]haid$ $1óidh 1
e[oó]chaimi([ds])$ eoimi$1 1
([^e])óchaimi([ds])$ $1óimi$2 1
e[oó]chas$ eoidh 1
e[oó]cham$ eoimid 1
([^e])ócham$ $1óimid 1
e[oó]cha?muid$ eoimid 1
([^e])ócha?muid$ $1óimid 1
e[oó]chamaoid$ eoimid 1
([^e])óchamaoid$ $1óimid 1
e[oó]ch[au]i(nn|dís)$ eoi$1 1
([^e])óch[au]i(nn|dís)$ $1ói$2 1
e[oó]ch[au]innse$ eoinnse 1
([^e])óch[au]innse$ $1óinnse 1
e[oó]ch(th|f)?[aá]$ eofá 1
([^e])óch(th|f)?[aá]$ $1ófá 1
# cond. aut. below are often -óchthaidhe in prestandard corpus
# but an earlier rule maps -aidhe to -aí, so rule below handles both
e[oó]ch(f|th)?(aoi|a?í)$ eofaí 1
([^e])óch(f|th)?(aoi|a?í)$ $1ófaí 1
(ó|eo)chf?ar$ $1far 1
(ó|eo)chthar$ $1far 1
f[au]i[dg]hear$ far 1
fi[dg]hear$ fear 1
[ií]ghean$ íonn 1
eamaoid$ imid 1
([^e])amaoid$ $1aimid 1
eamuid$ imid 1
([^e])amuid$ $1aimid 1
eamaois$ imis 1
([^e])amaois$ $1aimis 1
([^e])adaois$ $1aidís 1
faidhear$ far 1
# dá n-amharcthá, dá dtugthá, srl
th(eá)$ t$1 1
úghadh ú 1
aghadh ú 1
iaghadh íodh 1
(..)thear$ $1tear 1
(..)t(te?ar)$ $1$2 1
ighdar íodar 1
[íi]ghim ím 1
[íi]ghmid ímid 1
ighamaid ímid 1
aighid$ aíonn 1
([^a])ighid$ $1íonn 1
ighidh í 1
ighinn ínn 1
idíst$ idís 1
imíst$ imis 1
uigh'e$ aithe 1
fiomuid$ fimid 1
# fas/feas/óchas/ós/eos here are future relatives
# as on CB p.145, i.e. not synthetic
fas$ faidh 1
feas$ fidh 1
óchas$ óidh 1
ós$ óidh 1
eos$ eoidh 1
# Common in achtanna to have -fidh,-fid ending on broad stem, lots of
# other slender/broad mismatches:
([aáoóuú][^aeiouáéíóú]*)fí$ $1faí 1
([aáoóuú][^aeiouáéíóú]*)fidh?$ $1faidh 1
([eéií][^aeiouáéíóú]*)fadh$ $1feadh 1
([eéií][^aeiouáéíóú]*)far$ $1fear 1
([eéií][^aeiouáéíóú]*)tar$ $1tear 1
# see achtanna for íocfaid/íocfa, bainfid/bainfe
fa$ faidh 1
faid$ faidh 1
fe$ fidh 1
fid$ fidh 1
# bainfeam -> bainfimid (via Ruairí Ó hUigín, RIA)
fam$ faimid 1
feam$ fimid 1
# Future/Cond autonomous; unwanted prefix h is common in achtanna
^h([aeiouáéíóú].+fe?ar)$ $1 1
^h([aeiouáéíóú].+fa?í)$ $1 1
# leigiodh -> ligeadh, deiriodh -> deireadh, sgéithfiodh -> scéithfeadh
iodh$ eadh 1
iodar$ eadar 1
# Thugtaoi in MU44, e.g.
taoi$ taí 1
# OS88 p.126 present direct relative
anns$ ann 1
íonns$ íonn 1
uíon$ aíonn 1
# corpus; now handled above
# th(eá|ear)$ t$1 1 <V.*> <&>
# now handled by more general -amuid rules above
#famuid faimid 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
