diff --git a/src/cmd/src/metasrv.rs b/src/cmd/src/metasrv.rs
index 2389770f5231..757bb273416e 100644
--- a/src/cmd/src/metasrv.rs
+++ b/src/cmd/src/metasrv.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ impl Instance {
             _guard: guard,
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn mut_inner(&mut self) -> &mut MetasrvInstance {
+        &mut self.instance
+    }
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
diff --git a/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs b/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs
index d4a0d823c90f..8e1185e38936 100644
--- a/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs
+++ b/src/cmd/src/standalone.rs
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ impl StartCommand {
     }
 }
 
-struct StandaloneInformationExtension {
+pub struct StandaloneInformationExtension {
     region_server: RegionServer,
     procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
     start_time_ms: u64,
diff --git a/src/common/meta/src/leadership_notifier.rs b/src/common/meta/src/leadership_notifier.rs
index 4ba65d1adc54..0fed50d3880d 100644
--- a/src/common/meta/src/leadership_notifier.rs
+++ b/src/common/meta/src/leadership_notifier.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
-use common_telemetry::error;
+use common_telemetry::{error, info};
 
 use crate::error::Result;
 
@@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ pub struct LeadershipChangeNotifier {
     listeners: Vec<Arc<dyn LeadershipChangeListener>>,
 }
 
+impl LeadershipChangeNotifierCustomizer for LeadershipChangeNotifier {
+    fn customize(&self, notifier: &mut LeadershipChangeNotifier) {
+        info!("Customizing leadership change notifier");
+        notifier.listeners.extend(self.listeners.clone());
+    }
+}
+
 impl LeadershipChangeNotifier {
     /// Adds a listener to the notifier.
     pub fn add_listener(&mut self, listener: Arc<dyn LeadershipChangeListener>) {
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/bootstrap.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/bootstrap.rs
index d10b22c610a8..79773498cfc8 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/bootstrap.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/bootstrap.rs
@@ -148,6 +148,10 @@ impl MetasrvInstance {
     pub fn plugins(&self) -> Plugins {
         self.plugins.clone()
     }
+
+    pub fn mut_inner(&mut self) -> &mut Metasrv {
+        &mut self.metasrv
+    }
 }
 
 pub async fn bootstrap_metasrv_with_router(
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/handler.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/handler.rs
index b45a1ac7e3ad..ce75ff5ff181 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/handler.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/handler.rs
@@ -209,15 +209,16 @@ impl Pushers {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 struct NameCachedHandler {
     name: &'static str,
-    handler: Box<dyn HeartbeatHandler>,
+    handler: Arc<dyn HeartbeatHandler>,
 }
 
 impl NameCachedHandler {
     fn new(handler: impl HeartbeatHandler + 'static) -> Self {
         let name = handler.name();
-        let handler = Box::new(handler);
+        let handler = Arc::new(handler);
         Self { name, handler }
     }
 }
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ impl NameCachedHandler {
 pub type HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef = Arc<HeartbeatHandlerGroup>;
 
 /// The group of heartbeat handlers.
-#[derive(Default)]
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
 pub struct HeartbeatHandlerGroup {
     handlers: Vec<NameCachedHandler>,
     pushers: Pushers,
@@ -442,6 +443,7 @@ impl Mailbox for HeartbeatMailbox {
 }
 
 /// The builder to build the group of heartbeat handlers.
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder {
     /// The handler to handle region failure.
     region_failure_handler: Option<RegionFailureHandler>,
@@ -540,7 +542,7 @@ impl HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder {
         }
 
