diff --git a/R-package/R/lgb.Booster.R b/R-package/R/lgb.Booster.R
index 4149233b63b0..7c128c7547f4 100644
--- a/R-package/R/lgb.Booster.R
+++ b/R-package/R/lgb.Booster.R
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ Booster <- R6::R6Class(
           LGBM_BoosterCreateFromModelfile_R
           , modelfile
         )
+        params <- private$get_loaded_param(handle)
 
       } else if (!is.null(model_str)) {
 
@@ -727,6 +728,20 @@ Booster <- R6::R6Class(
 
     },
 
+    get_loaded_param = function(handle) {
+      params_str <- .Call(
+        LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam_R
+        , handle
+      )
+      params <- jsonlite::fromJSON(params_str)
+      if ("interaction_constraints" %in% names(params)) {
+        params[["interaction_constraints"]] <- lapply(params[["interaction_constraints"]], function(x) x + 1L)
+      }
+
+      return(params)
+
+    },
+
     inner_eval = function(data_name, data_idx, feval = NULL) {
 
       # Check for unknown dataset (over the maximum provided range)
diff --git a/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.cpp b/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.cpp
index 1d503ab7b465..82956daef4b9 100644
--- a/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.cpp
+++ b/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.cpp
@@ -1183,6 +1183,27 @@ SEXP LGBM_DumpParamAliases_R() {
   R_API_END();
 }
 
+SEXP LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam_R(SEXP handle) {
+  SEXP cont_token = PROTECT(R_MakeUnwindCont());
+  R_API_BEGIN();
+  _AssertBoosterHandleNotNull(handle);
+  SEXP params_str;
+  int64_t out_len = 0;
+  int64_t buf_len = 1024 * 1024;
+  std::vector<char> inner_char_buf(buf_len);
+  CHECK_CALL(LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(R_ExternalPtrAddr(handle), buf_len, &out_len, inner_char_buf.data()));
+  // if aliases string was larger than the initial buffer, allocate a bigger buffer and try again
+  if (out_len > buf_len) {
+    inner_char_buf.resize(out_len);
+    CHECK_CALL(LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(R_ExternalPtrAddr(handle), out_len, &out_len, inner_char_buf.data()));
+  }
+  params_str = PROTECT(safe_R_string(static_cast<R_xlen_t>(1), &cont_token));
+  SET_STRING_ELT(params_str, 0, safe_R_mkChar(inner_char_buf.data(), &cont_token));
+  UNPROTECT(2);
+  return params_str;
+  R_API_END();
+}
+
 // .Call() calls
 static const R_CallMethodDef CallEntries[] = {
   {"LGBM_HandleIsNull_R"                         , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_HandleIsNull_R                         , 1},
@@ -1211,6 +1232,7 @@ static const R_CallMethodDef CallEntries[] = {
   {"LGBM_BoosterResetParameter_R"                , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterResetParameter_R                , 2},
   {"LGBM_BoosterGetNumClasses_R"                 , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterGetNumClasses_R                 , 2},
   {"LGBM_BoosterGetNumFeature_R"                 , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterGetNumFeature_R                 , 1},
+  {"LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam_R"                , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam_R                , 1},
   {"LGBM_BoosterUpdateOneIter_R"                 , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterUpdateOneIter_R                 , 1},
   {"LGBM_BoosterUpdateOneIterCustom_R"           , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterUpdateOneIterCustom_R           , 4},
   {"LGBM_BoosterRollbackOneIter_R"               , (DL_FUNC) &LGBM_BoosterRollbackOneIter_R               , 1},
diff --git a/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.h b/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.h
index 9818a233aee3..7141a06a207c 100644
--- a/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.h
+++ b/R-package/src/lightgbm_R.h
@@ -266,6 +266,15 @@ LIGHTGBM_C_EXPORT SEXP LGBM_BoosterLoadModelFromString_R(
   SEXP model_str
 );
 
