Source Pattern: SOSA Feature of Interest
Source Data: Asterank, MP3C, NASA_JPL
The domain of space objects are broken into three subcategories: Artificial Space Objects, Space Weather Phenomena, and Natural Space Objects. Asteroids exist as a Natural Space Object where object can be further defined as a material object. An Asteroid is represented by NASA as an object that orbits the sun of the Sol Solar System measuring 33 feet (10 meters) to 329 miles (530 kilometers). For the SOL of Life, the only celestial body to be concerned with is Asteroid; therefore, the derived understanding begins with an OWL Thing consisting of multiple properties; such as, labeled naming conventions and quantitative measurable components of velocity, semi-major axis, and minimum orbit intersection distance. Researchers have also predicted properties that benefit exomining operations such as the average profit gained after a mining excavation with consideration of the available valuable materials. A subsumption is made for Asteroids into Near-Earth Asteroids when their semi-major axis measurement is within a threshold. The SOSA pattern best reflects the usage of SOL of Life's knowledge graph with respect to the layer of Observations. Asteroids can be represented as a Feature of Interest with a Observations, a Classification, and a Distance Record.
Source Pattern: No Source Pattern
Source Data: Asterank, Asteroid Spectral Types
The derived elemental composition of an Asteroid is a prediction based from infrared readings, as traveling to each individual asteroid remains an unrealistic task. As such, infrared reflections and readings are compared for similarities against known Earth elements and denote the components from the Asteroid's surface. The infrared data has been collected to formulate classifications among clusters of all asteroids for similarities of readings. The infrared readings and cluster family of similar asteroids result in a SMASSII classification which can be represented as a label. For our use case, we're only interested in the asteroid type as a label and decided to disregard the initial observation that lead to the classification.
Source Pattern: MODL's Record
Source Data: SkyLive
The end-goal of SOL of Life is to provide insight at a specific point of time for whether an Asteroid is within a means of distance for exomining companies to travel to for mineral extraction operations. As such, the spatial coordinates of an Asteroid is less important than the actual distance from Earth, which acts as a baseline for exomining operations. We used the Record pattern for distance from Earth because it accounts for some Event that occurs at a specific point in time. For our ontology, the Event is simplified as a result for a quantifiable metric for distance from Earth.
Source Pattern: MODL's Entity With Provenance
Source Data: Asterank, MP3C, NASA_JPL, Skylive
Attributes of asteroids can fit into the Entity With Provenance pattern provided by MODL. Most of our data is gathered by experts in astronomy, such as NASA and MP3C. Using this pattern allows for our end users to trace our data back to a source and the agent or organization that performed the data collection.
Source Pattern: SOSA Observation
Source Data: Asterank, MP3C, NASA_JPL
Data that describes Asteroids can be represented as Observations from the SOSA pattern which consists of the property that describes the observation along with the quantifiable value. The description of the property follows SOSA's ObservableProperty pattern, and the value follows the aforementioned Result pattern. With that in mind, the measurable data; such as, mass, value, and velocity are represented as an instance of an Observation.
Source Pattern: MODL's Result and Quantity
Source Data: Asterank, MP3C, NASA_JPL
A Result pattern is used to describe the quantifiable values in the properties of an Asteroid. In our case, the Result notion has a Quantity associated with it, which is a pattern in MODL. A Quantity consists of a Quantity Kind, which is the description indicating the Result's usage, along with the quantifiable value and unit of measurement. Similarly to how controlled vocabularies are used in the Enslaved Ontology, we implement them as a means of scalability of our ontology. They are considered to be separate from the actual ontology yet complement it. A Quantity Kind as controlled vocabulary can consist of, but is not limited to mass, distance from Earth, and velocity. A Unit as controlled vocabulary can consist of, but is not limited to km/s, kg, and AU.
Source: Asterrank
- Asterank is built atop Nasa's Small Body Database to provide asteroid orbital data as well as estimates for asteroid value and distance metrics. SOL of Life will contain a subset of Asterrank's data focusing on asteroid worth and distance metrics.
Source: Asteroid Spectral Types
- Overview of the various Asteroid SMASSII classes and their properties
Source: MP3C
- Similar to the Nasa-JPL Small Body Database, MP3C Asteroid Database also serves as a source for physcial and orbital data on asteroids. MP3C's database is maintained by the Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur and includes measurements and observations on the orbital and physical properties of asteroids. SOL of Life will utilize the MP3C's database as a secondary source for orbital data on asteroids.
Source: Nasa-JPL: SBDB
- Nasa-JPL Small Body Database (SBDB) serves as a well established and primary source for data on asteroids as well as other "small bodies". The SBDB includes extensive information on orbital, physical, and historical properties. SOL of Life will utilize the SBDB for data relating to orbital properties for asteroids.
Source: Sky Live
- Historical and Predictive measurements of celestial bodies given their orbital trajectory can be recorded from the Sky Live tool.
Source: MODL Library
Source: PROV-O
Source: SOSA
Source: Unified Code for Units of Measure in RDF: cdt:ucum
Source: rdfs: label
Source: QUDT
Source: DBOntology for Chemical Elements: dbo:ChemicalElement