# -idh, -aidh on 1st declension verbs: Pres. Subj. or 2nd pl. imper (-igí)
# according to Dinneen. Some examples seem to be pres. in corpus,
# e.g. suidhidh, some apparently past e.g. uneclipsed "tigidh"
# Here we go with subjunctive which is the most common by far
(.[^a])idh$ $1e 1
# (..)aidh$ $1a 1 <V p="y" t="foshuit"> <&>
# pre-standard texts commonly have "déanfaimíd", "tugaimís", "rachaimíd"...
#(...)imí([ds])$ $1imi$2 1 <V.*> <&>
# generalize and comment out previous...
mí([ds])$ mi$1 1
# these are sometimes also subjunctives: go mbeannuighidh Dia...
# and at least one corpus example that looks like present tense:
# "Tionntuighidh an peacadh an t-anam..."?
[ií]ghidh$ ígí 1
igidh$ igí 1
mist$ mis 1
# various -áil endings should be broad, CO p.120
áilim$ álaim 1
áileann$ álann 1
áilfidh$ álfaidh 1
áilfeá$ álfá 1
áilfear$ álfar 1
áilfí$ álfaí 1
ái(lf?)eadh$ á$1adh 1
ái(lf?)im(i[sd])$ á$1aim$2 1
áiligí$ álaigí 1
áilea([dm]ar)$ ála$1 1
ái(lf?)idís$ á$1aidís 1
áltar$ áiltear 1
álta$ áilte 1
álaithe$ áilte 1
álanna$ álacha 1
^h-?([aeiouáéíóú].+)adh$ n-$1adh 1
^h-?([aeiouáéíóú].+)inn$ n-$1inn 1
^h-?([aeiouáéíóú].+)ann$ n-$1ann 1
#############################################################################
## SYNTHETIC FORMS
## more non-standard verbs; these are all examples where the pronoun
## is bound on the non-standard side, but separate in the standard
## e.g. "glanfad" = "glanfaidh mé"
## gramadóir architecture doesn't allow multiwords on the replacement
## side, so we effectively just drop the pronoun here
## In the Caighdeánaitheoir, we'll comment these out and put analogues
## in the file rules-local.txt with the appropriate pronouns...
##############################################################################
## Future forms: see OS88 p.215 for some of these
## Future 2nd p., "r" forms noted on OS88 p.216;
## and cf. "fas", "feas" above which are relatives (not synthetic)
#fad$ faidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
#fead$ fidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
#fai[rs]$ faidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
#fi[rs]$ fidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
#óis$ óidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&> # salóis = salóidh tú
#eois$ eoidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&> # imreois = imreoidh tú
#ód$ óidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&> # salód = salóidh mé
#eod$ eoidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&> # imreod = imreoidh mé
