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<title>A Package in a league of its own: <code>Helm</code></title>
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<h2><a href="index.html">Back to Table of Contents</a></h2>
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<div id="content">
<h1 class="title">A Package in a league of its own: <code>Helm</code></h1>
<div id="table-of-contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<div id="text-table-of-contents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#sec-1">Usage:</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-2">Why is Helm powerful?</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-3">Operate on text at point:</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-4">Autoresize</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-5">Command: <code>helm-M-x</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-6">Command: <code>helm-show-kill-ring</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-7">Command: <code>helm-mini</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-8">Command: <code>helm-find-files</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-9">Command: <code>helm-ff-do-grep</code>, live grep in Helm</a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-10">Command: <code>helm-semantic-or-imenu</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-11">Command: <code>helm-man-woman</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-12">Command: <code>helm-find</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-13">Command: <code>helm-locate</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-14">Command: <code>helm-occur</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-15">Command: <code>helm-apropos</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-16">Command: <code>helm-info-*</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-17">Command: <code>helm-lisp-completion-at-point</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-18">Command: <code>helm-resume</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-19">Command: <code>helm-all-mark-rings</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-20">Command: <code>helm-regexp</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-21">Command: <code>helm-register</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-22">Command: <code>helm-top</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-23">Command: <code>helm-surfraw</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-24">Command: <code>helm-google-suggest</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-25">Command: <code>helm-color</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-26">Command: <code>helm-eval-expression-with-eldoc</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-27">Command: <code>helm-calcul-expression</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-28">Command: <code>helm-eshell-history</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-29">Command: <code>helm-comint-input-ring</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-30">Command: <code>helm-mini-buffer-history</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-31">Package: <code>helm-projectile</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-32">Package: <code>helm-descbinds</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#sec-33">Summary of Keybindings</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<span class="underline">Author</span>:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Tamas Patrovic (original author), from 2007. At this time, Helm was
named <code>Anything</code>.
</li>
<li>rubikitch <code>[email protected]</code>, from 2008-2011. Helm was still
named <code>Anything</code>
</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/thierryvolpiatto">Thierry Volpiatto</a> (current maintainer).
<code>[email protected]</code>, from 2011-present. <code>Anything</code> was
renamed to <code>Helm</code> during this period.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
<span class="underline">Homepage</span>: <a href="https://github.com/emacs-helm/helm">Github</a>
</p>
<p>
<span class="underline">Features</span>:
</p>
<p>
<code>Helm</code> is incremental completion and selection narrowing framework for
Emacs. It will help steer you in the right direction when you're
looking for stuff in Emacs (like buffers, files, etc).
</p>
<p>
Helm is a fork of <code>anything.el</code> originally written by Tamas Patrovic and
can be considered to be its successor. <code>Helm</code> sets out to clean up the
legacy code in <code>anything.el</code> and provide a cleaner, leaner and more
modular tool, that's not tied in the trap of backward compatibility.
</p>
<p>
<span class="underline">Installation</span>:
</p>
<p>
You can use <a href="https://github.com/bbatsov/prelude">Emacs Prelude</a> that is already setup properly according to
this guide to try out Helm and skip the rest of the installation. But
note that by default, <a href="https://github.com/bbatsov/prelude">Emacs Prelude</a> does not enable Helm. Please
follow <a href="https://github.com/bbatsov/prelude#helm">the instructions</a> to enable Helm.