         Ok(HeartbeatHandlerGroup {
-            handlers: self.handlers.into_iter().collect(),
+            handlers: self.handlers,
             pushers: self.pushers,
         })
     }
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/handler/failure_handler.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/handler/failure_handler.rs
index 02f423c4b418..8908881d1714 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/handler/failure_handler.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/handler/failure_handler.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use crate::handler::{HandleControl, HeartbeatAccumulator, HeartbeatHandler};
 use crate::metasrv::Context;
 use crate::region::supervisor::{DatanodeHeartbeat, HeartbeatAcceptor, RegionSupervisor};
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct RegionFailureHandler {
     heartbeat_acceptor: HeartbeatAcceptor,
 }
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/handler/region_lease_handler.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/handler/region_lease_handler.rs
index de491da37150..40a554e453e9 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/handler/region_lease_handler.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/handler/region_lease_handler.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ use crate::metasrv::Context;
 use crate::region::lease_keeper::{RegionLeaseKeeperRef, RenewRegionLeasesResponse};
 use crate::region::RegionLeaseKeeper;
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct RegionLeaseHandler {
     region_lease_seconds: u64,
     region_lease_keeper: RegionLeaseKeeperRef,
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs
index c43eec60d456..71d15be2a081 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv.rs
@@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ use common_wal::config::MetasrvWalConfig;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use servers::export_metrics::ExportMetricsOption;
 use servers::http::HttpOptions;
-use snafu::ResultExt;
+use snafu::{OptionExt, ResultExt};
 use table::metadata::TableId;
 use tokio::sync::broadcast::error::RecvError;
 
 use crate::cluster::MetaPeerClientRef;
 use crate::election::{Election, LeaderChangeMessage};
 use crate::error::{
-    InitMetadataSnafu, KvBackendSnafu, Result, StartProcedureManagerSnafu, StartTelemetryTaskSnafu,
-    StopProcedureManagerSnafu,
+    self, InitMetadataSnafu, KvBackendSnafu, Result, StartProcedureManagerSnafu,
+    StartTelemetryTaskSnafu, StopProcedureManagerSnafu,
 };
 use crate::failure_detector::PhiAccrualFailureDetectorOptions;
-use crate::handler::HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef;
+use crate::handler::{HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder, HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef};
 use crate::lease::lookup_datanode_peer;
 use crate::procedure::region_migration::manager::RegionMigrationManagerRef;
 use crate::procedure::ProcedureManagerListenerAdapter;
@@ -353,7 +353,8 @@ pub struct Metasrv {
     selector: SelectorRef,
     // The flow selector is used to select a target flownode.
     flow_selector: SelectorRef,
-    handler_group: HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef,
+    handler_group: Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef>,
+    handler_group_builder: Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder>,
     election: Option<ElectionRef>,
     procedure_manager: ProcedureManagerRef,
     mailbox: MailboxRef,
@@ -370,7 +371,15 @@ pub struct Metasrv {
 }
 
 impl Metasrv {
-    pub async fn try_start(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub async fn try_start(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let builder = self
+            .handler_group_builder
+            .take()
+            .context(error::UnexpectedSnafu {
+                violated: "expected heartbeat handler group builder",
+            })?;
+        self.handler_group = Some(Arc::new(builder.build()?));
+
         if self
             .started
             .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::Relaxed, Ordering::Relaxed)
@@ -558,10 +567,14 @@ impl Metasrv {
         &self.flow_selector
     }
 
-    pub fn handler_group(&self) -> &HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef {
+    pub fn handler_group(&self) -> &Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroupRef> {
         &self.handler_group
     }
 
+    pub fn handler_group_builder(&mut self) -> &mut Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder> {
+        &mut self.handler_group_builder
+    }
+
     pub fn election(&self) -> Option<&ElectionRef> {
         self.election.as_ref()
     }
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs
index db01b3ec9ddf..32129b853829 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/metasrv/builder.rs
@@ -48,9 +48,7 @@ use crate::flow_meta_alloc::FlowPeerAllocator;
 use crate::greptimedb_telemetry::get_greptimedb_telemetry_task;
 use crate::handler::failure_handler::RegionFailureHandler;
 use crate::handler::region_lease_handler::RegionLeaseHandler;
-use crate::handler::{
-    HeartbeatHandlerGroup, HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder, HeartbeatMailbox, Pushers,
-};
+use crate::handler::{HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder, HeartbeatMailbox, Pushers};
 use crate::lease::MetaPeerLookupService;
 use crate::metasrv::{
     ElectionRef, Metasrv, MetasrvInfo, MetasrvOptions, SelectorContext, SelectorRef, TABLE_ID_SEQ,
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@ pub struct MetasrvBuilder {
     kv_backend: Option<KvBackendRef>,
     in_memory: Option<ResettableKvBackendRef>,
     selector: Option<SelectorRef>,
-    handler_group: Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroup>,
+    handler_group_builder: Option<HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder>,
     election: Option<ElectionRef>,
     meta_peer_client: Option<MetaPeerClientRef>,
     node_manager: Option<NodeManagerRef>,
@@ -88,7 +86,7 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
             kv_backend: None,
             in_memory: None,
             selector: None,
-            handler_group: None,
+            handler_group_builder: None,
             meta_peer_client: None,
             election: None,
             options: None,
@@ -118,8 +116,11 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn heartbeat_handler(mut self, handler_group: HeartbeatHandlerGroup) -> Self {
-        self.handler_group = Some(handler_group);
+    pub fn heartbeat_handler(
+        mut self,
+        handler_group_builder: HeartbeatHandlerGroupBuilder,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.handler_group_builder = Some(handler_group_builder);
         self
     }
 