## socróid = socróidh siad, dílseoid, etc. are 3rd plural forms in achtanna
#óid$ óidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
#eoid$ eoidh 1 <V p="y" t="fáist"> <&>
## habitual present; Learning Irish p. 215
#ains$ ann 1 <V p="y" t="láith"> <&> # glanains = glanann tú
#([^a])ins$ $1eann 1 <V p="y" t="láith"> <&> # brisins
#íns$ íonn 1 <V p="y" t="láith"> <&> # salaíns, coinníns
## pretty rare 3rd person pl.; cialluíd in Achtanna, more or less it?
#(..[au])íd$ $1íonn 1 <V p="y" t="láith"> <&> # cialluíd
## past tenses; broad -s is first person, slender -s is 2nd (OS88 p.215)
## and slender -r is possible in 2nd person (OS88 note on p.216)
## don't allow preceding f to avoid wasting time with -fas, -feas future
## though beware a couple of rare-ish verbs ending in f (graf, liteagraf)
## ** these same endings are above as direct relative present verbs **
#(..[^f])eas$ $1 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # bhriseas
#(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])as$ $1 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # ghlanas
#álas$ áil 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # shábhálas
#áileas$ áil 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # shábháileas
#(...)íos$ $1igh 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # shalaíos, choinníos (but not for syncopated v2 verbs)
#ígheas$ igh 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # "d'eirígheas as"
#(..[^f])ai[rs]$ $1 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # ghlanais
#(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])i[rs]$ $1 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # bhrisis
#(...)ís$ $1igh 1 <V p="y" t="caite"> <&> # shalaís, choinnís
##############################################################################
## start some more radical changes, e.g. stripping prefixes completely
##############################################################################
## hyphened prefixes, an-, dea-
#^h?an-([bcfgmp]h) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?an-([bcfgmp][^h]) $1 2 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?an-([^bcfgmp][^h]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?an-([^bcfgmp]h) $1 2 <[AN].*> <&> # an-dhuine
#^dea-([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^dea-([bcdfgmpt][^h]) $1 2 <[AN].*> <&>
#^dea-(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^dea-(s[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 2 <[AN].*> <&>
#^dea-(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&> # dea-scéal
#^dea-([^bcdfgmpst]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
## other prefixes; most are not independent words (ath, comh, etc.)
## but several are -- these are worth including for several reasons:
## (1) efficiency; morph. analysis happens well before the check for
## compounds/run-togethers (2) allows for a more refined check for
## lenition of the prefixed word or other changes (comh-mh, comh->có, etc.)
#^h?ain([deéiílnrst]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?ain([bcfgmp]h) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?ath([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?ath([bcdfgmp]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?ath(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?ath(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?ath-?th th 1 <[ANV].*> <&> # -> "at-" above
#^comh([^bcdfgmnpst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^comh([bcdfgpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^comh(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^comh(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
## cómhargadh, cómhalartach; but pre-standard "cómhoibriughadh" too
#^có(mh[aáoóuú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^cói(mh[eéií]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^có(n[aáoóuú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^cói(n[eéií]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^do-([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
## ^do([lnr]) BELOW
#^do([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^do(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^do(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^do-([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^droch([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^droch-(ch) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^droch([bdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^droch(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^droch(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^fíor([^bcdfgmprst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fíor-(r) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fíor([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fíor(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fíor(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^for([^bcdfgmprst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^for-(r) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^for([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^for(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^for(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fo-([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
## ^fo([lnr]) BELOW
#^fo([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fo(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fo(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fo-(..) $1 1 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^frith([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^fri(t[^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^frith([bcdfgmp]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^frith(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^frith(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?iar([^bcdfgmprst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?iar-(r) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?iar([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?iar(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?iar(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
## ilsiamsa, ilsiollach, etc. no special case
#^h?il([^bcfgmp-]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?il([bcfgmp]h.) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?im([^bcdfghmpst-]..) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?im([bcdfgmpt]h.) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?im(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?im(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh].) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