</p>
<p>
If you have your own Emacs configuration, <code>M-x list-packages</code> and
select <b>helm</b> package, then install it. After finish installing, add
this code snippet to activate the package:
</p>
<p>
Minimal config:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">require</span> '<span style="color: #008b8b;">helm-config</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #4f5c7e;">helm-mode</span> <span style="color: #008b8b;">1</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
Extended config:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">require</span> '<span style="color: #008b8b;">helm</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">require</span> '<span style="color: #008b8b;">helm-config</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #b22222;">;; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">The default "C-x c" is quite close to "C-x C-c", which quits Emacs.</span>
<span style="color: #b22222;">;; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">Changed to "C-c h". Note: We must set "C-c h" globally, because we</span>
<span style="color: #b22222;">;; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">cannot change `</span><span style="color: #008b8b;">helm-command-prefix-key</span><span style="color: #b22222;">' once `</span><span style="color: #008b8b;">helm-config</span><span style="color: #b22222;">' is loaded.</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #374478;">global-set-key</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-c h"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #3f7178;">helm-command-prefix</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #43783f;">global-unset-key</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-x c"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"<tab>"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #374478;">helm-execute-persistent-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">rebind tab to run persistent action</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-i"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #374478;">helm-execute-persistent-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">make TAB works in terminal</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-z"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #783f5a;">helm-select-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">list actions using C-z</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">when</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #4f5c7e;">executable-find</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"curl"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #784437;">setq</span> <span style="color: #783778;">helm-google-suggest-use-curl-p</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #784437;">setq</span> <span style="color: #37785e;">helm-split-window-in-side-p</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">open helm buffer inside current window, not occupy whole other window</span>
<span style="color: #783778;">helm-move-to-line-cycle-in-source</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">move to end or beginning of source when reaching top or bottom of source.</span>
<span style="color: #3f7178;">helm-ff-search-library-in-sexp</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">search for library in `</span><span style="color: #008b8b;">require</span><span style="color: #b22222;">' and `</span><span style="color: #008b8b;">declare-function</span><span style="color: #b22222;">' sexp.</span>
<span style="color: #707e4f;">helm-scroll-amount</span> <span style="color: #008b8b;">8</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">scroll 8 lines other window using M-<next>/M-<prior></span>
<span style="color: #4f7e67;">helm-ff-file-name-history-use-recentf</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #4f5c7e;">helm-mode</span> <span style="color: #008b8b;">1</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-1"><a id="ID-07fe976f-bf1e-4c16-afb3-b108059921b1" name="ID-07fe976f-bf1e-4c16-afb3-b108059921b1"></a>Usage:</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
<p>
After using Helm, you are going to have a big change in the way you
use Emacs. After getting used to the Helm way, you don't want to leave
it. However, if you don't like Helm, you can still use Ido, which is
introduted in later section. Let's learn how to use helm by play with
it.
</p>
<p>
Completion with Helm is very different with the usual Emacs
completion:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>You type something.
</li>
<li>Instead of <b>TAB</b> to expand the common part until you find your
candidates, in Helm, you type a parts of the candidate you want to
search, separated by spaces. In Helm, these strings are called
<b>patterns</b>. Patterns can also be regexps.
</li>
<li>Helm will try to search and sort according to highest match, from
top to bottom. The best match is at the top, so you can press <b>RET</b>
and select it.
</li>
<li>You can navigate the buffer with <b>C-n</b> and <b>C-p</b> or <b><up></b> and
<b><down></b> to move up/down, <b>C-v</b> and <b>M-v</b> to move to next/previous
pages, and <b>M-<</b> and <b>M-></b> to move to top and bottom of the Helm
buffer.
</li>
<li>You can mark candidates with <b>C-SPC</b>; this is useful when you need
to perform an action on many candidates of your choice. <b>M-a</b> to
select all.
</li>
<li>You can insert marked candidates into current buffer with <b>C-c
C-i</b>. This is useful when you narrow to a list of candidates,
i.e. files, then you want to save such candidates.
</li>
<li>If you find the current horizontal Helm window is small, you can
always switch it to vertical window with <b>C-t</b>. Running <b>C-t</b> again
returns the Helm window back to horizontal and so on.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
You can practice the above commands with <b>C-x b</b>, whicn runs
<code>helm-mini</code>. If you mark more than one buffers, <b>RET</b> opens the
selected buffers.
