[rush] Support --version cli flag

[viceice]

Summary

We're dynamically install tools for renovate and for simple test we call <tool> --version which works for most tools.
It would be nice if rush can support this too.
It should simply print the version and exit with zero code.

https://github.com/containerbase/base/blob/61fc48fbabe852b4a25a19890e72bab02fe5658c/src/cli/tools/node/utils.ts#L190

Details

Standard questions

Please answer these questions to help us investigate your issue more quickly:

Question	Answer
@microsoft/rush globally installed version?	5.136.1
rushVersion from rush.json?
useWorkspaces from rush.json?
Operating system?	Linux
Would you consider contributing a PR?	Yes
Node.js version (node -v)?	20.17.0

[iclanton]

Do you want to get the current version of Rush by running rush --version? Or do you want to get the currently installed version of a particular package?

[viceice]

Do you want to get the current version of Rush by running rush --version? Or do you want to get the currently installed version of a particular package?

the rush cli version which is running. 🤗