## ^in([^bcfgmp-]) BELOW
#^h?in-(n) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^h?in([bcfgmp]h..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^leas-(s) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^leas([aeiouáéíóúd]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^leas([bcfgm]h..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^mí-([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^mí([aeiouáéíóú]..) $1 2 <[ANV].*> <&> # míúsáid
#^mí([lnr]..) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^mí([bcdfgmpt]h.) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^mí(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^mí(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^neamh-?([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&> # neamh-aistear but neamhaithne
#^neamh([lnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^neamh([bcdfgpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^neamh-(mh) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^neamh(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^neamh(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^príomh([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <N.*> <&>
#^príomh([bcdfgpt]h) $1 0 <N.*> <&>
#^príomh-(mh) $1 0 <N.*> <&>
#^príomh(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <N.*> <&>
#^príomh(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <N.*> <&>
#^réamh([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^réamh([bcdfgpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^réamh-(mh) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^réamh(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^réamh(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^rí([lnr]..) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^rí([bcdfgmpt]h.) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^rí(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^rí(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^ró-([aeiouáéíóú]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^ró([aeouáéíóú]..) $1 2 <[AN].*> <&> # not "i" since several actual words in Dinneen start with rói-
#^ró([lnr]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^ró([bcdfgmpt]h.) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^ró(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^ró(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^sain([^bcdfgmpst-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^sain([bcdfgmpt]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^sain(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^sain(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^so-([aeiouáéíóú]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^so([lnr]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^so([bcdfgmpt]h.) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^so(sh[aeiouáéíóúlnr].) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^so(s[^aeiouáéíóúlnrh]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^tras([^bcfghmnps-]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&> # leave "^trasn" alone
#^tras([bcfgmp]h) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^tras-(s) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
## next batch are non-words so really need to be here, but VERY infrequent
#^(cil|gig|h?is|meig|micr|pic|teil)ea-?([^aeiouáéíóú-]+[aouáóú]) $2 0 <.+> <&>
#^(cil|gig|h?is|meig|micr|pic|teil)i-?([^aeiouáéíóú-]+[eiéí]) $2 0 <.+> <&>
#^(h?ant|fót|nan|par|pol|h?ultr)a-?([^aeiouáéíóú-]+[aouáóú]) $2 0 <.+> <&>
#^(h?ant|fót|nan|par|pol|h?ultr)ai-?([^aeiouáéíóú-]+[eiéí]) $2 0 <.+> <&>
#^(h?eachtar|freas|h?íos|neas|réalt|tob|h?uas|h?uath)-?([^-]) $2 0 <.+> <&>
## END PREFIX STRIPPING
#############################################################################
# Spelling standardizations, but ones where I'm less sure that they
# always apply, i.e. non-standard bits that are also commonly standard,
# e.g. -thaí$ which could be legit "torthaí" but also non-std "glórthaí"
# Because of this, safer to apply them after the prefix stripping, so
# e.g. "iarchoirpigh" comes out as MOIRF{choirpigh} instead of
# CAIGHDEAN{choirpeach}, and "fíorghanntanas" comes out as
# MOIRF{ghanntanas} instead of CAIGHDEAN{ghanntan}
chaí$ cha 1
thaí$ tha 1
(.[aá])igh$ $1ch 1
(.[^aá])i[dg]h$ $1each 1
(..)aidh$ $1a 1
# rule for [^eéií] is above with other non-std prefixes, last resort here
# for words like cóimhéigean -> comhéigean
^cóimh([eéií]) comh$1 1
# Next, some verb endings that I wanted to move *after* their
# past-tense friends since these are less likely analyses...
# CB p.145, Dinneen, PDF Christian Brothers 14.19; direct rel. present
# exact same endings in the past tense below; in that case, synthetic 1st sing
(..[^f])eas$ $1eann 1
(..[^aeiouáéíóúf])as$ $1ann 1
áileas$ álann 1
(...)íos$ $1íonn 1
ígheas$ íonn 1
#############################################################################
## start derivational morphology
#([ao])chai?s$ $1ch 0 <A pl="n" gnt="n".*> <&>
#acht$ ach 0 <A pl="n" gnt="n".*> <N pl="n" gnt="n" gnd="f">
#([ao])chtaí$ $1cht 1 <N pl="n" gnt="n".*> <&>
#íocht$ íoch 0 <A pl="n" gnt="n".*> <N pl="n" gnt="n" gnd="f">
#úlachta?$ úil 0 <A pl="n" gnt="n".*> <&> # CO p.120
#úchái?n$ ú 0 <N.*> <&>
## but actually non-standard if it's gs or pp; general uith -> aith below
#uithe$ ú 0 <N.*> <&>
#([eiéí][^aeiouáéíóú]+)íní?$ $1 0 <.+> <&> # diminutive
#([aouáóú][^aeiouáéíóú]+)íní?$ $1 2 <.+> <&> # diminutive
#([óo])igíní?$ $1g 0 <N.*> <&>
## end derivational morphology
#############################################################################
## start emphatic suffixes
#(.[aouáóú])(san?|na)$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#(.[eiéí])(sean|[sn]e)$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([aouáóú][^aeiouáéíóú-]*[^aeiouáéíóús-])san?$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([aouáóú][^aeiouáéíóú-]*[^aeiouáéíóún-])na$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([eiéí][^aeiouáéíóú-]*[^aeiouáéíóús-])se(an)?$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([eiéí][^aeiouáéíóú-]*[^aeiouáéíóún-])ne$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([aouáóú][^aeiouáéíóú-]*s)-san?$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([aouáóú][^aeiouáéíóú-]*n)-na$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([eiéí][^aeiouáéíóú-]*s)-se(an)?$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
#([eiéí][^aeiouáéíóú-]*n)-ne$ $1 0 <[NV].*> <&>
## end emphatic suffixes
#############################################################################
# common spelling errors
# iri$ irí 2 <N.*> <&>
uil$ úil 2
iúl$ iúil 2
(.[^aeiouáéíóú])ala$ $1ála 2
ula$ úla 2
eail$ eáil 2
([^ae])oir$ $1óir 2
([^ae])ora$ $1óra 2
eor$ eoir 2
itear$ ítear 2
iteá$ íteá 2
fea$ feá 2
#io ío 2 <.+> <&> # too general (fios, sioc, etc.)