</p>
<p>
<b><span class="underline">IMPORTANT</span></b>: <i>Please remember that, when you use Helm, you never <b>TAB</b></i>
<i>to complete prefixes like vanilla or other packages like Ido and its</i>
<i>related packages. In Helm, when you type something, candidates get</i>
<i>updated <b>automatically</b>. In vanilla Emacs, you have to <b>TAB</b> to get a/</i>
<i>list of candidate. This is a great feature from Helm, not a miss of</i>
<i>feature. You have to forget the mentally of <b>TABBING</b> to get</i>
<i>candidates. If you want quick completion of search patterns in Helm</i>
<i>prompt, you always have <code>hippie-expand</code> to replace the <b>TAB</b></i>
<i>behaviour, as introduced at the beginning of this section. This is</i>
<i>the biggest confusion for new people switching to Helm. When you are</i>
<i>used to Helm, you will love it.</i>
</p>
<p>
When you execute a Helm command, you enter a Helm session. A Helm
session is a dedicated state to working with Helm features; while in a
Helm session, a dedicated Helm buffer is always opened. When you quit
a Helm session, a Helm buffer is closed. In Helm, you basically need
to remember the 3 commands:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Access to action menu with <b>TAB</b>. An action is a command to run on
marked candidates (one or more) and quit current Helm session; an
action menu is a text-based menu that lists actions you can
take. For example, <code>Find File</code> (open file), <code>Find File in Dired</code>,
<code>Grep File</code>…
</li>
<li><b>C-z</b> executes <b>helm-execute-persistent-action</b>; a persistent action
is an action that you use in a Helm session without quitting the
session.
</li>
<li>In some Helm session, such as <code>helm-find-files</code> or <code>helm-mini</code>, you
can select more than one candidates and execute actions on them,
such as <code>grep</code> or <code>open</code>.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
However, for convenience, let's <b>TAB</b> with <b>C-z</b> in the above
settings, so we can use <b>TAB</b> more comfortably, because you actually
use <b>helm-execute-persistent-action</b> more than
<b>helm-select-action</b> by adding the code snippet below:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"<tab>"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #374478;">helm-execute-persistent-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">rebind tab to do persistent action</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-i"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #374478;">helm-execute-persistent-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">make TAB works in terminal</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #37785e;">define-key</span> <span style="color: #43783f;">helm-map</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-z"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #783f5a;">helm-select-action</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">list actions using C-z</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
In a Helm session, if you need help, use <b>C-c ?</b>, or refer to this
manual again. The commands in the key bindings above are good enough
to help you using Helm productively.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-2"><a id="ID-260dfe60-eb43-4d20-b1c4-b51af5133a32" name="ID-260dfe60-eb43-4d20-b1c4-b51af5133a32"></a>Why is Helm powerful?</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><i><span class="underline">Simple and Consistent interface</span></i>: Every Helm session starts with
a same simple interface: a prompt for entering search patterns and
a Helm buffer for displying results as a user types. Because of the
consistency and simple interface, new people use Helm with ease.
</li>
<li><i><span class="underline">Interactivity</span></i>: By nature, Helm is very interactive: as a user
types, results get updated immediately in the Helm buffer. Because
of this feature, Helm provides a unique interactive verion of many
commmands that do not exist outside of Helm. For example,
<code>helm-ff-run-grep</code>, update grep results as you type.
</li>
<li><i><span class="underline">Focus on finding what you want first, decide to do with it
later</span></i>: With Helm, you don't have to think about what you are going
to do with a candidate once you found it. For example, you need
decide whether you should open a file in the current window or in
other window <b>before</b> opening a file, then find the file and open
it. In contrast, Helm helps you focus on what you want to find; once
you found your desired object (such as a file or directory), then
decide what to do with it <b>later</b>, like open the file in other
window or open the file as root. This has an advantage that you
don't have to cancel your executing key binding when you decide that
the action you are taking is not appropriate anymore. For example,
you are executed <b>C-x C-f</b> to open a file, but have a second thought
that open the file in another window is better. Than you press <b>C-g</b>
to cancel the command and re-execute the <b>C-x 4 C-f</b> version and
have to start your navigating session all over again!
</li>
<li><i><span class="underline">Matching mechanism</span></i>: This is a powerful feature in Helm that I
haven't seen in other packages: out of order matching, <b>with regular
expression</b>. That's right, you can enter every search pattern as
regexp!. A really powerful concept: it enhances explanatory power
for many things. One of use cases is exploring a new project: using
Helm, you can "learn" the project structure interactively. For
example, suppose I'm completely new to the linux kernel source tree,
and I wonder whether a file <code>main.c</code> exists for <code>x86</code>
architecture. I know that they must have <code>x86</code> directory somewhere,
and the file could contain <code>main.c</code> in it, i.e. It can be <code>main.c</code>
or <code>x86-main.c</code>. These are the only information I know, so I must
confirm whether it is true or not, so I tried it in Helm Projectile
(a package that makes use of Helm framework and it does not come with
stock Helm. You can read more about it <a href="http://tuhdo.github.io/helm-projectile.html">in my Helm Projectile guide</a>):
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/helm_projectile.gif"><img src="static/helm_projectile.gif" alt="helm_projectile.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
First, I enter <code>main.c</code>, and I got lots of candidates. Then, I only
want the <code>main.c</code> inside x86 directory, so I type <code>x86</code>. The whole
pattern is <code>main.c x86</code> and Helm returns the correct candidate:
<code>arch/x86/boot/main.c</code>.