+/*!
+* \brief Get parameters as JSON string.
+* \param handle Booster handle
+* \return R character vector (length=1) with parameters in JSON format
+*/
+LIGHTGBM_C_EXPORT SEXP LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam_R(
+  SEXP handle
+);
+
 /*!
 * \brief Merge model in two Boosters to first handle
 * \param handle handle primary Booster handle, will merge other handle to this
diff --git a/R-package/tests/testthat/test_lgb.Booster.R b/R-package/tests/testthat/test_lgb.Booster.R
index 8208ef416a65..1bd565a07345 100644
--- a/R-package/tests/testthat/test_lgb.Booster.R
+++ b/R-package/tests/testthat/test_lgb.Booster.R
@@ -172,15 +172,24 @@ test_that("Loading a Booster from a text file works", {
     data(agaricus.test, package = "lightgbm")
     train <- agaricus.train
     test <- agaricus.test
+    params <- list(
+        num_leaves = 4L
+        , boosting = "rf"
+        , bagging_fraction = 0.8
+        , bagging_freq = 1L
+        , boost_from_average = FALSE
+        , categorical_feature = c(1L, 2L)
+        , interaction_constraints = list(c(1L, 2L), 1L)
+        , feature_contri = rep(0.5, ncol(train$data))
+        , metric = c("mape", "average_precision")
+        , learning_rate = 1.0
+        , objective = "binary"
+        , verbosity = VERBOSITY
+    )
     bst <- lightgbm(
         data = as.matrix(train$data)
         , label = train$label
-        , params = list(
-            num_leaves = 4L
-            , learning_rate = 1.0
-            , objective = "binary"
-            , verbose = VERBOSITY
-        )
+        , params = params
         , nrounds = 2L
     )
     expect_true(lgb.is.Booster(bst))
@@ -199,6 +208,9 @@ test_that("Loading a Booster from a text file works", {
     )
     pred2 <- predict(bst2, test$data)
     expect_identical(pred, pred2)
+
+    # check that the parameters are loaded correctly
+    expect_equal(bst2$params[names(params)], params)
 })
 
 test_that("boosters with linear models at leaves can be written to text file and re-loaded successfully", {
diff --git a/helpers/parameter_generator.py b/helpers/parameter_generator.py
index 9bc62b093a26..407f2c73e1e3 100644
--- a/helpers/parameter_generator.py
+++ b/helpers/parameter_generator.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 along with parameters description in LightGBM/docs/Parameters.rst file
 from the information in LightGBM/include/LightGBM/config.h file.
 """
+import re
 from collections import defaultdict
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Dict, List, Tuple
@@ -373,6 +374,32 @@ def gen_parameter_code(
 }
 
 """
+    str_to_write += """const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>& Config::ParameterTypes() {
+  static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> map({"""
+    int_t_pat = re.compile(r'int\d+_t')
+    # the following are stored as comma separated strings but are arrays in the wrappers
+    overrides = {
+        'categorical_feature': 'vector<int>',
+        'ignore_column': 'vector<int>',
+        'interaction_constraints': 'vector<vector<int>>',
+    }
+    for x in infos:
+        for y in x:
+            name = y["name"][0]
+            if name == 'task':
+                continue
+            if name in overrides:
+                param_type = overrides[name]
+            else:
+                param_type = int_t_pat.sub('int', y["inner_type"][0]).replace('std::', '')
+            str_to_write += '\n    {"' + name + '", "' + param_type + '"},'
+    str_to_write += """
+  });
+  return map;
+}
+
+"""
+
     str_to_write += "}  // namespace LightGBM\n"
     with open(config_out_cpp, "w") as config_out_cpp_file:
         config_out_cpp_file.write(str_to_write)
diff --git a/include/LightGBM/boosting.h b/include/LightGBM/boosting.h
index 7530495c0e17..1bfc18b4470b 100644
--- a/include/LightGBM/boosting.h
+++ b/include/LightGBM/boosting.h
@@ -313,6 +313,8 @@ class LIGHTGBM_EXPORT Boosting {
   */
   static Boosting* CreateBoosting(const std::string& type, const char* filename);
 
+  virtual std::string GetLoadedParam() const = 0;
+
   virtual bool IsLinear() const { return false; }
 
   virtual std::string ParserConfigStr() const = 0;
diff --git a/include/LightGBM/c_api.h b/include/LightGBM/c_api.h
index 4f89cc784da1..287826ea182c 100644
--- a/include/LightGBM/c_api.h
+++ b/include/LightGBM/c_api.h
@@ -595,6 +595,20 @@ LIGHTGBM_C_EXPORT int LGBM_BoosterLoadModelFromString(const char* model_str,
                                                       int* out_num_iterations,
                                                       BoosterHandle* out);
 