aio aío 2
([^áéóú])ionn$ $1íonn 2
([^áéóú])ioch $1íoch 2
([^áéóú])io([bdm])h $1ío$2h 2
([^áéóú])io([dm])ar$ $1ío$2ar 2
([^e])oidh$ $1óidh 2
([^e])ofar$ $1ófar 2
([^eií])og$ $1óg 2
# next batch from ngramprobs.pl
u$ ú 2
#chtai$ chtaí 2 <N.*> <&>
#ai$ aí 2 <.+> <&>
(...)i$ $1í 2
iu iú 2
no nó 2
leir léir 2
^(n?dh?)eá- $1ea- 2
^(g?ch?)om([^haómnpr]..) $1omh$2 2
éá éa 2
([áéóú])í $1i 2
íó ío 2
^bf bhf 2
(..)fheadh$ $1feadh 2
(..)fhadh$ $1fadh 2
# places where the second vowel is the one with the fada are rarer - most of
# them are "aí", then "eá", "iú", "uí", then noise -- all but "iú" conflict
# with a resolution above; áí is, e.g., almost always a mistake for "ái" !
í([áú]) i$1 2
# i$ í 2 <.+> <&> # lotsa false compounds with this
#############################################################################
# rules with somewhat lower probability (e.g. fo-, must be after non-stnd
# verb endings to avoid "foluíonn" parsing as "fo+luíonn"
#^do([lnr]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
#^fo([lnr]..) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^h?in([^bcfgmp-]..) $1 0 <[AN].*> <&>
# these next ones work for proper names like "NGael"; otherwise
# they're caught by general "make everything lower" catch all that follows
^BP bP 1
^BHF bhF 1
^DT dT 1
^GC gC 1
^MB mB 1
^ND nD 1
^NG nG 1
^TS tS 1
# last resort for weird caps
([A-ZÁÉÍÓÚ]) \l$1 2
# the next rule handles a lot of stuff, including unwanted hyphens
# after prefixes (since the prefix rules will apply after recursing)
# and similarly unwanted hyphens before emphatic endings (CO p.126)
(.)- $1 1
###############################################################
## DEMUTATE
## Only helps when we recurse and find a standard unmutated prefix above!
## putting caps back Dec 08 for non-words like "tSíneach", "nIónach"
## which will only be found by stripping mutation and keeping cap
#^b([Pp][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^bh([Ff][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^d([Tt][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^g([Cc][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^m([Bb][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^n([DdGg][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^t([Ss][^h]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^([bcdfgmpBCDFGMP])h $1 0 <[ANVY].*> <&>
#^([Tt])h([^s]) $1$2 0 <[ANVY].*> <&> # luathscéal danger
#^([Ss])h([lnraeiouáéíóú]) $1$2 0 <[ANVY].*> <&>
#^[bdm]'([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚaeiouáéíóú]|[Ff]h) $1 0 <[ANVY].*> <&> # d'Éamonn too
#^[nt]-([aeiouáéíóú]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>
#^[nt]([AEIOUÁÉÍÓÚ]) $1 0 <[ANV].*> <&>