</p>
<p>
It does exist. I also wonder where <code>i5100_edac.c</code> exists, because
Intel has a datasheet for it a long time, so it must be
implemented. As demonstrated in the above screencast, there was only
one <code>i5100_eda.c</code>. Using other so-called "fuzzy-matching" mechanism,
you are still required to know things in advanced and this severely
limit the explanatory power. For example, to get to the file
<code>driver/edac/i5100_edac.c</code>, you have to know the path to fuzzy
match like this: <code>dedi51</code>; <b>d</b> for matching <code>driver</code>, <b>ed</b> for matching
<code>edac</code> because other directories also start with "e"; <b>i51</b> for
matching <code>i5100_edac.c</code> because serveral files also start with "i5",
or contains "1" and "0" or "edac" in it. "i51" is the only unique
prefix. Using Helm, you can immediately enter the unique pattern of
a candidate and ignore the common prefix to get a candidate. For
example, in the screencast above, I got <code>driver/edac/i5100_edac.c</code>
immediately just by typing "<b>i51</b>" and the file was narrowed down.
</p>
<p>
It's also not all that useful when using with a large source tree,
since the source tree contains a large amount of files, and many of
these files have same prefix.
</p>
<p>
Starting from Helm 1.6.5, Helm includes fuzzy matching for many
commands and a way for package writer to activate fuzzy matching.
</p>
</li>
<li><i>Performance</i>: Helm can work with over 30000 candidates or more no
problem.
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-3"><a id="ID-8de25a41-da8b-42b5-b152-e62ef75d2bfd" name="ID-8de25a41-da8b-42b5-b152-e62ef75d2bfd"></a>Operate on text at point:</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
<p>
If you are already in a Helm session, you can still get input from the
current editing buffer by the following key bindings:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><b>C-w</b> yanks word at point, starting from point to the end of the
word, into the Helm prompt (the minibuffer).
</li>
<li><b>M-n</b> yanks symbol at point
</li>
</ul>
<p>
If <code>helm-mode</code> is activated, help commands also automatically
recognize symbols at point if such symbols exist in Emacs, and use
Helm interface for interactive selecting. For example:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><b>C-h f</b>, which runs <code>describe-function</code>, automatically takes the
symbol at point as default for searching function.
</li>
<li><b>C-h v</b>, which runs <code>describe-variable</code>, automatically takes the
symbol at point as default for searching variable.
</li>
<li><b>C-h w</b>, which runs <code>where-is</code>, automatically takes the
symbol at point as default for showing key binding for a command.
</li>
<li>… and so on… (<b>C-h C-h</b> to view all commands)
</li>
</ul>
<p>
All of those commands automatically make use Helm.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-4">Autoresize</h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
<p>
Helm can resize its buffer automatically to fit with the number of
candidates by enabling <code>helm-autoresize-mode</code>:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #4f7e67;">helm-autoresize-mode</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
You can customize the minimum and maximum height that Helm can resize
with these two variable:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><code>helm-autoresize-max-height</code>
</li>
<li><code>helm-autoresize-min-height</code>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
By default, <code>helm-autoresize-max-height</code> is set to 40, which Helm
candidate buffer has the maximum height of 40% of current frame
height. Similarly, <code>helm-autoresize-min-height</code> specifies the minimum
height that Helm candidate buffer cannot be smaller.
</p>
<p>
If you don't want the Helm window to be resized, but a smaller Helm
window, you can set <code>helm-autoresize-max-height</code> equal to
<code>helm-autoresize-min-height</code>.