+/*!
+ * \brief Get parameters as JSON string.
+ * \param handle Handle of booster.
+ * \param buffer_len Allocated space for string.
+ * \param[out] out_len Actual size of string.
+ * \param[out] out_str JSON string containing parameters.
+ * \return 0 when succeed, -1 when failure happens
+ */
+LIGHTGBM_C_EXPORT int LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(BoosterHandle handle,
+                                                 int64_t buffer_len,
+                                                 int64_t* out_len,
+                                                 char* out_str);
+
+
 /*!
  * \brief Free space for booster.
  * \param handle Handle of booster to be freed
diff --git a/include/LightGBM/config.h b/include/LightGBM/config.h
index e88c4d7b70b7..c924c6b17485 100644
--- a/include/LightGBM/config.h
+++ b/include/LightGBM/config.h
@@ -1075,6 +1075,7 @@ struct Config {
   static const std::unordered_set<std::string>& parameter_set();
   std::vector<std::vector<double>> auc_mu_weights_matrix;
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> interaction_constraints_vector;
+  static const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>& ParameterTypes();
   static const std::string DumpAliases();
 
  private:
diff --git a/python-package/lightgbm/basic.py b/python-package/lightgbm/basic.py
index 40f3850978a6..2758e9fe32fd 100644
--- a/python-package/lightgbm/basic.py
+++ b/python-package/lightgbm/basic.py
@@ -2816,6 +2816,9 @@ def __init__(
                 ctypes.byref(out_num_class)))
             self.__num_class = out_num_class.value
             self.pandas_categorical = _load_pandas_categorical(file_name=model_file)
+            if params:
+                _log_warning('Ignoring params argument, using parameters from model file.')
+            params = self._get_loaded_param()
         elif model_str is not None:
             self.model_from_string(model_str)
         else:
@@ -2864,6 +2867,28 @@ def __setstate__(self, state: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
             state['handle'] = handle
         self.__dict__.update(state)
 
+    def _get_loaded_param(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        buffer_len = 1 << 20
+        tmp_out_len = ctypes.c_int64(0)
+        string_buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(buffer_len)
+        ptr_string_buffer = ctypes.c_char_p(*[ctypes.addressof(string_buffer)])
+        _safe_call(_LIB.LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(
+            self.handle,
+            ctypes.c_int64(buffer_len),
+            ctypes.byref(tmp_out_len),
+            ptr_string_buffer))
+        actual_len = tmp_out_len.value
+        # if buffer length is not long enough, re-allocate a buffer
+        if actual_len > buffer_len:
+            string_buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(actual_len)
+            ptr_string_buffer = ctypes.c_char_p(*[ctypes.addressof(string_buffer)])
+            _safe_call(_LIB.LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(
+                self.handle,
+                ctypes.c_int64(actual_len),
+                ctypes.byref(tmp_out_len),
+                ptr_string_buffer))
+        return json.loads(string_buffer.value.decode('utf-8'))
+
     def free_dataset(self) -> "Booster":
         """Free Booster's Datasets.
 
diff --git a/src/boosting/gbdt.h b/src/boosting/gbdt.h
index 3d9ef619f1dd..5cc3cc7541b0 100644
--- a/src/boosting/gbdt.h
+++ b/src/boosting/gbdt.h
@@ -157,6 +157,60 @@ class GBDT : public GBDTBase {
   */
   int GetCurrentIteration() const override { return static_cast<int>(models_.size()) / num_tree_per_iteration_; }
 
+  /*!
+  * \brief Get parameters as a JSON string
+  */
+  std::string GetLoadedParam() const override {
+    if (loaded_parameter_.empty()) {
+      return std::string("{}");
+    }
+    const auto param_types = Config::ParameterTypes();
+    const auto lines = Common::Split(loaded_parameter_.c_str(), "\n");
+    bool first = true;
+    std::stringstream str_buf;
+    str_buf << "{";
+    for (const auto& line : lines) {
+      const auto pair = Common::Split(line.c_str(), ":");
+      if (pair[1] == " ]")
+        continue;
+      if (first) {
+        first = false;
+        str_buf << "\"";
+      } else {
+        str_buf << ",\"";
+      }
+      const auto param = pair[0].substr(1);
+      const auto value_str = pair[1].substr(1, pair[1].size() - 2);
+      const auto param_type = param_types.at(param);
+      str_buf << param << "\": ";
+      if (param_type == "string") {
+        str_buf << "\"" << value_str << "\"";
+      } else if (param_type == "int") {
+        int value;
+        Common::Atoi(value_str.c_str(), &value);
+        str_buf << value;
+      } else if (param_type == "double") {
+        double value;
+        Common::Atof(value_str.c_str(), &value);
+        str_buf << value;
+      } else if (param_type == "bool") {
+        bool value = value_str == "1";
+        str_buf << std::boolalpha << value;
+      } else if (param_type.substr(0, 6) == "vector") {
+        str_buf << "[";
+        if (param_type.substr(7, 6) == "string") {
+          const auto parts = Common::Split(value_str.c_str(), ",");
+          str_buf << "\"" << Common::Join(parts, "\",\"") << "\"";
+        } else {
+          str_buf << value_str;
+        }
+        str_buf << "]";
+      }
+    }
+    str_buf << "}";
+    return str_buf.str();
+  }
+
   /*!
   * \brief Can use early stopping for prediction or not
   * \return True if cannot use early stopping for prediction
diff --git a/src/c_api.cpp b/src/c_api.cpp
index 5a5dc81fd5e9..20633273134e 100644
--- a/src/c_api.cpp
+++ b/src/c_api.cpp
@@ -1748,6 +1748,21 @@ int LGBM_BoosterLoadModelFromString(
   API_END();
 }
 