@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
             kv_backend,
             in_memory,
             selector,
-            handler_group,
+            handler_group_builder,
             node_manager,
             plugins,
             table_metadata_allocator,
@@ -338,8 +339,8 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
             .context(error::InitDdlManagerSnafu)?,
         );
 
-        let handler_group = match handler_group {
-            Some(handler_group) => handler_group,
+        let handler_group_builder = match handler_group_builder {
+            Some(handler_group_builder) => handler_group_builder,
             None => {
                 let region_lease_handler = RegionLeaseHandler::new(
                     distributed_time_constants::REGION_LEASE_SECS,
@@ -352,7 +353,6 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
                     .with_region_failure_handler(region_failover_handler)
                     .with_region_lease_handler(Some(region_lease_handler))
                     .add_default_handlers()
-                    .build()?
             }
         };
 
@@ -371,7 +371,8 @@ impl MetasrvBuilder {
             selector,
             // TODO(jeremy): We do not allow configuring the flow selector.
             flow_selector: Arc::new(RoundRobinSelector::new(SelectTarget::Flownode)),
-            handler_group: Arc::new(handler_group),
+            handler_group: None,
+            handler_group_builder: Some(handler_group_builder),
             election,
             procedure_manager,
             mailbox,
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/mocks.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/mocks.rs
index 014d524927d0..4a88701e1a77 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/mocks.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/mocks.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub async fn mock(
         None => builder,
     };
 
-    let metasrv = builder.build().await.unwrap();
+    let mut metasrv = builder.build().await.unwrap();
     metasrv.try_start().await.unwrap();
 
     let (client, server) = tokio::io::duplex(1024);
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs
index 32da666f2bcd..c6db67c76130 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/region/supervisor.rs
@@ -258,6 +258,7 @@ impl RegionFailureDetectorController for RegionFailureDetectorControl {
 }
 
 /// [`HeartbeatAcceptor`] forwards heartbeats to [`RegionSupervisor`].
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct HeartbeatAcceptor {
     sender: Sender<Event>,
 }
diff --git a/src/meta-srv/src/service/heartbeat.rs b/src/meta-srv/src/service/heartbeat.rs
index 569d6a8089b8..2470129be9fd 100644
--- a/src/meta-srv/src/service/heartbeat.rs
+++ b/src/meta-srv/src/service/heartbeat.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use api::v1::meta::{
 use common_telemetry::{debug, error, info, warn};
 use futures::StreamExt;
 use once_cell::sync::OnceCell;
+use snafu::OptionExt;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender;
 use tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream;
@@ -45,7 +46,13 @@ impl heartbeat_server::Heartbeat for Metasrv {
     ) -> GrpcResult<Self::HeartbeatStream> {
         let mut in_stream = req.into_inner();
         let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(128);
-        let handler_group = self.handler_group().clone();
+        let handler_group = self
+            .handler_group()
+            .clone()
+            .context(error::UnexpectedSnafu {
+                violated: "expected heartbeat handlers",
+            })?;
+
         let ctx = self.new_ctx();
         let _handle = common_runtime::spawn_global(async move {
             let mut pusher_key = None;