</p>
<p>
If you use <a href="https://github.com/roman/golden-ratio.el">golden-ratio</a>, you have to disable its interference with
Helm window:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">defun</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">pl/helm-alive-p</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">()</span>
<span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">if</span> <span style="color: #909183;">(</span><span style="color: #5e7837;">boundp</span> '<span style="color: #783f5a;">helm-alive-p</span><span style="color: #909183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #909183;">(</span><span style="color: #5e7837;">symbol-value</span> '<span style="color: #783f5a;">helm-alive-p</span><span style="color: #909183;">)</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
<span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #7a4f7e;">add-to-list</span> '<span style="color: #5e7837;">golden-ratio-inhibit-functions</span> '<span style="color: #707e4f;">pl/helm-alive-p</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
DEMO 1, when <code>helm-autoresize-max-height</code> is not equal to
<code>helm-autoresize-min-height</code> (begins when <code>START DEMO</code> appears in
minibuffer):
</p>
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/part3/helm-autoresize-mode.gif"><img src="static/part3/helm-autoresize-mode.gif" alt="helm-autoresize-mode.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
DEMO 2, when <code>helm-autoresize-max-height</code> is equal to
<code>helm-autoresize-min-height</code> (begins when <code>START DEMO</code> appears in
minibuffer):
</p>
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/part3/helm-autoresize-fix.gif"><img src="static/part3/helm-autoresize-fix.gif" alt="helm-autoresize-fix.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-5"><a id="ID-500a1c68-ab43-40a5-97c3-5d556a9f748d" name="ID-500a1c68-ab43-40a5-97c3-5d556a9f748d"></a>Command: <code>helm-M-x</code></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
<p>
<span class="underline">Key binding</span>:
</p>
<p>
No key binding. We should give it one:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #374478;">global-set-key</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"M-x"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #7a4f7e;">helm-M-x</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
<span class="underline">Description</span>:
</p>
<p>
<code>M-x</code> and see the difference. You will see a buffer that lists
commands in Emacs. Some of you may not like it because it seems
overkill at first. However, even if you really don't like, please bear
with me until the end.
</p>
<p>
Now, type <code>li pa</code>; that's right <code>li</code> , a space and <code>pa</code>. You will see,
<code>list-packages</code> is at the top. Surprise! Let's try another input. Now,
type <code>pa ^li</code>, and you will receive <code>list-package</code> as the first
entry.
</p>
<p>
<code>helm-M-x</code> is also better then the default <code>M-x</code>, because it provides
key bindings right next to the commands, and <b>TAB</b> provides you the
built-in documentation of that command in another buffer.
</p>
<p>
Starting from 1.6.5, <code>helm-M-x</code> can fuzzy match candidates, but not
enabled by default. To enable fuzzy matching, add the following
setting:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #784437;">setq</span> <span style="color: #374478;">helm-M-x-fuzzy-match</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span> <span style="color: #b22222;">;; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">optional fuzzy matching for helm-M-x</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
<b>NOTE</b>: You have to bind <code>helm-M-x</code> to <b>M-x</b> manually. Otherwise, you
still get Helm completion, but using the vanilla <b>M-x</b> that does not
provides the above features like showing key bindings and <b>TAB</b> to
open built-in documentation. Another important thing is, you have to
pass prefix argument <b>AFTER</b> you run <code>helm-M-x</code>, because your prefix
argument will be displayed in the modeline when in <code>helm-M-x</code>
buffer. Passing prefix argument <b>BEFORE</b> <code>helm-M-x</code> <b>has no effect</b>.
</p>
<p>
<span class="underline">Demo</span>:
</p>
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/part3/helm-m-x.gif"><img src="static/part3/helm-m-x.gif" alt="helm-m-x.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-6"><a id="ID-77b4d145-c280-4ed4-98a7-d645fe1d18bf" name="ID-77b4d145-c280-4ed4-98a7-d645fe1d18bf"></a>Command: <code>helm-show-kill-ring</code></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
<p>
<span class="underline">Key binding</span>:
</p>
<p>
No key binding. We should give it one:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #374478;">global-set-key</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"M-y"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #4f5c7e;">helm-show-kill-ring</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
<span class="underline">Description</span>:
</p>
<p>
Do you remember that <code>C-y</code> <a href="http://tuhdo.github.io/emacs-tutor.html#sec-7-15">cycle the kill ring</a>? However, working with
default kill ring is painful because you have a burden to remember an
invisible thing, that is the kill ring, at which position you kill
what. To view the kill ring, you have to <b>C-h v</b> and type <code>kill-ring</code>
to see content of the kill ring, and it is not pretty.