+int LGBM_BoosterGetLoadedParam(
+  BoosterHandle handle,
+  int64_t buffer_len,
+  int64_t* out_len,
+  char* out_str) {
+  API_BEGIN();
+  Booster* ref_booster = reinterpret_cast<Booster*>(handle);
+  std::string params = ref_booster->GetBoosting()->GetLoadedParam();
+  *out_len = static_cast<int64_t>(params.size()) + 1;
+  if (*out_len <= buffer_len) {
+    std::memcpy(out_str, params.c_str(), *out_len);
+  }
+  API_END();
+}
+
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
   #pragma warning(disable : 4702)
 #endif
diff --git a/src/io/config_auto.cpp b/src/io/config_auto.cpp
index 6c2e3cabad00..a86abd3a2c1d 100644
--- a/src/io/config_auto.cpp
+++ b/src/io/config_auto.cpp
@@ -894,4 +894,141 @@ const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<std::string>>& Config::paramet
   return map;
 }
 
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>& Config::ParameterTypes() {
+  static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> map({
+    {"config", "string"},
+    {"objective", "string"},
+    {"boosting", "string"},
+    {"data", "string"},
+    {"valid", "vector<string>"},
+    {"num_iterations", "int"},
+    {"learning_rate", "double"},
+    {"num_leaves", "int"},
+    {"tree_learner", "string"},
+    {"num_threads", "int"},
+    {"device_type", "string"},
+    {"seed", "int"},
+    {"deterministic", "bool"},
+    {"force_col_wise", "bool"},
+    {"force_row_wise", "bool"},
+    {"histogram_pool_size", "double"},
+    {"max_depth", "int"},
+    {"min_data_in_leaf", "int"},
+    {"min_sum_hessian_in_leaf", "double"},
+    {"bagging_fraction", "double"},
+    {"pos_bagging_fraction", "double"},
+    {"neg_bagging_fraction", "double"},
+    {"bagging_freq", "int"},
+    {"bagging_seed", "int"},
+    {"feature_fraction", "double"},
+    {"feature_fraction_bynode", "double"},
+    {"feature_fraction_seed", "int"},
+    {"extra_trees", "bool"},
+    {"extra_seed", "int"},
+    {"early_stopping_round", "int"},
+    {"first_metric_only", "bool"},
+    {"max_delta_step", "double"},
+    {"lambda_l1", "double"},
+    {"lambda_l2", "double"},
+    {"linear_lambda", "double"},
+    {"min_gain_to_split", "double"},
+    {"drop_rate", "double"},
+    {"max_drop", "int"},
+    {"skip_drop", "double"},
+    {"xgboost_dart_mode", "bool"},
+    {"uniform_drop", "bool"},
+    {"drop_seed", "int"},
+    {"top_rate", "double"},
+    {"other_rate", "double"},
+    {"min_data_per_group", "int"},
+    {"max_cat_threshold", "int"},
+    {"cat_l2", "double"},
+    {"cat_smooth", "double"},
+    {"max_cat_to_onehot", "int"},
+    {"top_k", "int"},
+    {"monotone_constraints", "vector<int>"},
+    {"monotone_constraints_method", "string"},
+    {"monotone_penalty", "double"},
+    {"feature_contri", "vector<double>"},
+    {"forcedsplits_filename", "string"},
+    {"refit_decay_rate", "double"},
+    {"cegb_tradeoff", "double"},
+    {"cegb_penalty_split", "double"},
+    {"cegb_penalty_feature_lazy", "vector<double>"},
+    {"cegb_penalty_feature_coupled", "vector<double>"},
+    {"path_smooth", "double"},
+    {"interaction_constraints", "vector<vector<int>>"},
+    {"verbosity", "int"},
+    {"input_model", "string"},
+    {"output_model", "string"},
+    {"saved_feature_importance_type", "int"},
+    {"snapshot_freq", "int"},
+    {"linear_tree", "bool"},
+    {"max_bin", "int"},
+    {"max_bin_by_feature", "vector<int>"},
+    {"min_data_in_bin", "int"},
+    {"bin_construct_sample_cnt", "int"},
+    {"data_random_seed", "int"},
+    {"is_enable_sparse", "bool"},
+    {"enable_bundle", "bool"},
+    {"use_missing", "bool"},
+    {"zero_as_missing", "bool"},
+    {"feature_pre_filter", "bool"},