</p>
<p>
<code>helm-show-kill-ring</code> solves this problem: Helm shows the kill ring in
a readable format and allows you to narrow down by entering
sub-strings of candidates. You are freed from the cognitive burden of
the default <b>M-y</b>.
</p>
<p>
If you follow my Helm configuration, <code>M-y</code> binds to
<code>helm-show-kill-ring</code>. Try it and see! Much easier than the default.
</p>
<p>
<span class="underline">Demo</span>:
</p>
<p>
<code>helm-kill-ring</code> in action (the demo starts when you see START in the
minibuffer):
</p>
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/part3/helm-kill-ring.gif"><img src="static/part3/helm-kill-ring.gif" alt="helm-kill-ring.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-7" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-7"><a id="ID-0386c827-7f5d-4056-bf4d-8d0fc01fc1ab" name="ID-0386c827-7f5d-4056-bf4d-8d0fc01fc1ab"></a>Command: <code>helm-mini</code></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
<p>
<span class="underline">Key binding</span>:
</p>
<p>
No key binding. We should give it one:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #374478;">global-set-key</span> <span style="color: #7388d6;">(</span><span style="color: #783f5a;">kbd</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"C-x b"</span><span style="color: #7388d6;">)</span> '<span style="color: #5e7837;">helm-mini</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
To enable fuzzy matching, add the following settings:
</p>
<div class="org-src-container">
<pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #784437;">setq</span> <span style="color: #783f5a;">helm-buffers-fuzzy-matching</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span>
<span style="color: #5e7837;">helm-recentf-fuzzy-match</span> <span style="color: #4f5c7e;">t</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>
</pre>
</div>
<p>
<code>helm-mini</code> comprises of multiple sources:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Current opening buffers, under the header <code>Buffers</code>.
</li>
<li>Recently opened files, under the header <code>Recentf</code>.
</li>
<li>Allow you to create a new buffer by pressing <b>RET</b>, under the header
<code>Create Buffer</code>.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
You can move back and forth between the groups by using <b><left></b> and
<b><right></b> arrow keys. Or you can just scroll down/up with <b>C-v</b> and
<b>M-v</b>.
</p>
<p>
You can filter out buffers by major mode using the pattern
<code>*<major-mode></code>. For example, <code>*dired</code> narrows to only Dired
buffers. You can also filter out buffers that belong to a major mode
by adding <code>!</code> to the pattern. For example, <code>*!dired</code> select all buffers
that are not in Dired mode.
</p>
<p>
You can also select buffers in a specific directory by using the pattern
<code>/directory</code>. For example, <code>/.emacs.d/</code> narrows to buffers that are
only inside <code>.emacs.d</code>. Add <code>!</code> before the pattern for reverse
version. For example, <code>!/.emacs.d/</code> narrows to buffers not in
<code>.emacs.d</code>.
</p>
<p>
You can even use <code>helm-mini</code> to narrow to buffers that contains a
regexp in their contents, by appending <code>@</code> before the search
pattern. For example, you can select buffers that only contain the
string "test": <code>@test</code>. If you want to see the locations of the string
in the buffers, mark all the buffer with <b>M-a</b> and <b>C-s</b> while in
<code>helm-mini</code> session, to switch to <code>helm-moccur</code>. You can mark buffers
to search by <b>C-SPC</b>. When you switch to <code>helm-moccur</code>, matches that
are in selected buffers are displayed. You can also perform <code>occur</code>
only on the current buffer with prefix argument: <b>C-u C-s</b>; this is
useful when you already marked buffers but don't want to unmark just
to view only in a buffer. However, in general, you won't need <b>C-u
C-s</b>.
</p>
<p>
Meaning of colors and prefixes for buffers:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Remote buffers are prefixed with '@'.
</li>
<li>Red => Buffer have its file modified on disk by an external
process.
</li>
<li>Indianred2 => Buffer exists but its file have been deleted.
</li>
<li>Orange => Buffer is modified and its file not saved to disk.
</li>
<li>Italic => A non-file buffer.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Some Emacs themes change the colors. You should check the
corresponding colour in your color themes.
</p>
<p>
Example:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>If I enter in pattern prompt: <code>*lisp ^helm @moc</code>, Helm will narrow
down the list by selecting only buffers that are in lisp mode, start
by helm and match "moc" in their contents.
</li>
<li>If I want to specify more than one major-mode, separate them with
<code>,</code>, e.g <code>*!lisp,!sh,!fun</code> will list all buffers but the ones in
lisp-mode, sh-mode and fundamental-mode.
</li>
<li>If I enter in pattern prompt: <code>*lisp ^helm moc</code>. Notice there is no
<code>@</code> this time helm will look for lisp mode buffers starting by
"helm" and have "moc" in their name.
</li>
<li>If I enter in pattern prompt: <code>*!lisp !helm</code> Helm will narrow down
to buffers that are not in "lisp" mode and that do not match "helm".
</li>
<li>If I enter in pattern prompt: <code>/helm/ w3</code> Helm will narrow down
buffers that are in any "helm" sub-directory and matching w3.
<p>
<code>helm-mini</code> is like an interactive version of <code>ibuffer</code>.
</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
<span class="underline">Demo</span>:
</p>
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/part3/helm-mini.gif"><img src="static/part3/helm-mini.gif" alt="helm-mini.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The demo starts when you see Eval: START in the minibuffer. Note that
the demo used <code>helm-buffers-list</code>, but it's almost the same as
<code>helm-mini</code>. The only difference is that <code>helm-buffers-list</code> uses
<code>ido-virtual-buffers</code> for listing recently used files, while
<code>helm-mini</code> uses <code>recentf</code>.
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>All the C buffers are selected using the pattern <code>*C</code>. In the demo,
I also select Tcl buffers with *Tcl and then switched back to C
buffers with <code>*C</code>.
</li>
<li>I only want to have buffers that contains only the string
<code>crash</code>. To do that, I add a space, then add the pattern
<code>@crash</code>. After the initial search pattern, I hand over the current
highlighting buffer to <code>helm-moccur</code> (<code>moccur</code> with Helm interface)
using <b>C-s</b>. Candidates can be filtered gradually by adding more
pattern, i.e. I added memory to filtered down to buffers that
contain the string "memory" among the buffers that are containing
<code>crash</code>. You can also mark multiple with <b>C-SPC</b> or mark all buffers
with <b>M-a</b> to search all listing buffers in <code>helm-mini</code>.
</li>
<li>As you can see, as you filtered out, the number of candidates
decreases, as displayed in the modeline. At the end, there were 12
buffers remained as the result of filtering, down from the total 253
buffers.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
The demo above is part of <a href="https://github.com/emacs-helm/helm#advanced-usage">Helm's homepage</a> now.
</p>
<p>
<span class="underline">Similar Commands</span>:
</p>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><code>helm-multi-files</code>: this command lists buffers and recent files and
files in current directory. However, when no match is found,
<code>helm-mini</code> asks if you want to create a new buffer by highlighting
the only entry that look like this:
<div class="figure">
<p><a href="static/helm-new-file-buffer.gif"><img src="static/helm-new-file-buffer.gif" alt="helm-new-file-buffer.gif" /></a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
while <code>helm-multi-files</code> shows a blank buffer. However, you can
start a <code>helm-locate</code> session to search the whole file system for
the desired file by pressing <b>C-c p</b>. By default, <code>helm-for-files</code>
binds to <code><prefix> f</code> (current prefix is <b>C-c h</b>).
</p>
</li>
<li><code>helm-buffer-list</code>: similar to <code>helm-mini</code>, but instead of listing
recent files from <code>recentf</code>, it uses <code>ido-virtual-buffers</code>, which is
a list of recently visited files managed by <code>ido</code>. The virtual
buffers do not contain path in it. Depends on preference, you can
use this command in place of <code>helm-mini</code>. To enable fuzzy matching
<code>ido-virtual-buffers</code>, if you set <code>helm-buffers-fuzzy-matching</code> to
<code>t</code> already, you also get fuzzy matching for <code>ido-virtual-buffers</code>.
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="outline-container-sec-8" class="outline-2">
<h2 id="sec-8"><a id="ID-b71abd6c-cb29-4b64-a55f-29bd75937c11" name="ID-b71abd6c-cb29-4b64-a55f-29bd75937c11"></a>Command: <code>helm-find-files</code></h2>
<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-8">
<p>
<span class="underline">Key binding</span>:
</p>