+    {"pre_partition", "bool"},
+    {"two_round", "bool"},
+    {"header", "bool"},
+    {"label_column", "string"},
+    {"weight_column", "string"},
+    {"group_column", "string"},
+    {"ignore_column", "vector<int>"},
+    {"categorical_feature", "vector<int>"},
+    {"forcedbins_filename", "string"},
+    {"save_binary", "bool"},
+    {"precise_float_parser", "bool"},
+    {"parser_config_file", "string"},
+    {"start_iteration_predict", "int"},
+    {"num_iteration_predict", "int"},
+    {"predict_raw_score", "bool"},
+    {"predict_leaf_index", "bool"},
+    {"predict_contrib", "bool"},
+    {"predict_disable_shape_check", "bool"},
+    {"pred_early_stop", "bool"},
+    {"pred_early_stop_freq", "int"},
+    {"pred_early_stop_margin", "double"},
+    {"output_result", "string"},
+    {"convert_model_language", "string"},
+    {"convert_model", "string"},
+    {"objective_seed", "int"},
+    {"num_class", "int"},
+    {"is_unbalance", "bool"},
+    {"scale_pos_weight", "double"},
+    {"sigmoid", "double"},
+    {"boost_from_average", "bool"},
+    {"reg_sqrt", "bool"},
+    {"alpha", "double"},
+    {"fair_c", "double"},
+    {"poisson_max_delta_step", "double"},
+    {"tweedie_variance_power", "double"},
+    {"lambdarank_truncation_level", "int"},
+    {"lambdarank_norm", "bool"},
+    {"label_gain", "vector<double>"},
+    {"metric", "vector<string>"},
+    {"metric_freq", "int"},
+    {"is_provide_training_metric", "bool"},
+    {"eval_at", "vector<int>"},
+    {"multi_error_top_k", "int"},
+    {"auc_mu_weights", "vector<double>"},
+    {"num_machines", "int"},
+    {"local_listen_port", "int"},
+    {"time_out", "int"},
+    {"machine_list_filename", "string"},
+    {"machines", "string"},
+    {"gpu_platform_id", "int"},
+    {"gpu_device_id", "int"},
+    {"gpu_use_dp", "bool"},
+    {"num_gpu", "int"},
+  });
+  return map;
+}
+
 }  // namespace LightGBM
diff --git a/tests/python_package_test/test_engine.py b/tests/python_package_test/test_engine.py
index a523f9c41add..a2fbf59c168a 100644
--- a/tests/python_package_test/test_engine.py
+++ b/tests/python_package_test/test_engine.py
@@ -1210,6 +1210,35 @@ def test_feature_name_with_non_ascii():
     assert feature_names == gbm2.feature_name()
 
 
+def test_parameters_are_loaded_from_model_file(tmp_path):
+    X = np.hstack([np.random.rand(100, 1), np.random.randint(0, 5, (100, 2))])
+    y = np.random.rand(100)
+    ds = lgb.Dataset(X, y)
+    params = {
+        'bagging_fraction': 0.8,
+        'bagging_freq': 2,
+        'boosting': 'rf',
+        'feature_contri': [0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
+        'feature_fraction': 0.7,
+        'boost_from_average': False,
+        'interaction_constraints': [[0, 1], [0]],
+        'metric': ['l2', 'rmse'],
+        'num_leaves': 5,
+        'num_threads': 1,
+    }
+    model_file = tmp_path / 'model.txt'
+    lgb.train(params, ds, num_boost_round=1, categorical_feature=[1, 2]).save_model(model_file)
+    bst = lgb.Booster(model_file=model_file)
+    set_params = {k: bst.params[k] for k in params.keys()}
+    assert set_params == params
+    assert bst.params['categorical_feature'] == [1, 2]
+
+    # check that passing parameters to the constructor raises warning and ignores them
+    with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match='Ignoring params argument'):
+        bst2 = lgb.Booster(params={'num_leaves': 7}, model_file=model_file)
+    assert bst.params == bst2.params
+
+
 def test_save_load_copy_pickle():
     def train_and_predict(init_model=None, return_model=False):
         X, y = make_synthetic_regression()